TED2007
Adam Grosser: A mobile fridge for vaccines
Adam Grosser at ang kanyang sustainable fridge
Filmed:
Readability: 3.9
973,042 views
Ibinabahagi ni Adam Grosser ang tungkol sa proyektong pagbuo ng refrigerator na hindi ginagamitan ng kuryente, upang dalhin ang kagamitang ito sa mga barangay at paggamutan sa buong mundo. Sa kaunting pagkalikot ng makalumang teknolohiya, nailikha ang isang sistema na gumagana.
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalist
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Adam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is a work in process,
0
1000
3000
Ito po ay isang patuloy na proyekto
00:16
based on some comments that were made
1
4000
3000
hango sa mga komento na binigay
00:19
at TED two years ago
2
7000
1000
sa TED noong dalawang taon na ang nakalipas
00:20
about the need for the storage of vaccine.
3
8000
4000
patungkol sa pangangailangan ng pag-iimbak ng bakuna.
00:24
(Music)
4
12000
1000
(Musika)
00:25
(Video) Narrator: On this planet,
5
13000
1000
[ Sa planetang ito ]
00:26
1.6 billion people
6
14000
2000
[ 1.6 bilyong katao ]
00:28
don't have access to electricity,
7
16000
2000
[ ang walang kuryente ]
00:30
refrigeration
8
18000
4000
[ refrigeration ]
00:34
or stored fuels.
9
22000
2000
[ o gaas ]
00:38
This is a problem.
10
26000
2000
[ ito ay isang dagok ]
00:40
It impacts:
11
28000
2000
[ at nakakaapekto: ]
00:44
the spread of disease,
12
32000
2000
[ sa paglaganap ng sakit ]
00:46
the storage of food and medicine
13
34000
3000
[ sa pag-iimbak ng pagkain at medisina ]
00:49
and the quality of life.
14
37000
3000
[ at sa kalidad ng buhay ]
00:52
So here's the plan: inexpensive refrigeration that doesn't use electricity,
15
40000
3000
[ kaya ito ang mungkahi: murang refrigeration na hindi ginagamitan ng kuryente ... ]
00:55
propane, gas, kerosene or consumables.
16
43000
5000
[ ... propane, gasolina, gaas, o mga consumables ]
01:00
Time for some thermodynamics.
17
48000
2000
[ oras na para sa kaunting thermodynamics ]
01:02
And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrigerator.
18
50000
3000
[ At ang kuwento ng Intermitent Absorption Refrigerator ]
01:05
Adam Grosser: So 29 years ago, I had this thermo teacher
19
53000
3000
29 na taon na ang nakalipas, may guro ako sa thermodynamics
01:09
who talked about absorption and refrigeration.
20
57000
1000
na nagbanggit tungkol sa absorption at refrigeration.
01:10
It's one of those things that stuck in my head.
21
58000
2000
Iyon ang ilan sa mga bagay na tumatak sa aking isipan.
01:12
It was a lot like the Stirling engine:
22
60000
1000
Tulad siya sa Stirling Engine:
01:13
it was cool, but you didn't know what to do with it.
23
61000
2000
astig pero hindi mo alam ang paggagamitan
01:16
And it was invented in 1858, by this guy Ferdinand Carre,
24
64000
3000
At ito ay naimbento noong 1858 ni Ferdinand Carre,
01:19
but he couldn't actually build anything with it
25
67000
1000
ngunit wala siyang magawa dito
01:20
because of the tools of the time.
26
68000
3000
dahil sa kakulangan ng kasangkapan noong panahong iyon.
01:23
This crazy Canadian named Powel Crosley
27
71000
3000
Isang nahihibang na Canadian sa ngalan na Powell Crosley
01:27
commercialized this thing called the IcyBall in 1928,
28
75000
2000
ang nagsakomersyo ng tinatawag na Icyball noong 1928,
01:29
and it was a really neat idea,
29
77000
2000
at iyon ay isang napakagandang ideya,
01:31
and I'll get to why it didn't work,
30
79000
1000
at sasabihin ko mamaya kung bakit ito'y hindi naging posible,
01:32
but here's how it works.
31
80000
1000
pero ganito ang kanyang mekanismo.
01:34
There's two spheres and they're separated in distance.
32
82000
2000
May dalawang bilog na magkahiwalay.
01:36
One has a working fluid, water and ammonia,
33
84000
2000
Laman ng isa ay working fluid, tubig at ammonia,
01:39
and the other is a condenser.
34
87000
1000
samantalang ang isa ay condenser.
01:40
You heat up one side, the hot side.
35
88000
2000
Paiinitan mo ang isang bahagi, yung mainit na bahagi.
01:42
The ammonia evaporates
36
90000
1000
Mag-eevaporate ang ammonia
01:43
and it re-condenses in the other side.
37
91000
2000
at magrerecondense sa kabilang bahagi.
01:46
You let it cool to room temperature,
38
94000
1000
Hahayaang lumamig sa room temperature,
01:47
and then, as the ammonia re-evaporates and combines with the water
39
95000
4000
at pagkatapos, habang nag-eevaporate ang ammonia kasabay ng tubig
01:51
back on the erstwhile hot side,
40
99000
1000
pabalik sa mainit na bahagi,
01:52
it creates a powerful cooling effect.
41
100000
2000
lumilikha ito ng paglamig.
01:55
So, it was a great idea that didn't work at all: it blew up.
42
103000
3000
Magandang ideya sana ngunit hindi ito naging posible: ito'y sumasabog.
01:58
Because using ammonia you get hugely high pressures
43
106000
5000
Dahil sa paggamit ng ammonia, nakakalikha ng matataas na pressures
02:03
if you heated them wrong.
44
111000
1000
kapag mali ang paraan ng pag-init.
02:04
It topped 400 psi. The ammonia was toxic. It sprayed everywhere.
45
112000
4000
Aabot ito ng 400 psi. Nakakalason ang ammonia. Kumakalat sa paligid.
02:08
But it was kind of an interesting thought.
46
116000
2000
Ngunit talagang interesante ang ideyang iyon.
02:10
So, the great thing about 2006 is
47
118000
3000
Kaya, naging mabuti ang 2006 dahil
02:13
there's a lot of really great computational work you can do.
48
121000
3000
maraming computational work ang maaring gawin.
02:16
So, we got the whole thermodynamics department
49
124000
3000
Kaya, tinipon namin ang buong departamento ng thermodynamics
02:19
at Stanford involved --
50
127000
1000
sa Stanford.
02:20
a lot of computational fluid dynamics.
51
128000
1000
Maraming computational fluid dynamics.
02:22
We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables are wrong.
52
130000
3000
Pinatunayan naming mali ang karamihan ng ammonia refrigeration tables.
02:25
We found some non-toxic refrigerants
53
133000
3000
Nakadiskubre kami ng refrigerants na hindi nakakalason
02:28
that worked at very low vapor pressures.
54
136000
1000
na maaring gamitin sa mabababang vapor pressures.
02:29
Brought in a team from the U.K. --
55
137000
3000
Humingi kami ng tulong sa isang grupo mula UK --
02:32
there's a lot of great refrigeration people,
56
140000
1000
maraming eksperto sa refrigeration,
02:33
it turned out, in the U.K. --
57
141000
2000
napag-alaman namin, mula sa UK --
02:35
and built a test rig, and proved that, in fact,
58
143000
2000
bumuo ng test rig, at pinatunayan na
02:37
we could make a low pressure, non-toxic refrigerator.
59
145000
3000
maaring makagawa ng low pressure, non-toxic regfrigerator.
02:41
So, this is the way it works.
60
149000
1000
Ganito ang kanyang paggamit.
02:42
You put it on a cooking fire.
61
150000
1000
Ilalagay mo siya sa ibabaw ng pinaglutuang apoy.
02:43
Most people have cooking fires in the world,
62
151000
2000
Kahit sino sa mundo may pinaglulutuang apoy,
02:45
whether it's camel dung or wood.
63
153000
1000
yari man sa dumi ng kamelyo or sa kahoy.
02:47
It heats up for about 30 minutes, cools for an hour.
64
155000
3000
Paiinitan ito sa loob ng 30 minuto, at palalamigin ng isang oras.
02:50
Put it into a container
65
158000
2000
Ipapasok sa isang lagayan
02:53
and it will refrigerate for 24 hours.
66
161000
2000
at maari na itong gamiting refrigerator sa loob ng 24 oras.
02:55
It looks like this. This is the fifth prototype. It's not quite done.
67
163000
3000
Ganito ang itsura niya. Ito ang panlimang prototype. Hindi pa siya gaanong tapos.
02:59
Weighs about eight pounds, and this is the way it works.
68
167000
3000
Ito ay may bigat na 8 pounds, at ang paraan ng paggamit ay ganito.
03:02
You put it into a 15-liter vessel, about three gallons,
69
170000
3000
Ilalagay mo siya sa 15-litro na lalagyan, katumbas ng tatlong galon,
03:06
and it'll cool it down to just above freezing --
70
174000
2000
at ito ay lalamig malapit sa freezing point,
03:08
three degrees above freezing --
71
176000
1000
tatlong baitang na mas mataas sa freezing point,
03:10
for 24 hours in a 30 degree C environment. It's really cheap.
72
178000
3000
sa loob ng 24 oras at 30 degree Celsius. Ito ay napakamura.
03:13
We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25 dollars,
73
181000
3000
Sa tingin namin, puwedeng bumuo nito ng maramihan sa halagang 25 dolyar bawat isa,
03:16
in low volumes for about 40 dollars.
74
184000
2000
at kapag kaunti lang, aabot ng 40 dolyar.
03:18
And we think we can make refrigeration
75
186000
2000
At sa tingin namin magagawa nating
03:21
something that everybody can have.
76
189000
1000
abot-kaya ang refrigeration para sa lahat.
03:22
Thank you.
77
190000
1000
Salamat po!
03:23
(Applause)
78
191000
3000
(Palakpakan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam Grosser - Venture capitalistAdam Grosser is a general partner at Foundation Capital -- and a refrigeration visionary.
Why you should listen
Adam Grosser is a venture capitalist, working with startups that are exploring new ideas in data communications, electronics and energy management. With a background in engineering and entertainment, he enjoys looking for opportunities that map over a few of his passions -- which also include greentech.
His passion for a sustainable solution to refrigeration -- for storing food and medicines -- led to the project he describes in his 2007 TEDTalk.
Adam Grosser | Speaker | TED.com