TEDGlobal 2014
Joe Landolina: This gel can make you stop bleeding instantly
Joe Landolina: Tento gél odokáže okamžite zastaviť krvácanie
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,841,025 views
Zabudnite na štichy – existuje aj lepší spôsob, ako zatvoriť rany. V tomto príhovore TED Fellow Joe Landolina hovorí o svojom vynáleze – géle, ktorý dokáže okamžite zastaviť traumatické krvácanie bez toho, aby sa na ranu vyvinul tlak. (Video obsahuje lekárske snímky.)
Joe Landolina - medical inventor
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of VETI-GEL. Full bio
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of VETI-GEL. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I want you guys to imagine
that you're a soldier
that you're a soldier
0
769
2558
Predstavte si, že ste vojak
00:15
running through the battlefield.
1
3327
1901
a práve bežíte cez bojisko.
00:17
Now, you're shot in the leg with a bullet,
2
5228
2216
Odrazu vás postrelia do nohy,
00:19
which severs your femoral artery.
3
7444
2227
čo vám presekne stehennú tepnu.
00:21
Now, this bleed is extremely traumatic
4
9671
2126
Toto krvácanie je traumatické
00:23
and can kill you in less
than three minutes.
than three minutes.
5
11797
2735
a môže vás zabiť do troch minút.
00:26
Unfortunately, by the time that a medic
6
14532
2068
Žiaľ, kým sa k vám
00:28
actually gets to you,
7
16600
1676
dostane lekár
a kým vás ošetrí,
00:30
what the medic has on his or her belt
8
18276
2251
00:32
can take five minutes or more,
9
20527
2260
môže to trvať 5 a viac minút,
00:34
with the application of pressure,
to stop that type of bleed.
to stop that type of bleed.
10
22787
3164
ak lekár na zastavenie
krvácania použije tlak.
krvácania použije tlak.
00:37
Now, this problem is
not only a huge problem
not only a huge problem
11
25951
2253
Toto je obrovský problém
00:40
for the military, but it's
also a huge problem
also a huge problem
12
28204
2689
nielen v armáde,
00:42
that's epidemic throughout
the entire medical field,
the entire medical field,
13
30893
2982
ale aj vo všetkých oblastiach medicíny.
00:45
which is how do we actually look at wounds
14
33875
2631
Ako teda budeme pristupovať
ku zraneniam a ako zastavíme krvácanie
00:48
and how do we stop them quickly
15
36506
1801
00:50
in a way that can work with the body?
16
38307
2361
za pomoci nášho vlastného tela?
00:52
So now, what I've been working
on for the last four years
on for the last four years
17
40668
2813
Posledné 4 roky som pracoval
00:55
is to develop smart biomaterials,
18
43481
2995
na vývoji inteligentných biomateriálov,
00:58
which are actually materials that will work
19
46476
1977
čo sú vlastne materiály,
01:00
with the body, helping it to heal
20
48453
2182
ktoré spolupracujú s telom,
pomáhajú mu liečiť sa
pomáhajú mu liečiť sa
01:02
and helping it to allow the
wounds to heal normally.
wounds to heal normally.
21
50635
4360
a umožňujú mu zahojiť rany
normálnym spôsobom.
normálnym spôsobom.
01:06
So now, before we do this, we
have to take a much closer look
have to take a much closer look
22
54995
3590
Predtým, ako sa k tomu dostaneme,
sa musíme pozrieť zblízka
sa musíme pozrieť zblízka
01:10
at actually how does the body work.
23
58585
2158
na to, ako naše telo funguje.
01:12
So now, everybody here knows
24
60743
1390
Všetci vieme,
01:14
that the body is made up of cells.
25
62133
2097
že telo sa skladá z buniek.
01:16
So the cell is the most basic unit of life.
26
64230
2717
Bunka je najzákladnejšou jednotkou života.
01:18
But not many people know what else.
27
66947
2464
Ale mnoho ľudí nevie,
akú funkciu ešte majú.
akú funkciu ešte majú.
01:21
But it actually turns out that your cells
28
69411
2531
Naše bunky sú usadené
01:23
sit in this mesh of complicated fibers,
29
71942
2744
v pletive komplikovaných vlákien,
01:26
proteins and sugars
30
74686
1633
bielkovín a cukrov,
ktoré sú známe
ako extracelulárny matrix (ECM).
ako extracelulárny matrix (ECM).
01:28
known as the extracellular matrix.
31
76319
2012
01:30
So now, the ECM
32
78331
1829
Takže ECM je vlastne
01:32
is actually this mesh that
holds the cells in place,
holds the cells in place,
33
80160
3030
tkanivo, ktoré udržiava bunky
na svojom mieste,
na svojom mieste,
01:35
provides structure for your tissues,
34
83190
1840
poskytuje štruktúru našim tkanivám,
01:37
but it also gives the cells a home.
35
85030
2446
ale je tiež domovom našich buniek.
01:39
It allows them to feel what they're doing,
36
87476
2127
Umožňuje im cítiť, čo robia,
01:41
where they are, and tells them
37
89603
1585
kde sú a hovorí im,
01:43
how to act and how to behave.
38
91188
2340
ako sa správať.
01:45
And it actually turns out that
the extracellular matrix
the extracellular matrix
39
93528
2932
A ukazuje sa, že extracelulárny matrix
01:48
is different from every
single part of the body.
single part of the body.
40
96460
2963
je odlišný v každej časti tela.
01:51
So the ECM in my skin
41
99423
1417
Takže ECM v mojej pokožke
01:52
is different than the ECM in my liver,
42
100840
2115
je iný ako ECM v mojej pečeni,
01:54
and the ECM in different
parts of the same organ
parts of the same organ
43
102955
2778
a ECM v rôznych častiach
toho istého orgánu
toho istého orgánu
01:57
actually vary, so it's very difficult
44
105733
2208
sa líšia, takže je veľmi ťažké
01:59
to be able to have a product
45
107941
1777
vynájsť produkt,
02:01
that will react to the
local extracellular matrix,
local extracellular matrix,
46
109718
2407
ktorý bude reagovať na lokálny ECM,
02:04
which is exactly what we're trying to do.
47
112125
2093
a o to sa my vlastne snažíme.
02:06
So now, for example,
think of the rainforest.
think of the rainforest.
48
114218
2722
Spomeňte si napríklad na dažďové pralesy.
02:08
You have the canopy,
you have the understory,
you have the understory,
49
116940
2385
V pralese je vrchná vrstva, potom spodná
02:11
and you have the forest floor.
50
119325
1575
a potom vrstva lesnej pôdy.
02:12
Now, all of these parts of the forest
51
120900
1785
Všetky tieto časti pralesa
02:14
are made up of different plants,
52
122685
1766
sú tvorené inými rastlinami
02:16
and different animals call them home.
53
124451
2418
a sú domovom iných druhov živočíchov.
02:18
So just like that, the extracellular matrix
54
126869
2311
Extracelulárny matrix je presne
02:21
is incredibly diverse in three dimensions.
55
129180
2792
tak isto rozmanitý vo svojich dimenziách.
02:23
On top of that, the extracellular matrix
56
131972
2917
Extracelulárny matrix je ale predovšetkým
02:26
is responsible for all wound healing,
57
134889
2531
zodpovedný za hojenie všetkých rán,
02:29
so if you imagine cutting the body,
58
137420
1755
takže ak sa zraníte,
02:31
you actually have to rebuild
59
139175
2025
telo musí vlastne prebudovať
02:33
this very complex ECM
60
141200
1957
tento veľmi zložitý ECM,
02:35
in order to get it to form again,
61
143157
2043
aby ste sa znova dostali do formy,
02:37
and a scar, in fact, is actually
62
145200
1579
pričom jazva je vlastne
02:38
poorly formed extracellular matrix.
63
146779
3454
nedostatočne sformovaný ECM.
02:42
So now, behind me is an animation
64
150233
2058
Za mnou vidíte animáciu
02:44
of the extracellular matrix.
65
152291
1608
extracelulárneho matrixu.
02:45
So as you see, your cells sit
in this complicated mesh
in this complicated mesh
66
153899
2656
Ako vidíte, vaše bunky sa nachádzajú
v tomto komplexnom pletive
v tomto komplexnom pletive
02:48
and as you move throughout the tissue,
67
156555
2632
a naprieč tkanivom
02:51
the extracellular matrix changes.
68
159187
2081
sa extracelulárny matrix mení.
02:53
So now every other piece
of technology on the market
of technology on the market
69
161268
2807
Takže každý druhý kus technológie na trhu
02:56
can only manage a two-
dimensional approximation
dimensional approximation
70
164075
3076
zvládne iba dvojdimenzionálne
prispôsobenie sa
prispôsobenie sa
02:59
of the extracellular matrix,
71
167151
1755
extracelulárnemu matrixu,
03:00
which means that it doesn't fit in
72
168906
1788
čo znamená, že nezapadá
03:02
with the tissue itself.
73
170694
1766
do samotného tkaniva.
03:04
So when I was a freshman at NYU,
74
172460
1800
Keď som bol prvák
na Newyorskej univerzite,
na Newyorskej univerzite,
03:06
what I discovered was
you could actually take
you could actually take
75
174260
2204
zistil som, že by sme mohli zobrať
03:08
small pieces of plant-derived polymers
76
176464
2521
kúsky polymérov izolovaných z rastlín
03:10
and reassemble them onto the wound.
77
178985
2654
a priložiť ich na ranu.
03:13
So if you have a bleeding
wound like the one behind me,
wound like the one behind me,
78
181639
2658
Čiže ak máte takú krvácajúcu ranu
ako vidíte za mnou,
ako vidíte za mnou,
03:16
you can actually put
our material onto this,
our material onto this,
79
184297
2573
môžete si na ňu priložiť náš materiál
03:18
and just like Lego blocks,
80
186870
1940
a ten, podobne ako kocky Lega,
03:20
it'll reassemble into the local tissue.
81
188810
2183
priľne na lokálne tkanivo.
To znamená, že ak ho priložíte na pečeň,
03:22
So that means if you put it onto liver,
82
190993
1866
03:24
it turns into something
that looks like liver,
that looks like liver,
83
192859
1751
zmení sa na niečo, čo vyzerá ako pečeň,
03:26
and if you put it onto skin,
84
194610
1523
a ak si ho priložíte na pokožku,
03:28
it turns into something
that looks just like skin.
that looks just like skin.
85
196133
2103
zmení sa na niečo, čo vyzerá ako pokožka.
Keď si aplikujete gél,
03:30
So when you put the gel on,
86
198236
1380
03:31
it actually reassembles
into this local tissue.
into this local tissue.
87
199616
3311
priľne a zmení sa na toto lokálne tkanivo.
03:34
So now, this has a whole
bunch of applications,
bunch of applications,
88
202927
3606
Dá sa to využiť mnohými spôsobmi,
03:38
but basically the idea is,
wherever you put this product,
wherever you put this product,
89
206533
2952
ide však hlavne o to,
že kamkoľvek si priložíte tento produkt,
že kamkoľvek si priložíte tento produkt,
03:41
you're able to reassemble
into it immediately.
into it immediately.
90
209485
2835
okamžite sa prispôsobí vášmu tkanivu.
03:44
Now, this is a simulated arterial bleed —
91
212320
2361
Toto je simulované krvácanie z artérie –
03:46
blood warning —
92
214681
1359
pozor, krv –
03:48
at twice human artery pressure.
93
216040
1800
tlak je 2x väčší ako zvyčajne v artérii.
03:49
So now, this type of bleed
is incredibly traumatic,
is incredibly traumatic,
94
217840
2433
Tento druh krvácania je extrémne náročný,
03:52
and like I said before,
would actually take
would actually take
95
220273
2227
a ako som už povedal,
03:54
five minutes or more with pressure
96
222500
1856
trvalo by asi 5 a viac minút
03:56
to be able to stop.
97
224356
1372
zastaviť ho tlačením.
03:57
Now, in the time that it takes
me to introduce the bleed itself,
me to introduce the bleed itself,
98
225728
3021
Za ten čas, čo vám tu
rozprávam o krvácaní,
rozprávam o krvácaní,
04:00
our material is able to stop that bleed,
99
228749
2129
by náš materiál už krvácanie zastavil,
04:02
and it's because it actually
goes on and works
goes on and works
100
230878
2276
pretože podporuje telo,
04:05
with the body to heal,
101
233154
1732
aby sa samé uzdravilo tak,
04:06
so it reassembles into this piece of meat,
102
234886
2372
že sa napojí na kus mäsa,
04:09
and then the blood actually recognizes
103
237258
2880
a krv rozpozná,
04:12
that that's happening,
and produces fibrin,
and produces fibrin,
104
240138
2587
že sa to deje a produkuje fibrín,
04:14
producing a very fast clot in less than 10 seconds.
105
242725
3745
vďaka tomu sa vytvorí krvná zrazenina
za menej ako 10 sekúnd.
za menej ako 10 sekúnd.
04:18
So now this technology — Thank you.
106
246470
1879
Takže túto technológiu – ďakujem vám.
04:20
(Applause)
107
248349
4384
(potlesk)
04:28
So now this technology, by January,
will be in the hands of veterinarians,
will be in the hands of veterinarians,
108
256606
3582
Takže túto technológiu budú
do januára používať veterinári
do januára používať veterinári
04:32
and we're working very diligently to
try to get it into the hands of doctors,
try to get it into the hands of doctors,
109
260188
3577
a my usilovne pracujeme na tom,
aby sme ju dostali aj k lekárom,
aby sme ju dostali aj k lekárom,
a dúfame, že sa to stane
v priebehu budúceho roka.
v priebehu budúceho roka.
04:35
hopefully within the next year.
110
263765
1765
04:37
But really, once again, I
want you guys to imagine
want you guys to imagine
111
265530
2607
Teraz si prosím znovu predstavte,
04:40
that you are a soldier running
through a battlefield.
through a battlefield.
112
268137
2023
že ste vojak bežiaci po bojisku.
04:42
Now, you get hit in the leg with a bullet,
113
270160
1767
Do nohy vás zasiahne guľka,
04:43
and instead of bleeding
out in three minutes,
out in three minutes,
114
271927
3333
ale namiesto toho,
aby ste vykrvácali do troch minút,
aby ste vykrvácali do troch minút,
04:47
you pull a small pack
of gel out of your belt,
of gel out of your belt,
115
275260
1988
vyberiete si z tašky malé balenie gélu
04:49
and with the press of a button,
116
277248
1327
a stlačením gombíka
04:50
you're able to stop your own bleed
117
278575
1409
si viete zastaviť vlastné krvácanie
04:51
and you're on your way to recovery.
118
279984
1909
a začínate sa uzdravovať.
04:53
Thank you very much.
119
281893
1890
Ďakujem pekne.
04:55
(Applause)
120
283783
4000
(potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joe Landolina - medical inventorJoe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of VETI-GEL.
Why you should listen
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of a gel that can instantly stop traumatic bleeding -- without the need to apply pressure. He recently built a state of the art manufacturing facility in Brooklyn, New York to bring the product to market.
More profile about the speakerJoe Landolina | Speaker | TED.com