ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Susan Cain - Quiet revolutionary
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone.

Why you should listen

Susan Cain is a former corporate lawyer and negotiations consultant -- and a self-described introvert. At least one-third of the people we know are introverts, notes Cain in her book QUIET: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking. Although our culture undervalues them dramatically, introverts have made some of the great contributions to society -- from Chopin's nocturnes to the invention of the personal computer to Ghandi's transformative leadership. Cain argues that we design our schools, workplaces and religious institutions for extroverts, and that this bias creates a waste of talent, energy and happiness. Based on intensive research in psychology and neurobiology and on prolific interviews, she also explains why introverts are capable of great love and great achievement, not in spite of their temperament -- but because of them.

In 2015 Susan Cain announced the launch of her mission-based organization Quiet Revolution that aims to change the lives of introverts by empowering them with the information, tools and resources they need to survive and thrive.

In the workplace, companies are not fully harnessing the talents of their introverted employees and leadership teams are often imbalanced with many more extroverts than introverts. The Quiet Leadership Institute has worked with companies from LinkedIn to GE to Procter and Gamble to help them achieve their potential by providing learning experiences that unlock the power of introverts.

At the heart and center of the Quiet Revolution is empowering the next generation of children to know their own strengths and be freed from the sense of inadequacy that has shadowed the children of previous generations. Susan's second book, Quiet Power, is written for teens and young adults but also serves as a tool for teachers and parents. In addition, Susan has created a portal and a online learning experience for the parents of quiet children and has also established the Quiet Schools Network. Susan's podcast, Quiet: The Power of Introverts debuted in February 2016 as a 10-part series designed to give parents and teachers the tools they need to empower quiet kids.

Susan and the Quiet Revolution have received numerous accolades and press including Fortune magazine, The New York Times, NPRand many more.

More profile about the speaker
Susan Cain | Speaker | TED.com
TED2012

Susan Cain: The power of introverts

Susan Cain: O poder dos introvertidos

Filmed:
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Em uma cultura onde ser sociável e extrovertido é valorizado como nunca, pode ser difícil, até vergonhoso, ser introvertido. Mas, como Susan Cain argumenta nesta apaixonante palestra, introvertidos trazem ao mundo habilidades e talentos extraordinários e devem ser encorajados e reconhecidos.
- Quiet revolutionary
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
When I was nine years old
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Quando eu tinha nove anos
00:17
I went off to summer camp for the first time.
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fui para um acampamento de férias pela 1ª vez.
00:19
And my mother packed me a suitcase
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E minha mãe encheu minha mala
00:21
full of books,
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de livros,
00:23
which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do.
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o que me pareceu a coisa mais natural do mundo.
00:25
Because in my family,
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Porque em minha família,
00:27
reading was the primary group activity.
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ler era nossa principal atividade em grupo.
00:30
And this might sound antisocial to you,
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E isso pode soar anti-social para vocês,
00:32
but for us it was really just a different way of being social.
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mas para nós era apenas um jeito diferente de ser sociável.
00:35
You have the animal warmth of your family
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Você tem o calor da sua família
00:37
sitting right next to you,
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sentada bem a seu lado,
00:39
but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland
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mas você também é livre para perambular pela terra das aventuras
00:41
inside your own mind.
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em sua própria mente.
00:43
And I had this idea
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E eu tinha essa ideia
00:45
that camp was going to be just like this, but better.
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que o acampamento seria assim, só que melhor.
00:47
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
00:50
I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin
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Imaginava 10 meninas numa cabana, sentadas
00:53
cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.
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confortavelmente, de pijamas combinando, lendo livros.
00:55
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
00:57
Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol.
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O acampamento foi como um festival do vinho sem vinho.
01:00
And on the very first day
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E no primeiro dia
01:03
our counselor gathered us all together
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nossa monitora reuniu todo mundo
01:05
and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing
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e nos ensinou um refrão que ela disse que iríamos repetir
01:07
every day for the rest of the summer
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todos os dias até o fim do verão
01:09
to instill camp spirit.
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para entrarmos no espírito de acampar.
01:11
And it went like this:
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E era assim:
01:13
"R-O-W-D-I-E,
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"R-O-W-D-I-E,
01:15
that's the way we spell rowdie.
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é assim que se soletra "rowdie".
01:17
Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."
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Agitadas, agitadas, vamos ficar agitadas."
01:22
Yeah.
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É.
01:24
So I couldn't figure out for the life of me
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Eu não conseguia entender por nada deste mundo
01:26
why we were supposed to be so rowdy,
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porque deveríamos ficar tão agitadas,
01:28
or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.
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ou porque tínhamos de soletrar essa palavra incorretamente.
01:31
(Laughter)
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(Risos) (Rowdy)
01:37
But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else.
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Mas eu recitei o refrão. Recitei o refrão junto com todo mundo.
01:40
I did my best.
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Fiz o meu melhor.
01:42
And I just waited for the time
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E só esperava o momento
01:44
that I could go off and read my books.
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em que poderia me isolar e ler meus livros.
01:47
But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase,
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Mas na primeira vez que tirei meu livro da mala,
01:49
the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me
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a menina mais legal do alojamento se aproximou
01:51
and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" --
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e perguntou, "Porque você está assim tão quieta?"
01:54
mellow, of course, being the exact opposite
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quieta, claro, sendo exatamente o oposto
01:56
of R-O-W-D-I-E.
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de R-O-W-D-I-E
01:58
And then the second time I tried it,
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Na minha segunda tentativa,
02:00
the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face
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a monitora se aproximou com uma expressão preocupada
02:03
and she repeated the point about camp spirit
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e repetiu o objetivo do espírito de acampar
02:05
and said we should all work very hard
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e disse que deveríamos fazer um esforço
02:07
to be outgoing.
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para sermos extrovertidos.
02:09
And so I put my books away,
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Então guardei meus livros,
02:12
back in their suitcase,
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novamente na mala,
02:15
and I put them under my bed,
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coloquei-os embaixo da cama,
02:19
and there they stayed for the rest of the summer.
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e lá ficaram por todo o verão.
02:21
And I felt kind of guilty about this.
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Eu me sentia meio culpada por isso.
02:23
I felt as if the books needed me somehow,
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Sentia que os livros precisavam de mim,
02:25
and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.
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estavam me chamando e eu os havia abandonado.
02:28
But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again
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Mas os abandonei mesmo e não abri mais a mala
02:30
until I was back home with my family
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até voltar para casa com minha família
02:32
at the end of the summer.
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no fim do verão.
02:34
Now, I tell you this story about summer camp.
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Conto a vocês essa história sobre o acampamento.
02:37
I could have told you 50 others just like it --
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Poderia ter-lhes contado outras 50 parecidas --
02:40
all the times that I got the message
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todas as vezes que captei a mensagem
02:42
that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being
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que, de alguma forma, meu jeito quieto e introvertido de ser
02:46
was not necessarily the right way to go,
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não era bem o jeito certo de ser,
02:48
that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert.
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que eu deveria tentar parecer mais extrovertida.
02:51
And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong
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Em meu íntimo sempre senti que isso estava errado
02:54
and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were.
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e que introvertidos eram excelentes exatamente como eram.
02:56
But for years I denied this intuition,
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Mas durante anos neguei essa intuição,
02:59
and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things,
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e por isso, tornei-me advogada em Wall Street,
03:02
instead of the writer that I had always longed to be --
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em vez da escritora que sempre desejei ser --
03:05
partly because I needed to prove to myself
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em parte por precisar provar a mim mesma
03:07
that I could be bold and assertive too.
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que poderia ser audaciosa e assertiva também.
03:09
And I was always going off to crowded bars
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Eu sempre ia a bares lotados
03:11
when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends.
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quando o que queria mesmo era um jantar agradável com amigos.
03:14
And I made these self-negating choices
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E em autonegação fiz essas escolhas
03:17
so reflexively,
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tão automaticamente,
03:19
that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.
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que nem tinha consciência de que as fazia.
03:22
Now this is what many introverts do,
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Isso é o que muitos introvertidos fazem
03:24
and it's our loss for sure,
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e a perda certamente é nossa,
03:26
but it is also our colleagues' loss
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mas também é de nossos colegas
03:28
and our communities' loss.
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e de nossa comunidade.
03:30
And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss.
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E, correndo o risco de soar pretenciosa, a perda é do mundo.
03:33
Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership,
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Pois quando se trata de criatividade e liderança,
03:36
we need introverts doing what they do best.
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precisamos dos introvertidos fazendo o que sabem fazer melhor .
03:39
A third to a half of the population are introverts --
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De um terço à metade da população é introvertida --
03:41
a third to a half.
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de um terço à metade.
03:43
So that's one out of every two or three people you know.
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Isso é uma em cada duas ou três pessoas que conhecemos.
03:46
So even if you're an extrovert yourself,
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Então, mesmo que vocês sejam extrovertidos,
03:49
I'm talking about your coworkers
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estou falando de seus colegas de trabalho.
03:51
and your spouses and your children
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seus cônjuges e seus filhos
03:53
and the person sitting next to you right now --
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e da pessoa sentada a seu lado agora --
03:56
all of them subject to this bias
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todas sujeitas a esse preconceito
03:58
that is pretty deep and real in our society.
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que é bem arraigado e real em nossa sociedade.
04:00
We all internalize it from a very early age
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Todos nós interiorizamos isso desde pequenos
04:03
without even having a language for what we're doing.
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sem ao menos termos uma linguagem para o que fazemos.
04:06
Now to see the bias clearly
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Para enxergar claramente o preconceito
04:08
you need to understand what introversion is.
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vocês precisam entender o que é introversão.
04:11
It's different from being shy.
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É diferente de ser tímido.
04:13
Shyness is about fear of social judgment.
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Timidez tem a ver com o medo do julgamento social.
04:15
Introversion is more about,
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Introversão é mais sobre
04:17
how do you respond to stimulation,
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como alguém reage à estimulação,
04:19
including social stimulation.
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incluindo estimulação social.
04:21
So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation,
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Portanto, extrovertidos precisam de muita estimulação,
04:24
whereas introverts feel at their most alive
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enquanto os introvertidos se sentem mais vivos,
04:26
and their most switched-on and their most capable
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mais ativos e mais capazes
04:28
when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.
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quando estão em ambientes mais silenciosos e calmos.
04:30
Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute --
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Nem sempre -- essas coisas não são absolutas --
04:32
but a lot of the time.
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mas a maior parte do tempo.
04:34
So the key then
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Então o segredo
04:36
to maximizing our talents
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para maximizarmos nossos talentos
04:39
is for us all to put ourselves
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é nos colocar
04:41
in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.
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na zona de estimulação que nos seja adequada.
04:44
But now here's where the bias comes in.
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Mas agora é que entra o preconceito.
04:46
Our most important institutions,
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Nossas instituições mais importantes,
04:48
our schools and our workplaces,
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nossas escolas e nossos locais de trabalho,
04:50
they are designed mostly for extroverts
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são geralmente projetados para os extrovertidos
04:52
and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation.
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e sua necessidade de muita estimulação.
04:55
And also we have this belief system right now
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E hoje também temos esse sistema de crença
04:59
that I call the new groupthink,
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que chamo de o novo 'pensamento de grupo',
05:01
which holds that all creativity and all productivity
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que considera que toda criatividade e produtividade
05:04
comes from a very oddly gregarious place.
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vêm de um lugar curiosamente gregário.
05:09
So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays:
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Então imaginem a típica sala de aula atual:
05:11
When I was going to school,
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Quando eu estava na escola,
05:13
we sat in rows.
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nós sentávamos em filas.
05:15
We sat in rows of desks like this,
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Sentávamos em filas de carteiras como essa,
05:17
and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.
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e fazíamos a maior parte dos trabalhos individualmente.
05:19
But nowadays, your typical classroom
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Mas hoje em dia, a típica sala de aula
05:21
has pods of desks --
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tem grupos de carteiras --
05:23
four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other.
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quatro, cinco, seis ou sete crianças frente a frente.
05:26
And kids are working in countless group assignments.
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E as crianças fazem inúmeros trabalhos em grupo.
05:28
Even in subjects like math and creative writing,
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Mesmo em disciplinas como matemática e redação criativa,
05:31
which you think would depend on solo flights of thought,
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que pensamos que dependeriam de voos solo de pensamento,
05:34
kids are now expected to act as committee members.
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espera-se que as crianças ajam como membros de um comitê.
05:38
And for the kids who prefer
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E para as que preferem
05:40
to go off by themselves or just to work alone,
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ficar sozinhas ou simplesmente trabalhar sozinhas,
05:42
those kids are seen as outliers often
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elas costumam ser vistas como estranhas
05:44
or, worse, as problem cases.
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ou, pior, como problemas.
05:48
And the vast majority of teachers reports believing
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E a grande maioria dos professores acredita
05:51
that the ideal student is an extrovert
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que o estudante ideal é o extrovertido
05:53
as opposed to an introvert,
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e não o introvertido,
05:55
even though introverts actually get better grades
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mesmo os introvertidos tendo melhores notas
05:57
and are more knowledgeable,
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e sendo mais cultos,
05:59
according to research.
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segundo pesquisa.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
06:03
Okay, same thing is true in our workplaces.
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Ok, o mesmo acontece em nosso local de trabalho.
06:06
Now, most of us work in open plan offices,
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Quase todos nós trabalhamos em escritórios abertos,
06:09
without walls,
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sem paredes,
06:11
where we are subject
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onde somos sujeitos
06:13
to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers.
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ao barulho e aos olhares constantes de nossos colegas.
06:15
And when it comes to leadership,
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E quando se trata de liderança,
06:17
introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,
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os introvertidos geralmente são desconsiderados para posições de liderança,
06:19
even though introverts tend to be very careful,
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ainda que costumem ser muito atentos,
06:21
much less likely to take outsize risks --
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bem menos passíveis de correr riscos incalculados --
06:23
which is something we might all favor nowadays.
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que é algo que, hoje, talvez todos valorizemos.
06:27
And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School
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Uma pesquisa interessante feita por Adam Grant na Wharton School
06:30
has found that introverted leaders
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descobriu que líderes introvertidos
06:32
often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do,
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costumam ter melhores resultados que os extrovertidos,
06:34
because when they are managing proactive employees,
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porque quando gerenciam empregados proativos,
06:37
they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas,
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são mais passíveis de deixá-los seguir suas próprias ideias,
06:40
whereas an extrovert can, quite unwittingly,
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enquanto que um extrovertido pode, involuntariadamente,
06:42
get so excited about things
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ficar tão empolgado com tudo
06:44
that they're putting their own stamp on things,
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que suas ideias acabam prevalecendo,
06:46
and other people's ideas might not as easily then
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e as ideias dos outros podem não vir à tona
06:48
bubble up to the surface.
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tão facilmente.
06:51
Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts.
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De fato, alguns líderes transformadores da história eram introvertidos.
06:54
I'll give you some examples.
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Darei alguns exemplos.
06:56
Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --
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Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --
06:59
all these peopled described themselves
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todas essas pessoas descreviam-se como
07:01
as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.
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quietas, de voz suave e até tímidas.
07:04
And they all took the spotlight,
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E todas foram o centro das atenções,
07:06
even though every bone in their bodies
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apesar de todos seus instintos
07:08
was telling them not to.
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dizerem o contrário.
07:11
And this turns out to have a special power all its own,
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E isso resulta em um poder próprio e especial,
07:13
because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm,
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porque as pessoas podiam sentir que esses líderes estavam no comando,
07:16
not because they enjoyed directing others
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não porque gostavam de mandar nos outros
07:18
and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;
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nem por gostarem de ser admirados;
07:20
they were there because they had no choice,
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eles estavam lá por não terem escolha,
07:22
because they were driven to do what they thought was right.
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porque foram levados a fazer o que achavam certo.
07:26
Now I think at this point it's important for me to say
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Penso que à esta altura é importante dizer
07:29
that I actually love extroverts.
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que adoro os extrovertidos.
07:32
I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts,
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Gosto de dizer que alguns de meus melhores amigos são extrovertidos,
07:35
including my beloved husband.
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incluindo meu querido marido.
07:39
And we all fall at different points, of course,
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E claro nos situamos todos em pontos diferentes,
07:41
along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.
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no espectro introvertido/extrovertido.
07:44
Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said
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Até Carl Jung, o psicólogo que popularizou esses termos, disse
07:47
that there's no such thing as a pure introvert
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que não há um introvertido puro
07:49
or a pure extrovert.
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nem um extrovertido puro.
07:51
He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum,
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Ele disse que tal homem estaria num hospício,
07:53
if he existed at all.
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se acaso existisse.
07:56
And some people fall smack in the middle
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Algumas pessoas caem bem no meio
07:58
of the introvert/extrovert spectrum,
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do espectro introvertido/extrovertido,
08:00
and we call these people ambiverts.
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e as chamamos de 'ambivertidas'.
08:02
And I often think that they have the best of all worlds.
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Costumo pensar que elas têm o melhor dos dois mundos.
08:06
But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.
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Mas muitos de nós se reconhecem como um dos dois tipos.
08:09
And what I'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance.
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O que digo é que culturalmente precisamos de um melhor equilíbrio.
08:12
We need more of a yin and yang
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Precisamos de mais yin e yang
08:14
between these two types.
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entre esses dois tipos.
08:16
This is especially important
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Isso é especialmente importante
08:18
when it comes to creativity and to productivity,
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quando nos referimos à criatividade e à produtividade,
08:20
because when psychologists look
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porque quando os psicológos observam
08:22
at the lives of the most creative people,
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a vida da maioria das pessoas criativas,
08:24
what they find
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o que encontram
08:26
are people who are very good at exchanging ideas
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são pessoas muito boas em trocar ideias
08:28
and advancing ideas,
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e em desenvolver ideias,
08:30
but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.
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mas que também têm um traço forte de introversão.
08:33
And this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often
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E isso porque a solidão é muitas vezes um ingrediente crucial
08:35
to creativity.
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para a criatividade.
08:37
So Darwin,
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Darwin,
08:39
he took long walks alone in the woods
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fazia longos passeios sozinho no mato
08:41
and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations.
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e declinava enfaticamente convites para jantares.
08:44
Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,
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Theodor Geisel, mais conhecido como Dr. Seuss,
08:47
he dreamed up many of his amazing creations
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inventava muitas de suas fantásticas criações
08:49
in a lonely bell tower office that he had
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num escritório isolado que tinha num campanário
08:51
in the back of his house in La Jolla, California.
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atrás da sua casa em La Jolla, Califórnia.
08:54
And he was actually afraid to meet
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Ele até tinha receio de conhecer
08:56
the young children who read his books
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as crianças que liam seus livros
08:58
for fear that they were expecting him
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por temer que elas esperassem que ele fosse
09:00
this kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure
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uma pessoa animada como Papai Noel
09:02
and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona.
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e ficassem desapontadas com sua personalidade reservada.
09:06
Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer
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Steve Wozniak inventou o primeiro computador Apple
09:08
sitting alone in his cubical
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sozinho, sentado em seu cubículo
09:10
in Hewlett-Packard where he was working at the time.
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na Hewlett-Packard, onde trabalhava na época.
09:12
And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place
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Ele diz que jamais teria se tornado um expert
09:15
had he not been too introverted to leave the house
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caso não fosse tão introvertido para sair de casa
09:18
when he was growing up.
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quando estava crescendo.
09:20
Now of course,
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Claro que
09:23
this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating --
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isso não significa que devemos parar de colaborar --
09:26
and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs
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e um bom exemplo é o fato de Steve Wozniack ter se associado a Steve Jobs
09:29
to start Apple Computer --
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para lançar o computador Apple --
09:32
but it does mean that solitude matters
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mas significa, sim, que a solidão importa
09:35
and that for some people
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e que para algumas pessoas
09:37
it is the air that they breathe.
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é como o ar que respiram.
09:39
And in fact, we have known for centuries
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E, de fato, sabemos há séculos
09:42
about the transcendent power of solitude.
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do poder transcendente da solidão.
09:45
It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it.
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Só agora é que estranhamente começamos a esquecê-lo.
09:48
If you look at most of the world's major religions,
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Se vocês observarem as grandes religiões do mundo,
09:51
you will find seekers --
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encontrarão pensadores --
09:53
Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --
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Moisés, Jesus, Buda, Maomé --
09:56
seekers who are going off by themselves
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pensadores que vão por conta própria
09:58
alone to the wilderness
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sozinhos na natureza
10:00
where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations
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onde têm epifanias e revelações profundas
10:02
that they then bring back to the rest of the community.
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que depois trazem para o resto da comunidade.
10:05
So no wilderness, no revelations.
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Então, nada de natureza, nada de revelações.
10:09
This is no surprise though
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Isto não é nenhuma surpresa
10:11
if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology.
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se vocês observarem as ideias da psicologia contemporânea.
10:14
It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people
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Parece que nem conseguimos estar em um grupo de pessoas
10:17
without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions.
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sem instintivamente as espelharmos, imitando suas opiniões.
10:20
Even about seemingly personal and visceral things
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Mesmo sobre coisas aparentemente pessoais e íntimas,
10:22
like who you're attracted to,
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como quem nos atrai,
10:24
you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you
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começamos a imitar as crenças das pessoas à nossa volta
10:27
without even realizing that that's what you're doing.
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sem ao menos percebermos o que fazemos.
10:29
And groups famously follow the opinions
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E os grupos, como se sabe, seguem as opiniões
10:32
of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room,
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da pessoa mais dominante e carismática presente,
10:34
even though there's zero correlation
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mesmo não havendo nenhuma correlação
10:36
between being the best talker and having the best ideas --
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entre ser o melhor orador e ter as melhores ideias --
10:39
I mean zero.
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Quero dizer, zero.
10:41
So ...
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Portanto...
10:43
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
10:45
You might be following the person with the best ideas,
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Vocês podem estar seguindo a pessoa com melhores ideias,
10:48
but you might not.
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mas também podem não estar.
10:50
And do you really want to leave it up to chance?
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E querem mesmo deixar isso ao acaso?
10:53
Much better for everybody to go off by themselves,
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É muito melhor todos seguirem seus próprios caminhos,
10:55
generate their own ideas
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gerando suas próprias ideias
10:57
freed from the distortions of group dynamics,
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livres das distorções das dinâmicas de grupo,
10:59
and then come together as a team
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e depois reunirem-se como equipe
11:01
to talk them through in a well-managed environment
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para falarem num ambiente bem gerenciado
11:04
and take it from there.
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e começar daí.
11:06
Now if all this is true,
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Se tudo isso é verdade,
11:08
then why are we getting it so wrong?
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então por que estamos entendendo tudo errado?
11:11
Why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces?
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Por que organizamos nossas escolas e locais de trabalho assim?
11:13
And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty
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E por que fazemos esses introvertidos se sentirem tão culpados
11:15
about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time?
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por vez ou outra quererem estar sozinhos?
11:19
One answer lies deep in our cultural history.
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Uma das respostas está enraizada em nossa história cultural.
11:22
Western societies,
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As sociedades ocidentais,
11:24
and in particular the U.S.,
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em particular os Estados Unidos,
11:26
have always favored the man of action
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sempre favoreceram o homem de ação
11:28
over the man of contemplation
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em vez do homem contemplativo
11:30
and "man" of contemplation.
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e "homem" contemplativo.
11:34
But in America's early days,
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Mas nos primórdios da América,
11:37
we lived in what historians call a culture of character,
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vivíamos o que os historiadores chamavam de cultura do caráter,
11:40
where we still, at that point, valued people
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quando ainda valorizávamos as pessoas
11:42
for their inner selves and their moral rectitude.
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pelo seu interior e sua retidão moral.
11:45
And if you look at the self-help books from this era,
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E se olharem os livros de autoajuda daquele tempo,
11:47
they all had titles with things like
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todos tinham títulos como
11:49
"Character, the Grandest Thing in the World."
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"Caráter, a Coisa Mais Importante do Mundo."
11:52
And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln
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E eles tiveram exemplos como Abraham Lincoln
11:55
who was praised for being modest and unassuming.
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que era elogiado por ser modesto e despretencioso.
11:57
Ralph Waldo Emerson called him
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Ralph Waldo Emerson apelidou-o de
11:59
"A man who does not offend by superiority."
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"Um homem que não ofende pela superioridade."
12:02
But then we hit the 20th century
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Mas depois chegamos ao século XX
12:05
and we entered a new culture
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e entramos numa nova cultura
12:07
that historians call the culture of personality.
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que historiadores chamam de cultura da personalidade.
12:09
What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy
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Aconteceu que evoluímos de uma economia agrícola
12:11
to a world of big business.
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à um mundo de grandes negócios.
12:13
And so suddenly people are moving
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De repente, as pessoas mudaram
12:15
from small towns to the cities.
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de vilas pequenas para cidades.
12:17
And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives,
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Em vez de trabalharem com pessoas que conheceram a vida toda,
12:20
now they are having to prove themselves
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agora têm que provar seu valor
12:22
in a crowd of strangers.
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numa multidão de estranhos.
12:24
So, quite understandably,
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Então, compreensivelmente,
12:26
qualities like magnetism and charisma
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qualidades como magnetismo e carisma
12:28
suddenly come to seem really important.
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parecem, de repente, muito importantes.
12:30
And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs
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E assim livros de autoajuda mudam para satisfazer essas novas necessidades
12:33
and they start to have names
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e eles começam a ter nomes
12:35
like "How to Win Friends and Influence People."
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como "Como Ganhar Amigos e Influenciar Pessoas."
12:37
And they feature as their role models
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E eles têm como modelos
12:39
really great salesmen.
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grandes vendedores.
12:42
So that's the world we're living in today.
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Este é o mundo em que vivemos.
12:44
That's our cultural inheritance.
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É a nossa herança cultural.
12:48
Now none of this is to say
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Nada disso quer dizer
12:50
that social skills are unimportant,
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que as habilidades sociais não são importantes,
12:53
and I'm also not calling
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e também não invoco
12:55
for the abolishing of teamwork at all.
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a abolição do trabalho em equipe.
12:58
The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops
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As mesmas religiões que enviaram seus sábios para isolados cumes de montanha
13:01
also teach us love and trust.
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também nos ensinam sobre amor e confiança.
13:04
And the problems that we are facing today
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E os problemas que enfrentamos hoje
13:06
in fields like science and in economics
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em áreas como ciência ou economia
13:08
are so vast and so complex
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são tão amplos e complexos
13:10
that we are going to need armies of people coming together
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que precisamos de exércitos de pessoas se unindo
13:12
to solve them working together.
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para resolvê-los, trabalhando juntos.
13:14
But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves,
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Quanto mais liberdade dermos aos introvertidos para que sejam eles mesmos,
13:17
the more likely that they are
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maior a probabilidade de eles
13:19
to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.
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surgirem com suas próprias e únicas soluções para esses problemas.
13:24
So now I'd like to share with you
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Então gostaria de compartilhar com vocês
13:26
what's in my suitcase today.
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o que está em minha mala hoje.
13:33
Guess what?
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Adivinham?
13:35
Books.
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Livros.
13:37
I have a suitcase full of books.
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Tenho uma mala cheia de livros.
13:39
Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."
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Aqui está Margaret Atwood, "Olho de Gato"
13:41
Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.
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Aqui está um romance de Milan Kundera.
13:44
And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed"
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E aqui está "O Guia dos Perplexos"
13:46
by Maimonides.
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de Maimonides.
13:49
But these are not exactly my books.
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Mas estes não são de fato meus livros.
13:52
I brought these books with me
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Trouxe-os comigo
13:54
because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.
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porque foram escritos pelos autores favoritos de meu avô.
13:58
My grandfather was a rabbi
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Meu avô era um rabino
14:00
and he was a widower
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e era um viúvo,
14:02
who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn
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que vivia sozinho num pequeno apartamento no Brooklyn,
14:05
that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up,
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que era meu lugar favorito quando criança,
14:08
partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence
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em parte, porque estava envolto por sua presença amável e cortês
14:11
and partly because it was filled with books.
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e, em parte, porque estava cheio de livros.
14:14
I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment
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Literalmente todas as mesas, todas as cadeiras desse apartamento
14:17
had yielded its original function
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tinham cedido sua função original
14:19
to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books.
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para agora servirem de base para equilibrar pilhas de livros.
14:22
Just like the rest of my family,
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Tal como o restante da família,
14:24
my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.
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a atividade favorita de meu avô era ler.
14:27
But he also loved his congregation,
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Mas ele também adorava sua congregação
14:30
and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave
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e podíamos sentir esse amor em seus sermões,
14:33
every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi.
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todas as semanas, durante os 62 anos em que foi rabino.
14:37
He would takes the fruits of each week's reading
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Ele pegava os frutos da leitura de cada semana
14:40
and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought.
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e tecia essas tapeçarias intrincadas do pensamento antigo e humanista.
14:43
And people would come from all over
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As pessoas vinham de todo lugar
14:45
to hear him speak.
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para ouvi-lo falar.
14:47
But here's the thing about my grandfather.
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Mas eis algo interessante sobre meu avô.
14:50
Underneath this ceremonial role,
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Debaixo dessa função cerimonial,
14:52
he was really modest and really introverted --
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ele era muito modesto e introvertido --
14:55
so much so that when he delivered these sermons,
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tanto que quando pregava esses sermões,
14:58
he had trouble making eye contact
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tinha problemas em manter contato visual
15:00
with the very same congregation
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com sua congregação
15:02
that he had been speaking to for 62 years.
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para quem havia falado por 62 anos.
15:04
And even away from the podium,
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E mesmo afastado do púlpito,
15:06
when you called him to say hello,
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quando vinham cumprimentá-lo,
15:08
he would often end the conversation prematurely
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ele costumava acabar logo a conversa
15:10
for fear that he was taking up too much of your time.
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com receio de estar tomando muito tempo dos outros.
15:14
But when he died at the age of 94,
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Mas quando morreu aos 94 anos,
15:17
the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood
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a polícia teve que fechar as ruas da sua vizinhança
15:20
to accommodate the crowd of people
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para acomodar a multidão
15:22
who came out to mourn him.
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que foi despedir-se dele.
15:26
And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example
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E agora tento seguir o exemplo do meu avô
15:29
in my own way.
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à minha maneira.
15:31
So I just published a book about introversion,
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Publiquei recentemente um livro sobre introversão,
15:34
and it took me about seven years to write.
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e demorei uns 7 anos para escrevê-lo.
15:36
And for me, that seven years was like total bliss,
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Para mim, esses 7 anos foram uma benção,
15:39
because I was reading, I was writing,
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porque eu estava lendo, escrevendo,
15:42
I was thinking, I was researching.
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pensando, pesquisando.
15:44
It was my version
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Era a minha versão
15:46
of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library.
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das horas que meu avô passava sozinho na biblioteca.
15:49
But now all of a sudden my job is very different,
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Mas agora, de repente, meu trabalho é muito diferente,
15:52
and my job is to be out here talking about it,
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e meu trabalho é estar aqui falando sobre isso,
15:55
talking about introversion.
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falando sobre introversão.
15:58
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
16:02
And that's a lot harder for me,
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E isso é bem mais difícil para mim,
16:04
because as honored as I am
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pois por mais honrada que eu me sinta
16:06
to be here with all of you right now,
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de estar aqui com vocês agora,
16:08
this is not my natural milieu.
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este não é meu ambiente natural.
16:11
So I prepared for moments like these
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Então me preparei para momentos como este
16:13
as best I could.
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o melhor que pude.
16:15
I spent the last year practicing public speaking
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Passei o último ano praticando oratória
16:17
every chance I could get.
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sempre que pude.
16:19
And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously."
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E o chamo de meu "ano de falar perigosamente".
16:22
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
16:24
And that actually helped a lot.
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E isso me ajudou muito.
16:26
But I'll tell you, what helps even more
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Mas digo-lhes, o que ajuda ainda mais
16:28
is my sense, my belief, my hope
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é meu sentimento, minha convicção, minha esperança
16:31
that when it comes to our attitudes
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de que, no que diz respeito à nossa postura
16:33
to introversion and to quiet and to solitude,
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quanto à introversão, ao silêncio e à solidão,
16:35
we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change.
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estamos mesmo à beira de uma mudança profunda.
16:37
I mean, we are.
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Quero dizer, estamos mesmo.
16:39
And so I am going to leave you now
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E agora vou deixá-los,
16:41
with three calls for action
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antes fazendo três apelos
16:43
for those who share this vision.
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aos que compartilham dessa visão.
16:45
Number one:
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Número um:
16:47
Stop the madness for constant group work.
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Parem com a loucura de trabalho em grupo constante.
16:49
Just stop it.
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Parem.
16:51
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
16:54
Thank you.
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Obrigada.
16:56
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
16:58
And I want to be clear about what I'm saying,
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E quero ser clara no que estou dizendo,
17:00
because I deeply believe our offices
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porque acredito profundamente que os nossos escritórios
17:02
should be encouraging
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deviam encorajar
17:04
casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions --
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as interações casuais, conversas de café --
17:06
you know, the kind where people come together
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do tipo em que as pessoas se reunem,
17:08
and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas.
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e, do nada, trocam ideias.
17:10
That is great.
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Isso é ótimo.
17:12
It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts.
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É ótimo para introvertidos e extrovertidos.
17:14
But we need much more privacy and much more freedom
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Mas precisamos de muito mais privacidade, liberdade
17:16
and much more autonomy at work.
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e autonomia no trabalho.
17:18
School, same thing.
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Na escola, a mesma coisa.
17:20
We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure,
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Claro que precisamos ensinar às crianças a trabalhar juntas,
17:23
but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.
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mas também temos que ensiná-las a trabalhar sozinhas.
17:25
This is especially important for extroverted children too.
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Isso é particularmente importante para crianças extrovertidas.
17:28
They need to work on their own
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Elas precisam trabalhar sozinhas
17:30
because that is where deep thought comes from in part.
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porque em parte é daí que vem o pensamento profundo.
17:32
Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.
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Ok, número dois: Vão para a natureza.
17:35
Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.
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Sejam como Buda, tenham suas próprias revelações.
17:38
I'm not saying
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Não estou dizendo
17:40
that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods
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que temos de ir todos agora construir nossas cabanas no mato
17:43
and never talk to each other again,
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e nunca mais falar uns com os outros,
17:46
but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug
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mas digo que deveríamos conseguir nos desligar
17:48
and get inside our own heads
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e ter contato com nosso próprio interior
17:50
a little more often.
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mais frequentemente.
17:54
Number three:
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Número três:
17:57
Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase
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Deem uma boa olhada no que há em sua própria mala
17:59
and why you put it there.
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e no motivo daquilo estar lá.
18:01
So extroverts,
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Extrovertidos,
18:03
maybe your suitcases are also full of books.
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talvez sua mala também esteja cheia de livros.
18:05
Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses
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Ou cheia de copos de champanhe
18:07
or skydiving equipment.
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ou equipamento de paraquedismo.
18:10
Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get
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Seja o que for, espero que mostrem essas coisas sempre que possam
18:14
and grace us with your energy and your joy.
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e nos agraciem com sua energia e alegria.
18:17
But introverts, you being you,
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Mas, introvertidos, vocês sendo vocês mesmos,
18:20
you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully
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provavelmente têm o impulso de guardar cuidadosamente
18:22
what's inside your own suitcase.
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o que há dentro de sua mala.
18:24
And that's okay.
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E está tudo bem.
18:26
But occasionally, just occasionally,
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Mas ocasionalmente, só ocasionalmente,
18:28
I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see,
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espero que abram sua mala para as outras pessoas verem,
18:31
because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.
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porque o mundo precisa de vocês e das coisas que carregam.
18:36
So I wish you the best of all possible journeys
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Desejo-lhes a melhor de todas as jornadas possíveis
18:38
and the courage to speak softly.
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e a coragem para falar suavemente.
18:41
Thank you very much.
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Muito obrigada.
18:43
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
18:47
Thank you. Thank you.
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Obrigada. Obrigada.
18:50
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Viviane Ferraz Matos
Reviewed by Mariangela Andrade

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Susan Cain - Quiet revolutionary
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone.

Why you should listen

Susan Cain is a former corporate lawyer and negotiations consultant -- and a self-described introvert. At least one-third of the people we know are introverts, notes Cain in her book QUIET: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking. Although our culture undervalues them dramatically, introverts have made some of the great contributions to society -- from Chopin's nocturnes to the invention of the personal computer to Ghandi's transformative leadership. Cain argues that we design our schools, workplaces and religious institutions for extroverts, and that this bias creates a waste of talent, energy and happiness. Based on intensive research in psychology and neurobiology and on prolific interviews, she also explains why introverts are capable of great love and great achievement, not in spite of their temperament -- but because of them.

In 2015 Susan Cain announced the launch of her mission-based organization Quiet Revolution that aims to change the lives of introverts by empowering them with the information, tools and resources they need to survive and thrive.

In the workplace, companies are not fully harnessing the talents of their introverted employees and leadership teams are often imbalanced with many more extroverts than introverts. The Quiet Leadership Institute has worked with companies from LinkedIn to GE to Procter and Gamble to help them achieve their potential by providing learning experiences that unlock the power of introverts.

At the heart and center of the Quiet Revolution is empowering the next generation of children to know their own strengths and be freed from the sense of inadequacy that has shadowed the children of previous generations. Susan's second book, Quiet Power, is written for teens and young adults but also serves as a tool for teachers and parents. In addition, Susan has created a portal and a online learning experience for the parents of quiet children and has also established the Quiet Schools Network. Susan's podcast, Quiet: The Power of Introverts debuted in February 2016 as a 10-part series designed to give parents and teachers the tools they need to empower quiet kids.

Susan and the Quiet Revolution have received numerous accolades and press including Fortune magazine, The New York Times, NPRand many more.

More profile about the speaker
Susan Cain | Speaker | TED.com