Kang Lee: Can you really tell if a kid is lying?
李光: 你是否真的可以辨識出小朋友說謊呢?
Kang Lee has devoted his career to understanding the development of social cognition and behavior. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
raise your hand?
group of people I've ever met.
最誠實的一群人。
how children learn to tell lies.
是如何學習說謊的
a story from Mr. Richard Messina,
我要向各位講一個故事,
朋友理查.梅西納先生那邊聽來的。
school principal.
will not come to school today
今天不去學校了,
three common beliefs we have
識破出他們的謊言。
at a very young age,
很早就學會說謊,
character flaws with them,
性格缺陷,
pathological liars for life.
會成為一個信口雌黃的人。
to guess the numbers on the cards.
猜猜卡片上面的數字號碼。
如果他們贏了,
不可以偷看卡片。
to win the game is so strong,
還是撒謊。
of gender, country, religion,
性別、國家、宗教
about their transgression.
tell the truth.
of development.
人格發展的一部分。
就開始說謊。
at the younger children.
觀察這些小朋友。
young children lie?
有些卻不會呢?
各位都需要好的烹調原料
two key ingredients.
is theory of mind,
different knowledge about the situation
有不同知識的能力,
between what I know
對所知事物的落差程度。
我知道的事。
for good lying is self-control.
your facial expression
具有說服力的謊言。
自我控制能力的小朋友,
and self-control abilities
會相對容易些,
are also essential for all of us
適應社會的必要能力。
and self-control abilities
自我控制能力不佳的人,
developmental problems,
有其相關性,
過動症和自閉症。
is telling his or her first lie,
撒了人生的第一個謊,
has arrived at a new milestone
detect their lies?
辨識出他們有沒有說謊嗎?
to a researcher's question,
小朋友:沒有。
小朋友:沒有。
child number one is lying,
is lying, please raise your hand.
detectors of children's lies.
辨認小孩子有沒有說謊。
from all walks of life.
的成年人來做測試。
the children told the truth.
how these adults performed.
成年人他們的測試結果。
as truth tellers,
的人數一樣多,
you're going to get it right.
of children's lies.
辨認小朋友有沒有說謊。
and law school students,
及法學院的學生開始,
limited experience with children.
and child-protection lawyers,
小朋友有沒有說謊嗎?
說謊的人打交道。
其他小朋友的謊言嗎?
detect their own children's lies?
自己的小孩子說謊嗎?
are so difficult to detect.
謊話這麼難辨認呢?
with my own son, Nathan.
納森,來向各位解釋。
is typically neutral.
a lot of emotions,
相當多的情緒,
are either fleeting or hidden.
就是被隱藏起來。
幾乎是看不見的。
to reveal these hidden emotions.
來揭露出這些隱藏的情緒。
我們表面皮膚底下,
不同的情緒時,
會有稍微地變化。
by the autonomic system
自主神經系統所控制,
人們的隱藏情緒。
facial blood flow changes
表面血流變化,
無法辨識出來的。
people's facial emotions,
揭露人們的表面情緒,
新的圖像技術,
video camera to record people
制式的錄影機來拍攝,
various hidden emotions.
隱藏情緒時的狀況。
processing technology,
of facial blood flow changes.
皮膚血流變化的影像。
with the various hidden emotions.
表面血流的微妙變化。
associated with lying,
與謊話相關的隱藏表情,
a Pinocchio effect.
「皮諾丘效應」。
on the cheeks decreases,
on the nose increases.
we can help this mathematics teacher
我們可以幫助數學老師
學生的上課情況,
about the topic he's teaching
有高度焦慮的情況,
SKYPE 向我的父母親請安,
what's going on in their lives
their heart rate, their stress level,
心跳、壓力、心情
they are experiencing pain.
or hypertension.
心臟病及高血壓的風險。
politicians' emotions?
政治人物的情緒嗎?
the politicians' heart rate,
政治人物的心跳,
whether or not they are lying to us.
是否對我們說謊。
in marketing research,
certain consumer products.
對你好點而已。
早期的發展階段。
that we don't know today.
我們還沒有發現。
be the same again.
會與現在不同了。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kang Lee - Developmental researcherKang Lee has devoted his career to understanding the development of social cognition and behavior.
Why you should listen
With an international team based at the University of Toronto, Kang Lee investigates the neurological and social basis of emerging social behaviors in young children. His two-pronged research focuses first on how and when children develop the capacity to lie, to detect liesand to feel guilty about it afterwards.
The second focus of Lee's research is facial recognition, which has led to revelations of when children develop the ability to distinguish races and has helped explain why some people occasionally see Jesus' face on a piece of toast.
Kang Lee | Speaker | TED.com