TED2007
Adam Grosser: A mobile fridge for vaccines
Adam Grosser i njegov održiv frižider
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Adam Grosser govori o projektu stvaranja frižidera koji radi bez struje, da bi taj važan alat učinio dostupnim selima i klinikama širom svijeta. Prilagodjavanjem neke starije tehnologije, smislio je sistem koji funkcioniše.
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalist
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is a work in process,
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Ovo je posao koji još uvjek traje
00:16
based on some comments that were made
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na osnovu nekih komentara koji su dati
00:19
at TED two years ago
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na TED-u prije dvije godine
00:20
about the need for the storage of vaccine.
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o potrebi za skladištenjem vakcine.
00:24
(Music)
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(Muzika)
00:25
(Video) Narrator: On this planet,
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[ Na ovoj planeti ]
00:26
1.6 billion people
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[ 1.6 milijardi ljudi ]
00:28
don't have access to electricity,
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[ nema pristup električnoj energiji ]
00:30
refrigeration
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[ rashladnim uređajima ]
00:34
or stored fuels.
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[ ili pohranjenim gorivima ]
00:38
This is a problem.
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[ to je problem ]
00:40
It impacts:
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[ koji utiče na: ]
00:44
the spread of disease,
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[ širenje bolesti ]
00:46
the storage of food and medicine
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[ skladištenje hrane i lijekova ]
00:49
and the quality of life.
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[ i na kvalitet života ]
00:52
So here's the plan: inexpensive refrigeration that doesn't use electricity,
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[ evo šta se predlaže: jeftin rashladni uređaj koji ne koristi struju ... ]
00:55
propane, gas, kerosene or consumables.
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[ ... propan, benzin, kerozin ili potrošnu robu ]
01:00
Time for some thermodynamics.
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[ vrijeme je za malo termodinamike ]
01:02
And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrigerator.
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[ I priču o Frižideru koji se bazira na Povremenoj Absorpciji ]
01:05
Adam Grosser: So 29 years ago, I had this thermo teacher
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Prije 29 godina, imao sam profesora termodinamike
01:09
who talked about absorption and refrigeration.
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koji je govorio o absorpciji i rashlađivanju.
01:10
It's one of those things that stuck in my head.
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To je jedna od onih stvari koja mi je ostala urezana u pamćenje.
01:12
It was a lot like the Stirling engine:
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Bilo je to nešto poput Stirlingove Mašine:
01:13
it was cool, but you didn't know what to do with it.
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bilo je sjajno ali niste znali šta biste s time uradili.
01:16
And it was invented in 1858, by this guy Ferdinand Carre,
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Izmislio ju je Ferdinand Carre 1858. godine,
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but he couldn't actually build anything with it
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ali nije mogao ništa izgradit s njom
01:20
because of the tools of the time.
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zbog alata kojim je tada raspolagao.
01:23
This crazy Canadian named Powel Crosley
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A onda je otkačeni Kanađanin po imenu Powell Crosley
01:27
commercialized this thing called the IcyBall in 1928,
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komercijalizirao nešto sto je nazvao Icyball 1928. godine,
01:29
and it was a really neat idea,
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i to je zaista bila sjajna ideja,
01:31
and I'll get to why it didn't work,
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objasnit cu zašto nije funkcionisala,
01:32
but here's how it works.
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ali evo o čemu se radi.
01:34
There's two spheres and they're separated in distance.
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Postoje dvije sfere i one su odvojene i udaljene jedna od druge.
01:36
One has a working fluid, water and ammonia,
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U jednoj su radna tečnost, voda i amonijak
01:39
and the other is a condenser.
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a u drugoj je kondenzator.
01:40
You heat up one side, the hot side.
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Zagrijete jednu stranu, vrelu stranu.
01:42
The ammonia evaporates
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Amonijak ispari
01:43
and it re-condenses in the other side.
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i ponovo se kondenzira s druge strane.
01:46
You let it cool to room temperature,
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Ostavite da se ohladi na sobnoj temperaturi,
01:47
and then, as the ammonia re-evaporates and combines with the water
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i onda, dok amonijak ponovo isparava i mješa se sa vodom
01:51
back on the erstwhile hot side,
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na ranije vreloj strani,
01:52
it creates a powerful cooling effect.
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stvara jako dejstvo rashlađivanja.
01:55
So, it was a great idea that didn't work at all: it blew up.
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Bila je to odlična ideja koja uopšte nije funkcionisala: sve je eksplodiralo.
01:58
Because using ammonia you get hugely high pressures
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Zbog toga što korištenjem amonijaka dobijete jako visoke pritiske
02:03
if you heated them wrong.
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ako ste ga zagrijali na pogrešan način.
02:04
It topped 400 psi. The ammonia was toxic. It sprayed everywhere.
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Pritisak je bio veći od 27 bara. Amonijak je bio otrovan. Prskao je posvuda.
02:08
But it was kind of an interesting thought.
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Ali bila je to zanimljiva ideja.
02:10
So, the great thing about 2006 is
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I tako, dobra stvar za 2006. godinu je
02:13
there's a lot of really great computational work you can do.
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što postoji puno toga što se može uraditi pomoću kompjutera.
02:16
So, we got the whole thermodynamics department
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Pa smo uključili čitav odjel za termodinamiku
02:19
at Stanford involved --
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sa Stanford-a.
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a lot of computational fluid dynamics.
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Puno izračunavanja dinamike tečnosti.
02:22
We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables are wrong.
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Dokazali smo da je većina tablica o rashlađivanju amonijakom ustvari pogrešna.
02:25
We found some non-toxic refrigerants
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Pronašli smo neke neotrovne rashlađivače
02:28
that worked at very low vapor pressures.
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koji su radili na vrlo niskoj razini pritiska.
02:29
Brought in a team from the U.K. --
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Doveli smo tim iz Engleske -
02:32
there's a lot of great refrigeration people,
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pošto ima puno stručnjaka za rashlađivanje,
02:33
it turned out, in the U.K. --
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kako se pokazalo u Engleskoj -
02:35
and built a test rig, and proved that, in fact,
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i sagradili smo probni model, i dokazali da, u stvari
02:37
we could make a low pressure, non-toxic refrigerator.
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možemo proizvesti neotrovni frižider niskog pritiska.
02:41
So, this is the way it works.
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Evo kako to funkcioniše.
02:42
You put it on a cooking fire.
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Stavite ga na vatru.
02:43
Most people have cooking fires in the world,
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Većina ljudi u svijetu ima vatru za kuhanje,
02:45
whether it's camel dung or wood.
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bilo da koriste izmet deve ili drvo.
02:47
It heats up for about 30 minutes, cools for an hour.
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Zagrijava se oko 30 minuta, a hladi oko sat vremena.
02:50
Put it into a container
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Stavite ga u posudu
02:53
and it will refrigerate for 24 hours.
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i hladit će se 24 sata.
02:55
It looks like this. This is the fifth prototype. It's not quite done.
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Izgleda ovako. Ovo je peti prototip. Nije sasvim završen.
02:59
Weighs about eight pounds, and this is the way it works.
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Teži oko 3.6 kg, i funkcioniše ovako.
03:02
You put it into a 15-liter vessel, about three gallons,
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Stavite ga u posudu od 15 litara, odprilike tri galona,
03:06
and it'll cool it down to just above freezing --
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i rashladit će se na malo iznad tačke smrzavanja,
03:08
three degrees above freezing --
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otprilike tri stepena iznad tačke smrzavanja,
03:10
for 24 hours in a 30 degree C environment. It's really cheap.
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na 24 sata u okruženju temperature od 30 stepeni Celzijusa. Uistinu je jeftin.
03:13
We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25 dollars,
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Mislimo da ih možemo proizvesti u ogromnim količinama za oko 25 dolara,
03:16
in low volumes for about 40 dollars.
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a u manjim količinama za otprilike 40 dolara.
03:18
And we think we can make refrigeration
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Takođe mislimo da možemo rashladne uređaje učiniti
03:21
something that everybody can have.
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pristupačnim svima.
03:22
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
03:23
(Applause)
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( Pljesak )
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalistAdam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary.
Why you should listen
Adam Grosser is a venture capitalist, working with startups that are exploring new ideas in data communications, electronics and energy management. With a background in engineering and entertainment, he enjoys looking for opportunities that map over a few of his passions -- which also include greentech.
His passion for a sustainable solution to refrigeration -- for storing food and medicines -- led to the project he describes in his 2007 TEDTalk.
Adam Grosser | Speaker | TED.com