TEDxMidwest
Jason Fried: Why work doesn't happen at work
Jason Fried: De ce munca nu se face la birou
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Jason Fried are o teorie radicala cu privire la munca: ca biroul nu este un loc potrivit pentru a o intreprinde. La TEDxMidwest el expune principalele probleme (numite M&M) si ofera trei sugestii pentru a face treaba sa mearga.
Jason Fried - Software entrepreneur
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework." Full bio
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So I'm going to talk about work,
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Voi vorbi despre munca,
00:17
specifically why people can't seem
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si in mod specific despre motivele pentru care oamenii par sa nu poata
00:19
to get work done at work,
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sa munceasca la birou,
00:21
which is a problem we all kind of have.
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care este o problema pe care se pare ca o avem cu totii
00:24
But let's, sort of, start at the beginning.
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Dar sa incepem, cumva, cu inceputul.
00:26
So we have companies and non-profits and charities
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Deci avem companii si organizatii non-profit si organizatii de binefacere
00:29
and all these groups
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si toate aceste grupuri
00:31
that have employees
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care au angajati
00:33
or volunteers of some sort.
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sau voluntari de vreun fel.
00:35
And they expect these people who work for them
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Si se asteapta ca acesti oameni care lucreaza pentru ei
00:38
to do great work --
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sa faca o treaba extraordinara --
00:40
I would hope, at least.
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cel putin asa sper.
00:42
At least good work, hopefully, at least it's good work --
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Sau cel putin o treaba buna, sa speram, cel putin, treaba buna --
00:44
hopefully great work.
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de preferat treaba extraordinara.
00:46
And so what they typically do is they decide
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Deci ceea ce fac ei in mod obisnuit este sa decida
00:48
that all these people need to come together in one place
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ca toti acesti oameni trebuie sa vina toti intr-un loc anume
00:50
to do that work.
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pentru a face acea munca.
00:52
So a company, or a charity, or an organization of any kind,
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Deci o companie, o societate de binefacere sau o organizatie de orice fel,
00:55
they typically -- unless you're working in Africa,
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ele de obicei -- exceptand situatia in care muncesti in Africa,
00:57
if you're really lucky to do that --
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daca esti destul de norocos sa faci asta --
00:59
most people have to go to an office every day.
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majoritatea oamenilor trebuie sa mearga la birou in fiecare zi.
01:01
And so these companies,
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Si astfel aceste companii,
01:03
they build offices.
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isi construiesc cladiri de birouri.
01:05
They go out and they buy a building, or they rent a building,
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Se duc si cumpara o cladire, sau inchiriaza o cladire,
01:08
or they lease some space,
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sau inchiriaza un loc,
01:10
and they fill the space with stuff.
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pe care il umplu cu lucruri.
01:13
They fill it with tables, or desks,
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Il umplu cu mese sau birouri,
01:16
chairs, computer equipment,
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scaune, computere,
01:18
software,
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programe software,
01:20
Internet access,
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acces la internet,
01:22
maybe a fridge, maybe a few other things,
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poate un frigider, poate si alte cateva lucruri,
01:25
and they expect their employees, or their volunteers,
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si se asteapta ca angajatii lor, sau voluntarii lor,
01:27
to come to that location every day to do great work.
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sa vina in acest loc in fiecare zi si sa faca o treaba extraordinara.
01:30
It seems like it's perfectly reasonable to ask that.
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Pare sa fie perfect rezonabil sa ceara asta.
01:33
However, if you actually talk to people
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Cu toate acestea, daca vorbesti efectiv cu oamenii
01:35
and even question yourself,
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sau iti pui singur aceasta intrebare,
01:37
and you ask yourself,
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si te intrebi,
01:39
where do you really want to go when you really need to get something done?
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unde trebuie de fapt sa mergi cand vrei sa rezolvi ceva?
01:42
You'll find out that people don't say
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vei constata ca oamenii nu vor spune
01:44
what businesses think they would say.
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ceea ce se asteapta companiile ca oamenii sa spuna.
01:46
If you ask people the question: where do you really need to go
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Daca intrebi oamenii: unde trebuie sa mergi cu adevarat
01:48
when you need to get something done?
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cand trebuie sa rezolvi ceva?
01:50
Typically you get three different kinds of answers.
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In general, primesti trei genuri de raspunsuri diferite.
01:52
One is kind of a place or a location or a room.
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Unul este un fel de loc sau incapere.
01:55
Another one is a moving object
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Altul este un obiect in miscare.
01:57
and a third is a time.
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Iar al treilea este timpul.
01:59
So here's some examples.
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Iata si cateva exemple.
02:01
When I ask people -- and I've been asking people this question for about 10 years --
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Cand intreb oamenii -- si am tot adresat oamenilor aceasta intrebare in ultimii 10 ani --
02:04
I ask them, "Where do you go when you really need to get something done?"
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ii intreb, " Unde mergi cand vrei cu adevarat sa rezolvi ceva?"
02:06
I'll hear things like, the porch, the deck,
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voi auzi raspunsuri gen pe veranda, pe punte,
02:09
the kitchen.
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in bucatarie.
02:11
I'll hear things like an extra room in the house,
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Voi auzi deasemenea raspunsuri ca o camera separata a casei,
02:13
the basement,
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la subsol,
02:15
the coffee shop, the library.
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la cafenea, la biblioteca.
02:18
And then you'll hear things like the train,
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Si mai aud deasemenea lucruri ca in tren,
02:21
a plane, a car -- so, the commute.
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in avion, masina -- deci pe drum.
02:24
And then you'll hear people say,
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Si voi mai auzi oameni zicand,
02:26
"Well, it doesn't really matter where I am,
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"Ei bine, nu prea conteaza unde sunt,
02:28
as long as it's really early in the morning or really late at night or on the weekends."
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atata vreme cat e dimineata foarte devreme sau foarte tarziu seara sau in weekenduri."
02:31
You almost never hear someone say the office.
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Aproape niciodata nu vei auzi oamenii spunand la birou.
02:34
But businesses are spending all this money on this place called the office,
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Dar companiile investesc toti acesti bani in acest loc numit birou,
02:37
and they're making people go to it all the time,
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si pun oamenii sa vina acolo tot timpul,
02:39
yet people don't do work in the office.
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cu toate ca oamenii nu fac treaba la birou.
02:42
What is that about?
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Ce inseamna asta?
02:44
Why is that?
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De ce asa?
02:46
Why is that happening?
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De ce se intampla acest lucru?
02:49
And what you find out is that, if you dig a little bit deeper,
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Si ceea ce afli daca cercetezi un pic mai profund,
02:51
you find out that people --
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afli ca oamenii --
02:53
this is what happens --
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asta se intampla --
02:55
people go to work,
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oamenii merg la serviciu,
02:57
and they're basically trading in their workday
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si practic isi vand ziua de lucru
02:59
for a series of "work moments."
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pentru o serie de momente in care muncesc cu adevarat.
03:01
That's what happens at the office.
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Asta se intampla la birou.
03:03
You don't have a workday anymore. You have work moments.
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Nu ai o zi de munca; ai momente de munca.
03:05
It's like the front door of the office is like a Cuisinart,
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Este ca si cand usa de intrare a biroului ar fi asemeni unui Cuisinart, (robot tocator)
03:08
and you walk in and your day is shredded to bits,
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si ajungi acolo si ziua iti e macinata bucatele,
03:10
because you have 15 minutes here and 30 minutes there,
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pentru ca prinzi 15 minute acum si 30 de minute mai tarziu,
03:13
and then something else happens and you're pulled off your work,
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si apoi altceva se intampla si esti distras de la munca ta,
03:15
and you've got to do something else, then you have 20 minutes, then it's lunch.
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si trebuie sa faci altceva, apoi mai prinzi 20 de minute, iar apoi vine pauza de pranz.
03:18
Then you have something else to do.
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Apoi ai altceva de facut,
03:20
Then you've got 15 minutes, and someone pulls you aside and asks you this question,
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apoi mai ai 15 minute, iar cineva te cheama pentru a-ti adresa o intrebare.
03:23
and before you know it, it's 5 p.m.,
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Si pana sa-ti dai seama, este ora 17:00.
03:26
and you look back on the day,
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si privesti inapoi la ce ai facut in acea zi,
03:28
and you realize that you didn't get anything done.
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si realizezi ca nu ai finalizat nimic.
03:30
I mean, we've all been through this.
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Vreau sa spun ca am trecut cu totii prin asta.
03:32
We probably went through it yesterday,
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Probabil am trecut prin asta ieri,
03:34
or the day before, or the day before that.
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sau alaltaieri, sau cu doua zile in urma.
03:36
You look back on your day, and you're like, I got nothing done today.
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Iti analizezi ziua si te gandesti, n-am facut nimic azi.
03:39
I was at work.
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Am fost la munca.
03:41
I sat at my desk. I used my expensive computer.
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am stat la birou. M-am folosit de computerul meu performant.
03:44
I used the software they told me to use.
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Am folosit programul soft pe care mi-au zis sa-l folosesc.
03:46
I went to these meetings I was asked to go to.
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Am fost la acele sedinte la care am fost rugat sa particip.
03:49
I did these conference calls. I did all this stuff.
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Am facut acele conferinte telefonice. Am facut toate aceste lucruri.
03:51
But I didn't actually do anything.
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Dar, de fapt, nu am facut nimic.
03:54
I just did tasks.
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Am indeplinit sarcini.
03:56
I didn't actually get meaningful work done.
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Nu am facut, de fapt, o munca care sa conteze.
03:58
And what you find is that, especially with creative people --
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Si ceea ce constatati ca se intampla este ca, in special cu oameni creativi --
04:01
designers, programmers,
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proiectanti, programatori,
04:03
writers, engineers,
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scriitori, ingineri,
04:05
thinkers --
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ganditori --
04:07
that people really need
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oamenii au nevoie
04:09
long stretches of uninterrupted time to get something done.
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de intervale lungi de timp de lucru neintrerupt pentru a finaliza ceva.
04:12
You cannot ask somebody to be creative in 15 minutes
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Nu poti cere cuiva sa fie creativ in 15 minute
04:15
and really think about a problem.
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si sa se gandeasca cu adevarat la o problema.
04:17
You might have a quick idea,
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Poti avea o idee fugitiva,
04:19
but to be in deep thought about a problem and really consider a problem carefully,
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dar sa te gandesti profund la solutii de rezolvare a unei probleme si sa o analizezi cu atentie,
04:22
you need long stretches of uninterrupted time.
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ai nevoie de intervale lungi de timp de lucru neintrerupt.
04:25
And even though the workday is typically eight hours,
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Si cu toate ca de obicei o zi de munca are cam 8 ore,
04:28
how many people here have ever had eight hours to themselves at the office?
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cati dintre cei prezenti au avut 8 ore de munca de munca la birou fara a fi intrerupti?
04:31
How about seven hours?
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Dar 7 ore?
04:33
Six? Five? Four?
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Sase? Cinci? Patru?
04:36
When's the last time you had three hours to yourself at the office?
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Cand ati avut ultima data 3 ore neintrerupte de munca la serviciu?
04:39
Two hours? One, maybe?
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Doua ore? Sau poate una.
04:41
Very, very few people actually have
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Foarte, foarte putini oameni au de fapt
04:43
long stretches of uninterrupted time at an office.
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intervale de timp de lucru neintrerupte la birou.
04:46
And this is why people choose to do work at home,
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Si de aceea oamenii prefera sa munceasca acasa,
04:49
or they might go to the office,
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sau pot merge la birou,
04:51
but they might go to the office really early in the day,
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dar pot merge la birou foarte devreme,
04:53
or late at night when no one's around,
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sau foarte tarziu seara, cand nu e nimeni prin preajma,
04:55
or they stick around after everyone's left, or they go in on the weekends,
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sau raman cand toata lumea a plecat, sau merg in weekenduri,
04:58
or they get work done on the plane,
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sau muncesc din avion,
05:00
or they get work done in the car or in the train
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sau muncesc in tren sau in masina
05:02
because there are no distractions.
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pentru ca nu exista nimic care sa le distraga atentia.
05:04
Now, there are different kinds of distractions,
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Putem identifica diferite categorii de factori perturbatori£
05:06
but there aren't the really bad kinds of distractions
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dar acestia nu sunt intreruperile cele mai grave
05:08
that I'll talk about in just a minute.
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despre care voi vorbi imediat.
05:10
And this sort of whole phenomenon
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Iar acest intreg fenomen
05:12
of having short bursts of time to get things done
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de a avea numai intervale scurte de timp pentru a rezolva ceva
05:14
reminds me of another thing
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imi aminteste de inca ceva
05:16
that doesn't work when you're interrupted,
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ce nu functioneaza cand esti intrerupt,
05:18
and that is sleep.
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si anume somnul.
05:20
I think that sleep and work are very closely related,
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Cred ca somnul si munca sunt foarte asemanatoare.
05:22
and it's not just that you can work while you're sleeping
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Si nu ma refer numai la faptul ca poti munci in timp ce dormi
05:24
and you can sleep while you're working.
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si poti dormi in timp ce muncesti.
05:26
That's not really what I mean.
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Nu asta vreau sa spun.
05:28
I'm talking specifically about the fact
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Vorbesc mai exact despre faptul ca
05:30
that sleep and work
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somnul si munca
05:32
are phased-based,
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sunt structurate fazic,
05:34
or stage-based, events.
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sau evenimente bazate pe stadii.
05:37
So sleep is about sleep phases, or stages --
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Deci somnul are mai multe faze, sau stadii --
05:40
some people call them different things.
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unii oameni au pentru ele diverse denumiri.
05:42
There's five of them,
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Sunt cinci,
05:44
and in order to get to the really deep ones, the really meaningful ones,
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si pentru a ajunge la stadiile cele mai profunde, cele mai importante,
05:47
you have to go through the early ones.
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trebuie sa treci prin primele faze ale somnului.
05:49
And if you're interrupted while you're going through the early ones --
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Iar daca esti intrerupt cand treci prin primele faze --
05:51
if someone bumps you in bed,
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daca cineva te atinge in timpul somnului,
05:53
or if there's a sound, or whatever happens --
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sau daca se aude ceva, sau se intampla altceva --
05:56
you don't just pick up where you left off.
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nu continui somnul de unde ai ramas.
05:58
If you're interrupted and woken up,
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Daca esti intrerupt si esti trezit,
06:00
you have to start again.
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trebuie sa o iei de la capat.
06:02
So you have to go back a few phases and start again.
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Deci trebuie sa reiei cateva faze si sa incepi din nou.
06:05
And what ends up happening -- sometimes you might have days like this
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Si sfarseste prin a se intampla astfel -- cateodata se poate intampla sa ai astfel de zile
06:07
where you wake up at eight in the morning, or seven in the morning,
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cand te trezesti la opt dimineata, sau sapte,
06:09
or whenever you get up,
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sau cand te trezesti
06:11
and you're like, man, I didn't really sleep very well.
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si zici, mama, ce prost am dormit.
06:13
I did the sleep thing -- I went to bed, I laid down --
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Am dormit -- m-am dus la culcare, m-am intins in pat --
06:16
but I didn't really sleep.
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dar parca n-am dormit de fapt.
06:18
People say you go to sleep,
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Spunem ca mergem la culcare,
06:21
but you really don't go to sleep, you go towards sleep.
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dar de fapt nu mergem la culcare, ci mergem spre culcare.
06:23
It just takes a while. You've got to go through these phases and stuff,
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Iti ia ceva; trebuie sa treci prin aceste faze, etc;
06:26
and if you're interrupted, you don't sleep well.
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Iar daca esti intrerupt, nu dormi bine.
06:28
So how do we expect -- does anyone here expect someone to sleep well
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Deci cum sa ne asteptam -- cineva de aici se asteapta ca cineva sa doarma bine
06:30
if they're interrupted all night?
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daca sunt intrerupti de-a lungul intregii nopti?
06:32
I don't think anyone would say yes.
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Nu cred ca cineva ar spune ca da.
06:34
Why do we expect people to work well
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De ce ne asteptam ca oamenii sa munceasca bine
06:36
if they're being interrupted all day at the office?
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daca sunt intrerupti constant in timpul zilei la birou?
06:38
How can we possibly expect people to do their job
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Cum ne putem astepta ca oamenii sa isi faca treaba
06:41
if they're going to the office to be interrupted?
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daca merg la birou pentru a fi intrerupti?
06:43
That doesn't really seem like it makes a lot of sense to me.
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Mie nu prea mi se pare sa aiba logica acest lucru.
06:46
So what are these interruptions that happen at the office
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Deci ce sunt aceste intreruperi care apar in mod constant la birou
06:48
that don't happen at other places?
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dar nu si in alte locuri?
06:50
Because in other places, you can have interruptions,
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Pentru ca in alte locuri, poti avea factori perturbatori,
06:52
like, you can have the TV,
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precum, poti avea un televizor,
06:54
or you could go for a walk,
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sau poti face o plimbare,
06:56
or there's a fridge downstairs,
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sau e un frigider la parter,
06:58
or you've got your own couch, or whatever you want to do.
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sau ai propria canapea, sau orice ai vrea sa faci.
07:01
And if you talk to certain managers,
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Si daca vorbiti cu anumiti manageri,
07:03
they'll tell you that they don't want their employees to work at home
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va vor spune ca nu vor ca angajatii lor sa lucreze de acasa
07:06
because of these distractions.
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pentru ca sunt adesea distrasi.
07:08
They'll also say --
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Ei spun de asemenea --
07:10
sometimes they'll also say,
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cateodata vor spune de asemenea,
07:12
"Well, if I can't see the person, how do I know they're working?"
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"Ei bine, daca nu vad persoana, cum ma pot asigura ca munceste?"
07:14
which is ridiculous, of course, but that's one of the excuses that managers give.
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ceea ce este bineinteles ridicol, dar aceasta este una dintre scuzele pe care le invoca managerii.
07:17
And I'm one of these managers.
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Si eu sunt un manager.
07:19
I understand. I know how this goes.
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Inteleg; stiu cum merg lucrurile.
07:21
We all have to improve on this sort of thing.
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Cu totii trebuie sa ne imbunatatim aceste aspecte.
07:23
But oftentimes they'll cite distractions.
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Dar de multe ori, vor cita factorii perturbatori.
07:25
"I can't let someone work at home.
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"Nu pot sa las pe cineva sa lucreze de acasa.
07:27
They'll watch TV. They'll do this other thing."
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Vor privi la televizor. Vor face alte lucruri."
07:29
It turns out that those aren't the things that are really distracting.
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Se pare insa ca nu acestea sunt lucrurile care distrag de fapt atentia.
07:32
Because those are voluntary distractions.
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Deoarece acelea sunt perturbatii voluntare.
07:34
You decide when you want to be distracted by the TV.
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Tu decizi cand vrei sa fii distras de televizor.
07:36
You decide when you want to turn something on.
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Tu decizi cand vrei sa aprinzi ceva.
07:38
You decide when you want to go downstairs or go for a walk.
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To decizi cand vrei sa cobori la parter sau cand vrei sa faci o plimbare.
07:41
At the office, most of the interruptions and distractions
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La birou, majoritatea intreruperilor sau perturbarilor
07:43
that really cause people not to get work done
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care sunt de fapt cauza imposibilitatii oamenilor sa duca la bun sfarsit munca
07:45
are involuntary.
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sunt involuntare.
07:47
So let's go through a couple of those.
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Sa le trecem in revista pe cateva dintre ele.
07:50
Now, managers and bosses
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Deci, managerii si sefii
07:52
will often have you think that the real distractions at work
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va vor face in mod obisnuit sa credeti ca adevaratele perturbari la munca
07:55
are things like Facebook and Twitter
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sunt lucruri precum Facebook sau Twitter
07:58
and YouTube and other websites,
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si Youtube si alte site-uri.
08:01
and in fact, they'll go so far
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Si de fapt vor merge atat de departe
08:03
as to actually ban these sites at work.
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incat chiar sa interzica accesul la aceste site-uri de la birou.
08:05
Some of you may work at places where you can't get to these certain sites.
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Unii dintre voi s-ar putea sa lucrati in locuri de unde nu aveti acces la aceste site-uri.
08:08
I mean, is this China? What the hell is going on here?
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Adica, suntem in China? Ce naiba se intampla acolo?
08:11
You can't go to a website at work,
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Nu poti vizita un website la birou,
08:13
and that's the problem, that's why people aren't getting work done,
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si asta este o problema, de aceea nu reusesc oamenii sa munceasca la birou,
08:15
because they're going to Facebook and they're going to Twitter?
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pentru ca intra pe Facebook si intra pe Twitter?
08:17
That's kind of ridiculous. It's a total decoy.
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E oarecum ridicol. E numai o momeala.
08:22
And today's Facebook and Twitter and YouTube,
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Si astazi e vorba de Facebook si Twitter si Youtube,
08:24
these things are just modern-day smoke breaks.
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acestea sunt doar varianta moderna a pauzelor de tigara.
08:27
No one cared about letting people take a smoke break for 15 minutes
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Nimanui nu-i pasa ca oamenii isi luau o pauza de tigara de 15 minute
08:29
10 years ago,
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acum 10 ani,
08:31
so why does everyone care about someone going to Facebook here and there,
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prin urmare de ce isi pun cu totii problema ca cineva intra din cand in cand pe Facebook,
08:33
or Twitter here and there, or YouTube here and there?
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sau Twitter din cand in cand, sau Youtube din cand in cand?
08:35
Those aren't the real problems in the office.
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Nu acestea sunt adevaratele probleme la birou.
08:38
The real problems are what I like to call
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Adevaratele probleme sunt cele pe care imi place sa le numesc
08:40
the M&Ms,
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S&S (M&M),
08:42
the Managers and the Meetings.
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sefii si sedintele (managers&meetings).
08:44
Those are the real problems in the modern office today.
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Acestea sunt adevaratele probleme in birourile din ziua de azi.
08:47
And this is why things don't get done at work --
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Acesta este motivul pentru care munca nu se face la birou,
08:50
it's because of the M&Ms.
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este din cauza S&S-urilor.
08:52
Now what's interesting is,
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Acum ceea ce este interesant este,
08:54
if you listen to all the places that people talk about doing work --
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daca consideram toate locurile in care oamenii spun ca pot sa munceasca --
08:57
like at home, or in a car, or on a plane,
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precum acasa, sau in masina, sau in avion,
08:59
or late at night, or early in the morning --
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sau seara tarziu, sau foarte devreme dimineata --
09:01
you don't find managers and meetings.
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nu gasesti nicaieri sefi si sedinte;
09:03
You find a lot of other distractions, but you don't find managers and meetings.
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gasesti o groaza de alti factori perturbatori, dar nu manageri si sedinte.
09:06
So these are the things that you don't find elsewhere,
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Deci acestea sunt lucrurile ce nu pot fi gasite in alta parte,
09:09
but you do find at the office.
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dar le intalnesti in birouri.
09:12
And managers are basically people
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Iar managerii sunt practic oameni
09:14
whose job it is to interrupt people.
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a caror treaba este sa intrerupa alti oameni.
09:16
That's pretty much what managers are for. They're for interrupting people.
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In mare acesta este rolul managerilor, de a intrerupe oamenii.
09:19
They don't really do the work,
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Nu fac de fapt treaba,
09:21
so they have to make sure everyone else is doing the work, which is an interruption.
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asa ca trebuie sa se asigure ca toti ceilalti fac treaba, ceea ce in sine este o intrerupere.
09:24
And we have a lot of managers in the world now,
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Si avem multi manageri la acest moment in lume.
09:26
and there's a lot of people in the world now,
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Si sunt multi oameni in lume acum.
09:28
and there's a lot of interruptions in the world now because of these managers.
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Si sunt multe intreruperi in lume acum din cauza acelor manageri.
09:30
They have to check in: "Hey, how's it going?
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Trebuie sa verifice: "Hei, cum merge?
09:32
Show me what's up," and this sort of thing
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Arata-mi despre ce e vorba," si alte astfel de lucruri.
09:34
and they keep interrupting you at the wrong time,
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Si te tot intrerup exact in momentele nepotrivite,
09:36
while you're actually trying to do something they're paying you to do,
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cand tu chiar incerci sa faci ceva pentru care ei te platesc,
09:39
they tend to interrupt you.
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ei tind sa te intrerupa.
09:41
That's kind of bad.
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Asta e destul de rau.
09:43
But what's even worse is the thing that managers do most of all,
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Dar ce este si mai rau e ca managerii mai ales
09:46
which is call meetings.
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convoaca sedinte.
09:48
And meetings are just toxic,
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Iar sedintele sunt pur si simplu toxice,
09:50
terrible, poisonous things
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ingrozitoare, lucruri otravitoare
09:53
during the day at work.
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in ziua de lucru.
09:55
We all know this to be true,
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Stim cu totii ca este adevarat.
09:58
and you would never see a spontaneous meeting called by employees.
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Si nu veti vedea niciodata o sedinta spontana organizata de angajati;
10:00
It doesn't work that way.
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nu functioneaza asa.
10:02
The manager calls the meeting
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Managerii convoaca o sedinta,
10:04
so the employees can all come together,
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la care sa participe toti angajatii,
10:06
and it's an incredibly disruptive thing to do to people --
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si un lucru incredibil de perturbator pe care il poti face unor oameni --
10:08
is to say, "Hey look,
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este sa spui, " Hei, uite,
10:10
we're going to bring 10 people together right now and have a meeting.
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vom aduna 10 oameni chiar acum si vom tine o sedinta.
10:13
I don't care what you're doing.
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Nu conteaza ce fac.
10:15
Just, you've got to stop doing what you're doing, so you can have this meeting."
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Trebuie sa va opriti din a face ceea ce faceati, pentru a putea avea aceasta sedinta."
10:18
I mean, what are the chances that all 10 people are ready to stop?
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Adica, care sunt sansele ca toti cei 10 oameni sa fie pregatiti sa se opreasca?
10:21
What if they're thinking about something important?
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Daca se gandesc la ceva important?
10:23
What if they're doing important work?
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Daca fac o munca importanta?
10:25
All of a sudden you're telling them that they have to stop doing that
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Din senin le spui ca trebuie sa se opreasca din ceea ce faceau
10:27
to do something else.
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pentru a face altceva.
10:29
So they go into a meeting room, they get together,
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Asa ca merg intr-o sala de sedinte, se intalnesc,
10:32
and they talk about stuff that doesn't really matter usually.
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si vorbesc despre niste lucruri care de obicei nici nu prea conteaza.
10:35
Because meetings aren't work.
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Pentru ca sedintele nu sunt munca.
10:37
Meetings are places to go to talk about things you're supposed to be doing later.
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Sedintele sunt intalniri pentru a discuta despre lucruri pe care urmeaza sa le faci mai tarziu.
10:40
But meetings also procreate.
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Dar sedintele, de asemenea, procreeaza.
10:42
So one meeting tends to lead to another meeting
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Asa ca o sedinta tinde sa duca la o noua sedinta
10:44
and tends to lead to another meeting.
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si tinde sa conduca la o alta sedinta.
10:46
There's often too many people in the meetings,
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Sunt de obicei prea multi oameni intr-o sedinta,
10:48
and they're very, very expensive to the organization.
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si sunt foarte, foarte scumpe pentru organizatii.
10:51
Companies often think of a one-hour meeting as a one-hour meeting,
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Companiile tind sa vada o sedinta de o ora, ca pe o sedinta de o ora,
10:54
but that's not true, unless there's only one person in that meeting.
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dar acest lucru nu este adevarat, decat in situatia in care nu este decat un om in sedinta.
10:57
If there are 10 people in the meeting, it's a 10-hour meeting; it's not a one-hour meeting.
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Daca sunt 10 oameni in sedinta, este o sedinta de 10 ore, nu este o sedinta de o ora.
11:00
It's 10 hours of productivity taken from the rest of the organization
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Sunt 10 ore de productivitate furate organizatiei
11:03
to have this one one-hour meeting,
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pentru a tine aceasta sedinta de o ora,
11:05
which probably should have been handled by two or three people
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care probabil ar fi trebuit rezolvata de doi-trei oameni
11:08
talking for a few minutes.
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stand de vorba cateva minute.
11:10
But instead, there's a long scheduled meeting,
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Dar in loc, programam o sedinta lunga,
11:12
because meetings are scheduled the way software works,
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pentru ca sedintele sunt programate pe acelasi sistem pe care functioneaza programele informatice,
11:15
which is in increments of 15 minutes, or 30 minutes, or an hour.
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adica in intervale de 15 minute sau 30 minute sau o ora.
11:18
You don't schedule an eight-hour meeting with Outlook.
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Nu iti programezi o sedinta de opt ore cu Outlook.
11:20
You can't. I don't even know if you can.
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Nu poti. Nici macar nu stiu daca poti.
11:22
You can go 15 minutes or 30 minutes or 45 minutes or an hour.
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Poti sa alegi 15 minute sau 30 de minute sau 45 de minute sau o ora.
11:25
And so we tend to fill these times up
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Si astfel suntem obisnuiti sa ocupam acest timp
11:27
when things should really go really quickly.
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cand lucrurile ar trebui de fapt sa mearga foarte repede.
11:29
So meetings and managers are two major problems in businesses today,
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Deci sedintele si sefii sunt doua probleme majore ale companiilor in zilele noastre,
11:32
especially to offices.
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mai ales pentru birouri.
11:34
These things don't exist outside of the office.
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Aceste lucruri nu exista in afara biroului.
11:37
So I have some suggestions
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Astfel ca am cateva sugestii
11:39
to remedy the situation.
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pentru a remedia situatia.
11:42
What can managers do --
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Ce pot face managerii --
11:44
enlightened managers, hopefully --
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manageri luminati, sper --
11:46
what can they do to make the office a better place for people to work,
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ce pot face pentru a transforma birourile in locuri mai bune pentru munca,
11:49
so it's not the last resort, but it's the first resort?
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astfel incat sa nu fie o solutie de ultima instanta, ci prima solutie?
11:52
It's that people start to say,
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Astfel incat oamenii sa inceapa sa zica,
11:54
"When I really want to get stuff done, I go to the office."
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"Cand vreau cu adevarat sa rezolv ceva, merg la birou."
11:56
Because the offices are well equipped,
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Pentru ca birourile sunt bine echipate,
11:58
everything should be there for them to do their work,
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tot ce exista acolo este astfel incat ei sa-si poata face treaba,
12:00
but they don't want to go there right now, so how do we change that?
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dar angajatii nu isi doresc la acest moment sa mearga acolo, deci cum schimbam asta?
12:03
I have three suggestions I'll share with you guys.
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Am trei sugestii pe care vreau sa le impartasesc cu voi.
12:05
I have about three minutes, so that'll fit perfectly.
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Mai am aproximativ trei minute, deci ma voi incadra perfect.
12:08
We've all heard of the casual Friday thing.
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Am auzit cu totii de obiceiul cu vinerea cu tinuta lejera.
12:11
I don't know if people still do that.
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Nu stiu daca inca se mai practica.
12:13
But how about "no-talk Thursdays?"
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Dar cum ar fi sa avem Joia fara-vorba.
12:16
How about --
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Ce ziceti de --
12:18
pick one Thursday once a month
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alegeti o joi o data pe luna
12:20
and cut that day in half and just say the afternoon -- I'll make it really easy for you.
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taiati acea zi in jumatate si sa spunem numai dupa-amiaza -- va usurez sarcina.
12:23
So just the afternoon, one Thursday.
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Deci numai dupa-amiaza, intr-o joi.
12:25
The first Thursday of the month -- just the afternoon --
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Prima joi a lunii -- doar dupa-amiaza --
12:27
nobody in the office can talk to each other.
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nimeni din birou nu are voie sa vorbeasca cu colegii.
12:29
Just silence, that's it.
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Liniste, atat.
12:31
And what you'll find
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Si ceea ce veti descoperi
12:33
is that a tremendous amount of work actually gets done
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este ca va fi facuta o groaza de treaba
12:35
when no one talks to each other.
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cand nimeni nu vorbeste cu ceilalti colegi.
12:37
This is when people actually get stuff done,
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Acesta este momentul cand oamenii chiar fac treaba,
12:39
is when no one's bothering them, when no one's interrupting them.
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cand nimeni nu-i deranjeaza, cand nimeni nu-i intrerupe.
12:41
And you can give someone -- giving someone four hours of uninterrupted time
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Si poti acorda cuiva -- sa acorzi cuiva patru ore neintrerupte
12:44
is the best gift you can give anybody at work.
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este cel mai inspirat cadou pe care il poti face cuiva la birou.
12:46
It's better than a computer.
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E mai bine decat a-i da un computer.
12:48
It's better than a new monitor. It's better than new software,
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E mai bun decat un nou monitor. Mai bun decat un nou software,
12:51
or whatever people typically use.
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sau orice folosesc oamenii in general.
12:53
Giving them four hours of quiet time at the office
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A le acorda patru ore de liniste la birou
12:55
is going to be incredibly valuable.
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aduce incredibil de multa valoare.
12:57
And if you try that, I think you'll find that you agree.
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Si daca incercati asta, cred ca veti fi de acord cu mine.
12:59
And maybe, hopefully you can do it more often.
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Si poate, ati putea sa o faceti mai des.
13:01
So maybe it's every other week,
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Asa ca poate o data la doua saptamani,
13:03
or every week, once a week,
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sau in fiecare saptamana, o data pe saptamana,
13:05
afternoons no one can talk to each other.
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dupa-amiaza nimeni nu poate vorbi cu altcineva.
13:07
That's something that you'll find will really, really work.
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Este ceva ce veti constata ca intr-adevar functioneaza.
13:10
Another thing you can try
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Un alt lucru pe care il puteti incerca
13:12
is switching from active
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este sa treceti de la
13:14
communication and collaboration,
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o comunicare si colaborare active,
13:16
which is like face-to-face stuff,
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adica o discutie fata in fata,
13:18
tapping people on the shoulder, saying hi to them, having meetings,
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sa bati oamenii pe umar, sa ii saluti, sa tii sedinte,
13:21
and replace that with more passive models of communication,
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si sa inlocuiesti aceste lucruri cu un model de comunicare mai pasiv
13:23
using things like email and instant messaging,
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folosind instrumente ca emailul sau chat-ul,
13:26
or collaboration products -- things like that.
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sau produse de colaborare -- lucruri de genul acesta.
13:29
Now some people might say email is really distracting
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Acum unii ar putea spune ca si emailul este foarte perturbator
13:32
and I.M. is really distracting,
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si chat-ul iti distrage atentia,
13:34
and these other things are really distracting,
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si celelalte lucruri sunt perturbatoare,
13:36
but they're distracting at a time of your own choice and your own choosing.
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dar iti distrag atentia intr-un moment pe care tu il alegi si pentru ca tu permiti asta.
13:39
You can quit the email app; you can't quit your boss.
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Poti sa parasesti aplicatia de email, nu-ti poti parasi seful.
13:42
You can quit I.M.;
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Poti sa iesi de pe chat,
13:44
you can't hide your manager.
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dar nu te poti ascunde de managerul tau.
13:46
You can put these things away,
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Poti lasa de o parte toate aceste lucruri,
13:48
and then you can be interrupted on your own schedule, at your own time,
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iar apoi poti fi intrerupt in programul tau, cand vrei tu,
13:51
when you're available, when you're ready to go again.
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cand esti disponibil, cand esti gata sa o faci din nou.
13:53
Because work, like sleep, happens in phases.
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Pentru ca munca, precum somnul, se fac in etape.
13:56
So you're going to be kind of going up and doing some work,
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Deci vei creste putin incepand sa muncesti,
13:58
and then you're going to come down from that work,
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apoi vei reveni din acea stare de munca,
14:00
and then maybe it's time to check that email, or check that I.M.
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iar apoi poate ca a venit timpul sa verifici acel email, sau chatul.
14:02
And there are very, very few things that are that urgent
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Si sunt foarte, foarte putine lucruri care sunt atat de urgente
14:05
that need to happen, that need to be answered right this second.
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care trebuie sa se intample, la care trebuie raspuns pe moment.
14:08
So if you're a manager,
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Deci daca managerul tau,
14:10
start encouraging people to use more things like I.M. and email
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incepe sa incurajeze folosirea unor instrumente precum chat-ul sau email-ul
14:12
and other things that someone else can put away
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sau alte lucruri pe care cineva le poate pune de o parte
14:14
and then get back to you on their own schedule.
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ca apoi sa revina asupra lor la momentul potrivit.
14:16
And the last suggestion I have
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Iar ultima sugestie pe care o am
14:19
is that, if you do have a meeting coming up,
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este ca, daca urmeaza sa ai o sedinta,
14:22
if you have the power,
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daca ai autoritatea,
14:24
just cancel. Just cancel that next meeting.
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pur si simplu anuleaz-o, anuleaza acea sedinta.
14:28
Today's Friday -- so Monday, usually people have meetings on Monday.
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Azi e vineri -- deci luni, in general se tin sedinte lunea.
14:30
Just don't have it.
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Nu o mai tineti.
14:32
I don't mean move it;
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Nu spun sa o mutati,
14:34
I mean just erase it from memory, it's gone.
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spun sa v-o stergeti din memorie, s-a dus.
14:36
And you'll find out that everything will be just fine.
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Si veti constata ca totul va fi in regula.
14:39
All these discussions and decisions you thought you had to make
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Toate acele discutii si decizii pe care credeati ca trebuie sa le luati
14:41
at this one time at 9 a.m. on Monday,
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la acel moment, la ora 9:00 in dimineata de luni,
14:43
just forget about them, and things will be just fine.
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pur si simplu uitati de ele, totul va fi in regula.
14:45
People have a more open morning, they can actually think,
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Oamenii au o dimineata mai libera, au timp sa gandeasca,
14:48
and you'll find out that maybe all these things you thought you had to do,
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si vei afla ca poate toate acele lucruri pe care credeati ca trebuie sa le faceti,
14:50
you don't actually have to do.
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de fapt nu trebuie sa le faci.
14:52
So those are just three quick suggestions I wanted to give you guys
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Acestea sunt trei sugestii rapide pe care vroiam sa vi le fac
14:54
to think about this.
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pentru a va gandi la ele.
14:56
And I hope that some of these ideas
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Si sper ca unele dintre aceste idei
14:58
were at least provocative enough
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au fost macar suficient de provocatoare
15:00
for managers and bosses and business owners
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pentru manageri si sefi si patroni
15:02
and organizers and people who are in charge of other people
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si organizatori si persoane care conduc alte persoane
15:05
to think about laying off a little bit
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pentru a lua in considerare sa o lase mai usor
15:07
and giving people some more time to get some work done.
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si sa acorde oamenilor mai mult timp pentru a face treaba.
15:09
And I think it'll all pay off in the end.
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Si cred ca totul va da randament in final.
15:11
So thanks for listening.
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Va multumesc pentru atentie.
15:13
(Applause)
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(Aplauze)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jason Fried - Software entrepreneurJason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework."
Why you should listen
Jason Fried is the co-founder and president of 37signals , a Chicago-based company that builds web-based productivity tools that, in their words, "do less than the competition -- intentionally." 37signals' simple but powerful collaboration tools include Basecamp, Highrise, Backpack, Campfire, Ta-da List, and Writeboard. 37signals also developed and open-sourced the Ruby on Rails programming framework.
Fried is the co-author, with David Heinemeier Hansson, of the book Rework, about new ways to conceptualize working and creating. Salon's Scott Rosenberg called it "a minimalist manifesto that's profoundly practical. In a world where we all keep getting asked to do more with less, the authors show us how to do less and create more."
Jason Fried | Speaker | TED.com