TED2015
Latif Nasser: The amazing story of the man who gave us modern pain relief
Latif Nasser: Zapanjujuća priča čovjeka koji nam je dao moderni lijek protiv bolova
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Dugo vremena, liječnici su zanemarivali najbitniji i frustrirajući dio bolesti - bol. U ovom lirskom, poučnom govoru, Latif Nasser priča izvanrednu priču hrvača i liječnika Johna J. Bonice koji je uvjerio liječničku struku da bol uzme za ozbiljno - i promijenio milijune života.
Latif Nasser - Radio researcher
Latif Nasser is the director of research at Radiolab, where he has reported on such disparate topics as culture-bound illnesses, snowflake photography, sinking islands and 16th-century automata. Full bio
Latif Nasser is the director of research at Radiolab, where he has reported on such disparate topics as culture-bound illnesses, snowflake photography, sinking islands and 16th-century automata. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
A few years ago,
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Prije nekoliko godina,
00:14
my mom developed rheumatoid arthritis.
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mojoj majci se pojavio
reumatoidni artritis.
reumatoidni artritis.
00:18
Her wrists, knees and toes swelled up,
causing crippling, chronic pain.
causing crippling, chronic pain.
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Njena zapešća, koljena i nožni prsti su
natekli uzrokujući kroničnu bol.
natekli uzrokujući kroničnu bol.
00:26
She had to file for disability.
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Morala se prijaviti na invalidnost.
00:28
She stopped attending our local mosque.
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Morala je prestati odlaziti u
lokalnu džamiju.
lokalnu džamiju.
00:31
Some mornings it was too painful
for her to brush her teeth.
for her to brush her teeth.
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Neka jutra je bilo prebolno čak i
prati zube.
prati zube.
00:36
I wanted to help.
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Želio sam pomoći.
00:38
But I didn't know how.
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Ali nisam znao kako.
00:40
I'm not a doctor.
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Nisam liječnik.
00:43
So, what I am is a historian of medicine.
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No, ja sam povjesničar medicine.
00:47
So I started to research
the history of chronic pain.
the history of chronic pain.
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Tako da sam počeo istraživati povijest
kroničnih bolova.
kroničnih bolova.
00:51
Turns out, UCLA has an entire
history of pain collection
history of pain collection
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Ispada da UCLA ima cijelu kolekciju
povijesti bolova
povijesti bolova
00:56
in their archives.
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u svojim arhivima.
00:58
And I found a story --
a fantastic story --
a fantastic story --
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I našao sam priču --
fantastičnu priču --
fantastičnu priču --
01:02
of a man who saved -- rescued --
millions of people from pain;
millions of people from pain;
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čovjeka koji je spasio
milijune ljudi od boli;
milijune ljudi od boli;
01:07
people like my mom.
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ljudi kao što je moja majka.
01:10
Yet, I had never heard of him.
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Ipak, nikad nisam čuo za njega.
01:12
There were no biographies
of him, no Hollywood movies.
of him, no Hollywood movies.
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O njemu nema biografija,
niti Hollywoodskih filmova.
niti Hollywoodskih filmova.
01:16
His name was John J. Bonica.
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Njegovo ime je John J. Bonica.
01:21
But when our story begins,
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No, u vrijeme kad naša priča počinje,
01:22
he was better known as
Johnny "Bull" Walker.
Johnny "Bull" Walker.
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bio je više poznat pod imenom
Johnny "Bik" Walker.
Johnny "Bik" Walker.
01:28
It was a summer day in 1941.
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To je bio ljetni dan 1941. godine.
01:31
The circus had just arrived
in the tiny town of Brookfield, New York.
in the tiny town of Brookfield, New York.
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Cirkus je tek stigao u mali gradić
Brookfield, New York.
Brookfield, New York.
01:37
Spectators flocked to see
the wire-walkers, the tramp clowns --
the wire-walkers, the tramp clowns --
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Gledatelji su pohrlili vidjeti
hodače po žici, klaunove --
hodače po žici, klaunove --
01:41
if they were lucky, the human cannonball.
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i ako su sretni, ljudsku topovsku kuglu.
01:44
They also came to see the strongman,
Johnny "Bull" Walker,
Johnny "Bull" Walker,
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Također, došli su vidjeti snažnog čovjeka,
Johnnyja "Bika" Walker,
Johnnyja "Bika" Walker,
01:48
a brawny bully who'd pin you for a dollar.
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mišićavog nasilnika koji te prikliješti
za dolar.
za dolar.
01:52
You know, on that particular day,
a voice rang out
a voice rang out
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Znate, tog određenog dana,
glas se javio
glas se javio
01:55
over the circus P.A. system.
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preko cirkusog razglasa.
01:57
They needed a doctor urgently,
in the live animal tent.
in the live animal tent.
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Hitno je bio potreban liječnik,
u životinjskom šatoru.
u životinjskom šatoru.
02:01
Something had gone wrong
with the lion tamer.
with the lion tamer.
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Nešto je pošlo po zlu sa
krotiteljem lavova.
krotiteljem lavova.
02:03
The climax of his act had gone wrong,
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Klimaks njegove točke je pošao po zlu,
02:06
and his head was stuck
inside the lion's mouth.
inside the lion's mouth.
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i njegova glava se zaglavila u
lavljim ustima.
lavljim ustima.
02:11
He was running out of air;
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Ponestajalo mu je zraka;
02:13
the crowd watched in horror
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rulja je sa užasom gledala
02:15
as he struggled and then passed out.
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kako se mučio i onesvijestio.
02:18
When the lion finally did relax its jaws,
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Kada je lav konačno opustio čeljust,
02:22
the lion tamer just slumped
to the ground, motionless.
to the ground, motionless.
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krotitelj je samo pao na tlo,
nepomičan.
nepomičan.
02:27
When he came to a few minutes later,
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Kada je došao sebi poslije nekoliko minuta,
02:30
he saw a familiar figure hunched over him.
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vidio je poznatog lika pogrbljenog
nad njim.
nad njim.
02:33
It was Bull Walker.
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Bio je to Bik Walker.
02:35
The strongman had given the lion tamer
mouth-to-mouth, and saved his life.
mouth-to-mouth, and saved his life.
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Snažni čovjek je dao krotitelju
umjetno disanje i spasio mu život.
umjetno disanje i spasio mu život.
02:42
Now, the strongman hadn't told anyone,
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No, snažni čovjek nije nikome rekao,
02:44
but he was actually
a third-year medical student.
a third-year medical student.
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on je zapravo bio student
treće godine medicine.
treće godine medicine.
02:48
He toured with the circus
during summers to pay tuition,
during summers to pay tuition,
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Išao je sa cirkusom preko ljeta
da plati školarinu,
da plati školarinu,
02:52
but kept it a secret
to protect his persona.
to protect his persona.
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ali je to tajio da bi zaštitio
svoj lik.
svoj lik.
02:55
He was supposed to be
a brute, a villain --
a brute, a villain --
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Trebao bi biti zvijer, zločinac --
02:59
not a nerdy do-gooder.
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a ne štreberski dobročinitelj.
03:02
His medical colleagues didn't
know his secret, either.
know his secret, either.
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Njegovi kolege medicinari, također, nisu
znali njegovu tajnu.
znali njegovu tajnu.
03:05
As he put it, "If you were
an athlete, you were a dumb dodo."
an athlete, you were a dumb dodo."
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Kako je rekao: "Ako ste bili atletičar,
bili ste glupavi dodo."
bili ste glupavi dodo."
03:09
So he didn't tell them about the circus,
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Tako da im nije rekao za cirkus,
03:12
or about how he wrestled professionally
on evenings and weekends.
on evenings and weekends.
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niti da se bavi profesionalnim hrvanjem
navečer i vikendima.
navečer i vikendima.
03:18
He used a pseudonym like Bull Walker,
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Koristio je pseudonime kao Bik Walker,
03:20
or later, the Masked Marvel.
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ili kasnije, Maskirani Marvel.
03:23
He even kept it a secret that same year,
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Također, držao je u tajnosti te iste godine,
03:27
when he was crowned
the Light Heavyweight Champion
the Light Heavyweight Champion
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da je postao Prvak svijeta
03:30
of the world.
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u lakoj kategoriji.
03:33
Over the years, John J. Bonica
lived these parallel lives.
lived these parallel lives.
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Tijekom godina, John J. Bonica je vodio
paralelne živote.
paralelne živote.
03:38
He was a wrestler;
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Bio je hrvač;
03:40
he was a doctor.
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bio je liječnik.
03:41
He was a heel;
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Bio je podlac;
03:43
he was a hero.
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bio je heroj.
03:45
He inflicted pain,
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Nanosio je bol,
03:46
and he treated it.
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i liječio ga.
03:49
And he didn’t know it at the time,
but over the next five decades,
but over the next five decades,
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Nije znao u to vrijeme,
da će u sljedećih pet desetljeća,
da će u sljedećih pet desetljeća,
03:52
he'd draw on these dueling identities
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tijekom ovih dvoboja identiteta
03:55
to forge a whole new way
to think about pain.
to think about pain.
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skovati potpuno novi način
razmišljanja o boli.
razmišljanja o boli.
03:59
It'd change modern medicine
so much so, that decades later,
so much so, that decades later,
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Promijenit će modernu medicinu
toliko, da će ga desetljećima kasnije,
toliko, da će ga desetljećima kasnije,
04:03
Time magazine would call him
pain relief's founding father.
pain relief's founding father.
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časopis Time nazvati ocem
lijekova protiv bolova.
lijekova protiv bolova.
04:09
But that all happened later.
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No to se dogodilo kasnije.
04:12
In 1942, Bonica graduated
medical school and married Emma,
medical school and married Emma,
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1942. godine Bonica je diplomirao
medicinu i oženio Emmu,
medicinu i oženio Emmu,
04:17
his sweetheart, whom he had met
at one of his matches years before.
at one of his matches years before.
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svoju voljenu, koju je sreo na jednoj
od utakmica prije par godina.
od utakmica prije par godina.
04:22
He still wrestled in secret -- he had to.
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I dalje se bavio hrvanjem u tajnosti
-- morao je.
-- morao je.
04:25
His internship at New York's
St. Vincent's Hospital paid nothing.
St. Vincent's Hospital paid nothing.
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Njegovo stažiranje u bolnici Sv. Vincenta
u New Yorku nije donosilo zaradu.
u New Yorku nije donosilo zaradu.
04:31
With his championship belt,
he wrestled in big-ticket venues,
he wrestled in big-ticket venues,
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Sa svojim pojasom prvaka,
hrvao se u velikim dvoranama,
hrvao se u velikim dvoranama,
04:34
like Madison Square Garden,
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kao što je Madison Square Garden,
04:36
against big-time opponents,
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protiv značajnih protivnika,
04:38
like Everett "The Blonde Bear" Marshall,
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kao što je bio Everett "Plavi medvjed" Marshall,
04:41
or three-time world champion,
Angelo Savoldi.
Angelo Savoldi.
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ili trostruki svjetski prvak,
Angelo Savoldi.
Angelo Savoldi.
04:46
The matches took a toll on his body;
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Utakmice su uzele danak
na njegovom tijelu;
na njegovom tijelu;
04:48
he tore hip joints, fractured ribs.
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razderao je kukove, slomio rebra.
04:52
One night, The Terrible Turk's big toe
scratched a scar like Capone's
scratched a scar like Capone's
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Jedne noći, palac Užasnog Turka je ostavio
ožiljak kao Caponeov
ožiljak kao Caponeov
04:57
down the side of his face.
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na jednoj strani njegovog lica.
04:59
The next morning at work,
he had to wear a surgical mask to hide it.
he had to wear a surgical mask to hide it.
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Sljedeće jutro na poslu je morao
nositi kiruršku masku da bi ga sakrio.
nositi kiruršku masku da bi ga sakrio.
05:04
Twice Bonica showed up to the O.R.
with one eye so bruised,
with one eye so bruised,
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Dvaput se pojavio na hitnoj sa jednim
okom toliko nateknutim,
okom toliko nateknutim,
05:09
he couldn't see out of it.
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da nije mogao ništa vidjeti.
05:11
But worst of all were
his mangled cauliflower ears.
his mangled cauliflower ears.
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Ali najgore od svega su bile njegove
oštećene rascvjetane uši.
oštećene rascvjetane uši.
05:16
He said they felt like two baseballs
on the sides of his head.
on the sides of his head.
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Rekao je da se osjeća kao da ima dvije
bejzbol loptice na svakoj strani glave.
bejzbol loptice na svakoj strani glave.
05:21
Pain just kept accumulating in his life.
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Bol se nastavila gomilati u njegovom životu.
05:25
Next, he watched his wife go
into labor at his hospital.
into labor at his hospital.
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Nakon toga, gledao je svoju ženu kako se
porađa u njegovoj bolnici.
porađa u njegovoj bolnici.
05:29
She heaved and pushed, clearly in anguish.
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Nadimala se i gurala, sa očiglednom mukom.
05:33
Her obstetrician called
out to the intern on duty
out to the intern on duty
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Njen opstetričar je pozvao
stažista u smjeni
stažista u smjeni
05:36
to give her a few drops of ether
to ease her pain.
to ease her pain.
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da joj da nekoliko kapi etera
da joj ublaži bol.
da joj ublaži bol.
05:39
But the intern was a young guy,
just three weeks on the job --
just three weeks on the job --
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No, stažist je bio mlad čovjek,
samo tri tjedna na poslu --
samo tri tjedna na poslu --
05:42
he was jittery, and in applying the ether,
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bio je nervozan i dok joj je davao eter,
05:45
irritated Emma's throat.
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iritirao joj je grlo.
05:48
She vomited and choked,
and started to turn blue.
and started to turn blue.
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Ona se ispovračala i počela gušiti,
a lice joj je krenulo plaviti.
a lice joj je krenulo plaviti.
05:52
Bonica, who was watching all this,
pushed the intern out of the way,
pushed the intern out of the way,
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Bonica, koji je sve ovo gledao,
ga je odgurnuo sa strane,
ga je odgurnuo sa strane,
05:58
cleared her airway,
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raščistio joj dišni put,
05:59
and saved his wife
and his unborn daughter.
and his unborn daughter.
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i spasio svoju ženu
i svoje nerođeno dijete.
i svoje nerođeno dijete.
06:04
At that moment, he decided
to devote his life to anesthesiology.
to devote his life to anesthesiology.
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U tom trenutku je odlučio
posvetiti život anesteziologiji.
posvetiti život anesteziologiji.
06:09
Later, he'd even go on to help develop
the epidural, for delivering mothers.
the epidural, for delivering mothers.
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Kasnije, otišao je još dalje
razvijajući epiduralnu za porođaje.
razvijajući epiduralnu za porođaje.
06:14
But before he could focus on obstetrics,
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No, prije nego što se mogao fokusirati na
opstetriku,
opstetriku,
06:17
Bonica had to report for basic training.
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morao se prijaviti za temeljni trening.
06:22
Right around D-Day,
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U vrijeme dana D,
06:23
Bonica showed up
to Madigan Army Medical Center,
to Madigan Army Medical Center,
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Bonica se pojavio u Vojni bolnički centar
Madigan
Madigan
06:27
near Tacoma.
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blizu Tacome.
06:28
At 7,700 beds, it was one of the largest
army hospitals in America.
army hospitals in America.
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Sa svojih 7700 kreveta, bila je to jedna
od najvećih vojnih bolnica u Americi.
od najvećih vojnih bolnica u Americi.
06:34
Bonica was in charge
of all pain control there.
of all pain control there.
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Bonica je ondje bio zadužen
za kontrolu boli.
za kontrolu boli.
06:37
He was only 27.
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Imao je samo 27 godina.
06:40
Treating so many patients,
Bonica started noticing cases
Bonica started noticing cases
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Liječeći toliko pacijenata,
Bonica je primjetio slučajeve
Bonica je primjetio slučajeve
06:43
that contradicted everything
he had learned.
he had learned.
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koji se protive svemu što je naučio.
06:46
Pain was supposed to be
a kind of alarm bell -- in a good way --
a kind of alarm bell -- in a good way --
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Bol bi trebala biti nešto kao alarm --
na dobar način --
na dobar način --
06:51
a body's way of signaling an injury,
like a broken arm.
like a broken arm.
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način da tijelo signalizira ozljedu,
kao što je slomljena ruka.
kao što je slomljena ruka.
06:56
But in some cases,
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No, u nekim slučajevima,
06:58
like after a patient had a leg amputated,
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kao kada su pacijentu amputirali nogu,
07:01
that patient might still complain
of pain in that nonexistent leg.
of pain in that nonexistent leg.
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taj pacijent se i dalje žalio na bol
u nepostojećoj nozi.
u nepostojećoj nozi.
07:06
But if the injury had been treated, why
would the alarm bell keep ringing?
would the alarm bell keep ringing?
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No, ako je ozlijeda izliječena, zašto
alarm nastavlja zvoniti?
alarm nastavlja zvoniti?
07:10
There were other cases in which there
was no evidence of an injury whatsoever,
was no evidence of an injury whatsoever,
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Bilo je drugih slučajeva, gdje uopće
nije bilo dokaza o ikakvoj ozlijedi,
nije bilo dokaza o ikakvoj ozlijedi,
07:15
and yet, still the patient hurt.
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ali ipak, pacijenta je boljelo.
07:18
Bonica tracked down all the specialists
at his hospital -- surgeons,
at his hospital -- surgeons,
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Boncia je potražio sve specijaliste u
svojoj bolnici -- kirurge,
svojoj bolnici -- kirurge,
07:22
neurologists, psychiatrists, others.
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neurologe, psihijatre i ostale.
07:25
And he tried to get
their opinions on his patients.
their opinions on his patients.
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Pokušao je dobiti njihova mišljenja o
svojim pacijentima.
svojim pacijentima.
07:29
It took too long, so he started organizing
group meetings over lunch.
group meetings over lunch.
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Potrajalo je, no počeo je organizirati
grupne sastanke tijekom ručka.
grupne sastanke tijekom ručka.
07:35
It would be like a tag team of specialists
going up against the patient's pain.
going up against the patient's pain.
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Bila je to ekipa specijalista koja se
bori protiv boli pacijenata.
bori protiv boli pacijenata.
07:39
No one had ever focused on pain
this way before.
this way before.
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Nitko se dosad nije usredotočio na bol
na ovaj način.
na ovaj način.
07:44
After that, he hit the books.
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2000
Nakon toga, potražio je knjige.
07:47
He read every medical textbook
he could get his hands on,
he could get his hands on,
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2863
Pročitao je svaki medicinski udžbenik
kojeg se mogao dočepati,
kojeg se mogao dočepati,
07:50
carefully noting every mention
of the word "pain."
of the word "pain."
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pažljivo zapisujući svaki spomen
riječi "bol".
riječi "bol".
07:54
Out of the 14,000 pages he read,
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3881
Od 14000 stranica koje je pročitao,
07:58
the word "pain" was
on 17 and a half of them.
on 17 and a half of them.
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4176
riječ "bol" se pojavila u 17 i pol.
08:02
Seventeen and a half.
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2002
Sedamnaest i pol.
08:04
For the most basic, most common,
most frustrating part of being a patient.
most frustrating part of being a patient.
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5272
Za temeljni, najučestaliji,
najfrustrirajući dio bivanja pacijentom.
najfrustrirajući dio bivanja pacijentom.
08:10
Bonica was shocked -- I'm quoting him,
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Bonica je bio šokiran -- citiram ga,
08:13
he said, "What the hell kind of conclusion
can you come to there?
can you come to there?
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4454
rekao je, "Do kojeg, dovraga, zaključka
da ovdje dođeš?
da ovdje dođeš?
08:17
The most important thing
from the patient's perspective,
from the patient's perspective,
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O najvažnijoj stvari sa gledišta
pacijenta,
pacijenta,
08:20
they don't talk about."
136
488690
1365
oni ni ne pričaju."
08:23
So over the next eight years,
Bonica would talk about it.
Bonica would talk about it.
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Tako da je tijekom sljedećih osam godina
Bonica pričao o tome.
Bonica pričao o tome.
08:27
He'd write about it; he'd write
those missing pages.
those missing pages.
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2445
Pisao je o tome; napisao je te
stranice koje nedostaju.
stranice koje nedostaju.
08:30
He wrote what would later be known
as the Bible of Pain.
as the Bible of Pain.
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3714
Napisao je ono što je kasnije postalo
poznato kao Biblija boli.
poznato kao Biblija boli.
08:34
In it he proposed new strategies,
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3417
Tu predlaže nove strategije,
08:38
new treatments using
nerve-block injections.
nerve-block injections.
141
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3574
nove postupke korištenjem
injekcija za blokadu živaca.
injekcija za blokadu živaca.
08:41
He proposed a new institution,
the Pain Clinic,
the Pain Clinic,
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2743
Predlaže novu ustanovu,
kliniku boli,
kliniku boli,
08:44
based on those lunchtime meetings.
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1998
na temelju tih sastanaka za ručak.
08:47
But the most important thing
about his book
about his book
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No, najvažnija stvar o njegovoj knjizi je
08:49
was that it was kind of an emotional
alarm bell for medicine.
alarm bell for medicine.
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4082
što je ona predstavljala neku vrstu
emocionalnog alarma za medicinu.
emocionalnog alarma za medicinu.
08:54
A desperate plea to doctors
to take pain seriously
to take pain seriously
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5981
Očajnička molba liječnicima da
shvate bol ozbiljno
shvate bol ozbiljno
09:00
in patients' lives.
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1396
u pacijentovom životu.
09:03
He recast the very purpose of medicine.
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3269
Preinačio je samu svrhu medicinu.
09:07
The goal wasn't to make patients better;
149
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4185
Cilj nije bio da pacijentima bude bolje;
09:11
it was to make patients feel better.
150
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3352
nego da se pacijenti osjećaju bolje.
09:16
He pushed his pain agenda for decades,
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544955
2087
Gurao je svoj plan desetljećima,
09:19
before it finally took hold
in the mid-'70s.
in the mid-'70s.
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3018
dok se napokon nije primio
sredinom '70-tih godina.
sredinom '70-tih godina.
09:22
Hundreds of pain clinics sprung up
all over the world.
all over the world.
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550831
3454
Stotine klinika za bol su iznikle
diljem svijeta.
diljem svijeta.
09:27
But as they did -- a tragic twist.
154
555711
3230
No, kako se to dogodilo
-- tragični preokret.
-- tragični preokret.
09:31
Bonica's years of wrestling
caught up to him.
caught up to him.
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559754
3161
Godine hrvanja su sustigle Bonicu.
09:36
He had been out of the ring
for over 20 years,
for over 20 years,
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2152
Bio je izvan ringa preko 20 godina,
09:38
but those 1,500 professional bouts
had left a mark on his body.
had left a mark on his body.
157
566773
4305
ali je tih 1500 profesionalnih nastupa
ostavilo traga na njegovom tijelu.
ostavilo traga na njegovom tijelu.
09:43
Still in his mid-50s, he suffered
severe osteoarthritis.
severe osteoarthritis.
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571769
4069
U srednjim 50-tima, obolio je od
osteoartritisa.
osteoartritisa.
09:48
Over the next 20 years
he'd have 22 surgeries,
he'd have 22 surgeries,
159
576360
4019
Tijekom sljedećih 20 godina imao je 22
operacije,
operacije,
09:52
including four spine operations,
160
580403
2527
uključujući četiri operacije kralješnice,
09:54
and hip replacement after hip replacement.
161
582954
2567
i zamjenu kuka za zamjenom kuka.
09:58
He could barely raise
his arm, turn his neck.
his arm, turn his neck.
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586110
3257
Jedva je mogao podići ruku, okrenuti vrat.
10:02
He needed aluminum crutches to walk.
163
590144
2653
Hodao je pomoću aluminijskih štaka.
10:05
His friends and former students
became his doctors.
became his doctors.
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593879
4020
Prijatelji i bivši studenti su
postali njegovi liječnici.
postali njegovi liječnici.
10:09
One recalled that he probably
had more nerve-block injections
had more nerve-block injections
165
597923
4202
Jedan se sjeća da je Bonica primio
vjerojatno više injekcija za blokadu živaca
vjerojatno više injekcija za blokadu živaca
10:14
than anyone else on the planet.
166
602149
2578
nego itko drugi na planeti.
10:18
Already a workaholic,
he worked even more --
he worked even more --
167
606043
3438
Iako je već bio radoholičar,
radio je još više --
radio je još više --
10:21
15- to 18-hour days.
168
609505
1946
15 do 18 sati dnevno.
10:23
Healing others became more
than just his job,
than just his job,
169
611922
2509
Liječenje drugih je postalo više
od samog posla za njega,
od samog posla za njega,
10:26
it was his own most effective
form of relief.
form of relief.
170
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2722
postalo je najučinkovitiji oblik
olakšanja.
olakšanja.
10:30
"If I wasn't as busy as I am,"
he told a reporter at the time,
he told a reporter at the time,
171
618510
3811
"Da nisam toliko zaposlen,"
jednom je rekao novinaru,
jednom je rekao novinaru,
10:34
"I would be a completely disabled guy."
172
622345
3185
"bio bih potpuno onesposobljen čovjek."
10:39
On a business trip to Florida
in the early 1980s,
in the early 1980s,
173
627423
3539
Na poslovnom putu u Floridu
na početku 1980-tih,
na početku 1980-tih,
10:42
Bonica got a former student to drive
him to the Hyde Park area in Tampa.
him to the Hyde Park area in Tampa.
174
630986
5332
bivši student je vozio Bonicu u Hyde park
u Tampi.
u Tampi.
10:49
They drove past palm trees
and pulled up to an old mansion,
and pulled up to an old mansion,
175
637338
4144
Prolazili su pored palmi
i stali ispred stare palače,
i stali ispred stare palače,
10:53
with giant silver howitzer cannons
hidden in the garage.
hidden in the garage.
176
641506
4610
sa ogromnim srebrnim topovima
sakrivenim u garaži.
sakrivenim u garaži.
10:58
The house belonged to the Zacchini family,
177
646895
2939
Kuća je pripadala Zacchini obitelji,
11:01
who were something like
American circus royalty.
American circus royalty.
178
649858
2972
koji su predstavljali nešto kao američko
cirkusko plemstvo.
cirkusko plemstvo.
11:06
Decades earlier, Bonica had watched them,
179
654229
2573
Desetljećima ranije, Bonica ih je gledao,
11:08
clad in silver jumpsuits and goggles,
180
656826
2887
odjevene u srebrne kombinezone
i zaštitne naočale,
i zaštitne naočale,
11:11
doing the act they pioneered --
the Human Cannonball.
the Human Cannonball.
181
659737
3768
kako izvode točku koju su izmislili --
Ljudsku topovsku kuglu.
Ljudsku topovsku kuglu.
11:16
But now they were like him: retired.
182
664772
3075
No, sada su bili kao i on: u mirovini.
11:21
That generation is all dead
now, including Bonica,
now, including Bonica,
183
669267
3571
Ta generacija je danas mrtva,
uključujući Bonicu,
uključujući Bonicu,
11:24
so there's no way to know exactly
what they said that day.
what they said that day.
184
672862
2943
tako da ne znamo točno o čemu su
pričali taj dan.
pričali taj dan.
11:28
But still, I love imagining it.
185
676475
2000
No ipak, volim zamišljati.
11:31
The strongman and the human
cannonballs reunited,
cannonballs reunited,
186
679233
3253
Snažni čovjek i ljudske topovske kugle
ponovno na okupu,
ponovno na okupu,
11:34
showing off old scars, and new ones.
187
682510
2453
uspoređuju stare ožiljke, i nove.
11:37
Maybe Bonica gave them medical advice.
188
685802
2256
Možda im je Bonica dao koji liječnički
savjet.
savjet.
11:40
Maybe he told them what he later
said in an oral history,
said in an oral history,
189
688082
5326
Možda im je ispričao ono što je kasnije
rekao usmenom predajom,
rekao usmenom predajom,
11:45
which is that his time in the circus
and wrestling deeply molded his life.
and wrestling deeply molded his life.
190
693432
5906
kako mu je vrijeme u cirkusu
i hrvanju duboko oblikovalo život.
i hrvanju duboko oblikovalo život.
11:53
Bonica saw pain close up.
191
701286
2684
Bonica je iskusio bol iz prve ruke.
11:57
He felt it. He lived it.
192
705236
2000
Osjetio ju je. Živio ju je.
12:00
And it made it impossible
for him to ignore in others.
for him to ignore in others.
193
708453
4017
A to je onemogućilo da ju zanemari
kod drugih ljudi.
kod drugih ljudi.
12:05
Out of that empathy, he spun
a whole new field,
a whole new field,
194
713449
3114
Iz empatije, razvio je cijelo novo polje,
12:08
played a major role in getting
medicine to acknowledge pain
medicine to acknowledge pain
195
716587
3112
igrao veliku ulogu da medicinska struka
prizna bol
prizna bol
12:11
in and of itself.
196
719723
1252
samu po sebi.
12:14
In that same oral history,
197
722627
1912
U toj istoj usmenoj predaji,
12:16
Bonica claimed that pain
198
724563
2509
Bonica je tvrdio da je bol
12:19
is the most complex human experience.
199
727096
4257
najsloženije ljudsko iskustvo.
12:24
That it involves your past life,
your current life,
your current life,
200
732215
3814
To uključuje tvoj bivši život,
tvoj trenutni život,
tvoj trenutni život,
12:28
your interactions, your family.
201
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2190
tvoje interakcije, tvoju obitelj.
12:31
That was definitely true for Bonica.
202
739256
2555
To je definitivno bilo istinito za Bonicu.
12:34
But it was also true for my mom.
203
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2671
Ali je bilo istinito i za moju majku.
12:40
It's easy for doctors to see my mom
204
748043
3299
Lako je doktorima da vide moju majku
12:43
as a kind of professional patient,
205
751366
3262
kao neku vrstu profesionalnog pacijenta,
12:46
a woman who just spends her days
in waiting rooms.
in waiting rooms.
206
754652
3818
ženu koja svoje dane provodi po
čekaonicama.
čekaonicama.
12:51
Sometimes I get stuck seeing her
that same way.
that same way.
207
759714
2891
Ponekad ju i ja vidim na taj način.
12:57
But as I saw Bonica's pain --
208
765076
1967
No, kako sam vidio Bonicinu bol --
12:59
a testament to his fully lived life --
209
767067
4532
ostavštinu njegovog ispunjenog života --
13:03
I started to remember all the things
that my mom's pain holds.
that my mom's pain holds.
210
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4507
počeo sam se prisjećati svih stvari
koje bol moje majke obuhvaća.
koje bol moje majke obuhvaća.
13:10
Before they got swollen and arthritic,
211
778370
3768
Prije nego su natekli
i postali artritični,
i postali artritični,
13:14
my mom's fingers clacked away
212
782162
3315
prsti moje majke su tipkali
13:17
in the hospital H.R. department
where she worked.
where she worked.
213
785501
2898
u bolnici na odjelu za ljudske resurse
gdje je radila.
gdje je radila.
13:21
They folded samosas for our entire mosque.
214
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4088
Savijali su samosu za cijelu džamiju.
13:26
When I was a kid, they cut my hair,
215
794734
3701
Kada sam bio dijete, šišali su mi kosu,
13:30
wiped my nose,
216
798459
2452
brisali nos,
13:32
tied my shoes.
217
800935
1650
vezali vezice na cipelama.
13:41
Thank you.
218
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1325
Hvala vam!
13:43
(Applause)
219
811181
6819
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Latif Nasser - Radio researcherLatif Nasser is the director of research at Radiolab, where he has reported on such disparate topics as culture-bound illnesses, snowflake photography, sinking islands and 16th-century automata.
Why you should listen
The history of science is "brimming with tales stranger than fiction," says Latif Nasser, who wrote his PhD dissertation on the Tanganyika Laughter Epidemic of 1962. A writer and researcher, Nasser is now the research director at Radiolab, a job that allows him to dive into archives, talk to interesting people and tell stories as a way to think about science and society.
Latif Nasser | Speaker | TED.com