TED2009
Arthur Benjamin: Teach statistics before calculus!
Arthur Benjamin a jeho návod na zmenu výučby matematiky
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Často sa učiteľov matematiky pýtajú: "Použijeme niekedy derivácie a integrály v skutočnom živote?" A pre väčšinu z nás, ako hovorí Arthur Benjamin, je odpoveď nie. Arthur ponúka odvážny návrh, ako dať matematiku do súvisu s digitálnou dobou.
Arthur Benjamin - Mathemagician
Using daring displays of algorithmic trickery, lightning calculator and number wizard Arthur Benjamin mesmerizes audiences with mathematical mystery and beauty. Full bio
Using daring displays of algorithmic trickery, lightning calculator and number wizard Arthur Benjamin mesmerizes audiences with mathematical mystery and beauty. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Now, if President Obama
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Ak by ma prezident Obama
00:15
invited me to be the next Czar of Mathematics,
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pozval, aby som bol novým Cárom matematiky,
00:19
then I would have a suggestion for him
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navrhol by som mu niečo,
00:22
that I think would vastly improve
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čo by podľa mňa výrazne zlepšilo
00:24
the mathematics education in this country.
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výučbu matematiky v tejto krajine.
00:27
And it would be easy to implement
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A bolo by to jednoduché uskutočniť
00:29
and inexpensive.
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a celkom lacné.
00:31
The mathematics curriculum that we have
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Matematické školské osnovy, ktoré máme
00:33
is based on a foundation of arithmetic and algebra.
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sú postavené na aritmetike a algebre.
00:37
And everything we learn after that
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A všetko čo sa naučíme potom
00:39
is building up towards one subject.
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vedie k jedinému predmetu.
00:42
And at top of that pyramid, it's calculus.
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A navrchu tej pyramídy sú derivácie a integrály.
00:46
And I'm here to say
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A preto som dnes tu, aby som povedal
00:48
that I think that that is the wrong summit of the pyramid ...
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že podľa mňa je to nesprávny vrch pyramídy...
00:52
that the correct summit -- that all of our students,
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že ten správny vrch -- ktorý by mali všetci študenti,
00:54
every high school graduate should know --
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a každý absolvent strednej školy poznať --
00:56
should be statistics:
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je štatistika:
00:59
probability and statistics.
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pravdepodobnosť a štatistika.
01:01
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
01:03
I mean, don't get me wrong. Calculus is an important subject.
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Nechcem, aby ste ma zle chápali. Derivácie a integrály sú tiež dôležité.
01:07
It's one of the great products of the human mind.
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Je to jeden z úžasných výsledkov ľudskej mysle.
01:09
The laws of nature are written in the language of calculus.
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Aj prírodné zákony sú písané týmto matematickým jazykom.
01:13
And every student who studies math, science, engineering, economics,
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A každý študent študujúci matematiku, vedu, inžinierstvo, ekonomiku,
01:17
they should definitely learn calculus
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by sa mal rozhodne naučiť derivovať aj integrovať
01:19
by the end of their freshman year of college.
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najneskôr v prvom ročníku univerzity.
01:21
But I'm here to say, as a professor of mathematics,
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Ale ako profesor matematiky musím povedať,
01:24
that very few people actually use calculus
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že veľmi málo ľudí tieto vedomosti používa
01:28
in a conscious, meaningful way, in their day-to-day lives.
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vedome a plnohodnotne v každodennom živote.
01:31
On the other hand,
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Na druhej strane,
01:33
statistics -- that's a subject that you could,
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štatistika -- to je predmet, ktorý môžete
01:36
and should, use on daily basis. Right?
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a mali by ste používať denno denne.
01:39
It's risk. It's reward. It's randomness.
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Ide o riziko, o odmenu, o náhodu.
01:42
It's understanding data.
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Ide o porozumenie informácií.
01:44
I think if our students, if our high school students --
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Myslím, že keby naši študenti, keby naši stredoškoláci --
01:46
if all of the American citizens --
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keby všetci občania --
01:48
knew about probability and statistics,
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poznali pravdepodobnosť a štatistiku,
01:51
we wouldn't be in the economic mess that we're in today. (Laughter) (Applause)
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neboli by sme v ekonomickej kríze, v ktorej dnes sme.
01:54
Not only -- thank you -- not only that ...
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Nielen to -- ďakujem -- nielen to...
01:57
but if it's taught properly, it can be a lot of fun.
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keď sa učí správnym spôsobom, tak to človeka strašne baví.
02:00
I mean, probability and statistics,
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Teda chcem povedať, že pravdepodobnosť a štatistika,
02:02
it's the mathematics of games and gambling.
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to je matematika hier a špekulovania
02:06
It's analyzing trends. It's predicting the future.
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Je to analýza trendov. Predpovedanie budúcnosti.
02:10
Look, the world has changed
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Pozrite, svet sa zmenil
02:12
from analog to digital.
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z analógového na digitálny.
02:15
And it's time for our mathematics curriculum to change
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A je čas, aby sa naše školské osnovy zmenili
02:18
from analog to digital,
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z analógových na digitálne.
02:20
from the more classical, continuous mathematics,
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Z viac klasickej, spojitej matematiky
02:24
to the more modern, discrete mathematics --
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na viac modernú, nespojitú matematiku.
02:27
the mathematics of uncertainty,
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Matematiku neistoty,
02:29
of randomness, of data --
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náhodnosti, informácií --
02:31
that being probability and statistics.
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a to je pravdepodobnosť a štatistika.
02:34
In summary, instead of our students
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V skratke, namiesto toho, aby sa naši študenti
02:36
learning about the techniques of calculus,
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učili derivovať a integrovať
02:39
I think it would be far more significant
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myslím, že by bolo oveľa prínosnejšie,
02:42
if all of them knew what two standard deviations
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keby všetci vedeli, aký majú dve smerodajné odchýlky
02:45
from the mean means. And I mean it.
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od priemeru význam. A myslím, že to má význam.
02:48
Thank you very much.
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Ďakujem veľmi pekne.
02:50
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Arthur Benjamin - MathemagicianUsing daring displays of algorithmic trickery, lightning calculator and number wizard Arthur Benjamin mesmerizes audiences with mathematical mystery and beauty.
Why you should listen
Arthur Benjamin makes numbers dance. In his day job, he's a professor of math at Harvey Mudd College; in his other day job, he's a "Mathemagician," taking the stage in his tuxedo to perform high-speed mental calculations, memorizations and other astounding math stunts. It's part of his drive to teach math and mental agility in interesting ways, following in the footsteps of such heroes as Martin Gardner.
Benjamin is the co-author, with Michael Shermer, of Secrets of Mental Math (which shares his secrets for rapid mental calculation), as well as the co-author of the MAA award-winning Proofs That Really Count: The Art of Combinatorial Proof. For a glimpse of his broad approach to math, see the list of research talks on his website, which seesaws between high-level math (such as his "Vandermonde's Determinant and Fibonacci SAWs," presented at MIT in 2004) and engaging math talks for the rest of us ("An Amazing Mathematical Card Trick").
Arthur Benjamin | Speaker | TED.com