ABOUT THE SPEAKER
William Ury - Mediator
William Ury is a mediator, writer and speaker, working with conflicts ranging from family feuds to boardroom battles to ethnic wars. He's the author of "Getting to Yes."

Why you should listen

William L. Ury co-founded Harvard's Program on Negotiation and is currently a Senior Fellow of the Harvard Negotiation Project. He is the author of The Power of a Positive No: How to Say No & Still Get to Yes, and co-author (with Roger Fisher) of Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In, translated into 30+ languages. He is also author of the award-winning Getting Past No: Negotiating with Difficult People and Getting To Peace (released in paperback under the title The Third Side).

Over the last 30 years, Ury has served as a negotiation adviser and mediator in conflicts ranging from corporate mergers to wildcat strikes in a Kentucky coal mine to ethnic wars in the Middle East, the Balkans, and the former Soviet Union. With former president Jimmy Carter, he co- founded the International Negotiation Network, a non-governmental body seeking to end civil wars around the world. During the 1980s, he helped the US and Soviet governments create nuclear crisis centers designed to avert an accidental nuclear war. In that capacity, he served as a consultant to the Crisis Management Center at the White House. More recently, Ury has served as a third party in helping to end a civil war in Aceh, Indonesia, and helping to prevent one in Venezuela.

Ury has taught negotiation to tens of thousands of corporate executives, labor leaders, diplomats and military officers around the world. He helps organizations try to reach mutually profitable agreements with customers, suppliers, unions, and joint-venture partners.

More profile about the speaker
William Ury | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxMidwest

William Ury: The walk from "no" to "yes"

威廉·尤里William Ury:从“不”到“是”的历程

Filmed:
2,393,780 views

《谈判力》的作者威廉·尤里,提供了一种高雅,简单(但是并不容易)的方法,它使得人们在哪怕是最困难的谈判中,比如从家庭争端,也许到中东问题上达成一致。
- Mediator
William Ury is a mediator, writer and speaker, working with conflicts ranging from family feuds to boardroom battles to ethnic wars. He's the author of "Getting to Yes." Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
Well, the subject学科 of difficult negotiation谈判
0
0
3000
艰难的谈判这个主题
00:18
reminds提醒 me of one of my favorite喜爱 stories故事
1
3000
2000
使我想起了一个我最喜欢的
00:20
from the Middle中间 East,
2
5000
2000
中东的故事,
00:22
of a man who left to his three sons儿子 17 camels骆驼.
3
7000
3000
有一个男人给他的三个孩子留下了17只骆驼。
00:25
To the first son儿子, he left half the camels骆驼.
4
10000
3000
他给大儿子一半的骆驼;
00:28
To the second第二 son儿子, he left a third第三 of the camels骆驼,
5
13000
2000
给二儿子三分之一的骆驼;
00:30
and to the youngest最年轻的 son儿子, he left a ninth第九 of the camels骆驼.
6
15000
2000
给小儿子九分之一的骆驼。
00:32
Well three sons儿子 got into a negotiation谈判.
7
17000
2000
然后三个儿子就开始了谈判。
00:34
Seventeen十七 doesn't divide划分 by two.
8
19000
2000
17无法被2整除。
00:36
It doesn't divide划分 by three.
9
21000
2000
17无法被3整除。
00:38
It doesn't divide划分 by nine.
10
23000
2000
17也无法被9整除。
00:40
Brotherly兄弟的 tempers脾气 started开始 to get strained紧张.
11
25000
2000
三兄弟的脾气开始变得冒火。
00:42
Finally最后, in desperation绝望,
12
27000
2000
最终,他们绝望了,
00:44
they went and they consulted咨询 a wise明智的 old woman女人.
13
29000
3000
他们去咨询了一个聪明的老妇人。
00:47
The wise明智的 old woman女人 thought about their problem问题 for a long time,
14
32000
2000
这个聪明的老妇人对他们的问题想了很久,
00:49
and finally最后 she came来了 back and said,
15
34000
2000
最终她走了回来说,
00:51
"Well, I don't know if I can help you,
16
36000
2000
“嗯,我不知道我能否帮助你们,
00:53
but at least最小, if you want, you can have my camel骆驼."
17
38000
2000
但至少,如果你们愿意的话,你们可以把我的骆驼拿走。”
00:55
So then they had 18 camels骆驼.
18
40000
2000
于是他们有了18只骆驼。
00:57
The first son儿子 took his half -- half of 18 is nine.
19
42000
3000
大儿子拿了一半儿骆驼,18的一半儿是9只。
01:00
The second第二 son儿子 took his third第三 -- a third第三 of 18 is six.
20
45000
3000
二儿子拿了三分之一,18的三分之一是6只。
01:03
The youngest最年轻的 son儿子 took his ninth第九 --
21
48000
2000
小儿子拿了他的九分之一,
01:05
a ninth第九 of 18 is two.
22
50000
2000
18的九分之一是2只。
01:07
You get 17.
23
52000
2000
于是得到了17只。
01:09
They had one camel骆驼 left over.
24
54000
2000
他们最后剩下了一只骆驼。
01:11
They gave it back to the wise明智的 old woman女人.
25
56000
2000
他们又把它还给了聪明的老妇人。
01:13
(Laughter笑声)
26
58000
2000
(笑声)
01:15
Now if you think about that story故事 for a moment时刻,
27
60000
2000
如果现在你仔细思考一下这个故事的话,
01:17
I think it resembles酷似
28
62000
2000
我觉得它像
01:19
a lot of the difficult negotiations谈判 we get involved参与 in.
29
64000
3000
很多我们所经历过的艰难谈判一样。
01:22
They start开始 off like 17 camels骆驼 -- no way to resolve解决 it.
30
67000
2000
开始他们有17只骆驼--这根本就没办法解决。
01:24
Somehow不知何故, what we need to do
31
69000
2000
然而我们需要做的
01:26
is step back from those situations情况, like that wise明智的 old woman女人,
32
71000
3000
是从问题当中走出来,就像那个聪明的老妇人一样
01:29
look at the situation情况 through通过 fresh新鲜 eyes眼睛
33
74000
2000
重新来看待这个情况,
01:31
and come up with an 18th camel骆驼.
34
76000
3000
然后想出那第18只骆驼的方法。
01:35
Now finding发现 that 18th camel骆驼 in the world's世界 conflicts冲突
35
80000
2000
找出世界争端的第18只骆驼
01:37
has been my life passion.
36
82000
3000
现在成为了我一生的激情所在。
01:40
I basically基本上 see humanity人性 a bit like those three brothers兄弟.
37
85000
3000
我基本上认为人类就像这三个兄弟一样;
01:43
We're all one family家庭.
38
88000
2000
我们是一个大家庭。
01:45
We know that scientifically科学,
39
90000
2000
我们从科学的角度知道这一点
01:47
thanks谢谢 to the communications通讯 revolution革命,
40
92000
2000
感谢信息革命
01:49
all the tribes部落 on the planet行星, all 15,000 tribes部落,
41
94000
3000
使地球上所有的部落,所有15,000个部落
01:52
are in touch触摸 with each other.
42
97000
3000
相连在一起。
01:55
And it's a big family家庭 reunion团圆,
43
100000
2000
这是一个大家庭的团圆。
01:57
and yet然而, like many许多 family家庭 reunions聚会,
44
102000
2000
而且,像很多家庭团圆一样,
01:59
it's not all peace和平 and light.
45
104000
2000
并不总是和平与光明的,
02:01
There's a lot of conflict冲突,
46
106000
2000
也有很多的争端。
02:03
and the question is,
47
108000
2000
问题是,
02:05
how do we deal合同 with our differences分歧?
48
110000
2000
我们怎样处理我们之间的差异?
02:07
How do we deal合同 with our deepest最深 differences分歧,
49
112000
2000
我们怎么处理我们内在的不同,
02:09
given特定 the human人的 propensity倾向 for conflict冲突
50
114000
2000
鉴于人类制造冲突的本性
02:11
and the human人的 genius天才
51
116000
2000
以及拥有制造
02:13
at devising制定 weapons武器 of enormous巨大 destruction毁坏?
52
118000
3000
大规模杀伤性武器的才能?
02:16
That's the question.
53
121000
2000
这是一个问题。
02:18
As I've spent花费 the last better part部分 of three decades几十年,
54
123000
3000
我花了三十多年的时间——
02:21
almost几乎 four,
55
126000
2000
基本上是四十年
02:23
traveling旅行 the world世界,
56
128000
2000
来环球旅行
02:25
trying to work, getting得到 involved参与 in conflicts冲突
57
130000
3000
努力工作,并卷入到
02:28
ranging不等 from Yugoslavia南斯拉夫 to the Middle中间 East
58
133000
3000
从南斯拉夫到中东,
02:31
to Chechnya车臣 to Venezuela委内瑞拉,
59
136000
2000
到车臣,再到委内瑞拉的争端当中,
02:33
some of the most difficult conflicts冲突 on the face面对 of the planet行星,
60
138000
3000
它们几乎都是地球上最艰难的争端,
02:36
I've been asking myself that question.
61
141000
2000
我也一直问自己这个问题。
02:38
And I think I've found发现, in some ways方法,
62
143000
2000
而且我觉得,从某种角度来说,我找到了
02:40
what is the secret秘密 to peace和平.
63
145000
2000
和平的秘密。
02:42
It's actually其实 surprisingly出奇 simple简单.
64
147000
3000
其实它是惊人的简单。
02:45
It's not easy简单, but it's simple简单.
65
150000
3000
它不容易,但是简单。
02:48
It's not even new.
66
153000
2000
它甚至不是刚刚出现的,
02:50
It may可能 be one of our most ancient human人的 heritages遗产.
67
155000
2000
很可能是我们最早的人类遗产之一。
02:52
The secret秘密 to peace和平 is us.
68
157000
3000
和平的秘密就是我们,
02:55
It's us who act法案
69
160000
2000
是我们所有
02:57
as the surrounding周围 community社区
70
162000
2000
在争端周围
02:59
around any conflict冲突,
71
164000
2000
的每一个人,
03:01
who can play a constructive建设性 role角色.
72
166000
2000
并且我们可以发挥建设性的作用。
03:03
Let me give you just a story故事, an example.
73
168000
3000
让我给你们讲一个故事,一个例子。
03:07
About 20 years年份 ago, I was in South Africa非洲
74
172000
2000
20年前,我在南非
03:09
working加工 with the parties派对 in that conflict冲突,
75
174000
2000
和参与冲突的政党一起工作,
03:11
and I had an extra额外 month,
76
176000
2000
我有一个月的额外时间,
03:13
so I spent花费 some time living活的
77
178000
2000
所以我花了一些时间
03:15
with several一些 groups of San Bushmen布须曼人.
78
180000
2000
和一些桑布须曼人生活在一起。
03:17
I was curious好奇 about them and about the way in which哪一个 they resolve解决 conflict冲突.
79
182000
3000
我对他们以及他们解决争端的方法很感兴趣。
03:21
Because, after all, within living活的 memory记忆,
80
186000
2000
因为,在人们的记忆中,
03:23
they were hunters猎人 and gatherers采集,
81
188000
2000
他们是猎人和采集者,
03:25
living活的 pretty漂亮 much like our ancestors祖先 lived生活
82
190000
2000
像我们祖先一样
03:27
for maybe 99 percent百分 of the human人的 story故事.
83
192000
3000
人类历史中可能有99%是像他们这样生活着。
03:30
And all the men男人 have these poison arrows箭头 that they use for hunting狩猎 --
84
195000
3000
所有男人都用带毒的箭来打猎——
03:33
absolutely绝对 fatal致命.
85
198000
2000
绝对是致命的。
03:35
So how do they deal合同 with their differences分歧?
86
200000
2000
那么他们怎么处理争端呢?
03:37
Well what I learned学到了
87
202000
2000
我所学到的是
03:39
is whenever每当 tempers脾气 rise上升 in those communities社区,
88
204000
3000
在这些群体中,无论什么时候关系变得紧张起来,
03:42
someone有人 goes and hides the poison arrows箭头 out in the bush衬套,
89
207000
3000
就会有人去把毒箭藏在丛林当中,
03:45
and then everyone大家 sits坐镇 around in a circle like this,
90
210000
4000
然后所有人坐成一个圈,就像这样,
03:49
and they sit, and they talk, and they talk.
91
214000
3000
他们坐着,讨论着,讨论着。
03:52
It may可能 take two days, three days, four days,
92
217000
2000
他们的讨论可能会用上两天,三天,四天
03:54
but they don't rest休息
93
219000
2000
但是他们不会停下来休息
03:56
until直到 they find a resolution解析度,
94
221000
2000
直到他们找到一个解决的办法,
03:58
or better yet然而, a reconciliation和解.
95
223000
2000
或者更好的话,他们和解。
04:00
And if tempers脾气 are still too high,
96
225000
2000
如果气氛还是很紧张的话,
04:02
then they send发送 someone有人 off to visit访问 some relatives亲戚们
97
227000
2000
他们就会派其中一个人去探访一些亲戚
04:04
as a cooling-off冷静 period.
98
229000
2000
作为一个冷却期。
04:06
Well that system系统
99
231000
2000
我觉得上述系统
04:08
is, I think, probably大概 the system系统 that kept不停 us alive to this point,
100
233000
3000
很可能就是使我们活到现在的这个系统
04:11
given特定 our human人的 tendencies倾向.
101
236000
2000
它考虑到我们人类所拥有的天性。
04:13
That system系统, I call the "third第三 side."
102
238000
3000
这个系统,我将它称为“第三方”。
04:16
Because if you think about it,
103
241000
2000
如果你想一想的话,
04:18
normally一般 when we think of conflict冲突, when we describe描述 it,
104
243000
3000
当我们思考一个冲突,当我们描述它的时候,
04:21
there's always two sides双方 --
105
246000
2000
总是有两方。
04:23
it's Arabs阿拉伯人 versus Israelis以色列人, labor劳动 versus management管理,
106
248000
2000
这好比阿拉伯人与以色列人,劳动与管理,
04:25
husband丈夫 versus wife妻子, Republicans共和党人 versus Democrats民主党.
107
250000
3000
丈夫与妻子,共和党人与民主党人,
04:28
But what we don't often经常 see
108
253000
2000
但是我们没有注意到的是
04:30
is that there's always a third第三 side,
109
255000
2000
总会有一个第三方。
04:32
and the third第三 side of the conflict冲突 is us,
110
257000
2000
而这个第三方,就是我们,
04:34
it's the surrounding周围 community社区,
111
259000
2000
是周围的团体,
04:36
it's the friends朋友, the allies盟国,
112
261000
2000
朋友,联盟,
04:38
the family家庭 members会员, the neighbors邻居.
113
263000
2000
家庭成员,和邻居。
04:40
And we can play an incredibly令人难以置信 constructive建设性 role角色.
114
265000
3000
我们可以起到非常有建设性的作用。
04:43
Perhaps也许 the most fundamental基本的 way
115
268000
2000
也许第三方起到的最根本的作用
04:45
in which哪一个 the third第三 side can help
116
270000
3000
是提醒其它两方
04:48
is to remind提醒 the parties派对 of what's really at stake赌注.
117
273000
3000
什么才是最重要的。
04:51
For the sake清酒 of the kids孩子, for the sake清酒 of the family家庭,
118
276000
2000
为孩子着想,为家庭着想,
04:53
for the sake清酒 of the community社区, for the sake清酒 of the future未来,
119
278000
3000
为社区着想,为将来着想,
04:56
let's stop fighting战斗 for a moment时刻 and start开始 talking.
120
281000
3000
让我们暂时停止争斗,开始谈一谈。
04:59
Because, the thing is,
121
284000
2000
因为当我们
05:01
when we're involved参与 in conflict冲突,
122
286000
2000
陷入一场冲突当中的时候,
05:03
it's very easy简单 to lose失去 perspective透视.
123
288000
2000
我们非常容易失去理智。
05:05
It's very easy简单 to react应对.
124
290000
2000
我们很容易有所反应。
05:07
Human人的 beings众生 -- we're reaction反应 machines.
125
292000
3000
人类就是反应机器。
05:10
And as the saying goes,
126
295000
2000
常言道,
05:12
when angry愤怒, you will make the best最好 speech言语
127
297000
2000
当你生气时,你将作出最激昂的演讲
05:14
you will ever regret后悔.
128
299000
3000
为此你会后悔一辈子。
05:17
And so the third第三 side reminds提醒 us of that.
129
302000
3000
所以第三方提醒了我们这一点。
05:20
The third第三 side helps帮助 us go to the balcony阳台,
130
305000
2000
第三方帮助我们来到阳台上,
05:22
which哪一个 is a metaphor隐喻 for a place地点 of perspective透视,
131
307000
3000
这是一个比喻,指的是一个审视思考的地方,
05:25
where we can keep our eyes眼睛 on the prize.
132
310000
3000
让我们把注意力集中在代价上面。
05:28
Let me tell you a little story故事 from my own拥有 negotiating谈判 experience经验.
133
313000
3000
让我给你们讲一个我自己谈判经历的故事。
05:31
Some years年份 ago, I was involved参与 as a facilitator主持人
134
316000
3000
几年前我作为调停者卷进了
05:34
in some very tough强硬 talks会谈
135
319000
2000
一些非常艰难的谈判对话
05:36
between之间 the leaders领导者 of Russia俄国
136
321000
2000
在俄罗斯领导人
05:38
and the leaders领导者 of Chechnya车臣.
137
323000
2000
和车臣领导人之间的谈判。
05:40
There was a war战争 going on, as you know.
138
325000
2000
你知道,那个时候战争正在进行当中。
05:42
And we met会见 in the Hague海牙,
139
327000
2000
我们在海牙
05:44
in the Peace和平 Palace,
140
329000
2000
和平宫里见面,
05:46
in the same相同 room房间 where the Yugoslav南斯拉夫的 war战争 crimes犯罪 tribunal法庭
141
331000
3000
就在南斯拉夫战争罪行审判
05:49
was taking服用 place地点.
142
334000
2000
发生的同一间屋子里。
05:51
And the talks会谈 got off to a rather rocky岩石 start开始
143
336000
2000
从一开始这对话就非常的艰难
05:53
when the vice president主席 of Chechnya车臣
144
338000
2000
当车臣的副总统
05:55
began开始 by pointing指点 at the Russians俄罗斯 and said,
145
340000
3000
开始指着俄国人说,
05:58
"You should stay right here in your seats,
146
343000
2000
“你应该好好地待在你们的位置上,
06:00
because you're going to be on trial审讯 for war战争 crimes犯罪."
147
345000
2000
因为你们将要接受战争罪行的审判。”
06:02
And then he went on, and then he turned转身 to me and said,
148
347000
2000
然后他转向我,继续说到,
06:04
"You're an American美国.
149
349000
2000
“你是一个美国人,
06:06
Look at what you Americans美国人 are doing in Puerto波多黎各 Rico波多黎各."
150
351000
3000
看看你们美国人在波多黎各都做了些什么。”
06:09
And my mind心神 started开始 racing赛跑, "Puerto波多黎各 Rico波多黎各? What do I know about Puerto波多黎各 Rico波多黎各?"
151
354000
3000
于是我开始想,“波多黎各?关于波多黎各我都知道什么?”
06:12
I started开始 reacting反应,
152
357000
2000
我开始进行反应,
06:14
but then I tried试着 to remember记得 to go to the balcony阳台.
153
359000
3000
但然后我就想回到阳台上去。
06:17
And then when he paused暂停,
154
362000
2000
当他停下来,
06:19
and everyone大家 looked看着 at me for a response响应,
155
364000
2000
所有人都等待我回答的时候,
06:21
from a balcony阳台 perspective透视, I was able能够 to thank him for his remarks备注
156
366000
3000
我从阳台上看到了一些东西,我可以感谢他的提醒
06:24
and say, "I appreciate欣赏 your criticism批评 of my country国家,
157
369000
3000
于是我说,“谢谢你对我祖国的批评,
06:27
and I take it as a sign标志 that we're among其中 friends朋友
158
372000
2000
我把它视作我们之间的友谊
06:29
and can speak说话 candidly坦率地 to one another另一个.
159
374000
3000
和我们可以坦诚相待的标志。
06:32
And what we're here to do is not to talk about Puerto波多黎各 Rico波多黎各 or the past过去.
160
377000
3000
我们在这里不是来探讨波多黎各或者是过去的问题,
06:35
What we're here to do is to see if we can figure数字 out a way
161
380000
3000
而是看看是否可以找到一个解决方法
06:38
to stop the suffering痛苦 and the bloodshed流血 in Chechnya车臣."
162
383000
3000
来停止车臣的苦难以及流血事件。”
06:41
The conversation会话 got back on track跟踪.
163
386000
3000
对话又回到了正轨。
06:44
That's the role角色 of the third第三 side,
164
389000
2000
这就是第三方的角色
06:46
is to help the parties派对 to go to the balcony阳台.
165
391000
2000
帮助争执的两方回到阳台上。
06:48
Now let me take you for a moment时刻
166
393000
3000
现在让我带你见识一下
06:51
to what's widely广泛 regarded认为 as the world's世界 most difficult conflict冲突,
167
396000
2000
什么被广泛认为是世界上最艰难的冲突
06:53
or the most impossible不可能 conflict冲突,
168
398000
2000
最无法想象的冲突,
06:55
is the Middle中间 East.
169
400000
2000
这就是中东问题。
06:57
Question is: where's哪里 the third第三 side there?
170
402000
3000
问题是:第三方在哪里?
07:00
How could we possibly或者 go to the balcony阳台?
171
405000
2000
我们怎么可能回到阳台上去?
07:02
Now I don't pretend假装 to have an answer回答
172
407000
2000
我不是假装我知道
07:04
to the Middle中间 East conflict冲突,
173
409000
2000
中东问题的答案,
07:06
but I think I've got a first step,
174
411000
2000
但是我觉得我迈出了第一步,
07:08
literally按照字面, a first step,
175
413000
2000
名副其实的第一步,
07:10
something that any one of us could do as third-siders第三学派.
176
415000
3000
我们每一个人都可以做一些第三方该做的事情。
07:13
Let me just ask you one question first.
177
418000
2000
让我先问你一个问题。
07:15
How many许多 of you
178
420000
2000
你们中有多少人
07:17
in the last years年份
179
422000
2000
在过去的几年里
07:19
have ever found发现 yourself你自己 worrying令人担忧 about the Middle中间 East
180
424000
3000
觉得你关心过中东问题
07:22
and wondering想知道 what anyone任何人 could do?
181
427000
2000
想过自己能为此做点什么?
07:24
Just out of curiosity好奇心, how many许多 of you?
182
429000
2000
只是好奇,有多少人?
07:26
Okay, so the great majority多数 of us.
183
431000
3000
好的,我们中很大一部分人。
07:29
And here, it's so far away.
184
434000
2000
这里,离中东很远。
07:31
Why do we pay工资 so much attention注意 to this conflict冲突?
185
436000
3000
为什么我们要这样关注中东问题呢?
07:34
Is it the number of deaths死亡?
186
439000
2000
是因为死亡的人数吗?
07:36
There are a hundred times more people who die
187
441000
2000
在非洲冲突中死的人数
07:38
in a conflict冲突 in Africa非洲 than in the Middle中间 East.
188
443000
2000
是中东问题的上百倍。
07:40
No, it's because of the story故事,
189
445000
2000
不。而是因为这个故事,
07:42
because we feel personally亲自 involved参与
190
447000
2000
我们觉得自己也卷入了其中,
07:44
in that story故事.
191
449000
2000
卷入到这个故事当中。
07:46
Whether是否 we're Christians基督徒, Muslims穆斯林 or Jews犹太人,
192
451000
2000
无论我们是基督教徒,穆斯林教徒还是犹太教徒,
07:48
religious宗教 or non-religious没有信仰,
193
453000
2000
信仰宗教者或是非宗教信仰者,
07:50
we feel we have a personal个人 stake赌注 in it.
194
455000
2000
我们觉得自己也和它有一些联系。
07:52
Stories故事 matter. As an anthropologist人类学家, I know that.
195
457000
3000
这是故事在发挥着作用。作为一个人类学家,我知道这一点。
07:55
Stories故事 are what we use to transmit发送 knowledge知识.
196
460000
3000
故事被我们用来传递知识。
07:58
They give meaning含义 to our lives生活.
197
463000
2000
它给予我们生命的意义。
08:00
That's what we tell here at TEDTED, we tell stories故事.
198
465000
2000
这就是我们在TED所做的,我们讲故事。
08:02
Stories故事 are the key.
199
467000
2000
故事是关键。
08:04
And so my question is,
200
469000
3000
所以我的问题是,
08:07
yes, let's try and resolve解决 the politics政治
201
472000
2000
没错,让我们试试解决中东
08:09
there in the Middle中间 East,
202
474000
2000
的政治问题,
08:11
but let's also take a look at the story故事.
203
476000
3000
但是,也让我们看看这个故事。
08:14
Let's try to get at the root of what it's all about.
204
479000
2000
让我们试着了解下这到底是怎么回事。
08:16
Let's see if we can apply应用 the third第三 side to it.
205
481000
2000
让我们看看怎样使用第三方的办法。
08:18
What would that mean? What is the story故事 there?
206
483000
3000
这到底意味着什么?故事到底是怎样的?
08:21
Now as anthropologists人类学家, we know
207
486000
2000
我们作为人类学家,知道
08:23
that every一切 culture文化 has an origin起源 story故事.
208
488000
3000
每一个文化都有一个故事源头。
08:26
What's the origin起源 story故事 of the Middle中间 East?
209
491000
2000
那么中东的故事源头又是什么呢?
08:28
In a phrase短语, it's:
210
493000
2000
如果用一句话来说,就是:
08:30
4,000 years年份 ago, a man and his family家庭
211
495000
3000
4000年前,一个男人和他的家庭
08:33
walked across横过 the Middle中间 East,
212
498000
2000
步行穿越了中东,
08:35
and the world世界 has never been the same相同 since以来.
213
500000
3000
世界从此变得不再一样。
08:38
That man, of course课程,
214
503000
2000
那个男人,当然
08:40
was Abraham亚伯拉罕.
215
505000
2000
就是亚伯拉罕。
08:42
And what he stood站在 for was unity统一,
216
507000
2000
他主张团结,
08:44
the unity统一 of the family家庭.
217
509000
2000
家庭的团结。
08:46
He's the father父亲 of us all.
218
511000
2000
他是我们所有人的父亲。
08:48
But it's not just what he stood站在 for, it's what his message信息 was.
219
513000
2000
但不仅仅是他主张什么,还有他所传递的信息也是这样。
08:50
His basic基本 message信息 was unity统一 too,
220
515000
3000
他所传递的基本信息也是团结在一起,
08:53
the interconnectedness互联 of it all, the unity统一 of it all,
221
518000
3000
一切的相互联系,一切的团结。
08:56
and his basic基本 value was respect尊重,
222
521000
3000
他的基本理念得到了尊重,
08:59
was kindness善良 toward strangers陌生人.
223
524000
2000
对陌生人友好。
09:01
That's what he's known已知 for, his hospitality待客.
224
526000
3000
这就是他为人所知的东西,他的友好。
09:04
So in that sense,
225
529000
2000
所以在那个意义上,
09:06
he's the symbolic象征 third第三 side
226
531000
2000
他就是中东问题
09:08
of the Middle中间 East.
227
533000
2000
第三方的象征。
09:10
He's the one who reminds提醒 us
228
535000
3000
他就是那个提醒我们
09:13
that we're all part部分 of a greater更大 whole整个.
229
538000
2000
我们都是伟大人类大家庭的一部分。
09:15
Now how would you --
230
540000
2000
那么你会——
09:17
now think about that for a moment时刻.
231
542000
2000
那么再想一想
09:19
Today今天 we face面对 the scourge灾害 of terrorism恐怖主义.
232
544000
3000
今天我们面临着恐怖主义的危害。
09:22
What is terrorism恐怖主义?
233
547000
2000
什么是恐怖主义?
09:24
Terrorism恐怖主义 is basically基本上 taking服用 an innocent无辜 stranger陌生人
234
549000
3000
基本来说,恐怖主义就是把一个完完全全的陌生人
09:27
and treating治疗 them as an enemy敌人 whom you kill
235
552000
3000
当作一个你要杀的敌人
09:30
in order订购 to create创建 fear恐惧.
236
555000
2000
以此来制造恐惧。
09:32
What's the opposite对面 of terrorism恐怖主义?
237
557000
2000
那么恐怖主义的反面是什么?
09:34
It's taking服用 an innocent无辜 stranger陌生人
238
559000
2000
把一个完完全全的陌生人
09:36
and treating治疗 them as a friend朋友
239
561000
2000
当作朋友
09:38
whom you welcome欢迎 into your home
240
563000
3000
并且邀请他去你家里
09:41
in order订购 to sow母猪 and create创建 understanding理解,
241
566000
2000
以此来增进感情,互相理解,
09:43
or respect尊重, or love.
242
568000
3000
互相尊重和爱。
09:46
So what if then
243
571000
2000
那么,如果
09:48
you took the story故事 of Abraham亚伯拉罕,
244
573000
3000
你看看亚伯拉罕这个第三方的故事
09:51
which哪一个 is a third第三 side story故事,
245
576000
2000
会怎么样?
09:53
what if that could be --
246
578000
2000
这也许会——
09:55
because Abraham亚伯拉罕 stands站立 for hospitality待客 --
247
580000
3000
因为亚伯拉罕代表着友好
09:58
what if that could be an antidote解药 to terrorism恐怖主义?
248
583000
3000
这也许会成为恐怖主义的良药呢?
10:01
What if that could be a vaccine疫苗
249
586000
2000
也许这会成为对抗
10:03
against反对 religious宗教 intolerance不耐症?
250
588000
2000
宗教偏执的疫苗呢?
10:05
How would you bring带来 that story故事 to life?
251
590000
3000
你会怎样用生命来演绎这个故事?
10:08
Now it's not enough足够 just to tell a story故事 --
252
593000
2000
光讲故事是不够的——
10:10
that's powerful强大 --
253
595000
2000
这很有感染力——
10:12
but people need to experience经验 the story故事.
254
597000
2000
但人们需要的是去亲身感受这个故事。
10:14
They need to be able能够 to live生活 the story故事. How would you do that?
255
599000
3000
他们需要去把故事演绎出来。你会怎么做?
10:17
And that was my thinking思维 of how would you do that.
256
602000
3000
我觉得你应该这样做。
10:20
And that's what comes to the first step here.
257
605000
2000
因为这就是那第一步。
10:22
Because the simple简单 way to do that
258
607000
2000
因为简单的方法来做这件事
10:24
is you go for a walk步行.
259
609000
3000
就是你去走一走。
10:27
You go for a walk步行 in the footsteps步伐 of Abraham亚伯拉罕.
260
612000
3000
跟随着亚伯拉罕的足迹走一走。
10:30
You retrace追溯 the footsteps步伐 of Abraham亚伯拉罕.
261
615000
3000
你重新去绘制亚伯拉罕之路。
10:33
Because walking步行 has a real真实 power功率.
262
618000
3000
因为行走具有真正的力量。
10:36
You know, as an anthropologist人类学家, walking步行 is what made制作 us human人的.
263
621000
3000
作为人类学家,你们知道,行走造就了我们人类。
10:39
Walking步行, it's funny滑稽, when you walk步行,
264
624000
2000
行走很有趣,在你行走的时候,
10:41
you walk步行 side-by-side并排侧
265
626000
2000
你们肩并着肩一起走
10:43
in the same相同 common共同 direction方向.
266
628000
3000
朝着共同的方向。
10:46
Now if I were to come to you face-to-face面对面
267
631000
2000
如果我面朝你们走来
10:48
and come this close to you,
268
633000
3000
而且和你离得这么近,
10:51
you would feel threatened受威胁.
269
636000
3000
你会感受到威胁。
10:54
But if I walk步行 shoulder-to-shoulder肩到肩,
270
639000
2000
但是如果我和你肩并肩一起走,
10:56
even touching接触 shoulders肩膀,
271
641000
2000
即使肩膀碰着,
10:58
it's no problem问题.
272
643000
2000
也没有问题。
11:00
Who fights打架 while they walk步行?
273
645000
2000
谁会在走路的时候打起来呢?
11:02
That's why in negotiations谈判, often经常, when things get tough强硬,
274
647000
3000
这就是为什么,当协商变得艰难的时候,
11:05
people go for walks散步 in the woods树木.
275
650000
2000
人们会去森林里走一走。
11:07
So the idea理念 came来了 to me
276
652000
2000
所以我想到了这个点子
11:09
of what about inspiring鼓舞人心
277
654000
2000
去开发
11:11
a path路径, a route路线 --
278
656000
2000
一条小径,一条路
11:13
think the silk route路线, think the Appalachian阿巴拉契亚 trail落后 --
279
658000
3000
想想丝绸之路,想想阿巴拉契亚山径
11:16
that followed其次 in the footsteps步伐
280
661000
2000
这些都追随着
11:18
of Abraham亚伯拉罕.
281
663000
2000
亚伯拉罕的足迹。
11:20
People said, "That's crazy. You can't.
282
665000
2000
人们会说,“这太疯狂了,你不能这样做。
11:22
You can't retrace追溯 the footsteps步伐 of Abraham亚伯拉罕. It's too insecure不安全.
283
667000
3000
你无法重新绘制亚伯拉罕的足迹。这太不安全了。
11:25
You've got to cross交叉 all these borders国界.
284
670000
2000
你会经过所有这些边界。
11:27
It goes across横过 10 different不同 countries国家 in the Middle中间 East,
285
672000
2000
中东有十个不同的国家
11:29
because it unites联信 them all."
286
674000
2000
因为他们都连在一起。”
11:31
And so we studied研究 the idea理念 at Harvard哈佛.
287
676000
2000
所以我们在哈佛做了研究。
11:33
We did our due应有 diligence勤勉.
288
678000
2000
我们做了该做的努力。
11:35
And then a few少数 years年份 ago, a group of us,
289
680000
2000
然后几年前,我们一行几个人
11:37
about 25 of us from about 10 different不同 countries国家,
290
682000
2000
来自10个国家的25个人,
11:39
decided决定 to see if we could retrace追溯 the footsteps步伐 of Abraham亚伯拉罕,
291
684000
2000
决定看看是否可以重新绘制当年亚伯拉罕的足迹,
11:41
going from his initial初始 birthplace出生地 in the city of Urfa乌尔法
292
686000
3000
从他的出生地乌尔法出发
11:44
in Southern南部的 Turkey火鸡, Northern北方 Mesopotamia美索不达米亚.
293
689000
3000
在土耳其南部,美苏布达米亚北部。
11:47
And we then took a bus总线 and took some walks散步
294
692000
3000
然后我们乘坐了汽车,也步行了一段
11:50
and went to Harran哈兰,
295
695000
2000
走到哈兰
11:52
where, in the Bible圣经, he sets off on his journey旅程.
296
697000
3000
在圣经里,他出发的地方。
11:55
Then we crossed越过 the border边境 into Syria叙利亚, went to Aleppo阿勒颇,
297
700000
2000
然后我们跨域边境,来到叙利亚,前往阿勒颇,
11:57
which哪一个, turns out, is named命名 after Abraham亚伯拉罕.
298
702000
2000
它是个由亚伯拉罕命名的地方。
11:59
We went to Damascus大马士革,
299
704000
2000
我们去了大马士革
12:01
which哪一个 has a long history历史 associated相关 with Abraham亚伯拉罕.
300
706000
2000
一个和亚伯拉罕有着很深渊源的地方。
12:03
We then came来了 to Northern北方 Jordan约旦,
301
708000
3000
然后我们去了北约旦,
12:06
to Jerusalem耶路撒冷,
302
711000
2000
耶路撒冷,
12:08
which哪一个 is all about Abraham亚伯拉罕, to Bethlehem伯利恒,
303
713000
3000
那儿的一切都和亚伯拉罕有关,然后是伯利恒,
12:11
and finally最后 to the place地点 where he's buried隐藏
304
716000
2000
最终来到他被埋葬的地方
12:13
in Hebron希伯伦.
305
718000
2000
希伯伦。
12:15
So effectively有效, we went from womb子宫 to tomb.
306
720000
2000
所以,我们从他的出生地走到他的墓地。
12:17
We showed显示 it could be doneDONE. It was an amazing惊人 journey旅程.
307
722000
3000
我们证明了这是可以完成的。这真的是一个惊人的旅程。
12:20
Let me ask you a question.
308
725000
2000
让我问你一个问题。
12:22
How many许多 of you have had the experience经验
309
727000
2000
你们中有多少人经历过
12:24
of being存在 in a strange奇怪 neighborhood邻里,
310
729000
2000
在一个完全陌生的社区里,
12:26
or strange奇怪 land土地,
311
731000
2000
或是一个完全陌生的土地上,
12:28
and a total stranger陌生人, perfect完善 stranger陌生人,
312
733000
3000
然后一个完全陌生的人,完完全全的陌生人
12:31
comes up to you and shows节目 you some kindness善良,
313
736000
3000
走到你面前向你表示友好,
12:34
maybe invites邀请 you into their home, gives you a drink,
314
739000
2000
也许是邀请你到他家里去,请你喝些东西,
12:36
gives you a coffee咖啡, gives you a meal膳食?
315
741000
2000
给你一杯咖啡,一顿饭?
12:38
How many许多 of you have ever had that experience经验?
316
743000
2000
你们有多少人有过这样的经历?
12:40
That's the essence本质
317
745000
2000
这就是亚伯拉罕之路
12:42
of the Abraham亚伯拉罕 path路径.
318
747000
2000
的精华。
12:44
But that's what you discover发现, is you go into these villages村庄 in the Middle中间 East
319
749000
2000
这就是当你走到中东的那些小村子里你会发现的东西
12:46
where you expect期望 hostility敌意,
320
751000
2000
你觉得会有敌意,
12:48
and you get the most amazing惊人 hospitality待客,
321
753000
2000
但你得到的却是最友善的款待,
12:50
all associated相关 with Abraham亚伯拉罕.
322
755000
2000
所有这一切都和亚伯拉罕有关。
12:52
"In the name名称 of father父亲 Abraham亚伯拉罕,
323
757000
2000
“以亚伯拉罕的名义,
12:54
let me offer提供 you some food餐饮."
324
759000
2000
请允许我给您一些吃的东西。”
12:56
So what we discovered发现
325
761000
2000
所以我们发现,
12:58
is that Abraham亚伯拉罕 is not just a figure数字 out of a book for those people.
326
763000
3000
亚伯拉罕对他们来说,不仅仅是书中的一个人物,
13:01
He's alive; he's a living活的 presence存在.
327
766000
3000
他还活着,他依然在那里。
13:04
And to make a long story故事 short,
328
769000
2000
所以长话短说,
13:06
in the last couple一对 of years年份 now,
329
771000
2000
在过去的几年里,
13:08
thousands数千 of people
330
773000
2000
上千人开始了
13:10
have begun开始 to walk步行 parts部分 of the path路径 of Abraham亚伯拉罕
331
775000
2000
亚伯拉罕之路的旅程
13:12
in the Middle中间 East,
332
777000
2000
在中东,
13:14
enjoying享受 the hospitality待客 of the people there.
333
779000
3000
享受着那里人们的友好。
13:17
They've他们已经 begun开始 to walk步行
334
782000
2000
他们已经在
13:19
in Israel以色列 and Palestine巴勒斯坦,
335
784000
2000
以色列,巴勒斯坦开始行走,
13:21
in Jordan约旦, in Turkey火鸡, in Syria叙利亚.
336
786000
2000
在约旦,土耳其,叙利亚开始行走,
13:23
It's an amazing惊人 experience经验.
337
788000
2000
这是很令人难以置信的经历。
13:25
Men男人, women妇女, young年轻 people, old people --
338
790000
2000
男人,女人,年轻人,老人——
13:27
more women妇女 than men男人, actually其实, interestingly有趣.
339
792000
3000
有趣的是,事实上女人要比男人多。
13:30
For those who can't walk步行,
340
795000
2000
那些无法行走的人,
13:32
who are unable无法 to get there right now,
341
797000
2000
现在那些无法到达那里的人
13:34
people started开始 to organize组织 walks散步
342
799000
2000
人们开始规划他们的行走
13:36
in cities城市, in their own拥有 communities社区.
343
801000
2000
在城市里,在他们自己的社区里。
13:38
In Cincinnati辛辛那提, for instance, that organized有组织的 a walk步行
344
803000
2000
比如在辛辛那提,组织了一个
13:40
from a church教会 to a mosque清真寺 to a synagogue会堂
345
805000
2000
从教堂到清真寺再到犹太教堂的行走
13:42
and all had an Abrahamic亚伯拉罕 meal膳食 together一起.
346
807000
2000
然后大家一起享用了亚伯拉罕式的餐点。
13:44
It was Abraham亚伯拉罕 Path路径 Day.
347
809000
2000
这就是亚伯拉罕之路日。
13:46
In Sao圣保罗 Paulo圣保罗, Brazil巴西, it's become成为 an annual全年 event事件
348
811000
2000
在巴西圣保罗,这已成为了一年一度的活动
13:48
for thousands数千 of people to run
349
813000
2000
上千人一起奔跑
13:50
in a virtual虚拟 Abraham亚伯拉罕 Path路径 Run,
350
815000
2000
在虚拟的亚伯拉罕之路上,
13:52
uniting团结 the different不同 communities社区.
351
817000
2000
并集结了不同的社区来奔跑。
13:54
The media媒体 love it; they really adore崇拜 it.
352
819000
3000
媒体爱死了这件事,他们真的很爱这个活动。
13:57
They lavish阔气 attention注意 on it
353
822000
2000
他们花了很大的精力在这上面
13:59
because it's visual视觉,
354
824000
2000
因为这是看得到的,
14:01
and it spreads利差 the idea理念,
355
826000
2000
而且还宣传了这个观念
14:03
this idea理念 of Abrahamic亚伯拉罕 hospitality待客
356
828000
2000
对于陌生人
14:05
of kindness善良 towards strangers陌生人.
357
830000
2000
要表现出亚伯拉罕式的友好。
14:07
And just a couple一对 weeks ago,
358
832000
2000
就在几周前,
14:09
there was an NPR美国国家公共电台 story故事 on it.
359
834000
2000
全国公共广播电台NPR报道了一个关于这件事的故事。
14:11
Last month,
360
836000
2000
上个月,
14:13
there was a piece in the Guardian监护人,
361
838000
2000
在卫报上有这么一个消息,
14:15
in the Manchester曼彻斯特 Guardian监护人, about it --
362
840000
3000
在曼彻斯特卫报上
14:18
two whole整个 pages网页.
363
843000
3000
差不多有两个整版报道此事。
14:21
And they quoted a villager村民
364
846000
3000
他们引用了一个村子里的人的话
14:24
who said, "This walk步行 connects所连接 us to the world世界."
365
849000
3000
说:“这个行走将我们与世界连在了一起。”
14:27
He said it was like a light that went on in our lives生活.
366
852000
3000
他说,这就像是一盏明灯把我们生命点亮。
14:30
It brought us hope希望.
367
855000
2000
它给我们带来了希望。
14:32
And so that's what it's about.
368
857000
2000
这就是它的意义所在。
14:34
But it's not just about psychology心理学;
369
859000
3000
这不仅仅是指在心理学的层面上,
14:37
it's about economics经济学,
370
862000
2000
而且还是在经济学的层面上,
14:39
because as people walk步行 they spend money.
371
864000
2000
因为当人们行走的时候,他们要有花销。
14:41
And this woman女人 right here, Um Ahmad艾哈迈德,
372
866000
3000
眼前的这位妇人,乌姆·阿哈默德Um Ahmad
14:44
is a woman女人 who lives生活 on a path路径 in Northern北方 Jordan约旦.
373
869000
3000
是一个生活在亚伯拉罕之路北约旦路上的一位女性。
14:47
She's desperately拼命 poor较差的.
374
872000
2000
她相当地贫困。
14:49
She's partially部分 blind, her husband丈夫 can't work,
375
874000
3000
她有点失明,而且她的丈夫无法工作,
14:52
she's got seven kids孩子.
376
877000
3000
她有7个孩子。
14:55
But what she can do is cook厨师,
377
880000
2000
但是她可以烹饪。
14:57
and so she's begun开始 to cook厨师 for some groups of walkers步行者
378
882000
3000
于是她开始给行走的人做吃的东西
15:00
who come through通过 the village and have a meal膳食 in her home.
379
885000
3000
经过这个村庄的步行者会在她家里吃上一顿。
15:03
They sit on the floor地板.
380
888000
2000
他们坐在地板上。
15:05
She doesn't even have a tablecloth桌布.
381
890000
2000
她甚至没有桌布。
15:07
She makes品牌 the most delicious美味的 food餐饮
382
892000
2000
她用周围乡下新鲜的植物
15:09
that's fresh新鲜 from the herbs草药 in the surrounding周围 countryside农村.
383
894000
3000
做了最好吃的食物。
15:12
And so more and more walkers步行者 have come,
384
897000
2000
于是越来越多的行人来到了这里。
15:14
and lately最近 she's begun开始 to earn an income收入
385
899000
2000
然后她就开始有了一些收入
15:16
to support支持 her family家庭.
386
901000
2000
来补贴家用。
15:18
And so she told our team球队 there, she said,
387
903000
3000
她告诉我们在那里的团队,她说
15:21
"You have made制作 me visible可见
388
906000
3000
“在这个村庄,你们让别人看得起我了,
15:24
in a village where people were once一旦 ashamed羞愧
389
909000
2000
而过去人们觉得看到我
15:26
to look at me."
390
911000
2000
是一件耻辱的事。”
15:28
That's the potential潜在 of the Abraham亚伯拉罕 path路径.
391
913000
3000
这就是亚伯拉罕之路的力量。
15:31
There are literally按照字面 hundreds数以百计 of those kinds of communities社区
392
916000
2000
事实上已有上百个这样的团体
15:33
across横过 the Middle中间 East, across横过 the path路径.
393
918000
3000
穿越了中东,踏上了亚伯拉罕之路。
15:37
The potential潜在 is basically基本上 to change更改 the game游戏.
394
922000
3000
其潜力本质上改变了这个游戏。
15:40
And to change更改 the game游戏, you have to change更改 the frame,
395
925000
2000
要改变这个游戏,需要改变其框架
15:42
the way we see things --
396
927000
2000
我们看事情的角度——
15:44
to change更改 the frame
397
929000
2000
要改变框架
15:46
from hostility敌意 to hospitality待客,
398
931000
3000
从敌意到友好
15:49
from terrorism恐怖主义 to tourism旅游.
399
934000
3000
从恐怖主义到旅行。
15:52
And in that sense, the Abraham亚伯拉罕 path路径
400
937000
2000
从这个角度上来讲,亚伯拉罕之路
15:54
is a game-changer改变游戏规则.
401
939000
2000
是一个游戏变革者。
15:56
Let me just show显示 you one thing.
402
941000
2000
让我给你们展示一样东西,
15:58
I have a little acorn橡子 here
403
943000
2000
我这里有一个小橡果
16:00
that I picked采摘的 up while I was walking步行 on the path路径
404
945000
2000
是我今年早些时候在亚伯拉罕之路上
16:02
earlier this year.
405
947000
2000
捡到的。
16:04
Now the acorn橡子 is associated相关 with the oak橡木 tree, of course课程 --
406
949000
2000
当然这个橡果是和橡树相联系的——
16:06
grows成长 into an oak橡木 tree,
407
951000
2000
长成一棵橡树,
16:08
which哪一个 is associated相关 with Abraham亚伯拉罕.
408
953000
2000
和亚伯拉罕有关。
16:10
The path路径 right now is like an acorn橡子;
409
955000
2000
这条路现在就像这个橡果;
16:12
it's still in its early phase.
410
957000
2000
它还在刚开始的阶段。
16:14
What would the oak橡木 tree look like?
411
959000
2000
橡树长得什么样?
16:16
Well I think back to my childhood童年,
412
961000
2000
我想起了我的童年,
16:18
a good part部分 of which哪一个 I spent花费, after being存在 born天生 here in Chicago芝加哥,
413
963000
2000
在我在芝加哥出生后的大部分时光,
16:20
I spent花费 in Europe欧洲.
414
965000
2000
我都生活在欧洲。
16:22
If you had been
415
967000
2000
如果你曾呆在
16:24
in the ruins废墟 of, say, London伦敦
416
969000
2000
废墟当中,比如说1945年的伦敦
16:26
in 1945, or Berlin柏林,
417
971000
3000
或者是柏林,
16:29
and you had said,
418
974000
2000
然后你说
16:31
"Sixty六十 years年份 from now,
419
976000
2000
“从现在起60年后,
16:33
this is going to be the most peaceful平静的, prosperous繁荣 part部分 of the planet行星,"
420
978000
2000
这儿将会成为世界上最和平,最富足的地方。”
16:35
people would have thought
421
980000
2000
人们会想
16:37
you were certifiablycertifiably insane.
422
982000
2000
你肯定是疯了。
16:39
But they did it thanks谢谢 to a common共同 identity身分 -- Europe欧洲 --
423
984000
4000
但这得感谢他们的共同身份——欧盟,还有共同的经济
16:43
and a common共同 economy经济.
424
988000
2000
他们做到了这一点。
16:45
So my question is, if it can be doneDONE in Europe欧洲,
425
990000
3000
所以我的问题是,如果这能在欧洲做到,
16:48
why not in the Middle中间 East?
426
993000
2000
那为什么在中东做不到呢?
16:50
Why not, thanks谢谢 to a common共同 identity身分,
427
995000
2000
为什么不能通过一种共同身份——
16:52
which哪一个 is the story故事 of Abraham亚伯拉罕,
428
997000
2000
亚伯拉罕的故事
16:54
and thanks谢谢 to a common共同 economy经济
429
999000
2000
和很大一部分基于旅游业的共同经济
16:56
that would be based基于 in good part部分 on tourism旅游?
430
1001000
3000
来达成一致呢?
17:00
So let me conclude得出结论 then
431
1005000
2000
那么让我总结一下,
17:02
by saying that in the last 35 years年份,
432
1007000
3000
就我过去35年
17:05
as I've worked工作
433
1010000
2000
在世界上处理过的
17:07
in some of the most dangerous危险, difficult and intractable棘手
434
1012000
2000
最危险,最艰难,最棘手
17:09
conflicts冲突 around the planet行星,
435
1014000
2000
的这些冲突工作来说,
17:11
I have yet然而 to see one conflict冲突
436
1016000
3000
我还没有看到一个
17:14
that I felt could not be transformed改造.
437
1019000
3000
让我感觉无法改变的冲突。
17:17
It's not easy简单, of course课程,
438
1022000
2000
当然,这并不容易,
17:19
but it's possible可能.
439
1024000
2000
但这是可能的。
17:21
It was doneDONE in South Africa非洲.
440
1026000
2000
在南非做到了,
17:23
It was doneDONE in Northern北方 Ireland爱尔兰.
441
1028000
2000
在北爱尔兰做到了,
17:25
It could be doneDONE anywhere随地.
442
1030000
2000
在任何地方我们都可以做到。
17:27
It simply只是 depends依靠 on us.
443
1032000
2000
这仅仅取决于我们,
17:29
It depends依靠 on us taking服用 the third第三 side.
444
1034000
3000
取决于我们扮演的第三方角色。
17:32
So let me invite邀请 you
445
1037000
2000
所以让我来邀请你
17:34
to consider考虑 taking服用 the third第三 side,
446
1039000
2000
考虑成为这第三方,
17:36
even as a very small step.
447
1041000
2000
即使是迈出非常小的一步。
17:38
We're about to take a break打破 in a moment时刻.
448
1043000
2000
我们很快也会有所作为。
17:40
Just go up to someone有人
449
1045000
2000
走向那些
17:42
who's谁是 from a different不同 culture文化, a different不同 country国家,
450
1047000
3000
来自不同文化,不同国家,
17:45
a different不同 ethnicity种族, some difference区别,
451
1050000
2000
不同种族,各种不同的人们,
17:47
and engage从事 them in a conversation会话; listen to them.
452
1052000
3000
和他们进行交谈,听听他们的想法。
17:50
That's a third第三 side act法案.
453
1055000
2000
这就是第三方的行动。
17:52
That's walking步行 Abraham's亚伯拉罕 path路径.
454
1057000
2000
这样就走上了亚伯拉罕之路。
17:54
After a TEDTalkTED演讲,
455
1059000
2000
在TED演说后,
17:56
why not a TEDWalkTEDWalk?
456
1061000
2000
为什么不来个TED行走呢?
17:58
So let me just leave离开 you
457
1063000
2000
那么,让我留给你们
18:00
with three things.
458
1065000
2000
三样东西。
18:02
One is, the secret秘密 to peace和平
459
1067000
3000
第一,和平的秘密
18:05
is the third第三 side.
460
1070000
3000
在于第三方。
18:08
The third第三 side is us.
461
1073000
2000
第三方就是我们。
18:10
Each of us,
462
1075000
2000
我们中的每一位
18:12
with a single step,
463
1077000
2000
即使是迈出一小步,
18:14
can take the world世界, can bring带来 the world世界
464
1079000
3000
它也可以使这个世界
18:17
a step closer接近 to peace和平.
465
1082000
3000
向和平迈进一步。
18:20
There's an old African非洲人 proverb谚语 that goes:
466
1085000
2000
有个古老非洲的成语这样说:
18:22
"When spider蜘蛛 webs unite团结,
467
1087000
2000
“当蜘蛛网连接在一起,
18:24
they can halt even the lion狮子."
468
1089000
3000
它们甚至可以使一只狮子停下来。”
18:27
If we're able能够 to unite团结
469
1092000
2000
如果我们可以连接
18:29
our third-side第三端 webs of peace和平,
470
1094000
2000
我们第三方之间的和平网络,
18:31
we can even halt the lion狮子 of war战争.
471
1096000
3000
我们甚至可以使战争这头狮子停下来。
18:34
Thank you very much.
472
1099000
2000
非常感谢
18:36
(Applause掌声)
473
1101000
2000
(掌声)
Translated by Kelvin Wang
Reviewed by Angelia King

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
William Ury - Mediator
William Ury is a mediator, writer and speaker, working with conflicts ranging from family feuds to boardroom battles to ethnic wars. He's the author of "Getting to Yes."

Why you should listen

William L. Ury co-founded Harvard's Program on Negotiation and is currently a Senior Fellow of the Harvard Negotiation Project. He is the author of The Power of a Positive No: How to Say No & Still Get to Yes, and co-author (with Roger Fisher) of Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In, translated into 30+ languages. He is also author of the award-winning Getting Past No: Negotiating with Difficult People and Getting To Peace (released in paperback under the title The Third Side).

Over the last 30 years, Ury has served as a negotiation adviser and mediator in conflicts ranging from corporate mergers to wildcat strikes in a Kentucky coal mine to ethnic wars in the Middle East, the Balkans, and the former Soviet Union. With former president Jimmy Carter, he co- founded the International Negotiation Network, a non-governmental body seeking to end civil wars around the world. During the 1980s, he helped the US and Soviet governments create nuclear crisis centers designed to avert an accidental nuclear war. In that capacity, he served as a consultant to the Crisis Management Center at the White House. More recently, Ury has served as a third party in helping to end a civil war in Aceh, Indonesia, and helping to prevent one in Venezuela.

Ury has taught negotiation to tens of thousands of corporate executives, labor leaders, diplomats and military officers around the world. He helps organizations try to reach mutually profitable agreements with customers, suppliers, unions, and joint-venture partners.

More profile about the speaker
William Ury | Speaker | TED.com