TEDGlobal>London
Melati and Isabel Wijsen: Our campaign to ban plastic bags in Bali
梅拉蒂·维森&伊莎贝尔·维森: 我们在巴厘岛向塑料袋说不
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,581,556 views
本来塑料袋就很难破坏掉，人们还草率地使用并丢弃它们。大部分塑料袋都流进了海洋，污染水源，危害海洋生物；剩下的在垃圾堆里焚化，向空气中释放出有害的二噁英。梅拉蒂·维森和伊莎贝尔·维森两人正在进行一项“停止塑料袋破坏他们巴厘岛美丽家园”的活动，他们的努力成果包含——请愿书、净滩活动，甚至绝食抗议说服他们的政府在2018年前完成”巴厘岛无塑料袋“的承诺——现在已经有所成效。伊莎贝尔告诉其他积极的参与者们：“不要让任何人告诉你，你太年轻你不懂。我们不是告诉大家这很简单，我们是为了告诉大家这样做是值得的。”
Melati and Isabel Wijsen - Activists
Sisters Melati and Isabel Wijsen are on a mission to ban plastic bags in Bali. Full bio
Sisters Melati and Isabel Wijsen are on a mission to ban plastic bags in Bali. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Melati Wijsen: Bali -- island of gods.
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Melati Wijsen：巴厘岛——神明之岛。
00:17
Isabel Wijsen: A green paradise.
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Isabel Wijsen：绿色的天堂。
MW：或者是······
00:21
MW: Or ...
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00:22
a paradise lost.
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失落的天堂。
巴厘岛：
00:25
Bali:
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垃圾之岛。
00:26
island of garbage.
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IW：在巴厘岛，
00:29
IW: In Bali,
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00:30
we generate 680 cubic meters
of plastic garbage a day.
of plastic garbage a day.
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我们一天会制造出
680立方米的塑料垃圾。
680立方米的塑料垃圾。
00:37
That's about a 14-story building.
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这大约有14层楼高。
说到塑料袋，
00:41
And when it comes to plastic bags,
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00:43
less than five percent gets recycled.
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它的回收率小于5%。
00:46
MW: We know that changes the image
you may have of our island.
you may have of our island.
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MW：我们知道也许你们对
我们岛的印象已经改变了。
我们岛的印象已经改变了。
当我们知道的时候，我们的印象也变了，
00:50
It changed ours, too,
when we learned about it,
when we learned about it,
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00:53
when we learned that almost all
plastic bags in Bali end up in our drains
plastic bags in Bali end up in our drains
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我们知道了几乎所有巴厘岛上的塑料袋
最后会流到我们的下水道
最后会流到我们的下水道
然后转进我们的河流，
00:57
and then in our rivers
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00:59
and then in our ocean.
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最后流入我们的海洋。
而那些没有流进海洋的，
01:00
And those that don't even
make it to the ocean,
make it to the ocean,
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01:03
they're either burned or littered.
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它们不是被焚化就是被乱丢弃掉。
IW：所以，我们决定要做些事情。
01:06
IW: So we decided
to do something about it.
to do something about it.
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01:08
And we've been working
for almost three years now
for almost three years now
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到现在为止我们已经做了快三年，
01:11
to try to say no to plastic bags
on our home island.
on our home island.
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尝试在我们岛上的家园，
向塑料袋说不。
向塑料袋说不。
01:14
And we have had
some significant successes.
some significant successes.
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而且我们有相当显著的成功。
MW：我们是姐妹，
01:18
MW: We are sisters,
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01:20
and we go to the best school on earth:
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我们在地球上最棒的学校上课：
巴厘岛的格林学校。
01:24
Green School, Bali.
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01:25
Green School is not only different
in the way that it is built out of bamboo,
in the way that it is built out of bamboo,
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格林学校的不同之处，
除了它是由竹子建造而成，
除了它是由竹子建造而成，
还有它的教学方式。
01:30
but also in the way that it teaches.
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01:32
We are taught to become leaders of today,
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我们被教导成为今日的领袖，
01:36
something a normal textbook cannot match.
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一些在普通教科书上学不到的东西。
IW：有一天，我们上了一堂课，
01:39
IW: One day we had a lesson in class
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01:41
where we learned about significant people,
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学习了一些名人，
01:44
like Nelson Mandela,
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比如尼尔森·曼德拉、
戴安娜夫人、
01:46
Lady Diana
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01:47
and Mahatma Gandhi.
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圣雄甘地。
那天回家的路上，
01:49
Walking home that day,
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01:50
we agreed that we also
wanted to be significant.
wanted to be significant.
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我们达成一个共识：
我们也想成为这样的名人。
我们也想成为这样的名人。
01:54
Why should we wait until we were grown up
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那为什么我们要等到长大时
01:56
to be significant?
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才能成为名人呢？
01:58
We wanted to do something now.
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我们现在就想做一些事。
02:01
MW: Sitting on the sofa that night,
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MW：坐在沙发上的那一晚，
02:02
we brainstormed and thought
of all the issues facing Bali.
of all the issues facing Bali.
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我们开始了头脑风暴，
思考巴厘岛现在所面临的问题。
思考巴厘岛现在所面临的问题。
02:06
And one thing that stood out
to us the most
to us the most
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而其中一个常常出现在
我们面前的就是
我们面前的就是
02:08
was the plastic garbage.
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塑料垃圾。
但这可是个大问题。
02:10
But that is a huge problem.
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02:13
So we looked into what was
a realistic target for us kids:
a realistic target for us kids:
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所以我们确定了我们这些小孩
实际的目标是什么：
实际的目标是什么：
就是塑料袋。
02:17
plastic bags.
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02:18
And the idea was born.
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想法诞生了。
IW：我们开始研究，
02:20
IW: We started researching,
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02:22
and let's just say, the more we learned,
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这么说好了，我们了解的越多，
02:25
there was nothing good about plastic bags.
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我们越明白塑料袋
一点好处也没有。
一点好处也没有。
而且你知道吗？
02:29
And you know what?
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02:30
We don't even need them.
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我们根本不需要它们。
MW：在很多其他地方举办的
“向塑料袋说不”的活动
“向塑料袋说不”的活动
02:33
MW: We were really inspired
by the efforts to say no to plastic bags
by the efforts to say no to plastic bags
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深深激励了我们，
02:36
in many other places,
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02:38
from Hawaii to Rwanda
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从夏威夷到卢旺达，
02:40
and to severals cities
like Oakland and Dublin.
like Oakland and Dublin.
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还有几个城市，
比如奥克兰或都柏林。
比如奥克兰或都柏林。
02:43
IW: And so the idea turned into the launch
of "Bye Bye Plastic Bags."
of "Bye Bye Plastic Bags."
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IW：所以我们把想法转换成发起
“拜拜了，塑料袋”活动。
“拜拜了，塑料袋”活动。
MW：这几年我们一直在办活动
02:50
MW: In the years
that we have been campaigning,
that we have been campaigning,
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这让我们学到很多。
02:52
we have learned a lot.
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第一课：
02:55
Lesson number one:
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你不要全都自己一个人做。
02:58
you cannot do it all by yourself.
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03:00
You need a big team of like-minded kids,
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你需要有一个志趣相投的
孩子们组成的大团队，
孩子们组成的大团队，
03:02
and so we formed
the Bye Bye Plastic Bags crew.
the Bye Bye Plastic Bags crew.
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所以我们成立了
“拜拜了，塑料袋”工作组。
“拜拜了，塑料袋”工作组。
03:06
The volunteer team includes
children from all over the island,
children from all over the island,
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志愿者团队来自于
从全岛范围内召集的孩子们，
从全岛范围内召集的孩子们，
包含国际及当地学校。
03:09
from both international and local schools.
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跟他们一起，
03:12
And together with them,
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我们开始了一种多层级方法，
03:13
we started a multi-layered approach,
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主要是一些线上线下
的签名请愿书活动，
的签名请愿书活动，
03:15
based on an on- and off-line
signature petition,
signature petition,
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03:18
educational and inspirational
presentations at schools
presentations at schools
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以及在学校举办的
含有教育寓意及鼓舞人心的演讲，
含有教育寓意及鼓舞人心的演讲，
03:22
and we raise general awareness
at markets, festivals, beach clean-ups.
at markets, festivals, beach clean-ups.
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我们也在市场、节庆、
海滩清洁活动上提高大众的意识。
海滩清洁活动上提高大众的意识。
03:26
And last but not least,
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最后但同样重要的一点，
03:27
we distribute alternative bags,
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我们给大家分发替代塑料袋的袋子，
比如网袋，
03:29
bags like net bags,
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可循环利用的报纸袋，
03:31
recycled newspaper bags
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或是100%有机材料袋，
03:33
or 100 percent organic material bags,
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03:35
all made by local
initiatives on the island.
initiatives on the island.
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这些全是当地岛上的自发团体制作的。
IW：我们运作了一个试点村，
03:38
IW: We run a pilot village,
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03:40
home of 800 families.
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包含800户家庭。
03:42
The village mayor was our first friend
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村长是我们第一个朋友，
03:44
and he loved our T-shirts, so that helped.
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他很喜欢我们的T恤，这很有帮助。
03:48
We focused on making the customers aware,
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我们专注于建立顾客意识，
03:50
because that's where the change
needs to happen.
needs to happen.
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因为那是需要改变的一点。
村庄有三分之二的区域已经成为了
03:54
The village is already
two-thirds along the way
two-thirds along the way
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03:56
of becoming plastic bag free.
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无塑料袋区域。
03:59
Our first attempts to get the government
of Bali on board failed.
of Bali on board failed.
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我们第一次尝试邀请
巴厘岛政府参加活动时失败了，
巴厘岛政府参加活动时失败了，
所以我们想，
04:04
So we thought,
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04:06
"Hmm ... a petition
with one million signatures.
with one million signatures.
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“嗯······如果有一百万份签名的请愿书，
他们应该就不会忽视我们了，对吧？ ”
04:10
They can't ignore us, right?"
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04:12
MW: Right!
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MW：对！
04:14
IW: But, who would have guessed
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IW：但是，大家认真算一下，
100万个签名，
是不是1000乘以1000啊？
是不是1000乘以1000啊？
04:16
one million signatures is, like,
a thousand times a thousand?
a thousand times a thousand?
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04:20
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
我们碰到瓶颈了——
04:22
We got stuck --
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04:24
till we learned lesson number two:
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直到我们学到了第二课：
04:27
think outside the box.
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跳脱框架，另类思考。
04:29
Someone mentioned
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有人曾经说过
04:30
that the Bali airport handles
16 million arrivals and departures a year.
16 million arrivals and departures a year.
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巴厘岛机场每年要处理
1600 万人次的出入境旅客。
1600 万人次的出入境旅客。
04:38
MW: But how do we get into the airport?
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MW：但我们怎么才能进到机场里面呢？
所以就有了第三课：
04:41
And here comes lesson number three:
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04:44
persistence.
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坚持。
我们前往机场，
04:46
Off we headed to the airport.
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04:47
We got past the janitor.
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我们通过门卫，
04:49
And then it was his boss's boss,
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然后去找他的上级的上级，
然后是办公室经理助理，
04:51
and then the assistant office manager,
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04:54
and then the office manager,
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然后是办公室经理，
04:55
and then ...
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再接着······
04:56
we got shuffled down
two levels and thought,
two levels and thought,
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我们没成功，又向后退了两步，
我们想道，
我们想道，
04:58
well, here comes the janitor again.
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好吧，我们又回到门卫这里了。
05:01
And after several days knocking on doors
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经过了几天的敲门
05:03
and just being kids on a mission,
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一直以小孩子的身份进行任务，
05:05
we finally got to the commercial
manager of Bali airports.
manager of Bali airports.
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我们最终找到了巴厘岛机场
的商业部经理，
的商业部经理，
05:10
And we gave him the "Bali of plastic bags"
speech, and being a very nice man,
speech, and being a very nice man,
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然后我们向他讲演了
“巴厘岛的塑料袋”的内容，
“巴厘岛的塑料袋”的内容，
他人很好，他说， （模仿他的声音）
“我都不敢相信自己要说什么，
“我都不敢相信自己要说什么，
05:14
he said, [imitating the man's voice]
"I cannot believe what I'm about say,
"I cannot believe what I'm about say,
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我要授权给你们，
05:18
but I'm going to give authorization
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05:20
to collect signatures
behind customs and immigrations."
behind customs and immigrations."
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你们可以在海关及移民局后面
收集签名。”
收集签名。”
05:23
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
05:24
(Applause)
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（掌声）
IW：我们在那里的头一个半小时，
05:28
IW: In our first hour and a half there,
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05:30
we got almost 1,000 signatures.
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就已经拿到快1000个签名了，
05:33
How cool is that?
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很酷吧?
05:36
Lesson number four:
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第四课：
05:37
you need champions
at all levels of society,
at all levels of society,
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你需要社会各界精英的帮助，
从学生到商业经理到名人。
05:41
from students to commercial
managers to famous people.
managers to famous people.
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多亏了格林学校强大的吸引力，
05:46
And thanks to the attraction
of Green School,
of Green School,
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让我们一直有名人可以访问。
05:48
we had access to a steady
stream of celebrities.
stream of celebrities.
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潘基文让我们懂得了
05:51
Ban Ki Moon taught us
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05:53
that Secretary-Generals
of the United Nations
of the United Nations
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联合国秘书长
是不会签请愿书的——
05:56
don't sign petitions --
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05:58
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
即使我们小孩子好好地请求。
05:59
even if kids ask nicely.
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06:01
But he promised to spread the word,
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但他答应要传递这些讯息，
06:02
and now we work closely
with the United Nations.
with the United Nations.
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现在我们跟联合国合作地相当密切。
06:05
MW: Jane Goodall taught us
the power of a people's network.
the power of a people's network.
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MW：珍·古道尔让我们懂得了，
一个人的网络力量。
一个人的网络力量。
06:09
She started with just one
Roots & Shoots group
Roots & Shoots group
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她是从一个叫“根与芽”的团体开始的，
06:12
and now she has 4,000 groups
around the world.
around the world.
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现在她在全世界有4000个团体。
06:15
We are one of them.
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我们是其中之一。
她真的很能鼓舞人心。
06:16
She's a real inspiration.
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如果你是扶轮社的一员，
06:18
If you're a fellow Rotarian,
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06:20
nice to meet you.
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很高兴见到你。
06:21
We're Interactors,
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我们是社友，
06:22
the youngest department
of Rotary International.
of Rotary International.
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我们组成了国际扶轮社
最年轻的部门。
最年轻的部门。
IW：我们也学到很多关于耐心的东西，
06:26
IW: But we have also learned
much about patience,
much about patience,
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06:29
MW: how to deal with frustrations,
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MW：如何处理挫折，
IW：领导力，
06:32
IW: leadership,
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06:33
MW: teamwork,
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MW：团队合作，
IW：友谊，
06:34
IW: friendship,
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MW：我们也学到更多的关于
巴厘岛人民以及他们的文化的东西。
巴厘岛人民以及他们的文化的东西。
06:35
MW: we learned more
about the Balinese and their culture
about the Balinese and their culture
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06:38
IW: and we learned
about the importance of commitment.
about the importance of commitment.
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IW：我们也学到了承诺的重要性。
MW：过程并不总是顺利的。
06:42
MW: It's not always easy.
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06:43
Sometimes it does get
a little bit hard to walk your talk.
a little bit hard to walk your talk.
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有时候，要实践你说过的话
确实会有点困难，
确实会有点困难，
IW：但在去年，我们真的做到了。
06:47
IW: But last year, we did exactly that.
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我们去印度演讲，
06:50
We went to India to give a talk,
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06:52
and our parents took us to visit
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然后我们的父母带我们去拜访
06:53
the former private house
of Mahatma Gandhi.
of Mahatma Gandhi.
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以前圣雄甘地的私人住所。
我们学到了绝食抗议的力量，
06:57
We learned about the power
of hunger strikes
of hunger strikes
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他的确达成了他的目标。
06:59
he did to reach his goals.
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是的，就在旅行结束前，
07:01
Yes, by the end of the tour,
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当我们再次与父母亲碰面时，
07:03
when we met our parents again,
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我们两个做了相同的一个决定
并跟他们说，
并跟他们说，
07:05
we both made a decision and said,
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07:06
"We're going on a hunger strike!"
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“我们要绝食抗议！”
（笑声）
07:08
(Laughter)
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MW：你们大概可以到想像到
他们惊讶的表情。
他们惊讶的表情。
07:09
MW: And you can probably
imagine their faces.
imagine their faces.
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我们说服了好久，
07:12
It took a lot of convincing,
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07:14
and not only to our parents
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不只我们的父母，
还包括我们的朋友及老师。
07:16
but to our friends
and to our teachers as well.
and to our teachers as well.
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伊莎贝尔和我都很认真看待这件事。
07:19
Isabel and I were serious
about doing this.
about doing this.
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所以，我们跟一位营养师碰面，
07:22
So we met with a nutritionist,
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07:24
and we came up with a compromise
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然后我们达成了共识，
07:26
of not eating from sunrise
to sunset every day
to sunset every day
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每天日落到日出都不吃东西，
07:30
until the governor of Bali
would agree to meet with us
would agree to meet with us
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直到巴厘岛政府愿意见我们
07:32
to talk about how to stop
plastic bags on Bali.
plastic bags on Bali.
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来讨论如何阻止在巴厘岛上使用塑料袋。
IW：我们的用印度语叫做
“mogak makan”的绝食抗议，
“mogak makan”的绝食抗议，
07:37
IW: Our "mogak makan,"
as it is called in Bahasa Indonesia,
as it is called in Bahasa Indonesia,
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开始了。
07:41
started.
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07:42
We used social media to support our goal
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我们运用社交媒体来支持我们的行动，
07:44
and already on day two,
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就在第二天，
07:46
police started to come
to our home and school.
to our home and school.
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警察就到了我们的家里和学校。
这两个女孩在搞什么？
07:48
What were these two girls doing?
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07:51
We knew we weren't making
the governor look his best
the governor look his best
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我们知道我们不能藉由绝食抗议
来要求政府做事——
07:54
by doing this food strike --
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这样我们可能会坐牢。
07:55
we could have gone to jail.
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07:57
But, hey, it worked.
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但是，你看，有效了，
24 小时之后，
07:59
Twenty-four hours later,
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我们从学校被带走，
08:00
we were picked up from school
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08:02
and escorted to the office
of the governor.
of the governor.
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然后被护送到政府办公室，
MW：而他就在那——
08:05
MW: And there he was --
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08:06
(Applause)
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（掌声）
在等着跟我们见面说话，
08:09
waiting for us to meet and speak,
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他全力支持和感谢
08:11
being all supportive
and thankful for our willingness
and thankful for our willingness
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08:13
to care for the beauty
and the environment of Bali.
and the environment of Bali.
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我们对巴厘岛的环境与美丽
所付出的努力和关心。
所付出的努力和关心。
他签署了一项承诺，
08:16
He signed a promise
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来帮助巴厘岛人民“向塑料袋说再见”。
08:17
to help the people of Bali
say no to plastic bags.
say no to plastic bags.
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08:20
And we are now friends,
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现在我们是朋友了，
而且我们还定期地
08:21
and on a regular basis,
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提醒他及他的团队他所承诺的事。
08:23
we remind him and his team
of the promises he has made.
of the promises he has made.
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而且真的，
08:27
And indeed,
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最近他公开表示并承诺，
08:28
recently he stated and committed
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08:30
that Bali will be
plastic bag free by 2018.
plastic bag free by 2018.
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到2018年，巴厘岛将会是个
无塑料袋的岛。
无塑料袋的岛。
08:35
(Applause)
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（掌声）
IW：而且，我们的支持者之一，
巴厘岛国际机场
巴厘岛国际机场
08:43
IW: Also, at the International Airport
of Bali, one of our supporters
of Bali, one of our supporters
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计划在2016年前完成无塑料袋政策。
08:48
is planning to start
a plastic bag-free policy by 2016.
a plastic bag-free policy by 2016.
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MW：别再分发免费的塑料袋了，
08:53
MW: Stop handing out free plastic bags
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携带自己的可重复使用的袋子，
08:55
and bring in your own reusable bag
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08:56
is our next message to change
that mindset of the public.
that mindset of the public.
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是我们下一个要改变大众观念的讯息。
IW：我们的短期活动，
09:01
IW: Our short-term campaign,
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“同一座岛，同一个声音”
09:03
"One Island / One Voice,"
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09:04
is all about this.
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就是关于这些的。
09:06
We check and recognize
the shops and restaurants
the shops and restaurants
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我们会检查并认证
哪些是由它们自己申明的
哪些是由它们自己申明的
09:08
that have declared themselves
a plastic bag-free zone,
a plastic bag-free zone,
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无塑料袋区的商店与餐厅，
然后我们会在他们的入口处
贴上这个贴纸，
贴上这个贴纸，
09:11
and we put this sticker at their entrance
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09:14
and publish their names on social media
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并在社交媒体及巴厘岛重要的杂志上
09:16
and some important magazines on Bali.
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公布他们的店名。
09:18
And conversely,
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反之，
这样就会凸显那些没有贴纸的店家。
09:20
that highlights those
who do not have the sticker.
who do not have the sticker.
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09:22
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:24
MW: So, why are we actually
telling you all of this?
telling you all of this?
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MW：那么，为什么我们一定要
告诉你们这些呢？
告诉你们这些呢？
好吧，其中一部分原因是
09:28
Well, partly, it is because we are proud
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09:30
of the results that,
together with our team,
together with our team,
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我们对我们一起合作
所达成的这样的成果，
所达成的这样的成果，
感到很自豪。
09:32
we have been able to reach.
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但也有部分原因是，
09:34
But also because along the way,
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我们学到了小孩也能做有意义的事。
09:36
we have learned that kids can do things.
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我们能让事情成真。
09:39
We can make things happen.
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伊莎贝尔和我开始做这件事的时候
09:41
Isabel and I were only 10 and 12 years old
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分别只有10岁和12岁。
09:44
when we started this.
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09:45
We never had a business plan,
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我们从来没做过商业计划，
09:48
nor a fixed strategy,
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我们没有固定的策略，
09:49
nor any hidden agendas --
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也没有隐瞒的议程——
我们仅仅有我们眼前的一个理想，
09:51
just the idea in front of us
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09:53
and a group of friends working with us.
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以及一群和我们一起奋斗的好伙伴。
09:56
All we wanted to do
was stop those plastic bags
was stop those plastic bags
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我们要做的就是要
停止这些塑料袋
停止这些塑料袋
09:58
from wrapping and suffocating
our beautiful home.
our beautiful home.
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继续包围破坏我们美丽的家园。
对于做世界需求的改变者，
10:01
Kids have a boundless energy
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孩子们有无穷的能量和动力。
10:03
and a motivation to be the change
the world needs.
the world needs.
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10:08
IW: So to all the kids of this beautiful
but challenging world:
but challenging world:
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IW：所以我们想给在这个美丽又充满挑战的
世界上所有小孩一句话：
世界上所有小孩一句话：
去做吧！
10:13
go for it!
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10:14
Make that difference.
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去做些不一样的事。
我们不会告诉你这会很简单。
10:17
We're not telling you
it's going to be easy.
it's going to be easy.
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10:19
We're telling you
it's going to be worth it.
it's going to be worth it.
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我们会告诉你，这很值得。
10:22
Us kids may only be 25 percent
of the world's population,
of the world's population,
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我们小孩子虽然仅占
世界上25%的人口，
世界上25%的人口，
但我们才是100%的未来。
10:26
but we are 100 percent of the future.
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10:31
MW: We still have a lot of work to do,
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MW：我们仍有很多事要做，
10:33
but know that we still not stop
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但即使知道如此，我们也不会停下来，
10:35
until the first question asked
when arriving at the Bali airports will be
when arriving at the Bali airports will be
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直到您抵达巴厘岛机场时，被问
到的第一个问题是：
到的第一个问题是：
两人：“欢迎来到巴厘岛，
10:40
Both: "Welcome to Bali,
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你有要记录的塑料袋吗？”
10:42
do you have nay plastic bags to declare?"
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（笑声）
10:44
(Laughter)
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唵镶锑镶锑镶锑唵。
(愿宇宙万物和平)
(愿宇宙万物和平)
10:45
Om shanti shanti shanti om.
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谢谢！
10:48
Thank you.
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（掌声）
10:49
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Melati and Isabel Wijsen - ActivistsSisters Melati and Isabel Wijsen are on a mission to ban plastic bags in Bali.
Why you should listen
Inspired by similar measures in other parts of the world, Melati and Isabel Wijsen launched the campaign Bye Bye Plastic Bags in 2013, which received worldwide support -- and recently succeeded in getting the island’s governor to commit to a ban by 2018. The two sisters, who frequent the environmentally minded Green School along with a crew of likely motivated kids, continue to ask the question: How can they make a difference in the world?
More profile about the speakerMelati and Isabel Wijsen | Speaker | TED.com