ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tony Fadell - Product creator
As the originator of the iPod, Tony Fadell is no stranger to disruptive technology. With Nest, he’s zeroed in on tech’s most elusive targets: household appliances.

Why you should listen

Tony Fadell became a tech superstar as a colleague of Steve Jobs and developer of the iPod, which rejuvenated Apple, rebooted entire industries and changed the way the world consumes entertainment.

After leaving Apple, Fadell founded Nest on a familiar experience -- frustration with household technology, still resolutely frozen in the 20th century. With its first products, Nest has brought the modern household one step closer to becoming a truly connected “smarthome.” In January 2014, Nest became Google’s second-biggest acquisition to date, positioning both companies to become revolutionary players in home technology.

More profile about the speaker
Tony Fadell | Speaker | TED.com
TED2015

Tony Fadell: The first secret of design is ... noticing

托尼·法戴爾: 設計的首要秘技是……察覺能力

Filmed:
2,938,799 views

我們人類很快就對「事物的既定軌跡」習以為常。但對於設計師來講,事物的既定軌跡意味著機會……事物能否變得更好?怎樣做到?在此風趣活潑的演講中,iPod 和Nest 恆溫器產品背後的這個男人,與我們分享通過察覺來改變事物的竅門。
- Product creator
As the originator of the iPod, Tony Fadell is no stranger to disruptive technology. With Nest, he’s zeroed in on tech’s most elusive targets: household appliances. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
In the great 1980s movie電影
"The Blues藍調 Brothers兄弟,"
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1980 年代一部很贊的電影
《福祿雙霸天》
00:16
there's a scene現場 where John約翰 Belushi貝魯西
goes to visit訪問 Dan Aykroyd艾克羅伊德 in his apartment公寓
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當中有一幕是約翰·貝魯奇
第一次去拜訪
00:21
in Chicago芝加哥 for the very first time.
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丹·艾克洛德在芝加哥的家。
00:24
It's a cramped狹窄, tiny space空間
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屋子又窄又小,
00:26
and it's just three feet away
from the train培養 tracks軌道.
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三尺之外就是火車軌道。
00:30
As John約翰 sits坐鎮 on Dan's bed,
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約翰坐在丹的床上,
00:32
a train培養 goes rushing by,
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一列火車快速駛過,
00:34
rattling劍拔弩張 everything in the room房間.
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整個屋子裡的東西都晃動起來。
00:37
John約翰 asks, "How often經常 does
that train培養 go by?"
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約翰問:「火車駛過有多頻繁?」
00:40
Dan replies回复, "So often經常, you won't慣於
even notice注意 it."
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丹就回答:「很頻繁,
頻繁到你根本不會察覺。」
00:45
And then, something falls下降 off the wall.
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然後,有東西從牆上掉下來。
00:49
We all know what he's talking about.
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我們懂他指的是什麼。
00:51
As human人的 beings眾生, we get used
to everyday每天 things
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我們人類,
對日常事物習慣得相當迅速。
00:53
really fast快速.
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00:55
As a product產品 designer設計師,
it's my job工作 to see those everyday每天 things,
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作為一名產品設計師,
我的職責是察看日常事物,
00:58
to feel them, and try
to improve提高 upon them.
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感受、然後試著改善這些事物。
01:03
For example, see this piece of fruit水果?
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譬如,看到這個水果嗎?
01:08
See this little sticker貼紙?
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看見這個小標籤嗎?
01:11
That sticker貼紙 wasn't there
when I was a kid孩子.
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我小的時候,
根本沒有這樣標籤。
01:14
But somewhere某處 as the years年份 passed通過,
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但隨著歲月的流逝,在某個地方
01:16
someone有人 had the bright idea理念
to put that sticker貼紙 on the fruit水果.
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有某位人士想法很了不起
將這小標籤黏在水果上。
01:19
Why?
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目的是什麼?
01:20
So it could be easier更輕鬆 for us
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目的是方便我們
01:21
to check out
at the grocery雜貨 counter計數器.
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在商店櫃檯過機。
01:23
Well that's great,
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這很棒,
01:24
we can get in and out of
the store商店 quickly很快.
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我們可以快速購物。
01:26
But now, there's a new problem問題.
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但現在有一個新的問題。
01:29
When we get home and we're hungry飢餓
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當我們到家,肚子餓壞了,
01:31
and we see this ripe成熟, juicy多汁 piece
of fruit水果 on the counter計數器,
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我們看見桌上這個豐富多汁的水果,
01:34
we just want to pick it up
and eat it.
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我們想拿起就吃。
01:37
Except now, we have to look
for this little sticker貼紙.
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不過現在,我們得找出這個小標籤。
01:42
And dig at it with our nails釘子,
damaging有害 the flesh.
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用手指甲把它挖出來,
同時也破壞了果肉。
01:46
Then rolling壓延 up that sticker貼紙 --
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然後捲起這個小標籤——
01:48
you know what I mean.
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你懂我的。
01:49
And then trying to flick拂去
it off your fingers手指.
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然後試著把它甩走。
01:51
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
01:56
It's not fun開玩笑,
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不好玩。
01:57
not at all.
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一點都不好玩。
01:59
But something interesting有趣 happened發生.
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但有趣的事情發生了。
02:01
See the first time you did it,
you probably大概 felt those feelings情懷.
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看,你第一次經歷時,
你可能有上述的感想。
02:05
You just wanted to eat the piece of fruit水果.
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你不過想吃掉這個水果。
02:07
You felt upset煩亂.
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你覺得不爽。
02:08
You just wanted to dive潛水 in.
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你只想一口咬下去。
02:10
By the 10th time,
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但經歷過十次之後,
02:12
you started開始 to become成為 less upset煩亂
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你就開始習慣了
02:14
and you just started開始 peeling去皮
the label標籤 off.
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然後你就開始把標籤摘掉。
02:18
By the 100th time,
at least最小 for me,
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經歷過 100 次之後,
至少對於我來說,
02:20
I became成為 numb麻木 to it.
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我開始對此麻木了。
02:22
I simply只是 picked採摘的 up the piece of fruit水果,
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我只會簡單拿起這水果,
02:25
dug at it with my nails釘子,
tried試著 to flick拂去 it off,
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用指甲挖走標籤,
試著把它甩走,
02:29
and then wondered想知道,
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然後就想,
02:30
"Was there another另一個 sticker貼紙?"
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「還有第二個標籤嗎?」
02:35
So why is that?
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為什麼會這樣?
02:36
Why do we get used to everyday每天 things?
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為什麼我們
會對日常事物習以為常?
02:39
Well as human人的 beings眾生,
we have limited有限 brain power功率.
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作為人類,我們的腦力有限。
02:42
And so our brains大腦 encode編碼 the
everyday每天 things we do into habits習慣
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因此我們的大腦內化
我們經常做的日常事物,
02:47
so we can free自由 up space空間
to learn學習 new things.
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這樣我們就可以騰出空間
去學習新的東西。
02:50
It's a process處理 called habituation習慣
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這個內化過程叫「習慣化」
02:52
and it's one of the most basic基本 ways方法,
as humans人類, we learn學習.
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這是我們人類最基本的
學習方式之一。
02:57
Now, habituation習慣 isn't always bad.
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其實,習慣化不總是壞事。
03:00
Remember記得 learning學習 to drive駕駛?
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記不記得學開車?
03:03
I sure do.
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我當然記得。
03:04
Your hands clenched握緊 at 10 and 2
on the wheel,
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雙手緊抓方向盤的
十點鐘和兩點鐘方向,
03:08
looking at every一切 single
object目的 out there --
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觀察著外面的每樣事物——
03:10
the cars汽車, the lights燈火, the pedestrians行人.
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車輛、燈光、行人。
03:13
It's a nerve-wracking傷腦筋 experience經驗.
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這經歷相當神經緊張。
03:16
So much so, that I couldn't不能 even
talk to anyone任何人 else其他 in the car汽車
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緊張得不行,緊張得
無法跟車裡的人聊天
03:20
and I couldn't不能 even listen to music音樂.
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甚至連音樂也聽不進去。
03:22
But then something interesting有趣 happened發生.
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但是有趣的事情發生了。
03:24
As the weeks went by,
driving主動 became成為 easier更輕鬆 and easier更輕鬆.
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數週之後,開車變得越來越簡單。
03:30
You habituated習慣於 it.
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你習慣開車了。
03:32
It started開始 to become成為
fun開玩笑 and second第二 nature性質.
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開車變得有趣了,
成了你的第二天性。
03:35
And then, you could talk
to your friends朋友 again
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你又可以跟車裡的朋友聊天
03:37
and listen to music音樂.
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可以在車裡聽音樂。
03:38
So there's a good reason原因 why
our brains大腦 habituate習慣於 things.
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所以我們的大腦習慣化事情
是好事。
03:41
If we didn't, we'd星期三 notice注意
every一切 little detail詳情,
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如果我們不去習慣,
我們得每時每刻都關注著
03:44
all the time.
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每樣瑣碎的細節。
03:46
It would be exhausting辛苦,
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這樣得多費神,
03:48
and we'd星期三 have no time
to learn學習 about new things.
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我們就沒有時間去學習新事物。
03:52
But sometimes有時,
habituation習慣 isn't good.
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但有時習慣化不是好事。
03:56
If it stops停止 us from noticing注意到
the problems問題 that are around us,
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如果習慣讓我們
無法留神身邊的問題,
03:59
well, that's bad.
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那就不妙了。
04:01
And if it stops停止 us from noticing注意到
and fixing定影 those problems問題,
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如果習慣讓我們無法
注意、解決這些問題,
04:04
well, then that's really bad.
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那就真不妙。
04:07
Comedians喜劇演員 know all about this.
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喜劇演員懂得這個道理。
04:09
Jerry傑瑞 Seinfeld's宋飛的 entire整個 career事業 was built內置
on noticing注意到 those little details細節,
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傑里·賽恩菲爾德的整個演藝生涯
就是建立在注意細節上,
04:14
those idiotic things we do every一切 day
that we don't even remember記得.
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我們每天都做的蠢事,
自己也記不得。
04:20
He tells告訴 us about the time
he visited參觀 his friends朋友
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他說有一次他去朋友家,
04:22
and he just wanted to take
a comfortable自在 shower淋浴.
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想洗一個舒服的澡。
04:25
He'd他會 reach達到 out and grab the handle處理
and turn it slightly one way,
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他伸手去抓住把手
稍微往一邊扭開,
04:28
and it was 100 degrees too hot.
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水燙得不行,
04:31
And then he'd他會 turn it the other way,
and it was 100 degrees too cold.
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然後他將把手調往另一邊,
水又變得太冷。
04:35
He just wanted a comfortable自在 shower淋浴.
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他不過想洗個舒服澡。
04:37
Now, we've我們已經 all been there,
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嗯,我們都有過這樣的經歷。
04:39
we just don't remember記得 it.
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只是記不住而已。
04:41
But Jerry傑瑞 did,
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但是傑里記住了,
04:43
and that's a comedian's喜劇演員的 job工作.
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這就是喜劇演員的工作。
04:45
But designers設計師, innovators創新
and entrepreneurs企業家,
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但是設計師、革新者、企業家,
04:48
it's our job工作 to not just notice注意
those things,
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我們的工作不只是注意到這些東西,
04:50
but to go one step further進一步
and try to fix固定 them.
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還要再邁一步,試著解決這些問題。
04:55
See this, this person,
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看,這個人,
04:56
this is Mary瑪麗 Anderson安德森.
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這是瑪麗·安德森。
04:58
In 1902 in New York紐約 City,
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1902 年她來到紐約。
05:00
she was visiting訪問.
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她去拜訪紐約。
05:03
It was a cold, wet, snowy似雪 day
and she was warm inside a streetcar電車.
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那天又冷又濕,雪下不停,
她在電車上挺暖和的。
05:09
As she was going to her destination目的地,
she noticed注意到 the driver司機 opening開盤 the window窗口
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列車前進時,
她注意到電車司機打開窗戶
05:14
to clean清潔 off the excess過量 snow
so he could drive駕駛 safely安然.
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去清理窗上堆積的雪
好讓他安全開車。
05:20
When he opened打開 the window窗口, though雖然,
he let all this cold, wet air空氣 inside,
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但是,當他打開車窗,
他讓滿面的冷濕空氣入侵,
05:23
making製造 all the passengers乘客 miserable.
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車上的乘客都痛苦不堪。
05:27
Now probably大概, most of those
passengers乘客 just thought,
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可能大部分乘客只會想:
05:30
"It's a fact事實 of life, he's got
to open打開 the window窗口 to clean清潔 it.
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「這就是人生,他得開窗清雪。」
05:33
That's just how it is."
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「很正常。」
05:35
But Mary瑪麗 didn't.
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但是瑪麗不這樣想。
05:36
Mary瑪麗 thought,
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瑪麗想:
05:38
"What if the diver潛水員 could actually其實 clean清潔
the windshield擋風玻璃 from the inside
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「要是司機可以從裡面清理車窗,
05:41
so that he could stay safe安全 and drive駕駛
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讓他可以安全駕駛,
05:45
and the passengers乘客 could
actually其實 stay warm?"
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也讓乘客不受寒侵?」
05:48
So she picked採摘的 up her sketchbook像片簿
right then and there,
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她馬上拿出掃描本,
05:51
and began開始 drawing畫畫 what would become成為
the world's世界 first windshield擋風玻璃 wiper雨刮器.
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開始描畫世界上第一個雨刮。
05:56
Now as a product產品 designer設計師,
I try to learn學習 from people like Mary瑪麗
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作為一名產品設計師,
我致力向像瑪麗那樣的人學習,
06:01
to try to see the world世界
the way it really is,
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致力觀察世界真正的運作方式,
06:03
not the way we think it is.
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而不老是理所當然。
06:06
Why?
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為什麼?
06:07
Because it's easy簡單 to solve解決 a problem問題
that almost幾乎 everyone大家 sees看到.
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因為人人都注意到的問題
很容易解決。
06:11
But it's hard to solve解決 a problem問題
that almost幾乎 no one sees看到.
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但是無人注意到的問題
很難解決。
06:16
Now some people think
you're born天生 with this ability能力
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有些人認為自己天生
有能力解決這些問題
06:19
or you're not,
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或者相反,
06:20
as if Mary瑪麗 Anderson安德森 was hardwired硬線 at birth分娩
to see the world世界 more clearly明確地.
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以為瑪麗·安德森天生異才
才看世界看得特別清楚。
06:26
That wasn't the case案件 for me.
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那不是我。
06:28
I had to work at it.
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我得花功夫。
06:31
During my years年份 at Apple蘋果,
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我在蘋果工作的那幾年,
06:34
Steve史蒂夫 Jobs工作 challenged挑戰 us
to come into work every一切 day,
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史蒂夫·賈伯斯會挑戰我們,
每天來上班,
06:39
to see our products製品 through通過
the eyes眼睛 of the customer顧客,
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讓我們從客戶的眼光
看自己的產品,
06:43
the new customer顧客,
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從新客戶的角度考慮,
06:44
the one that has fears恐懼
and possible可能 frustrations挫折
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新客戶會有恐懼、
可能感受過挫敗、
06:47
and hopeful有希望 exhilaration不亦樂乎 that their
new technology技術 product產品
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會興奮地期望
他們的新技術產品
06:50
could work straightaway馬上 for them.
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能夠為他們提供便捷服務。
06:53
He called it staying beginners初學者,
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賈伯斯稱之為「保持初始心態」,
06:55
and wanted to make sure that we
focused重點 on those tiny little details細節
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他想確保我們專注微小細節,
06:59
to make them faster更快, easier更輕鬆 and seamless無縫
for the new customers顧客.
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給新客戶呈現
更快、更簡單、更無暇的產品。
07:04
So I remember記得 this clearly明確地
in the very earliest最早 days of the iPodiPod的.
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我清楚記得剛開發 iPod 時
的這個經歷。
07:09
See, back in the '90s,
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90 年代的時候,
07:10
being存在 a gadget小工具 freak怪物 like I am,
142
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像我這樣喜歡科技產品的怪胎,
07:15
I would rush out to the store商店
for the very, very latest最新 gadget小工具.
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我會跑去商店
買最新最新的科技產品。
07:21
I'd take all the time to get to the store商店,
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我會專門花時間去商店,
07:23
I'd check out, I'd come back home,
I'd start開始 to unbox拆箱 it.
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付款之後,回到家,
我就開始拆包裝。
07:26
And then, there was
another另一個 little sticker貼紙:
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然後,上面又有一個小標籤:
07:30
the one that said, "Charge收費 before use."
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寫著:「使用前請充電」
07:34
What!
148
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什麼!
07:35
I can't believe it!
149
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難以置信!
07:36
I just spent花費 all this time
buying購買 this product產品
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我剛剛才花這麼多時間
去買這產品,
07:38
and now I have to charge收費 before use.
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現在我得充了電才能用。
07:40
I have to wait what felt like an eternity永恆
to use that coveted令人垂涎 new toy玩具.
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我得遙遙無期地等待,
等著使用這新寶貝。
07:45
It was crazy.
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簡直要瘋掉。
07:46
But you know what?
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但你知道嗎?
07:47
Almost幾乎 every一切 product產品 back then did that.
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那時候幾乎所有產品都這樣。
07:49
When it had batteries電池 in it,
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要是產品有電池,
07:51
you had to charge收費 it
before you used it.
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你得先充電才能使用。
07:54
Well, Steve史蒂夫 noticed注意到 that
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史蒂夫注意到了,
07:57
and he said,
159
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他說:
07:57
"We're not going to let that
happen發生 to our product產品."
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「我們不會讓這情況
出現在我們的產品上。」
08:00
So what did we do?
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我們怎麼做?
08:02
Typically通常, when you have a product產品
that has a hard drive駕駛 in it,
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一般,要是產品有硬碟,
08:05
you run it for about
30 minutes分鐘 in the factory
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就要在工廠內
讓產品運行 30 分鐘
08:08
to make sure that hard drive's驅動器 going
to be working加工 years年份 later後來
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以確保出售後,
客戶拆開包裝之後,
08:11
for the customer顧客 after they
pull it out of the box.
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硬碟仍能長期運作正常。
08:14
What did we do instead代替?
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我們又採取什麼辦法呢?
08:17
We ran that product產品 for over two hours小時.
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我們讓產品運作超過 2 小時。
08:19
Why?
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為什麼?
08:21
Well, first off, we could make
a higher更高 quality質量 product產品,
169
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首先,這樣我們可以生產
更高質量的產品,
08:24
be easy簡單 to test測試,
170
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讓產品易於測試,
08:26
and make sure it was great
for the customer顧客.
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並確保客戶喜歡這樣產品。
08:29
But most importantly重要的,
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但最重要的是,
08:31
the battery電池 came來了 fully充分 charged帶電
right out of the box,
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包裝裡的電池完全充滿電,
08:34
ready準備 to use.
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隨時都可用。
08:35
So that customer顧客,
with all that exhilaration不亦樂乎,
175
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這樣,充滿期待和歡喜的客戶
08:38
could just start開始 using運用 the product產品.
176
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就可以馬上使用產品。
08:40
It was great, and it worked工作.
177
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這辦法非常棒,很有效。
08:43
People liked喜歡 it.
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人們很喜歡。
08:44
Today今天, almost幾乎 every一切 product產品
that you get that's battery電池 powered動力
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今天,幾乎所有帶電池的產品
08:47
comes out of the box fully充分 charged帶電,
180
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打開時,電池都是充滿電的,
08:49
even if it doesn't have a hard drive駕駛.
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即使產品沒有硬碟。
08:52
But back then, we noticed注意到
that detail詳情 and we fixed固定 it,
182
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但在此之前,我們
注意到、處理了這個細節,
08:56
and now everyone大家 else其他 does that as well.
183
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而且現在所有人都這樣做。
08:59
No more, "Charge收費 before use."
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不再有「用前請充電」。
09:02
So why am I telling告訴 you this?
185
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為什麼我要講這件事?
09:04
Well, it's seeing眼看 the invisible無形 problem問題,
186
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這是關於看到無形的問題,
09:06
not just the obvious明顯 problem問題,
that's important重要,
187
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不只是明顯的問題,
這很重要,
09:11
not just for product產品 design設計,
but for everything we do.
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不僅對產品設計很重要,
對我們做的所有事情都很重要。
09:14
You see, there are invisible無形 problems問題
all around us,
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大家看,我們身邊有無形的問題,
09:18
ones那些 we can solve解決.
190
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我們可以解決的問題。
09:20
But first we need
to see them, to feel them.
191
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但首先我們要
看到、感覺到這些問題。
09:24
So, I'm hesitant to give you any tips提示
192
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1968
我不確定是否要向各位
09:26
about neuroscience神經科學 or psychology心理學.
193
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提供神經學或心理學上的小建議。
09:29
There's far too many許多 experienced有經驗的 people
in the TEDTED community社區
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TED 的圈子裡有太多的能人異士,
09:32
who would know much more
about that than I ever will.
195
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3394
他們對這方面的了解
遠超我所能。
09:36
But let me leave離開 you with
a few少數 tips提示 that I do,
196
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但讓我留給大家
我的一些實踐建議,
09:38
that we all can do,
to fight鬥爭 habituation習慣.
197
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3673
大家都可用這些建議
來對抗習慣化。
09:42
My first tip小費 is to look broader更廣泛.
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3394
我的第一條建議是:
看得更廣。
09:45
You see, when you're tackling搶斷 a problem問題,
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2112
當你在處理問題時,
09:47
sometimes有時, there are a lot of steps腳步
that lead up to that problem問題.
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有時引發問題的步驟有很多。
09:51
And sometimes有時, a lot
of steps腳步 after it.
201
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有時,問題出現後
又有很多其他步驟。
09:54
If you can take a step back
and look broader更廣泛,
202
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3349
如果你可以退一步,看得更廣,
09:57
maybe you can change更改 some of those boxes盒子
203
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2271
也許你可以在問題發生前
改變其中一些元素。
09:59
before the problem問題.
204
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1006
10:00
Maybe you can combine結合 them.
205
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1360
也許你可以結合一些元素。
10:02
Maybe you can remove去掉 them altogether
to make that better.
206
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3335
也許你可以把它們一起摒棄。
10:06
Take thermostats溫控器, for instance.
207
594258
1991
拿自動調溫器為例。
10:08
In the 1900s when they first came來了 out,
they were really simple簡單 to use.
208
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3378
20 世紀初初次出現時,
調溫器相當易使。
10:11
You could turn them up or turn them down.
209
599627
1952
你可以調節溫度。
10:13
People understood了解 them.
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1700
大家都會用。
10:16
But in the 1970s,
211
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1753
但在 20 世紀 70 年代,
10:17
the energy能源 crisis危機 struck來襲,
212
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2074
能源危機降臨,
10:19
and customers顧客 started開始 thinking思維 about
how to save保存 energy能源.
213
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顧客開始考慮如何節能。
10:23
So what happened發生?
214
611416
1287
然後怎樣?
10:24
Thermostat恆溫器 designers設計師 decided決定
to add a new step.
215
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調溫器設計師
決定插入一個新步驟。
10:27
Instead代替 of just turning車削 up and down,
216
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1850
你不能簡單調節溫度,
10:29
you now had to program程序 it.
217
617581
1991
你得事先設定調溫器。
10:31
So you could tell it the temperature溫度
you wanted at a certain某些 time.
218
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3218
你可以設定某個時間段的理想溫度。
10:34
Now that seemed似乎 great.
219
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1796
聽上去很棒。
10:36
Every一切 thermostat恆溫器 had
started開始 adding加入 that feature特徵.
220
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所有調溫器都開始添加這功能。
10:40
But it turned轉身 out that no one
saved保存 any energy能源.
221
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4276
但是結果沒人真正節能。
10:44
Now, why is that?
222
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1513
為什麼?
10:45
Well, people couldn't不能 predict預測 the future未來.
223
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2735
大家無法預測未來。
10:48
They just didn't know how their weeks
would change更改 season季節 to season季節,
224
636588
3548
大家不知道幾週內
會發生什麼改變,
季節不同,年份不同。
10:52
year to year.
225
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1498
10:54
So no one was saving保存 energy能源,
226
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2331
因此沒有人真正在節能,
10:56
and what happened發生?
227
644745
982
然後呢?
10:57
Thermostat恆溫器 designers設計師 went back
to the drawing畫畫 board
228
645727
2623
調溫器設計師回歸原來的設計,
11:00
and they focused重點 on that programming程序設計 step.
229
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2042
專注於溫度設定這一步。
11:02
They made製作 better U.I.s,
230
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2467
他們做了更好的用戶界面,
11:05
they made製作 better documentation文件.
231
653409
2166
做了更好的記錄。
11:07
But still, years年份 later後來,
people were not saving保存 any energy能源
232
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4730
但數年之後,人們仍然沒有節能,
11:12
because they just couldn't不能
predict預測 the future未來.
233
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2596
因為他們就是不能預測未來。
11:15
So what did we do?
234
663431
1478
我們採取了什麼辦法?
11:16
We put a machine-learning機器學習 algorithm算法 in
instead代替 of the programming程序設計
235
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4069
我們添加了一個機器學習算法,
而不是設定程式,
11:20
that would simply只是 watch
when you turned轉身 it up and down,
236
668978
2698
這個算法會簡單觀察
你什麼時候調高溫、低溫
11:23
when you liked喜歡 a certain某些 temperature溫度
when you got up,
237
671676
2594
什麼時候你喜歡什麼溫度,
你起床時,
11:26
or when you went away.
238
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1707
或者你出門時。
11:27
And you know what?
239
675977
1268
然後呢?
11:29
It worked工作.
240
677245
927
這行之有效。
11:30
People are saving保存 energy能源
without any programming程序設計.
241
678422
3217
人們無需任何設定
就可以節能。
11:35
So, it doesn't matter what you're doing.
242
683239
2007
你做什麼並不重要。
11:37
If you take a step back
and look at all the boxes盒子,
243
685246
3266
如果你退一步看所有的元素,
11:40
maybe there's a way
to remove去掉 one or combine結合 them
244
688512
3021
也許找到辦法
減少或結合一些元素,
11:43
so that you can make
that process處理 much simpler簡單.
245
691533
2514
這樣你就可以讓事情簡單很多。
11:47
So that's my first tip小費: look broader更廣泛.
246
695007
3077
那就是我的第一條建議:
看得更廣。
11:50
For my second第二 tip小費, it's to look closer接近.
247
698084
3981
我的第二條建議:
看得更近。
11:54
One of my greatest最大 teachers教師
was my grandfather祖父.
248
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3031
我最棒的老師之一
是我的祖父。
11:59
He taught me all about the world世界.
249
707006
1901
他教我學會這個世界。
12:01
He taught me how things were built內置
and how they were repaired修復,
250
709557
3492
他教我如何建東西、
如何修理東西、
12:05
the tools工具 and techniques技術 necessary必要
to make a successful成功 project項目.
251
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3722
專案成功所需的工具和技術。
12:09
I remember記得 one story故事
he told me about screws螺絲,
252
717671
4337
我記得他說過
一個關於螺釘的故事,
12:14
and about how you need to have
the right screw for the right job工作.
253
722048
3630
需要有對的螺釘
來完成對的工作。
12:17
There are many許多 different不同 screws螺絲:
254
725678
1939
世上有很多不同的螺釘:
12:19
wood screws螺絲, metal金屬 screws螺絲,
anchors, concrete具體 screws螺絲,
255
727617
4870
木螺絲、金屬螺絲、
固定螺絲、自攻螺絲,
12:24
the list名單 went on and on.
256
732487
1745
種類多得很。
12:27
Our job工作 is to make products製品
that are easy簡單 to install安裝
257
735212
3273
我們的任務是
確保產品容易安裝,
12:30
for all of our customs海關 themselves他們自己
without professionals專業人士.
258
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3734
無需專業知識,
所有客戶都會使用。
12:34
So what did we do?
259
742789
1421
我們怎樣做?
12:36
I remembered記得 that story故事
that my grandfather祖父 told me,
260
744720
2935
我記得祖父告訴我的故事,
12:39
and so we thought,
261
747655
1273
所以我們想:
12:40
"How many許多 different不同 screws螺絲
can we put in the box?
262
748928
2500
「盒子裡我們能放
多少種不同的螺絲?
12:43
Was it going to be two, three,
four, five?
263
751428
2850
是要放兩顆、三顆還是四顆?
12:46
Because there's so many許多
different不同 wall types類型."
264
754278
2296
因為牆的種類也有很多。」
12:48
So we thought about it, we optimized優化 it,
265
756574
2730
我們認真考慮,進行優化,
12:51
and we came來了 up with three different不同
screws螺絲 to put in the box.
266
759304
4091
我們決定放三種螺絲在盒子裡。
12:55
We thought that was going
to solve解決 the problem問題.
267
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2277
我們認為那就可以解決問題。
12:58
But it turned轉身 out, it didn't.
268
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2695
但結果是不行。
13:01
So we shipped the product產品,
269
769527
1631
所有我們寄出產品,
13:03
and people weren't having
a great experience經驗.
270
771158
2390
人們不是很喜歡。
13:06
So what did we do?
271
774128
1208
我們怎樣做?
13:07
We went back to the drawing畫畫 board
272
775336
1745
我們意識到做得不好之後,
13:09
just instantly即刻 after we figured想通 out
we didn't get it right.
273
777081
3464
馬上重新構想設計。
13:12
And we designed設計 a special特別 screw,
a custom習慣 screw,
274
780545
3724
我們設計了一種特別的螺絲:
客製化螺絲,
13:16
much to the chagrin懊惱 of our investors投資者.
275
784269
2171
我們的投資者很懊惱,
13:18
They were like, "Why are you spending開支
so much time on a little screw?
276
786440
3422
他們說:「為什麼花那麼多時間
在一個小螺絲上?」
13:21
Get out there and sell more!"
277
789862
1999
「出去推銷更多螺絲!」
13:23
And we said, "We will sell more
if we get this right."
278
791861
3323
我們就說:「如果弄對了,
我們會賣更多螺絲。」
13:27
And it turned轉身 out, we did.
279
795904
1690
結果是我們成功了。
13:29
With that custom習慣 little screw,
there was just one screw in the box,
280
797594
3294
盒子裡只放了一個螺絲
——客製化螺絲,
13:32
that was easy簡單 to mount安裝
and put on the wall.
281
800888
3107
容易安裝在牆上。
13:37
So if we focus焦點 on those tiny details細節,
the ones那些 we may可能 not see
282
805525
6100
因此要是我們專注於微小細節,
我們可能看不到的細節,
13:44
and we look at them as we say,
283
812404
1824
我們問自己:
13:46
"Are those important重要
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「這些重要嗎?
13:47
or is that the way we've我們已經 always doneDONE it?
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還是我們一直就這樣做?
13:50
Maybe there's a way to get rid擺脫 of those."
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也許有辦法可以擺脫這些東西。」
13:54
So my last piece of advice忠告
is to think younger更年輕.
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我最後一點建議是:
想得更年輕。
14:00
Every一切 day, I'm confronted面對 with interesting有趣
questions問題 from my three young年輕 kids孩子.
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每天我的三個小孩
都會問我各種有趣的問題。
14:04
They come up with questions問題 like,
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他們會想出各種問題:
14:06
"Why can't cars汽車 fly around traffic交通?"
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「為什麼汽車不能飛過其他車?」
14:09
Or, "Why don't my shoelaces鞋帶
have Velcro尼龍搭扣 instead代替?"
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「為什麼我的鞋帶沒有魔術貼?」
14:14
Sometimes有時, those questions問題 are smart聰明.
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有時那些問題很聰明。
14:17
My son兒子 came來了 to me the other day
and I asked him,
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我兒子有天走過來,我說:
14:19
"Go run out to the mailbox郵箱
and check it."
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「跑過去郵箱
看看有沒有郵件。」
14:23
He looked看著 at me, puzzled困惑, and said,
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他疑惑地看著我說:
14:27
"Why doesn't the mailbox郵箱 just check itself本身
and tell us when it has mail郵件?" (Laughter笑聲)
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「為什麼郵箱不能自己去看,
然後告訴我們?」(笑聲)
14:32
I was like, "That's a pretty漂亮
good question."
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我就說:「問得好。」
14:36
So, they can ask tons of questions問題
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他們可能問一大堆問題,
14:39
and sometimes有時 we find out
we just don't have the right answers答案.
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有時我們發現
我們就是沒有對的答案。
14:44
We say, "Son兒子, that's just the way
the world世界 works作品."
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我們說:「兒子,
那就是世界運作的方式。」
14:50
So the more we're exposed裸露 to something,
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我們越多地接觸到東西,
14:52
the more we get used to it.
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我們就越習慣世界。
14:54
But kids孩子 haven't沒有 been around
long enough足夠
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但是孩子們接觸有限
14:56
to get used to those things.
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還沒完全習慣那些事物。
14:58
And so when they run into problems問題,
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所以當他們遇到問題,
15:00
they immediately立即 try to solve解決 them,
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他們馬上試著解決問題,
15:02
and sometimes有時 they find a better way,
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有時他們找到更好的辦法,
15:05
and that way really is better.
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他們的辦法確實更優。
15:08
So my advice忠告 that we take to heart
is to have young年輕 people on your team球隊,
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所以我的衷心建議是:
讓年輕人加入你的隊伍,
15:14
or people with young年輕 minds頭腦.
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或者是有年輕心態的人。
15:16
Because if you have those young年輕 minds頭腦,
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因為要是你有這些年輕的思想,
15:18
they cause原因 everyone大家 in the room房間
to think younger更年輕.
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他們會讓隊伍的想法更年輕。
15:21
Picasso畢加索 once一旦 said,
"Every一切 child兒童 is an artist藝術家.
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畢加索說過:
「每個小孩都是藝術家。
15:27
The problem問題 is when he or she grows成長 up,
is how to remain an artist藝術家."
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問題是當他們成長時,
如何讓他們一直藝術家。」
15:33
We all saw the world世界 more clearly明確地
when we saw it for the first time,
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第一次看世界時,
我們總看得更清楚,
15:37
before a lifetime一生 of habits習慣
got in the way.
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那時長期的習慣還沒形成。
15:40
Our challenge挑戰 is to get back there,
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我們的挑戰是回到那個時候,
15:43
to feel that frustration挫折,
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去感受挫敗,
15:45
to see those little details細節,
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去察看那些微小細節,
15:47
to look broader更廣泛,
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去看得更廣,
15:49
look closer接近,
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看得更近,
15:51
and to think younger更年輕
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想得更年輕,
15:53
so we can stay beginners初學者.
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讓我們可以保持初始心態。
15:56
It's not easy簡單.
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這並不容易。
15:57
It requires要求 us pushing推動 back
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這需要我們對抗,
15:58
against反對 one of the most basic基本 ways方法
we make sense of the world世界.
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對抗我們理解世界
的最基本方式之一。
16:03
But if we do,
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但要是我們做到,
16:04
we could do some pretty漂亮 amazing驚人 things.
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我們可以做一些很棒的事情。
16:07
For me, hopefully希望, that's better
product產品 design設計.
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對於我來說,
希望是更好的產品設計。
16:10
For you, that could mean something else其他,
something powerful強大.
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對於大家,那可能是不同的東西,
厲害的東西。
16:18
Our challenge挑戰 is to wake喚醒 up
each day and say,
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我們的挑戰是
每天起床問自己:
16:21
"How can I experience經驗 the world世界 better?"
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「我如何能更好地體驗世界?」
16:24
And if we do, maybe, just maybe,
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要是我們做到了,
也許,只是也許,
16:29
we can get rid擺脫 of these
dumb little stickers貼紙.
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我們可以跟這些傻標籤說再見。
16:34
Thank you very much.
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謝謝。
16:35
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Xingyi Ouyang 歐陽杏儀
Reviewed by Yamei Huang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tony Fadell - Product creator
As the originator of the iPod, Tony Fadell is no stranger to disruptive technology. With Nest, he’s zeroed in on tech’s most elusive targets: household appliances.

Why you should listen

Tony Fadell became a tech superstar as a colleague of Steve Jobs and developer of the iPod, which rejuvenated Apple, rebooted entire industries and changed the way the world consumes entertainment.

After leaving Apple, Fadell founded Nest on a familiar experience -- frustration with household technology, still resolutely frozen in the 20th century. With its first products, Nest has brought the modern household one step closer to becoming a truly connected “smarthome.” In January 2014, Nest became Google’s second-biggest acquisition to date, positioning both companies to become revolutionary players in home technology.

More profile about the speaker
Tony Fadell | Speaker | TED.com