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Michael Green: How we can make the world a better place by 2030
麥克．格林: 在 2030 年前，我們如何讓全世界變得更美好？
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我們在未來的15年內，能否消除飢餓和貧困、防止氣候變化並實現社會性別平等？世界各國政府認為我們能做到。在聯合國 2015 年 9 月的會議上，他們達成一系列對全球 2030 年發展目標的共識。社會進程專家麥克．格林，邀請我們想像一下，我們要如何達成這些目標和美好的世界願景。
Michael Green - Social progress expert
Michael Green is part of the team that has created the Social Progress Index, a standard to rank societies based on how they meet the needs of citizens. Full bio
Michael Green is part of the team that has created the Social Progress Index, a standard to rank societies based on how they meet the needs of citizens. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Do you think the world is going
to be a better place next year?
to be a better place next year?
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各位你們認為明年
全世界會不會更好?
全世界會不會更好?
下一世紀呢?
00:18
In the next decade?
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我們可否
00:20
Can we end hunger,
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在接下來的15年內
結束飢荒,達成性別平等
00:23
achieve gender equality,
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00:25
halt climate change,
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停止氣候災變嗎?
00:28
all in the next 15 years?
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00:31
Well, according to the governments
of the world, yes we can.
of the world, yes we can.
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是的,根據各國政府的說法
我們可以做得到。
我們可以做得到。
00:36
In the last few days,
the leaders of the world,
the leaders of the world,
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最近這幾天,全世界的領導人
00:38
meeting at the UN in New York,
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在紐約聯合國總部舉行會議
會議中達成了幾項新的協議
00:41
agreed a new set of Global Goals
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就是2030年世界發展目標
00:44
for the development of the world to 2030.
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而他們就在這上面
00:47
And here they are:
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這些目標就是大量
諮詢活動後產生的結果。
諮詢活動後產生的結果。
00:48
these goals are the product
of a massive consultation exercise.
of a massive consultation exercise.
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這些全球目標就是
我們人類將來要達成的狀況。
我們人類將來要達成的狀況。
00:53
The Global Goals are who we,
humanity, want to be.
humanity, want to be.
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00:59
Now that's the plan, but can we get there?
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計劃雖然是這樣,
但我們做得到嗎?
但我們做得到嗎?
這個美好的願景我們真的能達到嗎?
01:03
Can this vision for a better world
really be achieved?
really be achieved?
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好的,我今天來到這裡
是因為我們已經跑完數據了。
是因為我們已經跑完數據了。
01:08
Well, I'm here today because
we've run the numbers,
we've run the numbers,
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01:12
and the answer, shockingly,
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而答案,有點震驚...
那就是,也許我們真的做得到
01:16
is that maybe we actually can.
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但跟往常沒有關係。
01:19
But not with business as usual.
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現在,世界將更美好的想法
01:23
Now, the idea that the world
is going to get a better place
is going to get a better place
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也許似乎有點天真。
01:26
may seem a little fanciful.
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01:29
Watch the news every day and the world
seems to be going backwards, not forwards.
seems to be going backwards, not forwards.
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從每天新聞看到全世界
似乎在退步而不是進步。
似乎在退步而不是進步。
我們坦白地說:
01:33
And let's be frank:
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這些從聯合國出來的重大宣示
01:35
it's pretty easy to be skeptical
about grand announcements
about grand announcements
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很容會被遭到質疑。
01:38
coming out of the UN.
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但請別誤會,我請各位先暫緩一下你們的懷疑。
01:41
But please, I invite you to suspend
your disbelief for just a moment.
your disbelief for just a moment.
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01:45
Because back in 2001,
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因為,回顧一下西元2001年，
聯合國各國當時有協議出
一些千禧年的發展目標，
一些千禧年的發展目標，
01:47
the UN agreed another set of goals,
the Millennium Development Goals.
the Millennium Development Goals.
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而主要目標就是在2015年前
01:53
And the flagship target there
was to halve the proportion of people
was to halve the proportion of people
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減少50%生活在貧困中的人口比例。
01:57
living in poverty by 2015.
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02:01
The target was to take
from a baseline of 1990,
from a baseline of 1990,
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目標是以西元1990年為基準線，
02:04
when 36 percent of the world's
population lived in poverty,
population lived in poverty,
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當時有36％的世界人口生活在貧困之中，
而今年目標需降到18％。
02:08
to get to 18 percent poverty this year.
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我們有達到18%的目標嗎?
02:12
Did we hit this target?
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嗯...不,我們沒有。
02:14
Well, no, we didn't.
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02:16
We exceeded it.
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我們超越了18%。
今年全球貧困人口將會下降至12％
02:18
This year, global poverty
is going to fall to 12 percent.
is going to fall to 12 percent.
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02:23
Now, that's still not good enough,
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但,這仍然不夠好,
世界上 的確仍存有很多問題。
02:25
and the world does still have
plenty of problems.
plenty of problems.
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02:29
But the pessimists and doomsayers
who say that the world can't get better
who say that the world can't get better
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但那些說世界不會更好的
悲觀主義者和災難預言家，
悲觀主義者和災難預言家，
02:34
are simply wrong.
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他們基本上是錯的。
那麼,我們是怎麼達成這些目標的呢?
02:37
So how did we achieve this success?
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02:40
Well, a lot of it was because
of economic growth.
of economic growth.
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是的,有很多的原因是經濟成長。
一些最大幅度減少貧困的國家,
02:43
Some of the biggest reductions in poverty
were in countries such as China and India,
were in countries such as China and India,
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02:48
which have seen rapid
economic growth in recent years.
economic growth in recent years.
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例如近幾年經濟快速
增長的中國和印度
增長的中國和印度
那麼,我們可以用相同的伎倆
而再次的達成嗎?
而再次的達成嗎?
02:52
So can we pull off the same trick again?
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02:55
Can economic growth
get us to the Global Goals?
get us to the Global Goals?
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經濟成長會讓我們
達成全球目標嗎?
達成全球目標嗎?
03:00
Well, to answer that question,
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好的,要回答這個問題前,
03:02
we need to benchmark where the world
is today against the Global Goals
is today against the Global Goals
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我們需要標示出
當今全世界離目標有多遠
當今全世界離目標有多遠
03:06
and figure out how far we have to travel.
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並算出我們還要付出
多少努力才能達到目標。
多少努力才能達到目標。
但這並不容易
03:10
But that ain't easy,
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因為這個全球目標不僅有抱負,
03:11
because the Global Goals
aren't just ambitious,
aren't just ambitious,
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且他們還相當複雜
03:14
they're also pretty complicated.
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超過17個目標,有169個目標
03:17
Over 17 goals, there are then 169 targets
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和數百個確切的數字指標。
03:21
and literally hundreds of indicators.
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03:25
Also, while some of the goals
are pretty specific --
are pretty specific --
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此外,雖然有些目標是非常具體
例如終結飢荒——
03:29
end hunger --
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但有些目標還是很模糊的，
03:30
others are a lot vaguer --
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例如推廣合諧與包容的社會。
03:32
promote peaceful and tolerant societies.
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所以為了幫助我們訂立標準，
03:35
So to help us with this benchmarking,
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我將使用一個工具
稱之為社會進步指數。
稱之為社會進步指數。
03:37
I'm going to use a tool
called the Social Progress Index.
called the Social Progress Index.
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這樣做是為了評量
全球目標到達的狀況
全球目標到達的狀況
03:42
What this does is measures all the stuff
the Global Goals are trying to achieve,
the Global Goals are trying to achieve,
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把它彙整成一個數字
使我們能夠用這個數字標準
使我們能夠用這個數字標準
03:46
but sums it up into a single number
that we can use as our benchmark
that we can use as our benchmark
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來隨時追蹤目標的進度。
03:50
and track progress over time.
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社會進步指標基本上
03:52
The Social Progress Index basically asks
three fundamental questions
three fundamental questions
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03:56
about a society.
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有3個要求的評量基準。
03:58
First of all, does everyone have
the basic needs of survival:
the basic needs of survival:
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首先,每個人是否有基本的生存所需：
04:01
food, water, shelter, safety?
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食物、水、遮風擋雨的地方、安全問題?
第二,每個人是否可以
追求更美好的生活基石：
追求更美好的生活基石：
04:04
Secondly, does everyone have
the building blocks of a better life:
the building blocks of a better life:
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教育、資訊、健康、穩定的環境？
04:08
education, information, health
and a sustainable environment?
and a sustainable environment?
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及每個人是否有
改善他們生活的機會?
改善他們生活的機會?
04:13
And does everyone have
the opportunity to improve their lives,
the opportunity to improve their lives,
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04:16
through rights, freedom of choice,
freedom from discrimination,
freedom from discrimination,
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完整的權利、選擇的自由
避免被歧視的自由?
避免被歧視的自由?
04:20
and access to the world's
most advanced knowledge?
most advanced knowledge?
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及獲得全世界最先進知識的權利?
04:24
The Social Progress Index sums all this
together using 52 indicators
together using 52 indicators
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社會進步指標採用了52項指標
產生了一個0到100的分數。
04:28
to create an aggregate score
on a scale of 0 to 100.
on a scale of 0 to 100.
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04:33
And what we find is that there's
a wide diversity of performance
a wide diversity of performance
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而我們發現全世界各個國家
04:36
in the world today.
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都有不一樣的表現。
04:38
The highest performing country,
Norway, scores 88.
Norway, scores 88.
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最高分是挪威 88分。
最低分是中非共和國 31分
04:42
The lowest performing country,
Central African Republic, scores 31.
Central African Republic, scores 31.
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我們可以加總所有國家的分數
04:47
And we can add up
all the countries together,
all the countries together,
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並依不一樣的人口
數量做加權平均
數量做加權平均
04:49
weighting for the different
population sizes,
population sizes,
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得到一個全球平均分數61分
04:52
and that global score is 61.
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04:56
In concrete terms,
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嚴格來說,
意思就是全人類的
平均社會進步水平
平均社會進步水平
04:57
that means that the average human being
is living on a level of social progress
is living on a level of social progress
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相當於當今的古巴
或哈薩克斯坦的水平。
或哈薩克斯坦的水平。
05:01
about the same of Cuba
or Kazakhstan today.
or Kazakhstan today.
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這就是我們今日的水平:
滿分100分拿到了61分。
滿分100分拿到了61分。
05:05
That's where we are today: 61 out of 100.
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05:08
What do we have to get to
to achieve the Global Goals?
to achieve the Global Goals?
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我們要做那些事
才能達成這些目標呢?
才能達成這些目標呢?
05:12
Now, the Global Goals
are certainly ambitious,
are certainly ambitious,
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現在,這些世界目標
的確是具有野心,
的確是具有野心,
但也不是說要把
他們在短短15年內,
變成挪威那樣的高分。
他們在短短15年內,
變成挪威那樣的高分。
05:14
but they're not about turning the world
into Norway in just 15 years.
into Norway in just 15 years.
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所以仔細地考慮一下分數
我的估計是75分
我的估計是75分
05:19
So having looked at the numbers,
my estimate is that a score of 75
my estimate is that a score of 75
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這在人類幸福上
不僅是一個巨大的飛躍。
不僅是一個巨大的飛躍。
05:23
would not only be a giant leap forward
in human well-being,
in human well-being,
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也意味著可達成的全球目標。
05:27
it would also count as hitting
the Global Goals target.
the Global Goals target.
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05:31
So there's our target, 75 out of 100.
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所以我們的目標是:
從100分裡拿到75分。
從100分裡拿到75分。
05:34
Can we get there?
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我們達的到嗎?
好的,社會進步指數
可以幫助我們計算,
可以幫助我們計算,
05:36
Well, the Social Progress Index
can help us calculate this,
can help us calculate this,
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05:39
because as you might have noticed,
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也許你已經注意到,
這裡面沒有經濟指標,
05:40
there are no economic indicators in there;
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在社會進步指數中
沒有包含GDP或經濟成長。
沒有包含GDP或經濟成長。
05:43
there's no GDP or economic growth
in the Social Progress Index model.
in the Social Progress Index model.
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而這是為了要讓我們理解
05:48
And what that lets us do
is understand the relationship
is understand the relationship
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05:51
between economic growth
and social progress.
and social progress.
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經濟成長與社會進步的相互關係。
我來秀一張圖表給你們看一看,
05:55
Let me show you on this chart.
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05:57
So here on the vertical axis,
I've put social progress,
I've put social progress,
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垂直軸線代表社會進步指標,
也就是全球目標要達成的分數。
06:00
the stuff the Global Goals
are trying to achieve.
are trying to achieve.
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越高越好。
06:03
Higher is better.
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06:04
And then on the horizontal axis,
is GDP per capita.
is GDP per capita.
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水平軸線代表 -人均GDP
越往右邊 代表越有錢
06:08
Further to the right means richer.
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06:10
And in there, I'm now going to put
all the countries of the world,
all the countries of the world,
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然後我在這邊放進全部國家,
06:14
each one represented by a dot,
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每一點代表一個國家。
在圖上面 我放進了回歸線
06:16
and on top of that I'm going to put
the regression line
the regression line
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06:18
that shows the average relationship.
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代表平均關係值。
06:21
And what this tells us
is that as we get richer,
is that as we get richer,
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圖上告訴我們,即使我們變更富有了,
社會進步指標卻沒有傾向增加。
06:24
social progress does tend to improve.
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06:28
However, as we get richer,
each extra dollar of GDP
each extra dollar of GDP
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雖然我們變更富有了
但我們在GDP每多賺的一塊錢
但我們在GDP每多賺的一塊錢
想要在社會進步上有相對的
購買力已經越來越難了。
購買力已經越來越難了。
06:32
is buying us less and less
social progress.
social progress.
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06:37
And now we can use this information
to start building our forecast.
to start building our forecast.
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我們現在可以用這個資訊
來建立我們的預測。
來建立我們的預測。
06:41
So here is the world in 2015.
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這裡是2015年。
06:44
We have a social progress score of 61
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我們的社會進步指標分數是61分
06:48
and a GDP per capita of $14,000.
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人均GDP是14,000美金,
而我們要達到的
全球目標記住是75分。
全球目標記住是75分。
06:51
And the place we're trying to get to,
remember, is 75, that Global Goals target.
remember, is 75, that Global Goals target.
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好的,我們現在是
14,000美金的人均GDP
14,000美金的人均GDP
06:56
So here we are today,
$14,000 per capita GDP.
$14,000 per capita GDP.
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那我們在西元2030年
會達到多少金額呢?
會達到多少金額呢?
07:00
How rich are we going to be in 2030?
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07:02
That's what we need to know next.
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這是下一步我們要知道的。
07:04
Well, the best forecast we can find comes
from the US Department of Agriculture,
from the US Department of Agriculture,
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好,我們能得到的最佳預測是從
美國的農業發展局找到的,
美國的農業發展局找到的,
他們對全球經濟成長
在接下來的15年內的預測是:
在接下來的15年內的預測是:
07:08
which forecasts 3.1 percent
average global economic growth
average global economic growth
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07:13
over the next 15 years,
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平均增長值約 3.1%
如果他們預估正確
那麼在2030年,
那麼在2030年,
07:15
which means that in 2030,
if they're right,
if they're right,
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人均GDP 將會達到23,000美金。
07:18
per capita GDP will be about $23,000.
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那麼問題是:
如果我們真的那麼富有了,
如果我們真的那麼富有了,
07:23
So now the question is:
if we get that much richer,
if we get that much richer,
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我們的社會進步指標
會到達多少分數?
會到達多少分數?
07:25
how much social progress
are we going to get?
are we going to get?
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好,我們問了Deloitte的經濟學家
07:28
Well, we asked a team
of economists at Deloitte
of economists at Deloitte
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他們核對並研究了這些數據,
07:31
who checked and crunched the numbers,
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然後他們回應說:來,你們看
如果全球的人均GDP
如果全球的人均GDP
07:33
and they came back and said, well, look:
if the world's average wealth goes
if the world's average wealth goes
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07:38
from $14,000 a year to $23,000 a year,
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從14,000美金
成長到23,000美金,
成長到23,000美金,
07:41
social progress is going to increase
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社會進步指標會從
07:44
from 61 to 62.4.
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61分增加到62.4分。
07:48
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
07:50
Just 62.4. Just a tiny increase.
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只有62.4分,
才進步那麼一點點...
才進步那麼一點點...
07:56
Now this seems a bit strange.
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現在,這看起來有點奇怪。
07:57
Economic growth seems
to have really helped
to have really helped
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經濟成長看起來似乎對
08:00
in the fight against poverty,
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對抗貧窮有實質的幫助,
但,它看起來對要
達成的全球目標。
達成的全球目標。
08:01
but it doesn't seem
to be having much impact
to be having much impact
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似乎沒有那麼大的影響力。
08:04
on trying to get to the Global Goals.
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所以,倒底是怎麼回事?
08:06
So what's going on?
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好的,我認為有2件事:
08:08
Well, I think there are two things.
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08:09
The first is that in a way,
we're the victims of our own success.
we're the victims of our own success.
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首先,我們自己是
自我成功的受害者。
自我成功的受害者。
我們用盡了從經濟成長中
所帶來的好處。
所帶來的好處。
08:13
We've used up the easy wins
from economic growth,
from economic growth,
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08:16
and now we're moving on
to harder problems.
to harder problems.
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現在我們卻要
面臨更困難的問題
面臨更困難的問題
而且我們也知道
經濟成長伴隨著利益與代價。
經濟成長伴隨著利益與代價。
08:19
And also, we know that economic growth
comes with costs as well as benefits.
comes with costs as well as benefits.
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如環境破壞的代價
肥胖症帶來健康問題的代價。
肥胖症帶來健康問題的代價。
08:24
There are costs to the environment, costs
from new health problems like obesity.
from new health problems like obesity.
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所以這是壞消息。
08:29
So that's the bad news.
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我們不能依賴變的更富有
來達到我們的全球目標。
來達到我們的全球目標。
08:31
We're not going to get to the Global Goals
just by getting richer.
just by getting richer.
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08:36
So are the pessimists right?
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所以悲觀主義者他們是對的囉?
嗯...也許沒有
08:38
Well, maybe not.
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08:39
Because the Social Progress Index
also has some very good news.
also has some very good news.
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因為社會進步指標
也有很好的消息。
也有很好的消息。
讓我帶你回到那條回歸線看一看,
08:44
Let me take you back
to that regression line.
to that regression line.
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它是GDP與
社會進步的平均關係。
社會進步的平均關係。
08:47
So this is the average relationship
between GDP and social progress,
between GDP and social progress,
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08:50
and this is what our
last forecast was based on.
last forecast was based on.
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這是我們最近預測的基準。
但就如你所看到的,
08:54
But as you saw already,
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這條趨勢線
實際上有很多的雜音。
實際上有很多的雜音。
08:55
there is actually lots of noise
around this trend line.
around this trend line.
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09:00
What that tells us, quite simply,
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它告訴我們一件
相當簡單的事
相當簡單的事
就是GDP不是
我們唯一的使命。
我們唯一的使命。
09:02
is that GDP is not destiny.
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我們有很多國家
相較他們的財富而言
相較他們的財富而言
09:06
We have countries that are underperforming
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09:09
on social progress,
relative to their wealth.
relative to their wealth.
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在社會進步方面都表現不佳。
09:12
Russia has lots
of natural resource wealth,
of natural resource wealth,
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俄羅斯有很多天然資源資產,
但卻有很多社會問題。
09:14
but lots of social problems.
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中國大陸經濟成長驚人
09:16
China has boomed economically,
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但對人權問題及環境議題上
卻沒有多大的進展。
卻沒有多大的進展。
09:19
but hasn't made much headway
on human rights or environmental issues.
on human rights or environmental issues.
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09:23
India has a space program
and millions of people without toilets.
and millions of people without toilets.
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印度有航太計畫但
仍有幾百萬人沒廁所。
仍有幾百萬人沒廁所。
另一方面,現在有很多國家
在GDP相對應的社會進步上
在GDP相對應的社會進步上
09:29
Now, on the other hand, we have countries
that are overperforming
that are overperforming
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09:32
on social progress relative to their GDP.
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已經超乎表現。
09:35
Costa Rica has prioritized education,
health and environmental sustainability,
health and environmental sustainability,
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哥斯大黎加已經將教育、健康、環境永續問題
列入他們的優先考慮議題
列入他們的優先考慮議題
而結果是它在社會進步上
達到很高的水平，
達到很高的水平，
09:41
and as a result, it's achieving
a very high level of social progress,
a very high level of social progress,
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儘管他們在GDP表現上相對溫和。
09:45
despite only having a rather modest GDP.
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但哥斯大黎加並不孤單。
09:49
And Costa Rica's not alone.
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從貧窮國家像是盧安達
到較富有的國家紐西蘭,
到較富有的國家紐西蘭,
09:51
From poor countries like Rwanda
to richer countries like New Zealand,
to richer countries like New Zealand,
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我們得知要得到很大的
社會進步是有可能的
社會進步是有可能的
09:55
we see that it's possible to get
lots of social progress,
lots of social progress,
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09:59
even if your GDP is not so great.
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即使你的GDP表現不是那麼亮麗。
而這很重要,它告訴我們2件事:
10:02
And that's really important,
because it tells us two things.
because it tells us two things.
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10:06
First of all, it tells us that we already
in the world have the solutions
in the world have the solutions
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首先,它告訴我們,我們已經在
試圖解決全球目標的問題上
試圖解決全球目標的問題上
10:11
to many of the problems
that the Global Goals are trying to solve.
that the Global Goals are trying to solve.
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已擁有很多解決方法了。
10:15
It also tells us
that we're not slaves to GDP.
that we're not slaves to GDP.
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它也告訴我們
我們不是GDP的奴役。
我們不是GDP的奴役。
這跟選擇有關:
如果我們把人類幸福擺第一
如果我們把人類幸福擺第一
10:20
Our choices matter: if we prioritize
the well-being of people,
the well-being of people,
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10:24
then we can make a lot more progress
than our GDP might expect.
than our GDP might expect.
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那相對於期望的GDP增長
我們會有很大的進步。
我們會有很大的進步。
10:29
How much? Enough to get us
to the Global Goals?
to the Global Goals?
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多大?足夠我們
達成全球目標嗎?
達成全球目標嗎?
10:32
Well, let's look at some numbers.
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好的,讓我們來看一些數據。
我們已經知道:現今全球的
社會進步指標平均在61分
社會進步指標平均在61分
10:33
What we know already: the world today
is scoring 61 on social progress,
is scoring 61 on social progress,
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而我們想達到的分數是75分。
10:37
and the place we want to get to is 75.
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如果我們僅單純的依賴經濟成長
10:40
If we rely on economic growth alone,
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我們只能達到62.4分。
10:42
we're going to get to 62.4.
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10:45
So let's assume now that we can get
the countries that are currently
the countries that are currently
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那麼讓我們假設
把目前這些低於表現的國家
把目前這些低於表現的國家
10:49
underperforming on social progress --
the Russia, China, Indias --
the Russia, China, Indias --
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像是俄羅斯、中國大陸、印度...等
把他們計算到平均值就好。
10:52
just up to the average.
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我們在社會進步指數上
會得到幾分?
會得到幾分?
10:54
How much social progress does that get us?
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10:56
Well, that takes us to 65.
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我們會得到65分。
10:59
It's a bit better, but still
quite a long way to go.
quite a long way to go.
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有比較好一點,但仍然
有很長的一段路要走。
有很長的一段路要走。
那讓我們樂觀一點地說
11:02
So let's get a little bit more
optimistic and say,
optimistic and say,
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如果每個國家
多下點功夫在把財富
多下點功夫在把財富
11:04
what if every country
gets a little bit better
gets a little bit better
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11:07
at turning its wealth into well-being?
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轉換成幸福這件事上呢?
11:10
Well then, we get to 67.
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那麼我們會得到67分。
11:13
And now let's be even bolder still.
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現在讓我們更大膽的假設。
如果每個國家
把人類幸福擺第一順位
把人類幸福擺第一順位
11:16
What if every country in the world
chose to be like Costa Rica
chose to be like Costa Rica
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11:20
in prioritizing human well-being,
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與哥斯達黎加一樣,
11:22
using its wealth for the well-being
of its citizens?
of its citizens?
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把資源投入在每位市民的幸福上
會得到幾分呢?
會得到幾分呢?
11:25
Well then, we get to nearly 73,
very close to the Global Goals.
very close to the Global Goals.
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將近73分,很接近全球目標了。
我們可以達到全球目標嗎?
11:30
Can we achieve the Global Goals?
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11:32
Certainly not with business as usual.
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當然不能再走原路了。
11:35
Even a flood tide of economic growth
is not going to get us there,
is not going to get us there,
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即使是經濟成長也不能撐腰我們。
使我們不能不顧一切地
擁有奢華巨型遊艇和超級富豪
擁有奢華巨型遊艇和超級富豪
11:39
if it just raises the mega-yachts
and the super-wealthy
and the super-wealthy
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11:42
and leaves the rest behind.
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而忽略其他類將。
11:45
If we're going to achieve the Global Goals
we have to do things differently.
we have to do things differently.
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如果想達到全球目標,
我們必須做些不一樣的事。
我們必須做些不一樣的事。
我們必須優先考量
社會的進步並認真的規劃
社會的進步並認真的規劃
11:49
We have to prioritize social progress,
and really scale solutions
and really scale solutions
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世界各地的解決方案。
11:53
around the world.
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11:54
I believe the Global Goals
are a historic opportunity,
are a historic opportunity,
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我相信世界目標會是個歷史機會,
因為全世界的領導人
已經承諾要達成這些目標。
已經承諾要達成這些目標。
11:58
because the world's leaders
have promised to deliver them.
have promised to deliver them.
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我們不要放棄目標
或陷入悲觀主義。
或陷入悲觀主義。
12:03
Let's not dismiss the goals
or slide into pessimism;
or slide into pessimism;
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讓我們堅持住這些承諾。
12:07
let's hold them to that promise.
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而且我們需要負責任地
堅持住這些承諾
堅持住這些承諾
12:09
And we need to hold them to that promise
by holding them accountable,
by holding them accountable,
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在接下來的15年內
持續追蹤這些進度。
持續追蹤這些進度。
12:13
tracking their progress all the way
through the next 15 years.
through the next 15 years.
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12:16
And I want to finish by showing you
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最後結束前我要告訴
你們一個可行方法
你們一個可行方法
12:18
a way to do that, called
the People's Report Card.
the People's Report Card.
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它叫做人民報告卡。
人民報告卡匯集了所有的
數據到一個簡單的工作框架內
數據到一個簡單的工作框架內
12:21
The People's Report Card brings together
all this data into a simple framework
all this data into a simple framework
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像是以前我們會認真看待
12:26
that we'll all be familiar
with from our school days,
with from our school days,
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且大家孰悉的學校成績單。
12:28
to hold them to account.
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它會對我們全球
目標表現作評分
目標表現作評分
12:30
It grades our performance
on the Global Goals
on the Global Goals
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12:32
on a scale from F to A,
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從F到A，
F表示對人類最差
A表示對人類最好。
A表示對人類最好。
12:36
where F is humanity at its worst,
and A is humanity at its best.
and A is humanity at its best.
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12:41
Our world today is scoring a C-.
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4771
現今我們的世界是"C減"的成績,
而全球目標是全部要達到A。
12:47
The Global Goals are all about
getting to an A,
getting to an A,
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而這也是為什麼我們每年
要更新人民報告卡的原因。
要更新人民報告卡的原因。
12:50
and that's why we're going to be updating
the People's Report Card annually,
the People's Report Card annually,
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為了全世界
為了全世界的國家,
為了全世界的國家,
12:54
for the world and for all
the countries of the world,
the countries of the world,
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12:57
so we can hold our leaders to account
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我們要監督我們的領袖們
認真看待這件事
認真看待這件事
13:00
to achieve this target
and fulfill this promise.
and fulfill this promise.
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達成目標並完成這個承諾。
因為只有不一樣的作為
我們才能達成全球目標,
我們才能達成全球目標,
13:05
Because getting to the Global Goals will
only happen if we do things differently,
only happen if we do things differently,
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如果要讓這件事發生
需要各位一起努力,
需要各位一起努力,
13:09
if our leaders do things differently,
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13:12
and for that to happen,
that needs us to demand it.
that needs us to demand it.
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3897
要求各國領袖們
要有不一樣的作為了。
要有不一樣的作為了。
13:16
So let's reject business as usual.
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所以讓我們拋棄舊方法。
13:20
Let's demand a different path.
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讓我們專注在不一樣的方法。
13:23
Let's choose the world that we want.
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讓我們選擇我們想要的世界。
13:28
Thank you.
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謝謝。
13:29
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
布鲁诺·朱萨尼:
謝謝你,邁克爾。
謝謝你,邁克爾。
13:34
Bruno Giussani: Thank you, Michael.
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邁克爾,再請問你一個問題:
13:38
Michael, just one question:
the Millennium Development Goals
the Millennium Development Goals
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15年前 千禧年頒布的那些目標,
他們都有應用在每個國家上,
13:41
established 15 years ago,
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但也發現新興國家也有分數卡。
邁克爾格林：對。
邁克爾格林：對。
13:43
they were kind of applying
to every country
to every country
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13:46
but it turned out to be really
a scorecard for emerging countries.
a scorecard for emerging countries.
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現在新的全球目標
是那麼地普遍性。
是那麼地普遍性。
13:49
Now the new Global Goals
are explicitly universal.
are explicitly universal.
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13:52
They ask for every country to show action
and to show progress.
and to show progress.
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他們要求每個國家要
付諸行動並展現進程。
付諸行動並展現進程。
身為一位普通老百姓
我要如何使用報告卡
我要如何使用報告卡
13:56
How can I, as a private citizen,
use the report card
use the report card
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13:59
to create pressure for action?
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來對行動施展壓力?
14:02
Michael Green: This is a really important
point; it's a big shift in priorities --
point; it's a big shift in priorities --
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邁克爾格林：這點真的很重要
它是一個優先順序的大改變——
它是一個優先順序的大改變——
它不再是貧困國家
或只是貧窮問題。
或只是貧窮問題。
14:06
it's no longer about poor
countries and just poverty.
countries and just poverty.
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它攸關於每個國家。
14:08
It's about every country.
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而各個國家在全球目標
的議題上即將面臨挑戰。
的議題上即將面臨挑戰。
14:09
And every country is going to have
challenges in getting to the Global Goals.
challenges in getting to the Global Goals.
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甚至,我很抱歉地說,布魯諾...
瑞士已經著手在做了。
瑞士已經著手在做了。
14:13
Even, I'm sorry to say, Bruno,
Switzerland has got to work to do.
Switzerland has got to work to do.
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而這也是為什麼我們在2016年
即將為世界各個國家
即將為世界各個國家
14:16
And so that's why we're going to produce
these report cards in 2016
these report cards in 2016
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製作報告卡
14:20
for every country in the world.
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14:21
Then we can really see, how are we doing?
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如此我們就能真正的看到
我們該如何做?
我們該如何做?
14:23
And it's not going to be rich countries
scoring straight A's.
scoring straight A's.
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而這不是意味著
有錢的國家就可以直接得到A。
有錢的國家就可以直接得到A。
我認為這可以為開始投入
14:26
And that, then, I think,
is to provide a point of focus
is to provide a point of focus
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行動與專注進程的人
提供一個專注點。
提供一個專注點。
14:29
for people to start demanding action
and start demanding progress.
and start demanding progress.
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14:32
BG: Thank you very much.
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BG:非常謝謝你們。
(掌聲)
14:34
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Green - Social progress expertMichael Green is part of the team that has created the Social Progress Index, a standard to rank societies based on how they meet the needs of citizens.
Why you should listen
In his book Philanthrocapitalism (co-authored with Economist business editor Matthew Bishop), Michael Green defined a new model for social change built on partnerships between wealthy businesses, governments and community organizations. Shortly thereafter, Bishop floated the idea of a “Social Competiveness Index,” the idea that one day countries would compete with one another to be the most socially advanced, in the same way as they now compete to be economic top dog. Green loved it and decided to turn it into reality.
Teaming up with Avina's president Brizio Biondi-Morra, Sally Osberg of the Skoll Foundation and many other thought leaders from businesses and foundations, he began work on what would become the Social Progress Imperative, of which he's now CEO. Later they were joined by Harvard management guru Michael E. Porter, who became chairman of the SPI's advisory board. The first Social Progress Index was published in 2014.
Michael Green | Speaker | TED.com