TED2012
Susan Cain: The power of introverts
Suzan Kejn (Susan Cain): Moć introvertnih osoba
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U kulturi koja slavi otvorenost i društvenost iznad svega, može biti veoma teško, pa čak i sramotno biti inrovertan. Ali kao što Suzan Kejn u ovom ubedljivom predavanju napominje, intorvertne osobe obogaćuju ovaj svet neverovatnim talentima i sposobnostima i treba da ih ohrabrimo i nagradimo.
Susan Cain - Quiet revolutionary
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone. Full bio
Our world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
When I was nine years old
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Prvi put sam otišla u letnju školu
00:17
I went off to summer camp for the first time.
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kada mi je bilo devet godina.
00:19
And my mother packed me a suitcase
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Majka mi je spakovala pun kofer
00:21
full of books,
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knjiga,
00:23
which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do.
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što sam smatrala potpuno prirodnim činom,
00:25
Because in my family,
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jer je u mojoj porodici
00:27
reading was the primary group activity.
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čitanje glavna zajednička aktivnost.
00:30
And this might sound antisocial to you,
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To vam može zvučati asocijalno,
00:32
but for us it was really just a different way of being social.
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ali to je zaista samo drukčiji način socijalizacije.
00:35
You have the animal warmth of your family
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Okruženi ste toplinom porodičnog doma,
00:37
sitting right next to you,
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oni su tu oko vas,
00:39
but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland
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a istovremeno možete odlutati u mislima
00:41
inside your own mind.
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u svoju avanturu.
00:43
And I had this idea
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Imala sam zamisao
00:45
that camp was going to be just like this, but better.
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da je letnja škola isto to, samo bolje.
00:47
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
00:50
I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin
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Zamišljala sam deset devojčica kako čitaju u sobi,
00:53
cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.
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udobno smeštene, obučene u slične spavaćice.
00:55
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
00:57
Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol.
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Letnja škola je više ličila na divlju žurku bez alkohola.
01:00
And on the very first day
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Prvog dana nas je vaspitačica
01:03
our counselor gathered us all together
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sve okupila na jednom mestu
01:05
and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing
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i naučila nas je pozdravu za koji nam je objasnila da
01:07
every day for the rest of the summer
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čemo svakog dana, do kraja leta ponavljati
01:09
to instill camp spirit.
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kako bismo ojačali duh letnje škole.
01:11
And it went like this:
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Ovo su reči:
01:13
"R-O-W-D-I-E,
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B-U-Č-M-O,
01:15
that's the way we spell rowdie.
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tako izgovaramo bučno.
01:17
Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."
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Bučmo, bučmo, budimo bučmi."
01:22
Yeah.
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Aha.
01:24
So I couldn't figure out for the life of me
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Čitavog života nisam uspela da shvatim
01:26
why we were supposed to be so rowdy,
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zašto je trebalo da budemo tako bučni,
01:28
or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.
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i zašto je trebalo da pišemo reč pogrešno.
01:31
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
01:37
But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else.
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Ali sam učestvovala u tome. Zajedno sa drugima sam to pevala.
01:40
I did my best.
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Dala sam sve od sebe.
01:42
And I just waited for the time
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Čekala sam momenat kada
01:44
that I could go off and read my books.
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bih mogla da se povučem i čitam knjige.
01:47
But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase,
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Kada sam po prvi put uzela knjigu iz kofera,
01:49
the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me
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najpopularnija devojka u grupi mi je prišla
01:51
and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" --
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i pitala me: "Zašto si tako povučena?" -
01:54
mellow, of course, being the exact opposite
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povučen je naravno potpuna suprotnost
01:56
of R-O-W-D-I-E.
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b-u-č-m-o-m.
01:58
And then the second time I tried it,
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Kada sam drugi put pokušala,
02:00
the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face
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vođa kampa mi je prišla zabrinutog izraza lica
02:03
and she repeated the point about camp spirit
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i ponovila mi je kako je važan duh kampa
02:05
and said we should all work very hard
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i koliko je važno da se trudimo
02:07
to be outgoing.
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da budemo otvoreni.
02:09
And so I put my books away,
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Sklonila sam svoje knjige,
02:12
back in their suitcase,
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stavila ih u kofer,
02:15
and I put them under my bed,
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ispod kreveta,
02:19
and there they stayed for the rest of the summer.
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i tamo su provele celo leto.
02:21
And I felt kind of guilty about this.
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Osećala sam se krivom zbog toga.
02:23
I felt as if the books needed me somehow,
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Osećala sam da sam potrebna knjigama,
02:25
and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.
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i zvale su me, a ja sam ih izneverila.
02:28
But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again
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I izneverila sam ih, nisam otvorila kofer
02:30
until I was back home with my family
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dok se nisam vratila svojoj porodici,
02:32
at the end of the summer.
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na kraju leta.
02:34
Now, I tell you this story about summer camp.
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Ispričala sam vam priču o letnjoj školi.
02:37
I could have told you 50 others just like it --
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Mogla bih još 50 istih da vam ispričam,
02:40
all the times that I got the message
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svaki put mi je preneta poruka da
02:42
that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being
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moj tih i introvertan način postojanja,
02:46
was not necessarily the right way to go,
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nije neophodno i ispravan pristup životu,
02:48
that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert.
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da bi trebalo da se potrudim da budem ekstrovertnija.
02:51
And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong
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Uvek sam duboko u sebi osećala da je to pogrešno,
02:54
and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were.
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i da su introvertne osobe odlične takve kakve jesu.
02:56
But for years I denied this intuition,
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Godinama sam potiskivala taj predosećaj,
02:59
and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things,
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pa sam od svega postala advokat na Vol Stritu,
03:02
instead of the writer that I had always longed to be --
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a ne pisac, što sam oduvek želela da budem,
03:05
partly because I needed to prove to myself
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delom i zbog toga što sam morala da dokažem sebi,
03:07
that I could be bold and assertive too.
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da mogu takođe biti neustrašiva i samouverena.
03:09
And I was always going off to crowded bars
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Izlazila sam u prepune barove,
03:11
when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends.
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a ustvari sam želela da odem na večeru sa prijateljima.
03:14
And I made these self-negating choices
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Refleksno sam donosila odluke
03:17
so reflexively,
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koje nisu u skladu sa mnom,
03:19
that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.
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da nisam bila ni svesna da ih donosim.
03:22
Now this is what many introverts do,
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To rade mnoge introvertne osobe,
03:24
and it's our loss for sure,
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to je zasigurno gubitak,
03:26
but it is also our colleagues' loss
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ali je i gubitak za naše saradnike,
03:28
and our communities' loss.
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za našu zajednicu.
03:30
And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss.
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Zvučaću možda dramatično, ali to je gubitak i za svet.
03:33
Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership,
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U kreativnosti i upravljanju je neophodno da
03:36
we need introverts doing what they do best.
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introvertne osobe čine ono u čemu su najbolje.
03:39
A third to a half of the population are introverts --
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Trećina do polovine populacije je introvertna,
03:41
a third to a half.
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trećina do polovine.
03:43
So that's one out of every two or three people you know.
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Znači, pričamo o jednoj od dve ili tri osobe koju poznajete.
03:46
So even if you're an extrovert yourself,
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Čak iako ste vi ekstrovertni,
03:49
I'm talking about your coworkers
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pomislite na svoje kolege,
03:51
and your spouses and your children
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partnere i decu,
03:53
and the person sitting next to you right now --
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na osobu koja baš sada sedi pored vas,
03:56
all of them subject to this bias
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na sve njih se primenjuje ova slika
03:58
that is pretty deep and real in our society.
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koja je poprilično ukorenjena u našem društvu.
04:00
We all internalize it from a very early age
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Svi to usvojimo veoma rano u životu,
04:03
without even having a language for what we're doing.
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pre nego što možemo i da verbalizujemo to što radimo.
04:06
Now to see the bias clearly
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Da biste jasno uvideli problem,
04:08
you need to understand what introversion is.
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morate razumeti šta je introvertnost.
04:11
It's different from being shy.
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To nije stidljivost.
04:13
Shyness is about fear of social judgment.
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Stid je povezan sa strahom od društvene osude.
04:15
Introversion is more about,
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Intorvertnost se odnosi na
04:17
how do you respond to stimulation,
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način kako odgovarate na nadražaje,
04:19
including social stimulation.
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uključujući i društvene stimuluse.
04:21
So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation,
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Ekstrovertne osobe traže mnogo nadražaja,
04:24
whereas introverts feel at their most alive
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dok se introvertni osećaju najbolje,
04:26
and their most switched-on and their most capable
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najbudnije, najproduktivnije kada
04:28
when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.
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se nalaze u tihom okruženju.
04:30
Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute --
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Ne sve vreme, to nije apsolutna stvar,
04:32
but a lot of the time.
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ali veoma često.
04:34
So the key then
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Ključna stvar u
04:36
to maximizing our talents
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izvlačenju maksimuma iz naših talenata
04:39
is for us all to put ourselves
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je da se svi mi nađemo u okruženju
04:41
in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.
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koje nama prija.
04:44
But now here's where the bias comes in.
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U ovom momentu se susrećemo sa predrasudama.
04:46
Our most important institutions,
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Najvažnije institucije našeg društva,
04:48
our schools and our workplaces,
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škole i radna mesta,
04:50
they are designed mostly for extroverts
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su dizajnirane za ekstrovertne osobe,
04:52
and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation.
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i prema njihovim potrebama za mnogo stimulacije.
04:55
And also we have this belief system right now
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Takođe, trenutno slavimo i sistem verovanja
04:59
that I call the new groupthink,
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koji ja nazivam novo kolektivno razmišljanje,
05:01
which holds that all creativity and all productivity
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koji podrazumeva da sva kreativnost i stvaranje
05:04
comes from a very oddly gregarious place.
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dolazi sa nekog čudnog društvenog mesta.
05:09
So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays:
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Zamislite klasičnu učionicu danas:
05:11
When I was going to school,
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Kada sam ja išla u školu
05:13
we sat in rows.
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sedeli smo u klupama.
05:15
We sat in rows of desks like this,
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Sedeli smo u klupama poređanim u redove,
05:17
and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.
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i veći deo zadataka smo obavljali nezavisno.
05:19
But nowadays, your typical classroom
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Ali danas su u klasičnoj učionici
05:21
has pods of desks --
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radni stolovi spojeni,
05:23
four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other.
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četvoro, petoro, šestoro ili sedmoro dece sede zajedno.
05:26
And kids are working in countless group assignments.
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Deca rade na bezbrojnim grupnim zadacima.
05:28
Even in subjects like math and creative writing,
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Čak i u slučaju matematike i kreativnog pisanja,
05:31
which you think would depend on solo flights of thought,
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za koje biste mislili da zavise od individulanih razmišljanja,
05:34
kids are now expected to act as committee members.
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očekujemo danas od dece da funkcionišu kao grupa.
05:38
And for the kids who prefer
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A decu koja više vole
05:40
to go off by themselves or just to work alone,
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da su sama sa sobom ili da rade sama,
05:42
those kids are seen as outliers often
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doživljavamo kao izuzetke
05:44
or, worse, as problem cases.
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ili još gore kao problematične osobe.
05:48
And the vast majority of teachers reports believing
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Većina nastavnika veruje
05:51
that the ideal student is an extrovert
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da su idealni učenici ekstrovertne osobe,
05:53
as opposed to an introvert,
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a ne introvertne,
05:55
even though introverts actually get better grades
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iako je istraživanje pokazalo da
05:57
and are more knowledgeable,
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introvertni đaci imaju bolje ocene
05:59
according to research.
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i više znanja.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
06:03
Okay, same thing is true in our workplaces.
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Okej, ista stvar se dešava na našim poslovima.
06:06
Now, most of us work in open plan offices,
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Većina nas radi u kancelarijama bez zidova,
06:09
without walls,
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otvorenom prostoru,
06:11
where we are subject
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gde smo izloženi
06:13
to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers.
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konstantnoj buci i pogledima saradnika.
06:15
And when it comes to leadership,
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Introvertne osobe uglavnom
06:17
introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,
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ne dobijaju čelne pozicije,
06:19
even though introverts tend to be very careful,
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iako su introvertne osobe veoma pažljive,
06:21
much less likely to take outsize risks --
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manja je verovatnoća da se upuste u velike rizike,
06:23
which is something we might all favor nowadays.
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što bi trebalo da poštujemo u današnje vreme.
06:27
And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School
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Adam Grant je u školi "Wharton" sproveo interesantno istraživanje
06:30
has found that introverted leaders
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koje je ukazalo da introvertne vođe
06:32
often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do,
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često dolaze do boljih rezultata u odnosu na ekstrovertne,
06:34
because when they are managing proactive employees,
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jer kada posluju sa proaktivnim ljudima,
06:37
they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas,
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postoji veća šansa da dozvole zaposlenima da slede svoje ideje,
06:40
whereas an extrovert can, quite unwittingly,
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dok ekstrovertne osobe nenamerno
06:42
get so excited about things
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budu toliko ushićene stvarima,
06:44
that they're putting their own stamp on things,
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da prosto sve vode po svom nahođenju,
06:46
and other people's ideas might not as easily then
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i ideje drugih ljudi ne isplivaju
06:48
bubble up to the surface.
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na površinu tako lagano.
06:51
Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts.
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Činjenica je da su vođe koje su dovele do velikih promena bile intorvertne osobe.
06:54
I'll give you some examples.
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Evo nekoliko primera.
06:56
Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --
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Eleonora Ruzvelt, Roza Parks, Gandi,
06:59
all these peopled described themselves
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oni su sami sebe opisali kao
07:01
as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.
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tihe i nenametljive osobe, čak stidljive.
07:04
And they all took the spotlight,
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Svi oni su preuzeli palicu,
07:06
even though every bone in their bodies
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iako im je svaki atom njihovog bića
07:08
was telling them not to.
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govorio da ne rade to.
07:11
And this turns out to have a special power all its own,
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Ispostavilo se da je to imalo posebne moći,
07:13
because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm,
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jer su ljudi prosto osetili da su oni vođe
07:16
not because they enjoyed directing others
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ne zato što uživaju u tome da komanduju drugima,
07:18
and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;
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ne zato što uživaju da budu u žiži dešavanja,
07:20
they were there because they had no choice,
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već zato što nisu imali izbora,
07:22
because they were driven to do what they thought was right.
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zato što ih je vodila misao da treba da urade ono što smatraju ispravnim.
07:26
Now I think at this point it's important for me to say
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Smatram da je važno da u ovom trenutku istaknem
07:29
that I actually love extroverts.
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da ja volim ekstrovertne osobe.
07:32
I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts,
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Uvek naglašavam da su neki od mojih najboljih prijatelja ekstrovertni,
07:35
including my beloved husband.
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uključujući i mog voljenog muža.
07:39
And we all fall at different points, of course,
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Naravno, svi se mi nalazimo negde na skali
07:41
along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.
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između ekstrema introvertno-ekstrovertno.
07:44
Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said
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Čak je i Karl Jung, psiholog koji je popularizovao ove pojmove,
07:47
that there's no such thing as a pure introvert
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rekao da ne postoji isključivo introvertna
07:49
or a pure extrovert.
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ili isključivo ekstrovertna osoba.
07:51
He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum,
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Rekao je da bi takav čovek trebalo da bude u ludnici,
07:53
if he existed at all.
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ukoliko bi uopšte postojao.
07:56
And some people fall smack in the middle
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Neki ljudi se nalaze tačno na sredini
07:58
of the introvert/extrovert spectrum,
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ovog spektra,
08:00
and we call these people ambiverts.
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to su ambivertne osobe.
08:02
And I often think that they have the best of all worlds.
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Često pomislim kako su dobili najbolje iz oba sveta.
08:06
But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.
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Mnogi smatraju sebe ili jednim ili drugim tipom.
08:09
And what I'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance.
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Ja želim da poručim da nam je potrebna bolja kulturološa ravnoteža.
08:12
We need more of a yin and yang
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Treba nam više jin i jang odnosa
08:14
between these two types.
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između ova dva tipa.
08:16
This is especially important
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Ovo je naročito važno u domenu
08:18
when it comes to creativity and to productivity,
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kreativnosti i stvaralaštva,
08:20
because when psychologists look
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s obzirom da nam psiholozi govore
08:22
at the lives of the most creative people,
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da mnoge kreativne osobe
08:24
what they find
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uspešno
08:26
are people who are very good at exchanging ideas
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ramenjuju i razvijaju
08:28
and advancing ideas,
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svoje ideje,
08:30
but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.
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ali imaju izraženu introvertnu crtu u sebi.
08:33
And this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often
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To se dešava zato što je često sastavni deo
08:35
to creativity.
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kreativnosti - osamljivanje.
08:37
So Darwin,
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Darvin je imao običaj
08:39
he took long walks alone in the woods
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da odlazi u duge šetnje u šumi,
08:41
and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations.
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i ljubazno je odbijao pozive za večere.
08:44
Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,
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Teodor Gajzel, poznatiji kao dr Sus,
08:47
he dreamed up many of his amazing creations
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je izmaštao mnoga svoja neverovatna dela
08:49
in a lonely bell tower office that he had
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u usamljenoj kancelariji u potkrovlju
08:51
in the back of his house in La Jolla, California.
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svoje kuće u La Hoji, u Kaliforniji.
08:54
And he was actually afraid to meet
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Plašio se upoznavanja dece,
08:56
the young children who read his books
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njegove publike,
08:58
for fear that they were expecting him
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jer se plašio da ga oni zamišljaju
09:00
this kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure
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kao veselog Deda Mraza,
09:02
and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona.
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i da bi bili razočarani njegovim rezervisanim stavom.
09:06
Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer
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Stiv Voznijak je izumeo prvi Epl računar,
09:08
sitting alone in his cubical
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dok je sam sedeo u svojoj kancelariji
09:10
in Hewlett-Packard where he was working at the time.
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u Hjulit-Pakard firmi gde je tada radio.
09:12
And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place
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On objašanjava kako nikada ne bi postao takav stručnjak,
09:15
had he not been too introverted to leave the house
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da nije bio toliko povučen u sebe i nije napuštao kuću
09:18
when he was growing up.
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u detinjstvu.
09:20
Now of course,
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Naravno,
09:23
this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating --
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sve ovo ne znači da ne treba da sarađujemo,
09:26
and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs
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tome u prilog ide i čuveno upoznavanje Stiva Voznijaka i Stiva Džobsa,
09:29
to start Apple Computer --
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koji su osnovali Epl kompaniju.
09:32
but it does mean that solitude matters
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Ali znači da je usamljenost značajna,
09:35
and that for some people
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i da je nekim ljudima
09:37
it is the air that they breathe.
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apsolutno neophodna.
09:39
And in fact, we have known for centuries
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Činjenica je da nam je vekovima poznata
09:42
about the transcendent power of solitude.
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transcedentalna moć osamljivanja.
09:45
It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it.
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Od skora smo počeli da zaboravljamo to.
09:48
If you look at most of the world's major religions,
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Ukoliko analizirate najveće svetske religije,
09:51
you will find seekers --
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svi poslanici,
09:53
Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --
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Mojsije, Isus, Buda, Muhamed,
09:56
seekers who are going off by themselves
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oni odlaze
09:58
alone to the wilderness
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u divljinu, sami,
10:00
where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations
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gde doživljavaju duboka prosvetljenja i otkrića,
10:02
that they then bring back to the rest of the community.
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koje zatim prenose svojoj zajednici.
10:05
So no wilderness, no revelations.
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Dakle, bez divljine nema ni otkrića.
10:09
This is no surprise though
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Ukoliko razmotrite savremenu psihologiju,
10:11
if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology.
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to nije iznenađujuće.
10:14
It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people
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Ispostavlja se da mi ne možemo biti deo grupe,
10:17
without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions.
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a da instiktivno ne reflektujemo i oponašamo mišljenja drugih.
10:20
Even about seemingly personal and visceral things
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Čak i kada su u pitanju stvari koje se čine ličnim i suštinskim,
10:22
like who you're attracted to,
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kao: ko vam se sviđa,
10:24
you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you
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počećete da imitirate verovanja ljudi oko vas,
10:27
without even realizing that that's what you're doing.
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a i da ne shvatite da to radite.
10:29
And groups famously follow the opinions
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Grupe tradicionalno slede mišljenja
10:32
of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room,
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najdominantnije i najharizmatičnije osobe,
10:34
even though there's zero correlation
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iako ne postoji veza između
10:36
between being the best talker and having the best ideas --
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dobrog govorništva i dobrih ideja,
10:39
I mean zero.
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zaista je nema.
10:41
So ...
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Tako da...
10:43
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
10:45
You might be following the person with the best ideas,
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Tako da možda sledite osobu koja ima najbolje ideje,
10:48
but you might not.
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ali možda i ne.
10:50
And do you really want to leave it up to chance?
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Da li zaista želite da prepustite to slučaju?
10:53
Much better for everybody to go off by themselves,
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Bilo bi mnogo bolje za sve da se osame,
10:55
generate their own ideas
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dođu do svojih ideja
10:57
freed from the distortions of group dynamics,
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kada su oslobođeni pritiska grupe,
10:59
and then come together as a team
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a onda da se okupe
11:01
to talk them through in a well-managed environment
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i porazgovaraju o idejama u dobro regulisanoj sredini
11:04
and take it from there.
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i nastave od te tačke.
11:06
Now if all this is true,
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Ukoliko je sve ovo tačno,
11:08
then why are we getting it so wrong?
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zašto to i ne shvatimo?
11:11
Why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces?
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Zašto su škole i radna mesta organizovana na taj način?
11:13
And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty
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Zašto introvertnim osobama namećemo osećaj krivice
11:15
about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time?
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što ponekada žele da se odvoje od drugih?
11:19
One answer lies deep in our cultural history.
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Deo odgovora je u istoriji naše kulture.
11:22
Western societies,
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Zapadno društvo,
11:24
and in particular the U.S.,
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a naročito Sjedinjene Države,
11:26
have always favored the man of action
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je uvek veličalo ljude od akcije,
11:28
over the man of contemplation
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na uštrb mislioca,
11:30
and "man" of contemplation.
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i "čoveka koji razmišlja".
11:34
But in America's early days,
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Ali ranu istoriju Amerike,
11:37
we lived in what historians call a culture of character,
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karakteriše ono što istoričari nazivaju kulturom karaktera,
11:40
where we still, at that point, valued people
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tada smo još uvek vrednovali
11:42
for their inner selves and their moral rectitude.
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duhovnost ljudi i njihove moralne osobine.
11:45
And if you look at the self-help books from this era,
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Ukoliko analizirate knjige samopomoći iz tog perioda,
11:47
they all had titles with things like
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sve su imale naslove tipa
11:49
"Character, the Grandest Thing in the World."
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"Karakter, najveća stvar na svetu".
11:52
And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln
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Te knjige su slavile uzore kao što je Abraham Linkoln,
11:55
who was praised for being modest and unassuming.
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koji je poštovan zvog svoje umerenosti i nepretencioznosti.
11:57
Ralph Waldo Emerson called him
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Ralf Valdo Emerson ga je nazvao
11:59
"A man who does not offend by superiority."
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"čovekom koji ne koristi svoju superiornost."
12:02
But then we hit the 20th century
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Početkom 20. veka
12:05
and we entered a new culture
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ušli smo u novo razdoblje kulture,
12:07
that historians call the culture of personality.
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koje istoričari nazivaju kulturom ličnosti.
12:09
What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy
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Desilo se to da smo razvili agroekonomije
12:11
to a world of big business.
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do razmera svetskih poslovanja.
12:13
And so suddenly people are moving
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Odjednom ljudi počinju da napuštaju
12:15
from small towns to the cities.
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mala mesta i odlaze u gradove.
12:17
And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives,
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Sada se ljudi dokazuju gomili stranaca,
12:20
now they are having to prove themselves
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a ne rade zajedno sa onima koje su poznavali
12:22
in a crowd of strangers.
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celog života.
12:24
So, quite understandably,
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Tako da je razumljivo da su
12:26
qualities like magnetism and charisma
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osobine kao što su privlačnost i harizmatičnost
12:28
suddenly come to seem really important.
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iznenada postale veoma značajne.
12:30
And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs
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Naravno, knjige samopomoći su promenile svoje nazive
12:33
and they start to have names
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kako bi zadovoljile prohteve u
12:35
like "How to Win Friends and Influence People."
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"Kako osvojiti prijtalje i uticati na ljude".
12:37
And they feature as their role models
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Kao uzore propagiraju
12:39
really great salesmen.
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zaista uspešne trgovce.
12:42
So that's the world we're living in today.
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To je svet u kom živimo danas.
12:44
That's our cultural inheritance.
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To je naše kulturno nasleđe.
12:48
Now none of this is to say
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Ja ne impliciram da je
12:50
that social skills are unimportant,
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društvena snalažljivost nevažna,
12:53
and I'm also not calling
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i ne pozivan na ukidanje
12:55
for the abolishing of teamwork at all.
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timskog rada.
12:58
The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops
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Religije koje su slale svoje poklonike na usamljene vrhove planina,
13:01
also teach us love and trust.
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nas podučavaju ljubavi i poverenju.
13:04
And the problems that we are facing today
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Problemi sa kojima se suočavamo u
13:06
in fields like science and in economics
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nauci i tehnonologiji našeg vremena
13:08
are so vast and so complex
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su takvih razmera, da su
13:10
that we are going to need armies of people coming together
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neophodne vojske ljudi koje udruženim snagama
13:12
to solve them working together.
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rade na rešavanju istih.
13:14
But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves,
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Prosto poručujem da što više slobode damo intorvertnim osobama,
13:17
the more likely that they are
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veća je verovatnoća da dođu do
13:19
to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.
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svojih jedinstvenih rešenja za ove probleme.
13:24
So now I'd like to share with you
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Volela bih sada da podelim ono
13:26
what's in my suitcase today.
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što je danas u mom koferu.
13:33
Guess what?
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Pogađate?
13:35
Books.
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Knjige.
13:37
I have a suitcase full of books.
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Moj kofer je pun knjiga.
13:39
Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."
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"Mačje oko" Margaret Atvud.
13:41
Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.
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Roman Milana Kundere.
13:44
And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed"
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I Majmonidov
13:46
by Maimonides.
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"Vodič zbunjenima".
13:49
But these are not exactly my books.
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Ali ovo nisu zaista moje knjige.
13:52
I brought these books with me
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Ponela sam ih jer su ih napisali
13:54
because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.
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omiljeni pisci moga dede.
13:58
My grandfather was a rabbi
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Moj deda je bio rabin,
14:00
and he was a widower
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bio je udovac i
14:02
who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn
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živeo je sam u malom stanu u Bruklinu,
14:05
that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up,
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a to je bilo moje omiljeno mesto u detinjstvu,
14:08
partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence
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delom zato što je bilo ispunjeno njegovim finim i gospodsvetnim prisustvom,
14:11
and partly because it was filled with books.
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a delom zbog toga što je bilo ispunjeno knjigama.
14:14
I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment
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Zaista, bukvalno, svaki sto, svaka stolica u stanu
14:17
had yielded its original function
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nisu služili iskonskim funkcijama,
14:19
to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books.
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već kao podloge za gomile knjiga.
14:22
Just like the rest of my family,
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Kao i svima u mojoj porodici
14:24
my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.
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omiljena delatnost moga dede je bila da čita.
14:27
But he also loved his congregation,
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Ali je voleo i svoje propovedi
14:30
and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave
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i mogli ste da osetite tu ljubav u njegovim službama
14:33
every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi.
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svake nedelje u toku 62 godine dok je bio rabin.
14:37
He would takes the fruits of each week's reading
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Mudrosti iz knjiga koje je čitao svake nedelje, složene
14:40
and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought.
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slojeve stare i humanističke misli utkao bi u propovedi.
14:43
And people would come from all over
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Ljudi bi dolazili sa svih strana
14:45
to hear him speak.
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da ga slušaju.
14:47
But here's the thing about my grandfather.
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Ali u ovome je caka kod moga dede.
14:50
Underneath this ceremonial role,
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Ispod te ceremonijalne ljušture,
14:52
he was really modest and really introverted --
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bio je veoma skroman i introvertan,
14:55
so much so that when he delivered these sermons,
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toliko da mu, tokom same službe, nije bilo lako da
14:58
he had trouble making eye contact
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uspostavi kontakt očima
15:00
with the very same congregation
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sa istim ljudima kojima je držao službe
15:02
that he had been speaking to for 62 years.
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već šezdeset i dve godine.
15:04
And even away from the podium,
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Čak i van sinagoge,
15:06
when you called him to say hello,
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on bi i same razgovore
15:08
he would often end the conversation prematurely
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završavao prebrzo, jer nije želeo
15:10
for fear that he was taking up too much of your time.
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da oduzima bilo kome previše vremena.
15:14
But when he died at the age of 94,
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Kada je umro u 94. godini
15:17
the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood
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milicija je morala da zaustavi saobraćaj u komšiluku
15:20
to accommodate the crowd of people
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kako bi se smestili svi ljudi
15:22
who came out to mourn him.
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koji su došli da ga isprate.
15:26
And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example
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Pokušavam na svoj način da
15:29
in my own way.
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naučim nešto do mog dede.
15:31
So I just published a book about introversion,
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Upravo sam objavila knjigu o introvertnosti,
15:34
and it took me about seven years to write.
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trebalo mi je oko sedam godina da je napišem.
15:36
And for me, that seven years was like total bliss,
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To su za mene bile blagoslovene godine
15:39
because I was reading, I was writing,
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jer sam čitala, pisala,
15:42
I was thinking, I was researching.
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razmišljala i istaživala.
15:44
It was my version
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To je bila moja verzija
15:46
of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library.
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dana u biblioteci moga dede.
15:49
But now all of a sudden my job is very different,
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Ali iznenada moj posao je potpuno drukčiji,
15:52
and my job is to be out here talking about it,
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treba da držim predavanja,
15:55
talking about introversion.
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da pričam o introvertnosti.
15:58
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
16:02
And that's a lot harder for me,
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To mi mnogo teže pada,
16:04
because as honored as I am
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jer koliko god da sam počastvovana,
16:06
to be here with all of you right now,
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da sam ovde sa vama,
16:08
this is not my natural milieu.
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to nije moja prirodna okolina.
16:11
So I prepared for moments like these
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Pripremala sam se za ovakve nastupe
16:13
as best I could.
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što sam bolje mogla.
16:15
I spent the last year practicing public speaking
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Prošle godine sam vežbala javne nastupe
16:17
every chance I could get.
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kada god mi se ukazala prilika.
16:19
And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously."
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Ovo je moja "godina opasnih predavanja".
16:22
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
16:24
And that actually helped a lot.
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To mi je mnogo pomoglo.
16:26
But I'll tell you, what helps even more
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Ali ono što mi još više pomaže
16:28
is my sense, my belief, my hope
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je moj osećaj, verovanje, nada
16:31
that when it comes to our attitudes
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da su naši stavovi prema
16:33
to introversion and to quiet and to solitude,
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introvertnosti, nenametljivim osobama i samoći
16:35
we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change.
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zaista na samom pragu dramatičnih promena.
16:37
I mean, we are.
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Zaista to mislim.
16:39
And so I am going to leave you now
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Završiću svoje izlaganje
16:41
with three calls for action
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pozivom na delanje
16:43
for those who share this vision.
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onima koji imaju stav sličan mom.
16:45
Number one:
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Broj jedan:
16:47
Stop the madness for constant group work.
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Prestanite sa preokupiranošću timskim radom.
16:49
Just stop it.
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Prosto, prestanite.
16:51
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
16:54
Thank you.
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Hvala.
16:56
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
16:58
And I want to be clear about what I'm saying,
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Želim da jasno iznesem svoje stavove,
17:00
because I deeply believe our offices
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jer zaista verujem da naša radna sredina
17:02
should be encouraging
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treba da promoviše
17:04
casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions --
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kulture neobaveznih razgovora,
17:06
you know, the kind where people come together
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prijatnu atmosferu gde se ljudi okupe
17:08
and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas.
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i spontano razmene ideje.
17:10
That is great.
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To je odlično.
17:12
It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts.
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To prija i introvertnim i ekstrovertnim osobama.
17:14
But we need much more privacy and much more freedom
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Potrebno nam je više privatnosti i slobode,
17:16
and much more autonomy at work.
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i mnogo, mnogo više nazavisnosti u radu.
17:18
School, same thing.
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Ista stvar je preslikana u školama.
17:20
We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure,
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Neophodno je da učimo decu kako da rade zajedno,
17:23
but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.
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ali važno je i da ih naučimo kako da rade sami.
17:25
This is especially important for extroverted children too.
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Ovo je takođe veoma važno za ekstrovertnu decu.
17:28
They need to work on their own
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Moraju da rade sami,
17:30
because that is where deep thought comes from in part.
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jer se delom velike misli na taj način rađaju.
17:32
Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.
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Okej, druga misao: idite u divljinu.
17:35
Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.
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Budite kao Buda, dođite do svojih otkrića.
17:38
I'm not saying
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Ne propagiram ideju
17:40
that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods
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da svi treba da izgradimo kolibe u šumi
17:43
and never talk to each other again,
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i nikada više ne progovorimo međusobno,
17:46
but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug
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ali predlažem da treba da se isključimo
17:48
and get inside our own heads
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i pozabavimo se svojim mislima
17:50
a little more often.
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malo češće.
17:54
Number three:
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Broj tri:
17:57
Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase
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Razmislite dobro o stvarima koje ste stavili u kofer
17:59
and why you put it there.
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i zašto ste ih tamo stavili.
18:01
So extroverts,
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Ekstroverti,
18:03
maybe your suitcases are also full of books.
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možda su vaši koferi takođe puni knjiga.
18:05
Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses
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Ili možda čaša za šampanjac
18:07
or skydiving equipment.
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ili padobrana.
18:10
Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get
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Šta god da je u pitanju, nadam se da se bavite time kada god možete
18:14
and grace us with your energy and your joy.
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i počastvujete nas tako svojom energijom i radošću.
18:17
But introverts, you being you,
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Ali introvertne osobe, takvi kakvi ste
18:20
you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully
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verovatno imate potrebu da pažljivo čuvate
18:22
what's inside your own suitcase.
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sadržaj vaših kofera.
18:24
And that's okay.
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To je u redu.
18:26
But occasionally, just occasionally,
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Ali s vremena na vreme, samo ponekad,
18:28
I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see,
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nadam se da ćete otvoriti svoj kofer kako bi to i drugi ljudi videli,
18:31
because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.
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jer ste ovom svetu neophodni vi i stvari koje sa sobom nosite.
18:36
So I wish you the best of all possible journeys
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Želim vam najbolje moguće putovanje
18:38
and the courage to speak softly.
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i hrabrost da tiho pričate.
18:41
Thank you very much.
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Mnogo vam hvala.
18:43
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
18:47
Thank you. Thank you.
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Hvala vam. Hvala vam.
18:50
(Applause)
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(aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Susan Cain - Quiet revolutionaryOur world prizes extroverts—but Susan Cain makes a case for the quiet and contemplative. She reaches millions of people through her books, podcasts and her mission-based organization, Quiet Revolution, which empowers introverts for the benefit of everyone.
Why you should listen
Susan Cain is a former corporate lawyer and negotiations consultant -- and a self-described introvert. At least one-third of the people we know are introverts, notes Cain in her book QUIET: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking. Although our culture undervalues them dramatically, introverts have made some of the great contributions to society -- from Chopin's nocturnes to the invention of the personal computer to Ghandi's transformative leadership. Cain argues that we design our schools, workplaces and religious institutions for extroverts, and that this bias creates a waste of talent, energy and happiness. Based on intensive research in psychology and neurobiology and on prolific interviews, she also explains why introverts are capable of great love and great achievement, not in spite of their temperament -- but because of them.
In 2015 Susan Cain announced the launch of her mission-based organization Quiet Revolution that aims to change the lives of introverts by empowering them with the information, tools and resources they need to survive and thrive.
In the workplace, companies are not fully harnessing the talents of their introverted employees and leadership teams are often imbalanced with many more extroverts than introverts. The Quiet Leadership Institute has worked with companies from LinkedIn to GE to Procter and Gamble to help them achieve their potential by providing learning experiences that unlock the power of introverts.
At the heart and center of the Quiet Revolution is empowering the next generation of children to know their own strengths and be freed from the sense of inadequacy that has shadowed the children of previous generations. Susan's second book, Quiet Power, is written for teens and young adults but also serves as a tool for teachers and parents. In addition, Susan has created a portal and a online learning experience for the parents of quiet children and has also established the Quiet Schools Network. Susan's podcast, Quiet: The Power of Introverts debuted in February 2016 as a 10-part series designed to give parents and teachers the tools they need to empower quiet kids.
Susan and the Quiet Revolution have received numerous accolades and press including Fortune magazine, The New York Times, NPRand many more.
Susan Cain | Speaker | TED.com