TED2015
Dame Ellen MacArthur: The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world
Dame Ellen MacArthur: Iznenađujuća stvar koju sam naučila jedreći sama oko svijeta
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Što naučite kada sami oplovite svijet? Nakon što je jedriličarka Ellen MacArthur obišla globus sama - noseći sve što joj je potrebno sa sobom - vratila se s novim uvidom u način na koji svijet funkcionira, kao mjesto preklapajućih ciklusa i ograničenih resursa, gdje odluke koje donosimo danas utječu na ono što je ostavljeno za sutra. Smiono predlaže novo gledište na svjetske ekonomske sustave: ne kao linearne, nego kao kružne, gdje se sve vraća.
Dame Ellen MacArthur - Circular economy advocate
After setting a record for sailing around the world, Dame Ellen MacArthur has turned her attention toward creating a more "circular" economy -- where resources and power recirculate and regenerate. Full bio
After setting a record for sailing around the world, Dame Ellen MacArthur has turned her attention toward creating a more "circular" economy -- where resources and power recirculate and regenerate. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
When you're a child,
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Dok si dijete,
00:14
anything and everything is possible.
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sve i svašta je moguće.
00:18
The challenge, so often,
is hanging on to that as we grow up.
is hanging on to that as we grow up.
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Izazov je, često, da to zadržimo
dok odrastamo.
dok odrastamo.
00:22
And as a four-year-old,
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Kao četverogodišnjakinja,
00:24
I had the opportunity
to sail for the first time.
to sail for the first time.
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imala sam priliku jedriti prvi puta.
00:27
I will never forget
the excitement as we closed the coast.
the excitement as we closed the coast.
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Nikad neću zaboraviti uzbuđenje dok smo
se približavali obali.
se približavali obali.
00:31
I will never forget
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Nikad neću zaboraviti
00:33
the feeling of adventure
as I climbed on board the boat
as I climbed on board the boat
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osjećaj avanture dok sam se penjala na
brod
brod
00:36
and stared into her tiny cabin
for the first time.
for the first time.
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i zurila u malenu kabinu prvi puta.
00:40
But the most amazing feeling
was the feeling of freedom,
was the feeling of freedom,
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No, najbolji osjećaj je bio
osjećaj slobode,
osjećaj slobode,
00:43
the feeling that I felt
when we hoisted her sails.
when we hoisted her sails.
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osjećaj koji sam osjetila kad
smo pogidli jedra.
smo pogidli jedra.
00:47
As a four-year-old child,
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Četverogodišnjem djetetu je,
00:49
it was the greatest sense of freedom
that I could ever imagine.
that I could ever imagine.
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to bio najveći osjećaj slobode koji sam
ikad mogla zamisliti.
ikad mogla zamisliti.
00:53
I made my mind up there and then
that one day, somehow,
that one day, somehow,
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Tog sam dana, tamo i u tom trenutku,
odlučila da ću jednog dana,
odlučila da ću jednog dana,
00:56
I was going to sail around the world.
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oploviti svijet.
01:00
So I did what I could in my life
to get closer to that dream.
to get closer to that dream.
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Tako da sam napravila što sam mogla
da se približim tom snu.
da se približim tom snu.
01:04
Age 10, it was saving my school
dinner money change.
dinner money change.
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S deset godina, štedila sam ostatak
školskog džeparca za večeru.
školskog džeparca za večeru.
01:07
Every single day for eight years,
I had mashed potato and baked beans,
I had mashed potato and baked beans,
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Svaki dan tijekom osam godina sam
jela pire krumpir i zapečeni grah,
jela pire krumpir i zapečeni grah,
01:11
which cost 4p each, and gravy was free.
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koji su koštali 4 penija svaki,
a umak je bio besplatan.
a umak je bio besplatan.
01:13
Every day I would pile up the change
on the top of my money box,
on the top of my money box,
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Svaki dan bih gomilala ostatak
na vrhu moje kutije za novac,
na vrhu moje kutije za novac,
01:17
and when that pile reached a pound,
I would drop it in
I would drop it in
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a kad bi hrpa dostigla jednu funtu,
ubacila bih ju unutra
ubacila bih ju unutra
01:19
and cross off one of the 100 squares
I'd drawn on a piece of paper.
I'd drawn on a piece of paper.
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i prekrižila jedan od 100 kvadratića
koje sam nacrtala na komadu papira.
koje sam nacrtala na komadu papira.
01:24
Finally, I bought a tiny dinghy.
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Konačno, kupila sam jedan maleni čamac.
01:27
I spent hours sitting on it in the garden
dreaming of my goal.
dreaming of my goal.
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Provela sam sate sjedeći u vrtu i
sanjajući o svom cilju.
sanjajući o svom cilju.
01:31
I read every book I could on sailing,
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Pročitala sam svaku knjigu o jedrenju koju
sam mogla naći,
sam mogla naći,
01:34
and then eventually,
having been told by my school
having been told by my school
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i naposlijetku sam,
kada su mi u školi rekli
kada su mi u školi rekli
01:37
I wasn't clever enough to be a vet,
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da nisam dovoljno pametna da postanem
veterinar,
veterinar,
01:39
left school age 17 to begin
my apprenticeship in sailing.
my apprenticeship in sailing.
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napustila školu sa 17 godina da bih
započela sa učenjem o jedrenju.
započela sa učenjem o jedrenju.
01:44
So imagine how it felt
just four years later
just four years later
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Zamislite kakav je osjećaj bio
samo četiri godine poslije
samo četiri godine poslije
01:48
to be sitting in a boardroom
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sjediti u prostoriji
01:50
in front of someone who I knew
could make that dream come true.
could make that dream come true.
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ispred nekoga za koga znam da mi
može ostvariti san.
može ostvariti san.
01:54
I felt like my life
depended on that moment,
depended on that moment,
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Osjećala sam da mi život ovisi o
tom trenutku,
tom trenutku,
01:58
and incredibly, he said yes.
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i nevjerojatno, rekao je da.
02:00
And I could barely contain my excitement
as I sat in that first design meeting
as I sat in that first design meeting
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Jedva sam suzdržala ushićenje
dok sam sjedila na tom prvom sastanku
dok sam sjedila na tom prvom sastanku
02:04
designing a boat
on which I was going to sail
on which I was going to sail
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gdje sam dizajnirala brod na kojem ću
jedriti
jedriti
02:07
solo nonstop around the world.
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sama, neprestano, oko svijeta.
02:10
From that first meeting
to the finish line of the race,
to the finish line of the race,
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Od tog prvog sastanka
sve do završne linije utrke,
sve do završne linije utrke,
02:13
it was everything I'd ever imagined.
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sve je bilo kao što sam i zamišljala.
02:15
Just like in my dreams, there were
amazing parts and tough parts.
amazing parts and tough parts.
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Baš kao i u mojim snovima, postojali su
nevjerojatni djelovi i teški djelovi.
nevjerojatni djelovi i teški djelovi.
02:19
We missed an iceberg by 20 feet.
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Promašili smo santu leda za 6 metara.
02:21
Nine times, I climbed to the top
of her 90-foot mast.
of her 90-foot mast.
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Devet puta sam se popela na vrh
27 metara visokog jarbola.
27 metara visokog jarbola.
02:24
We were blown on our side
in the Southern Ocean.
in the Southern Ocean.
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U Južnom oceanu nas je vjetar prevrnuo
na stranu.
na stranu.
02:27
But the sunsets, the wildlife,
and the remoteness
and the remoteness
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No, zalasci sunca, divljina i
zabačenost
zabačenost
02:30
were absolutely breathtaking.
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su potpuno oduzimali dah.
02:33
After three months at sea, age just 24,
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Nakon tri mjeseca na moru, u dobi od 24,
02:36
I finished in second position.
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završila sam na drugom mjestu.
02:39
I'd loved it, so much so
that within six months
that within six months
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Toliko mi se svidjelo da sam unutar
šest mjeseci
šest mjeseci
02:42
I decided to go around the world again,
but this time not in a race:
but this time not in a race:
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odlučila ponovno oploviti svijet,
ali ovaj put ne u utrci:
ali ovaj put ne u utrci:
02:47
to try to be the fastest person ever
to sail solo nonstop around the world.
to sail solo nonstop around the world.
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nego da budem najbrža osoba ikad
koja je oplovila svijet sama bez stajanja.
koja je oplovila svijet sama bez stajanja.
02:52
Now for this, I needed a different craft:
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No, za to mi je bilo potrebno
drukčije plovilo:
drukčije plovilo:
02:55
bigger, wider, faster, more powerful.
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veće, šire, brže i snažnije.
02:59
Just to give that boat some scale,
I could climb inside her mast
I could climb inside her mast
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Da dobijete osjećaj veličine,
mogla sam se popeti unutar jarbola
mogla sam se popeti unutar jarbola
03:02
all the way to the top.
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sve do vrha.
03:04
Seventy-five foot long, 60 foot wide.
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23 metra dugačak, 18 metara širok.
03:08
I affectionately called her Moby.
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Iz milja sam ga zvala Moby.
03:10
She was a multihull.
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Bio je to brod sa više trupova.
03:12
When we built her, no one had ever
made it solo nonstop
made it solo nonstop
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Kada smo ga sagradili, nitko
dotad nije oplovio svijet
dotad nije oplovio svijet
03:15
around the world in one,
though many had tried,
though many had tried,
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bez stajanja odjednom,
iako su mnogi pokušali,
iako su mnogi pokušali,
03:18
but whilst we built her, a Frenchman
took a boat 25 percent bigger than her
took a boat 25 percent bigger than her
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no, dok smo ga gradili, Francuz
sa 25 posto većim brodom
sa 25 posto većim brodom
03:23
and not only did he make it,
but he took the record from 93 days
but he took the record from 93 days
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je uspio, i ne samo to,
spustio je rekord od 93 dana
spustio je rekord od 93 dana
03:26
right down to 72.
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na 72 dana.
03:29
The bar was now much, much higher.
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Prepreka je sad bila mnogo, mnogo viša.
03:32
And these boats were exciting to sail.
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A ovim brodovima je vrlo uzbudljivo
ploviti.
ploviti.
03:34
This was a training sail
off the French coast.
off the French coast.
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Ovo je trening jedrenja blizu
francuske obale.
francuske obale.
03:37
This I know well because I was one
of the five crew members on board.
of the five crew members on board.
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Ovo mi je vrlo poznato jer sam ja bila
jedna od pet članova posade.
jedna od pet članova posade.
03:41
Five seconds is all it took
from everything being fine
from everything being fine
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Bilo je dovoljno pet sekundi
od stanja gdje je sve u redu
od stanja gdje je sve u redu
03:45
to our world going black
as the windows were thrust underwater,
as the windows were thrust underwater,
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do našeg svijeta zavijenog u crno
kako su prozori ponirali ispod vode,
kako su prozori ponirali ispod vode,
03:48
and that five seconds goes quickly.
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a tih pet sekundi prođe brzo.
03:50
Just see how far below
those guys the sea is.
those guys the sea is.
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Vidite koliko su ti ljudi
daleko od mora.
daleko od mora.
03:53
Imagine that alone
in the Southern Ocean
in the Southern Ocean
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Zamislite ovu situaciju dok ste sami
u Južnom oceanu
u Južnom oceanu
03:57
plunged into icy water,
thousands of miles away from land.
thousands of miles away from land.
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uronjeni u ledenu vodu,
tisućama milja daleko od kopna.
tisućama milja daleko od kopna.
04:03
It was Christmas Day.
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Bio je Božić.
04:05
I was forging into the Southern Ocean
underneath Australia.
underneath Australia.
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Ja sam hrlila u Južni ocean ispod
Australije.
Australije.
04:08
The conditions were horrendous.
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Uvjeti su bili užasni.
04:11
I was approaching a part in the ocean
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Prilazila sam dijelu oceana
04:13
which was 2,000 miles away
from the nearest town.
from the nearest town.
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koji je udaljen 3200 kilometara
od najbližeg grada.
od najbližeg grada.
04:17
The nearest land was Antarctica,
and the nearest people
and the nearest people
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Najbliže kopno je bila Antarktika,
a najbliži ljudi
a najbliži ljudi
04:20
would be those manning
the European Space Station above me.
the European Space Station above me.
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oni u Europskoj svemirskoj stanici
iznad mene.
iznad mene.
04:23
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:24
You really are in the middle of nowhere.
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Doslovno ste usred ničega.
04:27
If you need help,
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Ako trebate pomoć,
04:29
and you're still alive,
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a još ste živi,
04:30
it takes four days
for a ship to get to you
for a ship to get to you
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potrebno je četiri dana brodu da
stigne do vas
stigne do vas
04:33
and then four days for that ship
to get you back to port.
to get you back to port.
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a onda četiri dana da taj brod
stigne nazad do luke.
stigne nazad do luke.
04:37
No helicopter can reach you out there,
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Helikopter ne može doći do vas,
04:39
and no plane can land.
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a nijedan zrakoplov ne može sletjeti.
04:41
We are forging ahead of a huge storm.
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Ulazimo u ogromnu oluju.
04:44
Within it, there was 80 knots of wind,
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Unutar koje je brzina vjetra od 150 km/h,
04:47
which was far too much wind
for the boat and I to cope with.
for the boat and I to cope with.
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što je bilo daleko previše vjetra za
brod i za mene.
brod i za mene.
04:50
The waves were already 40 to 50 feet high,
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Valovi su već bili 12 do 15 metara visoki,
04:53
and the spray from the breaking crests
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a prskanje sa slomljenih grebena
04:55
was blown horizontally
like snow in a blizzard.
like snow in a blizzard.
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je puhalo vodoravno kao snijeg
tijekom mećave.
tijekom mećave.
04:58
If we didn't sail fast enough,
we'd be engulfed by that storm,
we'd be engulfed by that storm,
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Da nismo jedrili dovoljno brzo,
oluja bi nas zahvatila,
oluja bi nas zahvatila,
05:02
and either capsized or smashed to pieces.
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i ili prevrnula ili razbila na djelove.
05:05
We were quite literally
hanging on for our lives
hanging on for our lives
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Doslovno smo se borili za
živote
živote
05:08
and doing so on a knife edge.
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koji su visili o niti.
05:11
The speed I so desperately needed
brought with it danger.
brought with it danger.
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Brzina koju sam očajnički trebala
je sa sobom donijela opasnost.
je sa sobom donijela opasnost.
05:15
We all know what it's like driving a car
20 miles an hour, 30, 40.
20 miles an hour, 30, 40.
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Svi znamo kako je voziti automobil
30 km/h, 40, 50.
30 km/h, 40, 50.
05:19
It's not too stressful.
We can concentrate.
We can concentrate.
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Nije toliko stresno.
Možemo se usredotočiti.
Možemo se usredotočiti.
05:22
We can turn on the radio.
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Možemo uključiti radio.
05:24
Take that 50, 60, 70, accelerate through
to 80, 90, 100 miles an hour.
to 80, 90, 100 miles an hour.
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Sada ubzajte tih 80, 90, 100 km/h na
140, 150, 160 km/h.
140, 150, 160 km/h.
05:28
Now you have white knuckles
and you're gripping the steering wheel.
and you're gripping the steering wheel.
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Sada imate bijele zglobove
i stežete volan.
i stežete volan.
05:31
Now take that car off road at night
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Sada siđite sa ceste po noći
05:34
and remove the windscreen wipers,
the windscreen,
the windscreen,
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i skinite brisače stakla,
vjetrobran,
vjetrobran,
05:36
the headlights and the brakes.
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prednja svjetla i kočnice.
05:38
That's what it's like
in the Southern Ocean.
in the Southern Ocean.
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Takav je osjećaj u Južnom oceanu.
05:40
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(Smijeh) (Pljesak)
05:45
You could imagine
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Možete zamisliti
05:46
it would be quite difficult
to sleep in that situation,
to sleep in that situation,
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da je poprilično teško zaspati
u takvoj situaciji,
u takvoj situaciji,
05:48
even as a passenger.
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čak i kao putnik.
05:50
But you're not a passenger.
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Ali niste putnik.
05:52
You're alone on a boat
you can barely stand up in,
you can barely stand up in,
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Sami ste na brodu na
kojem jedva možete uspravno stajati,
kojem jedva možete uspravno stajati,
05:54
and you have to make
every single decision on board.
every single decision on board.
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i morate donositi svaku odluku na brodu
sami.
sami.
05:57
I was absolutely exhausted,
physically and mentally.
physically and mentally.
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Bila sam potpuno iscrpljena,
fizički i mentalno.
fizički i mentalno.
06:00
Eight sail changes in 12 hours.
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Osam promjena jedara u 12 sati.
06:02
The mainsail weighed
three times my body weight,
three times my body weight,
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Glavno jedro je težilo tri puta više
od mog tijela,
od mog tijela,
06:05
and after each change,
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i nakon svake promjene,
06:06
I would collapse on the floor
soaked with sweat
soaked with sweat
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bih se srušila na pod
oznojena
oznojena
06:09
with this freezing Southern Ocean air
burning the back of my throat.
burning the back of my throat.
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dok smrznuti zrak Južnog oceana
prži moje grlo.
prži moje grlo.
06:13
But out there, those lowest of the lows
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No tamo, najniži od padova
06:16
are so often contrasted
with the highest of the highs.
with the highest of the highs.
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je toliko često u kontrastu sa
najvišim od uspona.
najvišim od uspona.
06:19
A few days later, we came out
of the back of the low.
of the back of the low.
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Par dana kasnije, prestalo je
loše razdoblje.
loše razdoblje.
06:23
Against all odds, we'd been able
to drive ahead of the record
to drive ahead of the record
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I usprkos svemu, uspjeli smo
ići ispred rekorda
ići ispred rekorda
06:27
within that depression.
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tijekom te depresije.
06:29
The sky cleared, the rain stopped,
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Nebo se razbistrilo, kiša stala,
06:32
and our heartbeat, the monstrous
seas around us were transformed
seas around us were transformed
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i puls, monstruozno more oko nas
se pretvorilo
se pretvorilo
06:36
into the most beautiful moonlit mountains.
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u najljepše mjesečinom obasjane planine.
06:40
It's hard to explain, but you enter
a different mode when you head out there.
a different mode when you head out there.
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Teško je objasniti, ali kad ste tamo
drukčije radite stvari.
drukčije radite stvari.
06:44
Your boat is your entire world,
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Vaš brod je vaš cijeli svijet,
06:46
and what you take with you
when you leave is all you have.
when you leave is all you have.
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i ono što ponesete sa sobom je
sve što imate.
sve što imate.
06:49
If I said to you all now,
"Go off into Vancouver
"Go off into Vancouver
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Kad bih vam rekla sad,
"Idite u Vancouver
"Idite u Vancouver
06:52
and find everything you will need for
your survival for the next three months,"
your survival for the next three months,"
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i nađite sve što ćete trebati za opstanak
u sljedeća tri mjeseca."
u sljedeća tri mjeseca."
06:56
that's quite a task.
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to je popriličan zadatak.
06:58
That's food, fuel, clothes,
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To je hrana, gorivo, odjeća,
07:00
even toilet roll and toothpaste.
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pa čak WC papir i pasta za zube.
07:02
That's what we do,
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To je ono što napravimo,
07:04
and when we leave we manage it
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i kada odlazimo snalazimo se
07:06
down to the last drop of diesel
and the last packet of food.
and the last packet of food.
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sa zadnjom kapi dizela
i zadnjim paketom hrane.
i zadnjim paketom hrane.
07:10
No experience in my life
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Nijedno iskustvo u životu
07:11
could have given me a better understanding
of the definition of the word "finite."
of the definition of the word "finite."
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mi nije moglo dati bolje razumijevanje
definicije riječi "ograničeno".
definicije riječi "ograničeno".
07:15
What we have out there is all we have.
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Ono što imamo tamo je sve što imamo.
07:17
There is no more.
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Nema ničega više.
07:19
And never in my life had I ever
translated that definition of finite
translated that definition of finite
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Nikad u životu nisam prenijela
tu definiciju ograničenosti,
tu definiciju ograničenosti,
07:22
that I'd felt on board
to anything outside of sailing
to anything outside of sailing
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koju sam osjećala na brodu,
na išta drugo osim jedrenja
na išta drugo osim jedrenja
07:26
until I stepped off the boat at
the finish line having broken that record.
the finish line having broken that record.
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sve dok nisam sišla s broda
na završnoj crti obarajući taj rekord.
na završnoj crti obarajući taj rekord.
07:30
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
07:36
Suddenly I connected the dots.
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Odjednom sam sve povezala.
07:38
Our global economy is no different.
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Naša globalna ekonomija nije nimalo
drukčija.
drukčija.
07:41
It's entirely dependent
on finite materials
on finite materials
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Posve je ovisna o
ograničenim materijalima
ograničenim materijalima
07:44
we only have once
in the history of humanity.
in the history of humanity.
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koje imamo samo jednom u
povijesti čovječanstva.
povijesti čovječanstva.
07:46
And it was a bit like seeing something
you weren't expecting under a stone
you weren't expecting under a stone
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Bilo je, pomalo, kao da nađeš nešto
što nisi očekivao ispod kamena
što nisi očekivao ispod kamena
07:50
and having two choices:
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i imaš dva izbora:
07:52
I either put that stone to one side
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Ili staviti kamen sa strane
07:54
and learn more about it,
or I put that stone back
or I put that stone back
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i naučiti što više o tome,
ili vratiti kamen gdje je bio
ili vratiti kamen gdje je bio
07:58
and I carry on with my dream job
of sailing around the world.
of sailing around the world.
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i vratiti se svom poslu iz snova
što je jedrenje oko svijeta.
što je jedrenje oko svijeta.
08:02
I chose the first.
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Izabrala sam prvo.
08:04
I put it to one side and I began
a new journey of learning,
a new journey of learning,
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Stavila sam ga strane i počela
novo putovanje učenja,
novo putovanje učenja,
08:07
speaking to chief executives,
experts, scientists, economists
experts, scientists, economists
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razgovarajući sa izvršnim direktorima,
stručnjacima, znanstvenicima, ekonomistima
stručnjacima, znanstvenicima, ekonomistima
08:11
to try to understand just how
our global economy works.
our global economy works.
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da bi razumjela kako
naša globalna ekonomija funkcionira.
naša globalna ekonomija funkcionira.
08:14
And my curiosity took me
to some extraordinary places.
to some extraordinary places.
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Moja znatiželja me odvela na
neka izvanredna mjesta.
neka izvanredna mjesta.
08:18
This photo was taken in the burner
of a coal-fired power station.
of a coal-fired power station.
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Ova fotografija je uslikana u plameniku
ugljena u elektrani.
ugljena u elektrani.
08:23
I was fascinated by coal,
fundamental to our global energy needs,
fundamental to our global energy needs,
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Bila sam fascinirana ugljenom, temeljom
naše globalne energetske potražnje,
naše globalne energetske potražnje,
08:26
but also very close to my family.
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ali također, vrlo bliskim mojoj obitelji.
08:29
My great-grandfather was a coal miner,
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Moj pra-pradjed je bio rudar,
08:31
and he spent 50 years
of his life underground.
of his life underground.
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i proveo je 50 godina svog života
pod zemljom.
pod zemljom.
08:35
This is a photo of him,
and when you see that photo,
and when you see that photo,
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Ovo je njegova slika i kad pogledate
tu sliku,
tu sliku,
08:38
you see someone from another era.
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vidite nekog iz druge ere.
08:40
No one wears trousers
with a waistband quite that high
with a waistband quite that high
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Nitko više ne nosi hlače sa toliko
visokim strukom
visokim strukom
08:43
in this day and age. (Laughter)
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u posljednje vrijeme. (Smijeh)
08:46
But yet, that's me
with my great-grandfather,
with my great-grandfather,
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No, ipak ovo sam ja sa mojim
pradjedom,
pradjedom,
08:48
and by the way, they are not
his real ears. (Laughter)
his real ears. (Laughter)
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4133
i usput, to nisu njegove prave uši.
(Smijeh)
(Smijeh)
08:53
We were close. I remember sitting on
his knee listening to his mining stories.
his knee listening to his mining stories.
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Bili smo bliski. Sjećam se da sam sjedila
na njegovom koljenu i slušala rudarske priče.
na njegovom koljenu i slušala rudarske priče.
08:57
He talked of the camaraderie underground,
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Pričao bi o prijateljstvu ispod zemlje,
08:59
and the fact that the miners used to save
the crusts of their sandwiches
the crusts of their sandwiches
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3437
i da su čuvali korice kruha
sa sendviča
sa sendviča
09:03
to give to the ponies
they worked with underground.
they worked with underground.
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da bi dali ponijima koji su s njima
radili pod zemljom.
radili pod zemljom.
09:06
It was like it was yesterday.
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2391
Kao da je bilo jučer.
09:08
And on my journey of learning,
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1788
Na mom putu učenja,
09:10
I went to the World
Coal Association website,
Coal Association website,
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otišla sam na web stranicu
Svjetskog udruženja za ugljen,
Svjetskog udruženja za ugljen,
09:12
and there in the middle
of the homepage, it said,
of the homepage, it said,
178
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2322
i na sredini početne stranice stoji,
09:15
"We have about 118 years of coal left."
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3158
"Imamo još 118 godina ugljena preostalo!"
09:18
And I thought to myself, well,
that's well outside my lifetime,
that's well outside my lifetime,
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3134
Mislila sam, dakle,
to je izvan mog životnog vijeka,
to je izvan mog životnog vijeka,
09:21
and a much greater figure
than the predictions for oil.
than the predictions for oil.
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2879
i mnogo veća brojka nego predviđanja
za naftu.
za naftu.
09:24
But I did the math, and I realized
that my great-grandfather
that my great-grandfather
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Onda sam izračunala i shvatila da je
moj pradjed
moj pradjed
09:27
had been born exactly 118 years
before that year,
before that year,
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4574
rođen točno 118 godina prije te godine,
09:31
and I sat on his knee
until I was 11 years old,
until I was 11 years old,
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ja sam sjedila na njegovom koljenu
u svojoj 11 godini,
u svojoj 11 godini,
09:34
and I realized it's nothing
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1904
i shvatila da je to ništa
09:36
in time, nor in history.
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2322
u vremenu, ili povijesti.
09:38
And it made me make a decision
I never thought I would make:
I never thought I would make:
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3158
To me ponukalo da donesem odluku
koju sam mislila da nikad neću,
koju sam mislila da nikad neću,
09:42
to leave the sport
of solo sailing behind me
of solo sailing behind me
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2345
da napustim sport
solo jedrenja
solo jedrenja
09:44
and focus on the greatest challenge
I'd ever come across:
I'd ever come across:
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3065
i usredotočim se na najveći izazov
na koji ću ikad naići:
na koji ću ikad naići:
09:47
the future of our global economy.
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2330
budućnost naše svjetske ekonomije.
09:49
And I quickly realized it wasn't
just about energy.
just about energy.
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2709
Ubrzo sam shvatila da se ne
radi samo o energiji.
radi samo o energiji.
09:52
It was also materials.
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2043
Nego i materijalima.
09:54
In 2008, I picked up a scientific study
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2159
2008. godine, našla sam znanstveni rad
09:56
looking at how many years we have
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2044
koji proučava koliko godina još imamo
09:58
of valuable materials
to extract from the ground:
to extract from the ground:
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2716
za vađenje vrijednih materijala
iz zemlje:
iz zemlje:
10:01
copper, 61; tin, zinc, 40; silver, 29.
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4389
bakar, 61; kositar, cink, 40; srebro, 29.
10:05
These figures couldn't be exact,
but we knew those materials were finite.
but we knew those materials were finite.
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4016
Ove brojke ne mogu biti potpuno točne,
no znamo da su ti materijali ograničeni.
no znamo da su ti materijali ograničeni.
10:09
We only have them once.
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1737
Imamo ih samo jednom.
10:11
And yet, our speed that we've used
these materials has increased rapidly,
these materials has increased rapidly,
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3534
A ipak, naša brzina korištenja ovih
materijala se brzo povećala,
materijala se brzo povećala,
10:15
exponentially.
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1742
eksponencijalno.
10:16
With more people in the world
with more stuff,
with more stuff,
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Uz više ljudi na svijetu
sa više stvari,
sa više stvari,
10:19
we've effectively seen
100 years of price declines
100 years of price declines
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uspješno smo vidjeli
100 godina padanja cijena
100 godina padanja cijena
10:22
in those basic commodities
erased in just 10 years.
erased in just 10 years.
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2845
tih temeljnih pogodnosti,
obrisane u samo 10 godina.
obrisane u samo 10 godina.
10:25
And this affects all of us.
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1787
To utječe na sve nas.
10:27
It's brought huge volatility in prices,
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2020
To je donijelo ogromu nestalnost
u cijenama,
u cijenama,
10:29
so much so that in 2011,
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2849
toliku da je 2011. godine,
10:32
your average European car manufacturer
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2538
kod prosječnog europskog proizvođača
automobila
automobila
10:34
saw a raw material price increase
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2554
povećanje cijena sirovina
10:37
of 500 million Euros,
209
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2206
za 500 milijuna Eura,
10:39
wiping away half their operating profits
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2322
izbrisalo polovicu njihovih radnih profita
10:41
through something they have
absolutely no control over.
absolutely no control over.
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3559
putem nečeg nad čim nemaju
nikakvu kontrolu.
nikakvu kontrolu.
10:45
And the more I learned, the more
I started to change my own life.
I started to change my own life.
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Što sam više naučila to sam
više mijenjala svoj život.
više mijenjala svoj život.
10:48
I started traveling less,
doing less, using less.
doing less, using less.
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2289
Počela sam manje putovati,
manje raditi, manje koristiti.
manje raditi, manje koristiti.
10:50
It felt like actually doing less
was what we had to do.
was what we had to do.
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3541
Kao da bi zapravo trebali manje
raditi.
raditi.
10:54
But it sat uneasy with me.
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2350
To mi nije baš sjelo.
10:56
It didn't feel right.
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1122
Nije mi izgledalo ispravno.
10:57
It felt like we were
buying ourselves time.
buying ourselves time.
217
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2496
Kao da kupujemo još malo vremena.
11:00
We were eking things out a bit longer.
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1892
Kao da izdržavamo još malo duže.
11:02
Even if everybody changed,
it wouldn't solve the problem.
it wouldn't solve the problem.
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3227
Čak i kad bi se svi promijenili,
to ne bi riješilo problem.
to ne bi riješilo problem.
11:05
It wouldn't fix the system.
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2044
Ne bi popravilo sustav.
11:07
It was vital in the transition,
but what fascinated me was,
but what fascinated me was,
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3041
Bitno je u tranziciji,
ali ono što me je fasciniralo,
ali ono što me je fasciniralo,
11:10
in the transition to what?
What could actually work?
What could actually work?
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658562
4389
u tranziciji u što?
Što zapravo može funkcionirati?
Što zapravo može funkcionirati?
11:14
It struck me that the system itself,
the framework within which we live,
the framework within which we live,
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4295
Shvatila sam da je sustav sam po sebi,
okvir unutrar kojeg živimo,
okvir unutrar kojeg živimo,
11:19
is fundamentally flawed,
224
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2299
u osnovi manjkav,
11:21
and I realized ultimately
225
669545
3259
i napokon sam shvatila
11:24
that our operating system,
the way our economy functions,
the way our economy functions,
226
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3033
da je naš sustav rada,
način na koji naša ekonomija funkcionira,
način na koji naša ekonomija funkcionira,
11:27
the way our economy's been built,
is a system in itself.
is a system in itself.
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3483
način na koji je naša ekonomija izgrađena,
je sustav sam po sebi.
je sustav sam po sebi.
11:31
At sea, I had to understand
complex systems.
complex systems.
228
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2902
Na moru sam morala razumijeti
složene sustave.
složene sustave.
11:34
I had to take multiple inputs,
229
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1878
Morala sam uzeti višestruke ulazne
podatke,
podatke,
11:36
I had to process them,
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1512
morala sam ih obraditi,
11:37
and I had to understand the system to win.
231
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2888
i razumijeti sustav da bih pobijedila.
11:40
I had to make sense of it.
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1733
Morala sam naći smisla u tome.
11:42
And as I looked at our global economy,
I realized it too is that system,
I realized it too is that system,
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4063
Kad sam pogledala našu globalnu ekonomiju,
shvatila sam da je to isto sustav,
shvatila sam da je to isto sustav,
11:46
but it's a system that effectively
can't run in the long term.
can't run in the long term.
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4412
ali je sustav koji efektivno ne može
dugoročno raditi.
dugoročno raditi.
11:50
And I realized we've been perfecting
what's effectively a linear economy
what's effectively a linear economy
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3761
Shvatila sam da smo usavršavali
ono što je efektivno linearna ekonomija
ono što je efektivno linearna ekonomija
11:54
for 150 years,
236
702469
1870
150 godina,
11:56
where we take a material
out of the ground,
out of the ground,
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2031
gdje uzmemo materijal iz tla,
11:58
we make something out of it,
and then ultimately
and then ultimately
238
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2508
nešto napravimo s njim,
i konačno
i konačno
12:00
that product gets thrown away,
and yes, we do recycle some of it,
and yes, we do recycle some of it,
239
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3274
taj proizvod bude bačen,
i da, nešto od toga recikliramo,
i da, nešto od toga recikliramo,
12:04
but more an attempt to get out
what we can at the end,
what we can at the end,
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2995
no više u pokušaju da izvučemo
što možemo iz toga,
što možemo iz toga,
12:07
not by design.
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2206
ne po dizajnu.
12:09
It's an economy that fundamentally
can't run in the long term,
can't run in the long term,
242
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3204
To je ekonomija koja fundamentalno
ne može raditi dugoročno,
ne može raditi dugoročno,
12:12
and if we know that we
have finite materials,
have finite materials,
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720557
3033
i ako znamo da imamo ograničene
materijale,
materijale,
12:15
why would we build an economy
that would effectively use things up,
that would effectively use things up,
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3329
zašto onda gradimo ekonomiju koja
koristi stvari,
koristi stvari,
12:18
that would create waste?
245
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1858
koja stvara otpad?
12:20
Life itself has existed
for billions of years
for billions of years
246
728777
2925
Život sam po sebi postoji
već milijarde godina
već milijarde godina
12:23
and has continually adapted
to use materials effectively.
to use materials effectively.
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3622
i kontinurano se prilagođava
učinkovitom korištenju materijala.
učinkovitom korištenju materijala.
12:27
It's a complex system,
but within it, there is no waste.
but within it, there is no waste.
248
735324
3321
To je složen sustav,
no unutar njega, nema otpada.
no unutar njega, nema otpada.
12:30
Everything is metabolized.
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2229
Sve se metabolizira.
12:33
It's not a linear economy
at all, but circular.
at all, but circular.
250
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3539
To nije linearna ekonomija uopće,
već kružna.
već kružna.
12:37
And I felt like the child in the garden.
251
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2997
Osjećala sam se kao dijete u vrtu.
12:40
For the first time on this new journey,
I could see exactly where we were headed.
I could see exactly where we were headed.
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4667
Po prvi puta na ovom novom putu, mogla
sam vidjeti gdje smo se točno uputili.
sam vidjeti gdje smo se točno uputili.
12:45
If we could build an economy that would
use things rather than use them up,
use things rather than use them up,
253
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3784
Kad bi mogli stvoriti ekonomiju koja bi
koristila stvari, umjesto da ih iskorištava,
koristila stvari, umjesto da ih iskorištava,
12:49
we could build a future that really
could work in the long term.
could work in the long term.
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3228
mogli bismo stvoriti budućnost koja bi
dugoročno funkcionirala.
dugoročno funkcionirala.
12:52
I was excited.
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1904
Bila sam uzbuđena.
12:54
This was something to work towards.
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Ovo je bilo nešto na čemu treba raditi.
12:56
We knew exactly where we were headed.
We just had to work out how to get there,
We just had to work out how to get there,
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Znamo točno gdje smo se uputili.
Moramo samo smisliti kako da dođemo tamo,
Moramo samo smisliti kako da dođemo tamo,
13:00
and it was exactly with this in mind
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i sa tim na umu
13:02
that we created the Ellen MacArthur
Foundation in September 2010.
Foundation in September 2010.
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smo stvorili zakladu Ellen MacArthur
u rujnu 2010. godine.
u rujnu 2010. godine.
13:07
Many schools of thought fed our thinking
and pointed to this model:
and pointed to this model:
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Mnoge škole mišljenja su podržale naše
razmišljanje i uputile na taj model:
razmišljanje i uputile na taj model:
13:11
industrial symbiosis, performance economy,
sharing economy, biomimicry,
sharing economy, biomimicry,
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industrijska simbioza, ekonomija izvedbe,
ekonomija dijeljenja, biomimikrija,
ekonomija dijeljenja, biomimikrija,
13:15
and of course, cradle-to-cradle design.
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i naravno, dizajn podloga-do-podloge.
13:18
Materials would be defined
as either technical or biological,
as either technical or biological,
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Materijali bi bili definirani ili kao tehnički,
ili kao biološki,
ili kao biološki,
13:22
waste would be designed out entirely,
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otpad bi bio potpuno dizajniran,
13:25
and we would have a system
that could function
that could function
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i imali bi sustav koji bi
funkcionirao
funkcionirao
13:28
absolutely in the long term.
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u potpunosti dugoročno.
13:30
So what could this economy look like?
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Dakle, kako bi ova ekonomija mogla
izgledati?
izgledati?
13:33
Maybe we wouldn't buy light fittings,
but we'd pay for the service of light,
but we'd pay for the service of light,
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Možda ne bi plaćali kućišta za svjetlo,
ali bi ipak plaćali uslugu svjetla,
ali bi ipak plaćali uslugu svjetla,
13:37
and the manufacturers
would recover the materials
would recover the materials
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a proizvođači bi mogli nadoknaditi
materijale
materijale
13:39
and change the light fittings
when we had more efficient products.
when we had more efficient products.
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i promijeniti kućišta za svjetlo kad
bi imali učinkovitije proizvode.
bi imali učinkovitije proizvode.
13:42
What if packaging was so nontoxic
it could dissolve in water
it could dissolve in water
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Što ako pakiranje ne bi bilo toksično
nego razgradivo u vodi
nego razgradivo u vodi
13:45
and we could ultimately drink it?
It would never become waste.
It would never become waste.
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koju konačno možemo piti?
Nikad ne bi postala otpad.
Nikad ne bi postala otpad.
13:49
What if engines were re-manufacturable,
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Što kad bi motori bili ponovno
upotrebljivi,
upotrebljivi,
13:51
and we could recover
the component materials
the component materials
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i kad bismo mogli oporaviti materijale
pojedinih komponenata
pojedinih komponenata
13:53
and significantly reduce energy demand.
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i znatno smanjiti energetsku potražnju.
13:55
What if we could recover components
from circuit boards, reutilize them,
from circuit boards, reutilize them,
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Što kad bismo mogli oporaviti komponente
strujnih krugova, ponovno ih koristiti,
strujnih krugova, ponovno ih koristiti,
13:59
and then fundamentally recover
the materials within them
the materials within them
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i u osnovi, izvući materijale iz njih
14:01
through a second stage?
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u drugom stupnju?
14:03
What if we could collect
food waste, human waste?
food waste, human waste?
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Što kad bismo skupljali otpatke hranu,
ljudski otpad?
ljudski otpad?
14:05
What if we could turn that
into fertilizer, heat, energy,
into fertilizer, heat, energy,
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Što kad bismo to mogli pretvoriti u
gnojiva, toplinu, energiju,
gnojiva, toplinu, energiju,
14:08
ultimately reconnecting nutrients systems
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konačno ponovno povezujući sustave
hranjivih tvari
hranjivih tvari
14:11
and rebuilding natural capital?
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i izgrađujući prirodni kapital?
14:14
And cars -- what we want
is to move around.
is to move around.
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I automobili -- ono što je želimo je
kretanje.
kretanje.
14:17
We don't need to own
the materials within them.
the materials within them.
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Ne trebamo posjedovati vlastite materijale
za to.
za to.
14:20
Could cars become a service
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Mogu li automobili postati usluga
14:21
and provide us with
mobility in the future?
mobility in the future?
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koja nam pruža mobilnost u
budućnosti?
budućnosti?
14:25
All of this sounds amazing, but these
aren't just ideas, they're real today,
aren't just ideas, they're real today,
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Sve ovo zvuči nevjerojatno, ali to nisu
samo ideje, nego i stvarnost,
samo ideje, nego i stvarnost,
14:29
and these lie at the forefront
of the circular economy.
of the circular economy.
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koja stoji u prvom planu
kružne ekonomije.
kružne ekonomije.
14:31
What lies before us is to expand them
and scale them up.
and scale them up.
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Na nama je da ih proširimo i
uvećamo.
uvećamo.
14:36
So how would you shift
from linear to circular?
from linear to circular?
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Kako biste se prebacili sa linearnog u
kružno?
kružno?
14:39
Well, the team and I at the foundation
thought you might want to work
thought you might want to work
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Dakle, tim i ja iz zadruge smo mislili da
biste htjeli raditi
biste htjeli raditi
14:43
with the top universities in the world,
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sa najboljim sveučilištima na svijetu,
14:45
with leading businesses within the world,
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sa vodećim tvrtkama na svijetu,
14:47
with the biggest convening
platforms in the world,
platforms in the world,
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sa najvećim platformama za okupljanje
na svijetu,
na svijetu,
14:49
and with governments.
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1002
i sa vladama.
14:50
We thought you might want
to work with the best analysts
to work with the best analysts
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Mislimo da biste željeli raditi sa
najboljim analitičarima
najboljim analitičarima
14:53
and ask them the question,
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i pitati ih pitanje,
14:54
"Can the circular economy decouple
growth from resource constraints?
growth from resource constraints?
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"Može li kružna ekonomija odvojiti
razvoj od ograničenja resursa?
razvoj od ograničenja resursa?
14:57
Is the circular economy able
to rebuild natural capital?
to rebuild natural capital?
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Može li kružna ekonomija ponovno
sagraditi prirodni kapital?
sagraditi prirodni kapital?
15:01
Could the circular economy
replace current chemical fertilizer use?"
replace current chemical fertilizer use?"
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Može li kružna ekonomija zamijeniti
trenutno korištenje kemijskih gnojiva?"
trenutno korištenje kemijskih gnojiva?"
15:04
Yes was the answer to the decoupling,
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Da je odgovor na razdvajanje,
15:07
but also yes, we could replace
current fertilizer use
current fertilizer use
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također, da, možemo zamjeniti trenutno
korištenje gnojiva
korištenje gnojiva
15:10
by a staggering 2.7 times.
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zapanjujućih 2.7 puta.
15:14
But what inspired me most
about the circular economy
about the circular economy
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Ono što me najviše nadahnulo
kod kružne ekonomije
kod kružne ekonomije
15:17
was its ability to inspire young people.
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je sposobnost da nadahne mlade ljude.
15:20
When young people see the economy
through a circular lens,
through a circular lens,
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Kada mladi ljudi vide ekonomiju
kao kružnu,
kao kružnu,
15:23
they see brand new opportunities
on exactly the same horizon.
on exactly the same horizon.
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vide posve nove mogućnosti
na potpuno istom horizontu.
na potpuno istom horizontu.
15:28
They can use their creativity
and knowledge
and knowledge
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Mogu koristiti svoju kreativnost
i znanje
i znanje
15:31
to rebuild the entire system,
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2387
da ponovno izgrade cijeli sustav,
15:33
and it's there for the taking right now,
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i to je tu, za uzimanje upravo sada,
15:35
and the faster we do this, the better.
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i što brže to napravimo, tim bolje.
15:38
So could we achieve this
in their lifetimes?
in their lifetimes?
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Dakle, možemo li to ostvariti
u njihovom životnom vijeku?
u njihovom životnom vijeku?
15:41
Is it actually possible?
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2136
Je li to uopće moguće?
15:43
I believe yes.
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Ja vjerujem da jest.
15:45
When you look at the lifetime of
my great-grandfather, anything's possible.
my great-grandfather, anything's possible.
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933105
3839
Kada pogledate životni vijek mog
pradjeda, sve je moguće.
pradjeda, sve je moguće.
15:49
When he was born, there were only
25 cars in the world;
25 cars in the world;
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3736
U vrijeme kad se on rodio, na svijetu je
bilo samo 25 automobila;
bilo samo 25 automobila;
15:53
they had only just been invented.
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2430
tek su bili izmišljeni.
15:55
When he was 14, we flew
for the first time in history.
for the first time in history.
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3931
Kad je imao 14 godina, prvi puta u
povijesti smo letjeli.
povijesti smo letjeli.
15:59
Now there are 100,000 charter flights
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2489
Sada postoji 100 000 letova
16:02
every single day.
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svaki dan.
16:04
When he was 45, we built
the first computer.
the first computer.
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Kad je imao 45 godina, napravili smo
prvo računalo.
prvo računalo.
16:08
Many said it wouldn't catch on,
but it did, and just 20 years later
but it did, and just 20 years later
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Mnogi su rekli da neće uspjeti,
no uspio je, i samo 20 godina poslije
no uspio je, i samo 20 godina poslije
16:11
we turned it into a microchip
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2021
pretvorili smo ga u mikročip
16:13
of which there will be thousands
in this room here today.
in this room here today.
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kojih ima na tisuće samo u ovoj
prostoriji danas.
prostoriji danas.
16:17
Ten years before he died,
we built the first mobile phone.
we built the first mobile phone.
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Deset godina prije nego je umro,
izumili smo prvi mobitel.
izumili smo prvi mobitel.
16:20
It wasn't that mobile, to be fair,
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968359
1974
Nije bio tako prijenosan,
da budemo iskreni,
da budemo iskreni,
16:22
but now it really is,
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970333
1974
no, danas zaista je,
16:24
and as my great-grandfather
left this Earth, the Internet arrived.
left this Earth, the Internet arrived.
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972307
3970
i kako je moj pradjed napuštao
Zemlju, pojavio se Internet.
Zemlju, pojavio se Internet.
16:28
Now we can do anything,
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2113
Sada možemo sve,
16:30
but more importantly,
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no, bitnije,
16:31
now we have a plan.
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2315
sada imamo plan.
16:33
Thank you.
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981985
2005
Hvala vam!
16:36
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dame Ellen MacArthur - Circular economy advocateAfter setting a record for sailing around the world, Dame Ellen MacArthur has turned her attention toward creating a more "circular" economy -- where resources and power recirculate and regenerate.
Why you should listen
It's a tradition among British citizens: If you circumnavigate the globe by sail, you'll earn royal honors. Ellen MacArthur was made a dame in 2005 after the fastest solo sail around the world. But when you sail alone around the world, things come into focus. Dame Ellen, at the top of her sailing career, had become acutely aware of the finite nature of the resources our linear economy relies on.
In 2010, she launched the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, which works with education and business to accelerate the transition to a regenerative circular economy. She also runs the Ellen MacArthur Cancer Trust, using sailing to build confidence for kids following cancer treatment.
Dame Ellen MacArthur | Speaker | TED.com