ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joe Landolina - medical inventor
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of VETI-GEL.

Why you should listen
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of a gel that can instantly stop traumatic bleeding -- without the need to apply pressure. He recently built a state of the art manufacturing facility in Brooklyn, New York to bring the product to market.
More profile about the speaker
Joe Landolina | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2014

Joe Landolina: This gel can make you stop bleeding instantly

袓•蘭當列拿: 可立即止血的凝膠

Filmed:
1,841,025 views

忘掉縫合傷口吧 ﹣ 有更好方法讓傷口癒合。在這演講中,TED Fellow 袓•蘭當列拿 (Joe Landolina) 講述他的發明 — 一種醫用凝膠可以立刻停止創傷出血,且不需要施加壓力。(含醫學影像)
- medical inventor
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of VETI-GEL. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I want you guys to imagine想像
that you're a soldier士兵
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大家想像一下:你是一名士兵,
00:15
running賽跑 through通過 the battlefield戰場.
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正在戰場上奔跑。
00:17
Now, you're shot射擊 in the leg with a bullet子彈,
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現在你的腿被一顆子彈射中,
00:19
which哪一個 severs西弗斯 your femoral artery動脈.
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使你的股動脈撕裂,
00:21
Now, this bleed流血 is extremely非常 traumatic創傷
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現在,血流如注
00:23
and can kill you in less
than three minutes分鐘.
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三分鐘之內就可致命。
00:26
Unfortunately不幸, by the time that a medic軍醫
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不幸的是,等到救護兵
00:28
actually其實 gets得到 to you,
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總算來到你身邊時,
00:30
what the medic軍醫 has on his or her belt
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拿出他或她腰間的醫用設備,
00:32
can take five minutes分鐘 or more,
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可要花上五分鐘以上的時間,
00:34
with the application應用 of pressure壓力,
to stop that type類型 of bleed流血.
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通過施壓來止住出血。
00:37
Now, this problem問題 is
not only a huge巨大 problem問題
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現在,這個問題不止是軍隊的大問題,
00:40
for the military軍事, but it's
also a huge巨大 problem問題
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同樣也是涉及到
00:42
that's epidemic疫情 throughout始終
the entire整個 medical field領域,
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整個醫學界的大問題,
00:45
which哪一個 is how do we actually其實 look at wounds傷口
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我們究竟該如何看待傷口,
00:48
and how do we stop them quickly很快
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怎樣通過一種
符合身體運行機制的方法
00:50
in a way that can work with the body身體?
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盡快止血?
00:52
So now, what I've been working加工
on for the last four years年份
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所以,我在過去四年一直致力於
00:55
is to develop發展 smart聰明 biomaterials生物材料,
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開發智慧生物材料,
00:58
which哪一個 are actually其實 materials物料 that will work
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這些生物材料可以
01:00
with the body身體, helping幫助 it to heal癒合
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很好地在身體上作用,幫助治癒
01:02
and helping幫助 it to allow允許 the
wounds傷口 to heal癒合 normally一般.
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且幫助傷口正常癒合。
01:06
So now, before we do this, we
have to take a much closer接近 look
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所以在提及這些前,
我們要仔細研究一下
01:10
at actually其實 how does the body身體 work.
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身體究竟是怎樣運作的。
01:12
So now, everybody每個人 here knows知道
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在座大家都應知道
01:14
that the body身體 is made製作 up of cells細胞.
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身體是由細胞所構成的,
01:16
So the cell細胞 is the most basic基本 unit單元 of life.
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細胞是構成生命的最基本單位。
01:18
But not many許多 people know what else其他.
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但是大多數人對其他單位
卻甚少了解。
01:21
But it actually其實 turns out that your cells細胞
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事實上,你的細胞
01:23
sit in this mesh網孔 of complicated複雜 fibers纖維,
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散落在錯綜複雜的纖維、
01:26
proteins蛋白質 and sugars
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蛋白質和糖之間,
01:28
known已知 as the extracellular matrix矩陣.
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稱為細胞外基質 (ECM)。
01:30
So now, the ECMECM
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細胞外基質
01:32
is actually其實 this mesh網孔 that
holds持有 the cells細胞 in place地點,
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實際是一個可以固定細胞的網架結搆,
01:35
provides提供 structure結構體 for your tissues組織,
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給你的組織提供支撐,
01:37
but it also gives the cells細胞 a home.
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同樣也為細胞提供容身之所。
01:39
It allows允許 them to feel what they're doing,
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細胞外基質可以使細胞
了解它們正在做什麼,
01:41
where they are, and tells告訴 them
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它們在哪裡,並且告訴它們
01:43
how to act法案 and how to behave表現.
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該怎樣運作,怎樣表現。
01:45
And it actually其實 turns out that
the extracellular matrix矩陣
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此外,細胞外基質事實上
01:48
is different不同 from every一切
single part部分 of the body身體.
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在身體不同部位都不一樣的,
01:51
So the ECMECM in my skin皮膚
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就是說,皮膚細胞外基質
01:52
is different不同 than the ECMECM in my liver,
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與肝臟細胞外基質是不同的,
01:54
and the ECMECM in different不同
parts部分 of the same相同 organ器官
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而且在同一器官中的細胞外基質
01:57
actually其實 vary變化, so it's very difficult
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實際上也會有不同,所以很難實現
01:59
to be able能夠 to have a product產品
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生產一種產品
02:01
that will react應對 to the
local本地 extracellular matrix矩陣,
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可以跟不同部位的
細胞外基質產生反應,
02:04
which哪一個 is exactly究竟 what we're trying to do.
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而這正是我們要嘗試去做的事。
02:06
So now, for example,
think of the rainforest雨林.
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舉一個例子,想像一片熱帶雨林。
02:08
You have the canopy華蓋,
you have the understory林下,
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有樹冠層、有灌木層、
02:11
and you have the forest森林 floor地板.
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還有地面層。
02:12
Now, all of these parts部分 of the forest森林
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現在,森林裡所有這些組成部分
02:14
are made製作 up of different不同 plants植物,
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都孕育著不同的植物,
02:16
and different不同 animals動物 call them home.
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而不同動物稱之為家。
02:18
So just like that, the extracellular matrix矩陣
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所以就像這樣,細胞外基質
02:21
is incredibly令人難以置信 diverse多種 in three dimensions尺寸.
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在三維空間內存在
令人難以置信的多樣性。
02:23
On top最佳 of that, the extracellular matrix矩陣
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另外,細胞外基質
02:26
is responsible主管 for all wound傷口 healing復原,
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負責所有傷口癒合的工作,
02:29
so if you imagine想像 cutting切割 the body身體,
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如果你想像一下割破了身體,
02:31
you actually其實 have to rebuild重建
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實際上是要重建
02:33
this very complex複雜 ECMECM
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這個非常複雜的細胞外基質,
02:35
in order訂購 to get it to form形成 again,
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以便讓傷口重新癒合,
02:37
and a scar瘢痕, in fact事實, is actually其實
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而傷疤事實上是
02:38
poorly不好 formed形成 extracellular matrix矩陣.
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勉強重新組合的細胞外基質。
02:42
So now, behind背後 me is an animation動畫
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現在,在我的身後面是一個
02:44
of the extracellular matrix矩陣.
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關於細胞外基質的動畫。
02:45
So as you see, your cells細胞 sit
in this complicated複雜 mesh網孔
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你可以看到,細胞坐落在
這個複雜的網絡中,
02:48
and as you move移動 throughout始終 the tissue組織,
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並且隨著你在組織中移動,
02:51
the extracellular matrix矩陣 changes變化.
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細胞外基質也在變化著。
02:53
So now every一切 other piece
of technology技術 on the market市場
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所以現在市場上任何技術產品
02:56
can only manage管理 a two-二-
dimensional尺寸的 approximation近似
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都只能夠管理一個二維的
02:59
of the extracellular matrix矩陣,
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細胞外基質,
03:00
which哪一個 means手段 that it doesn't fit適合 in
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這就意味著它不能被
03:02
with the tissue組織 itself本身.
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置於組織當中。
03:04
So when I was a freshman新生 at NYUNYU,
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所以當我還是紐約大學
的一年級新生時,
03:06
what I discovered發現 was
you could actually其實 take
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我發現實際上可以
03:08
small pieces of plant-derived植物源 polymers聚合物
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提取小片由植物衍生的聚合物,
03:10
and reassemble重組 them onto the wound傷口.
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然後放在傷口上面,使它們重新聚合。
03:13
So if you have a bleeding流血的
wound傷口 like the one behind背後 me,
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所以如果你有一個類似
我身後正在流血的傷口,
03:16
you can actually其實 put
our material材料 onto this,
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你可以把我們的材料塗抹在上面,
03:18
and just like Lego樂高玩具 blocks,
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就像樂高磚一樣,
03:20
it'll它會 reassemble重組 into the local本地 tissue組織.
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它將會跟部位的組織重新聚合。
03:22
So that means手段 if you put it onto liver,
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這意味著如果你把它塗在肝臟上,
03:24
it turns into something
that looks容貌 like liver,
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它會轉化成一些像肝組織的東西,
03:26
and if you put it onto skin皮膚,
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如果你把它塗在皮膚上,
03:28
it turns into something
that looks容貌 just like skin皮膚.
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它會變成一些像皮膚組織的東西。
03:30
So when you put the gel凝膠 on,
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所以當你塗上這種凝膠,
03:31
it actually其實 reassembles重新組合
into this local本地 tissue組織.
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它會和相應部位的組織重新聚合。
03:34
So now, this has a whole整個
bunch of applications應用,
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因此這個材料有很多用途,
03:38
but basically基本上 the idea理念 is,
wherever哪裡 you put this product產品,
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但是最基本的思路就是,
不管你把這個產品塗在哪裡,
03:41
you're able能夠 to reassemble重組
into it immediately立即.
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它都可以立刻重新聚合。
03:44
Now, this is a simulated模擬 arterial動脈 bleed流血
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這是一個模擬動脈出血 —
03:46
blood血液 warning警告
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出血警告 —
03:48
at twice兩次 human人的 artery動脈 pressure壓力.
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是人類動脈壓的兩倍。
03:49
So now, this type類型 of bleed流血
is incredibly令人難以置信 traumatic創傷,
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這種出血狀況是非常嚴峻的,
03:52
and like I said before,
would actually其實 take
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且就像我之前說過的那樣,
03:54
five minutes分鐘 or more with pressure壓力
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需要花五分鐘以上的時間,
03:56
to be able能夠 to stop.
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通過施壓才能夠止血。
03:57
Now, in the time that it takes
me to introduce介紹 the bleed流血 itself本身,
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現在,就在我介紹這個傷口時,
04:00
our material材料 is able能夠 to stop that bleed流血,
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我們的材料已經可以止住出血,
04:02
and it's because it actually其實
goes on and works作品
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這是因為它可以在
04:05
with the body身體 to heal癒合,
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身體上起作用來癒合傷口,
04:06
so it reassembles重新組合 into this piece of meat,
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與這塊肉聚合在一起,
04:09
and then the blood血液 actually其實 recognizes識別
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然後血流可以辨別
04:12
that that's happening事件,
and produces產生 fibrin纖維蛋白,
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它正在起作用,並且產生出纖維蛋白,
04:14
producing生產 a very fast快速 clot凝塊 in less than 10 seconds.
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然後在十秒鐘內很快就封堵傷口。
04:18
So now this technology技術 — Thank you.
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所以現在這項技術 — 謝謝
04:20
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
04:28
So now this technology技術, by January一月,
will be in the hands of veterinarians獸醫,
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所以這項技術,在一月份前,
會先交到獸醫手裡,
04:32
and we're working加工 very diligently用心 to
try to get it into the hands of doctors醫生,
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並且我們會努力實現
讓醫生掌握這種技術,
04:35
hopefully希望 within the next下一個 year.
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希望在接下來的一年中實現。
04:37
But really, once一旦 again, I
want you guys to imagine想像
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但是,我希望你們可以再想一次,
04:40
that you are a soldier士兵 running賽跑
through通過 a battlefield戰場.
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你是一個在戰場上奔跑的士兵。
04:42
Now, you get hit擊中 in the leg with a bullet子彈,
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現在,你腿上中槍,
04:43
and instead代替 of bleeding流血的
out in three minutes分鐘,
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無需面臨三分鐘內流盡血的命運,
取而代之的是,
04:47
you pull a small pack
of gel凝膠 out of your belt,
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你從腰帶拿出一小盒凝膠,
04:49
and with the press of a button按鍵,
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按下按鈕,
04:50
you're able能夠 to stop your own擁有 bleed流血
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就可以為自己止血,
04:51
and you're on your way to recovery復甦.
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而傷情就會開始恢復。
04:53
Thank you very much.
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謝謝大家
04:55
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by William Choi
Reviewed by Sherry Chen

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joe Landolina - medical inventor
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of VETI-GEL.

Why you should listen
Joe Landolina is a TED Fellow and the inventor of a gel that can instantly stop traumatic bleeding -- without the need to apply pressure. He recently built a state of the art manufacturing facility in Brooklyn, New York to bring the product to market.
More profile about the speaker
Joe Landolina | Speaker | TED.com

Data provided by TED.

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