TED2008
Dean Ornish: Your genes are not your fate
Dean Ornish hovorí, že vaše gény nie sú vaším osudom.
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Dean Ornish predstavuje nový výskum vysvetľujúci ako môže osvojenie si zdravých životných návykov ovplyvniť človeka na genetickej úrovni. Hovorí, že zdravší život, kvalitnejšia strava, cvičenie a milovanie prispievajú k rastu mozgových buniek.
Dean Ornish - Physician, author
Dean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes. Full bio
Dean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
One way to change our genes is to make new ones,
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Jeden spôsob ako zmeniť naše gény je vyrobiť nové,
00:14
as Craig Venter has so elegantly shown.
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ako už Craig Venter vkusne dokázal.
00:16
Another is to change our lifestyles.
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Ďalší spôsob je zmeniť náš životný štýl.
00:19
And what we're learning is how powerful and dynamic these changes can be,
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Zisťujeme, aké silné a dynamické tieto zmeny môžu byť
00:23
that you don't have to wait very long to see the benefits.
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a to ani nemusíte čakať príliš dlho, kým uvidíte výsledky.
00:26
When you eat healthier, manage stress, exercise and love more,
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Keď jete zdravšie, zvládate stres, cvičíte a viac ľúbite,
00:31
your brain actually gets more blood flow and more oxygen.
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váš mozog sa viac prekrvuje a dostáva viac kyslíka.
00:33
But more than that, your brain gets measurably bigger.
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Váš mozog sa dokonca viditeľne zväčšuje.
00:36
Things that were thought impossible just a few years ago
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Veci, o ktorých sa len pred pár rokmi predpokladalo, že sú nemožné,
00:38
can actually be measured now.
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je dnes možné zmerať.
00:40
This was figured out by Robin Williams
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Na toto prišiel Robin Williams
00:43
a few years before the rest of us.
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niekoľko rokov pred tým, než my ostatní.
00:45
Now, there's some things that you can do
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Je niekoľko vecí, ktoré môžete robiť,
00:47
to make your brain grow new brain cells.
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aby ste prinútili váš mozog tvoriť nové mozgové bunky.
00:50
Some of my favorite things, like chocolate and tea, blueberries,
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Moje najobľúbenejšie sú veci ako čokoláda, čaj, čučoriedky,
00:52
alcohol in moderation, stress management
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alkohol v rozumnom množstve, zvládanie stresu
00:56
and cannabinoids found in marijuana.
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a canabinoidy nachádzajúce sa v marihuane.
00:58
I'm just the messenger.
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Len sprostredkúvam informácie.
01:01
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
01:04
What were we just talking about?
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O čom sme to hovorili?
01:07
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
01:09
And other things that can make it worse,
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Iné veci môžu stav zhoršiť
01:11
that can cause you to lose brain cells.
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a spôsobiť stratu mozgových buniek.
01:13
The usual suspects, like saturated fat and sugar,
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Zvyčajní podozriví sú nasýtené tuky a cukry,
01:16
nicotine, opiates, cocaine, too much alcohol and chronic stress.
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nikotín, opiáty, kokaín, príliš veľa alkoholu a chronický stres.
01:20
Your skin gets more blood flow when you change your lifestyle,
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Vaša koža sa prekrvuje viac, keď meníte životný stýl,
01:23
so you age less quickly. Your skin doesn't wrinkle as much.
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takže starnete pomalšie, vaša pokožka až tak nevráskavie.
01:26
Your heart gets more blood flow.
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Vašim srdcom tiež prúdi viac krvi.
01:28
We've shown that you can actually reverse heart disease.
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Dokázali sme, že môžete zvrátiť choroby srdca.
01:30
That these clogged arteries that you see on the upper left,
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Tieto upchaté tepny, ktoré vidíte vľavo hore,
01:33
after only a year become measurably less clogged.
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boli len po roku výrazne priechodnejšie.
01:35
And the cardiac PET scan shown on the lower left,
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Vyšetrenie srdca pozitrónovou emisnou tomografiou vľavo dole,
01:37
the blue means no blood flow.
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modrá znamená žiadny prietok krvi.
01:39
A year later -- orange and white is maximum blood flow.
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O rok neskôr -- oranžová a biela indikujú maximálny tok krvi.
01:42
We've shown you may be able to stop and reverse the progression
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Dokázali sme, že môžete zastaviť a zvrátiť vývoj
01:45
of early prostate cancer and, by extension, breast cancer,
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začínajúcej rakoviny prostaty, ale aj rakoviny prsníka.
01:47
simply by making these changes.
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Iba vďaka takýmto zmenám.
01:49
We've found that tumor growth in vitro was inhibited
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Zistili sme, že rast nádoru v skúmavke bol spomalený
01:52
70 percent in the group that made these changes,
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o 70 percent v skupine, ktorá urobila takéto zmeny,
01:54
whereas only nine percent in the comparison group.
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zatiaľ čo iba o 9 percent v porovnávacej skupine.
01:57
These differences were highly significant.
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Tieto rozdiely boli veľmi výrazné.
01:59
Even your sexual organs get more blood flow,
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Aj vaše pohlavné orgány sa prekrvujú viac,
02:01
so you increase sexual potency.
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takže si môžete zvýšiť sexuálnu potenciu.
02:03
One of the most effective anti-smoking ads was done
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Jedna z najefektívnejších protifajčiarskych reklám bola vyrobená
02:05
by the Department of Health Services,
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ministerstvom zdravotníctva.
02:07
showing that nicotine, which constricts your arteries,
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Ukazovala, že nikotín, ktorý zužuje vaše tepny,
02:09
can cause a heart attack or a stroke,
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môže spôsobiť srdcový infarkt alebo mozgovú príhodu,
02:11
but it also causes impotence.
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a takisto spôsobuje impotenciu.
02:13
Half of guys who smoke are impotent.
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Polovica mužov fajčiarov sú impotenti.
02:15
How sexy is that?
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To už je aké príťažlivé?
02:16
Now we're also about to publish a study --
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Chystáme sa zverejniť štúdiu,
02:18
the first study showing you can change gene expression in men with prostate cancer.
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ktorá dokazuje, že môžete zmeniť vyjadrenie génov u mužov s rakovinou prostaty.
02:21
This is what's called a heat map --
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Tomuto hovoríme tepelná mapa.
02:23
and the different colors -- and along the side, on the right, are different genes.
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Vidíme rôzne farby, po stranách napravo sú rozdielne gény.
02:26
And we found that over 500 genes were favorably changed --
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Zistili sme, že vyše 500 génov bolo priaznivo zmenených.
02:29
in effect, turning on the good genes, the disease-preventing genes,
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Teda gény, ktoré pôsobia ako prevencia pred ochorením boli zapnuté;
02:32
turning off the disease-promoting genes.
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gény, ktoré ochorenie spôsobujú boli vypnuté.
02:36
And so these findings I think are really very powerful,
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A tak si myslím, že tieto zistenia sú veľmi významné,
02:39
giving many people new hope and new choices.
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pretože dávajú mnohým ľuďom novú nádej a možnosti.
02:41
And companies like Navigenics and DNA Direct and 23andMe,
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Spoločnosti ako Navigenix, DNA Direct a 23andMe,
02:46
that are giving you your genetic profiles,
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ktoré vám poskytnú váš genetický profil,
02:49
are giving some people a sense of, "Gosh, well, what can I do about it?"
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dávajú niektorým ľuďom možnosť opýtať sa ´Bože, čo s tým môžem urobiť?´.
02:52
Well, our genes are not our fate, and if we make these changes --
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Naše gény nie sú našim osudom; ak urobíme určité zmeny,
02:55
they're a predisposition -- but if we make bigger changes
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sú náchylné na poruchy. Ale ak urobím ešte väčšie zmeny,
02:57
than we might have made otherwise,
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ktoré by sme možno inak neurobili,
02:59
we can actually change how our genes are expressed.
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môžme pozmeniť vyjadrenie našich génov.
03:02
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
03:03
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dean Ornish - Physician, authorDean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes.
Why you should listen
Dr. Dean Ornish wants you to live longer, and have more fun while you're at it. He's one of the leading voices in the medical community promoting a balanced, holistic approach to health, and proving that it works. The author of Eat More, Weigh Less and several other best-selling books, Ornish is best known for his lifestyle-based approach to fighting heart disease.
His research at the Preventive Medicine Research Institute (the nonprofit he founded) clinically demonstrated that cardiovascular illnesses -- and, most recently prostate cancer -- can be treated and even reversed through diet and exercise. These findings (once thought to be physiologically implausible) have been widely chronicled in the US media, including Newsweek, for which Ornish writes a column. The fifty-something physician, who's received many honors and awards, was chosen by LIFE Magazine as one of the most influential members of his generation. Among his many pursuits, Ornish is now working with food corporations to help stop America's obesity pandemic from spreading around the globe.
Dean Ornish | Speaker | TED.com