TED2016
Adam Grant: The surprising habits of original thinkers
Adam Grant: Neobične navike originalnih mislilaca
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Kako kreativni ljudi dođu do odličnih ideja? Organizacijski psiholog Adam Grant proučava "originalce": mislioce koji smišljaju nove ideje i potrude se da ih ostvare. U ovom govoru saznajte tri neočekivane navike originalaca, uključujući prihvaćanje neuspjeha. "Najbolji originalci su oni koji najviše podbacuju jer su to i oni koji se najviše trude", kaže Grant. "Treba vam mnogo loših ideja da dođete do nekoliko dobrih".
Adam Grant - Organizational psychologist
After years of studying the dynamics of success and productivity in the workplace, Adam Grant discovered a powerful and often overlooked motivator: helping others. Full bio
After years of studying the dynamics of success and productivity in the workplace, Adam Grant discovered a powerful and often overlooked motivator: helping others. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Seven years ago, a student came to me
and asked me to invest in his company.
and asked me to invest in his company.
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Prije sedam godina jedan me student
pitao da uložim u njegovu tvrtku.
pitao da uložim u njegovu tvrtku.
00:17
He said, "I'm working with three friends,
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Rekao je: "Radim s tri prijatelja
00:19
and we're going to try to disrupt
an industry by selling stuff online."
an industry by selling stuff online."
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i pokušat ćemo promijeniti industriju
prodavajući stvari online."
prodavajući stvari online."
00:23
And I said, "OK, you guys spent
the whole summer on this, right?"
the whole summer on this, right?"
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Ja sam odgovorio: "OK, na tome
ste radili cijelo ljeto, zar ne?"
ste radili cijelo ljeto, zar ne?"
00:26
"No, we all took internships
just in case it doesn't work out."
just in case it doesn't work out."
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"Ne, odrađivali smo prakse
za slučaj da ovo ne upali."
za slučaj da ovo ne upali."
00:29
"All right, but you're going to
go in full time once you graduate."
go in full time once you graduate."
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"OK, ali kad diplomirate,
bavit ćete se time na puno radno vrijeme."
bavit ćete se time na puno radno vrijeme."
00:33
"Not exactly. We've all
lined up backup jobs."
lined up backup jobs."
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"I ne baš. Imamo rezervne opcije."
00:37
Six months go by,
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Prođe šest mjeseci,
00:38
it's the day before the company launches,
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tvrtka se treba pokrenuti idući dan,
00:40
and there is still
not a functioning website.
not a functioning website.
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a web stranica još uvijek ne radi.
00:43
"You guys realize,
the entire company is a website.
the entire company is a website.
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"Dečki, valjda shvaćate da je
stranica poanta tvrtke.
stranica poanta tvrtke.
00:45
That's literally all it is."
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Tvrtka JE stranica."
00:48
So I obviously declined to invest.
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Jasno, odbio sam uložiti.
00:53
And they ended up
naming the company Warby Parker.
naming the company Warby Parker.
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Na kraju su nazvali tvrtku Warby Parker.
00:55
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:57
They sell glasses online.
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Prodaju naočale online.
01:00
They were recently recognized
as the world's most innovative company
as the world's most innovative company
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Nedavno su dobili titulu
najinovativnije tvrtke na svijetu,
najinovativnije tvrtke na svijetu,
01:03
and valued at over a billion dollars.
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a vrijednost im je preko milijardu dolara.
01:05
And now? My wife handles our investments.
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A sada? Moja žena vodi naše investicije.
01:10
Why was I so wrong?
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Zašto sam bio toliko u krivu?
01:13
To find out, I've been studying people
that I come to call "originals."
that I come to call "originals."
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Kako bih otkrio, počeo sam
proučavati takozvane "originalce".
proučavati takozvane "originalce".
01:17
Originals are nonconformists,
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Originalci su nekonformisti,
01:19
people who not only have new ideas
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ljudi koji ne samo da imaju nove ideje,
01:21
but take action to champion them.
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nego i poduzimaju sve da ih ostvare.
01:23
They are people
who stand out and speak up.
who stand out and speak up.
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Ljudi koji se ističu i progovaraju.
01:26
Originals drive creativity
and change in the world.
and change in the world.
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Originalce pokreće kreativnost
i promjena u svijetu.
i promjena u svijetu.
01:29
They're the people you want to bet on.
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To su ljudi na koje se želiš kladiti.
01:31
And they look nothing like I expected.
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I uopće ne izgledaju kako sam mislio.
01:34
I want to show you today
three things I've learned
three things I've learned
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Želim vam pokazati
tri stvari koje sam naučio
tri stvari koje sam naučio
01:37
about recognizing originals
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o prepoznavanju originalaca
01:39
and becoming a little bit more like them.
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i kako im postati sličniji.
01:42
So the first reason
that I passed on Warby Parker
that I passed on Warby Parker
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Prvi razlog zašto sam odbio Warby Parker
01:45
was they were really slow
getting off the ground.
getting off the ground.
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je zato što im je trebalo
puno vremena da se pokrenu.
puno vremena da se pokrenu.
01:49
Now, you are all intimately familiar
with the mind of a procrastinator.
with the mind of a procrastinator.
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Svi ste blisko upoznati
s umom prokrastinatora.
s umom prokrastinatora.
01:54
Well, I have a confession for you.
I'm the opposite. I'm a precrastinator.
I'm the opposite. I'm a precrastinator.
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Pa, moram vam nešto priznati. Ja sam
upravo suprotno. Ja sam prekrastinator.
upravo suprotno. Ja sam prekrastinator.
02:00
Yes, that's an actual term.
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Da, taj termin postoji.
02:01
You know that panic you feel
a few hours before a big deadline
a few hours before a big deadline
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Znate onu paniku koju osjetite
nekoliko sati prije važnog roka
nekoliko sati prije važnog roka
02:04
when you haven't done anything yet.
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kad još niste ni započeli.
02:06
I just feel that
a few months ahead of time.
a few months ahead of time.
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Ja to osjetim mjesecima unaprijed.
02:09
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:11
So this started early: when I was a kid,
I took Nintendo games very seriously.
I took Nintendo games very seriously.
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To je rano počelo: kad sam bio dijete,
jako sam ozbiljno shvaćao Nintendo igrice.
jako sam ozbiljno shvaćao Nintendo igrice.
02:18
I would wake up at 5am,
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Probudio bih se u 5 ujutro
02:20
start playing and not stop
until I had mastered them.
until I had mastered them.
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i igrao bez prestanka
dok ih ne bih savladao.
dok ih ne bih savladao.
02:24
Eventually it got so out of hand
that a local newspaper came
that a local newspaper came
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Na kraju je to toliko izmaklo kontroli
da su u lokalnim novinama
da su u lokalnim novinama
02:27
and did a story on the dark side
of Nintendo, starring me.
of Nintendo, starring me.
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napisali priču o tamnoj strani Nintenda,
sa mnom u glavnoj ulozi.
sa mnom u glavnoj ulozi.
02:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:34
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
02:41
Since then, I have traded hair for teeth.
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Od tad sam zamijenio kosu za zube.
02:44
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:49
But this served me well in college,
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Ali, to mi je pomoglo tijekom faksa
02:52
because I finished my senior thesis
four months before the deadline.
four months before the deadline.
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jer sam završio diplomski rad
četiri mjeseca prije roka.
četiri mjeseca prije roka.
02:58
And I was proud of that,
until a few years ago.
until a few years ago.
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I time sam se ponosio,
do prije nekoliko godina.
do prije nekoliko godina.
03:01
I had a student named Jihae,
who came to me and said,
who came to me and said,
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Jihae, jedna od
mojih studentica, mi je rekla:
mojih studentica, mi je rekla:
03:05
"I have my most creative ideas
when I'm procrastinating."
when I'm procrastinating."
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"Najkreativnija sam kad prokrastiniram."
03:09
And I was like, "That's cute,
where are the four papers you owe me?"
where are the four papers you owe me?"
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Rekao sam joj: "Super, gdje su
četiri seminara koja mi duguješ?"
četiri seminara koja mi duguješ?"
03:12
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:13
No, she was one
of our most creative students,
of our most creative students,
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Ne, bila je među
najkreativnijim studenatima,
najkreativnijim studenatima,
03:15
and as an organizational psychologist,
this is the kind of idea that I test.
this is the kind of idea that I test.
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a ja kao organizacijski psiholog
ispitujem upravo takve zamisli.
ispitujem upravo takve zamisli.
03:20
So I challenged her to get some data.
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Izazvao sam je da prikupi podatke.
03:22
She goes into a bunch of companies.
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Otišla je u hrpu tvrtki.
03:23
She has people fill out surveys
about how often they procrastinate.
about how often they procrastinate.
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Dala je zaposlenicima upitnike
o tome koliko često prokrastiniraju.
o tome koliko često prokrastiniraju.
03:27
Then she gets their bosses to rate
how creative and innovative they are.
how creative and innovative they are.
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Zatim je pitala njihove šefove da ocijene
koliko su kreativni i inovativni.
koliko su kreativni i inovativni.
03:31
And sure enough,
the precrastinators like me,
the precrastinators like me,
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I uistinu, prekrastinatori poput mene,
03:33
who rush in and do everything early
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koji krenu i naprave sve na vrijeme,
03:35
are rated as less creative
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su ocijenjeni kao manje kreativni
03:37
than people who procrastinate moderately.
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od ljudi koji umjereno prokrastiniraju.
03:40
So I want to know what happens
to the chronic procrastinators.
to the chronic procrastinators.
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Zato me zanimalo što je s
kroničnim prokrastinatorima.
kroničnim prokrastinatorima.
03:43
She was like, "I don't know.
They didn't fill out my survey."
They didn't fill out my survey."
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Rekla je: "Ne znam,
oni nisu ispunili upitnik."
oni nisu ispunili upitnik."
03:46
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:49
No, here are our results.
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Ne, evo naših rezultata.
03:51
You actually do see that the people
who wait until the last minute
who wait until the last minute
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Uistinu vidite da su ljudi koji
čekaju do zadnjeg trena
čekaju do zadnjeg trena
03:55
are so busy goofing off
that they don't have any new ideas.
that they don't have any new ideas.
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toliko zauzeti gubljenjem vremena
da nemaju novih ideja.
da nemaju novih ideja.
04:00
And on the flip side,
the people who race in
the people who race in
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Suprotno od njih, ljudi koji žure
04:03
are in such a frenzy of anxiety that they
don't have original thoughts either.
don't have original thoughts either.
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su toliko nervozni da ni oni
nemaju originalnih ideja.
nemaju originalnih ideja.
04:09
There's a sweet spot
where originals seem to live.
where originals seem to live.
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Postoji idealna točka
u kojoj žive originalci.
u kojoj žive originalci.
04:13
Why is this?
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Zašto je to tako?
04:15
Maybe original people
just have bad work habits.
just have bad work habits.
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Možda originalci zapravo
imaju loše radne navike.
imaju loše radne navike.
04:18
Maybe procrastinating
does not cause creativity.
does not cause creativity.
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Možda prokrastinacija
ne potiče kreativnost.
ne potiče kreativnost.
04:22
To find out, we designed some experiments.
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Kako bismo to saznali,
proveli smo nekoliko pokusa.
proveli smo nekoliko pokusa.
04:25
We asked people
to generate new business ideas,
to generate new business ideas,
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Pitali smo ljude da smisle
nove poslovne ideje,
nove poslovne ideje,
04:28
and then we get independent readers
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a onda su zasebni čitatelji
04:30
to evaluate how creative
and useful they are.
and useful they are.
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procijenili koliko su korisne i kreativne.
04:33
And some of them are asked
to do the task right away.
to do the task right away.
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Neke od njih smo pitali da
odmah obave zadatak.
odmah obave zadatak.
04:36
Others we randomly assign
to procrastinate
to procrastinate
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Druge smo nasumice odabrali
da prokrastiniraju
da prokrastiniraju
04:39
by dangling Minesweeper in front of them
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postavljajući pred njih igricu Minesweeper
04:41
for either five or 10 minutes.
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na pet ili deset minuta.
04:43
And sure enough,
the moderate procrastinators
the moderate procrastinators
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I uistinu, umjereni prokrastinatori su
04:47
are 16 percent more creative
than the other two groups.
than the other two groups.
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16% kreativniji od druge dvije grupe.
04:51
Now, Minesweeper is awesome,
but it's not the driver of the effect,
but it's not the driver of the effect,
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Minesweeper je super igrica,
ali ne uzrokuje ona taj efekt,
ali ne uzrokuje ona taj efekt,
04:54
because if you play the game first
before you learn about the task,
before you learn about the task,
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jer ako igraš igricu prije
nego što saznaš za zadatak,
nego što saznaš za zadatak,
04:58
there's no creativity boost.
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nema povećanja kreativnosti.
04:59
It's only when you're told that you're
going to be working on this problem,
going to be working on this problem,
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Tek kad ti kažu da
ćeš raditi na tom zadatku,
ćeš raditi na tom zadatku,
05:03
and then you start procrastinating,
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i onda počneš prokrastinirati,
05:04
but the task is still active
in the back of your mind,
in the back of your mind,
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ali još uvijek imaš zadatak na pameti,
05:07
that you start to incubate.
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tek tada počneš promišljati.
05:09
Procrastination gives you time
to consider divergent ideas,
to consider divergent ideas,
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Prokrastiniranje ti daje vremena
da promisliš o raznim idejama,
da promisliš o raznim idejama,
05:12
to think in nonlinear ways,
to make unexpected leaps.
to make unexpected leaps.
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da misliš izvan okvira i
da stvaraš neočekivane poveznice.
da stvaraš neočekivane poveznice.
05:16
So just as we were finishing
these experiments,
these experiments,
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Taman kad smo
privodili kraju ove pokuse,
privodili kraju ove pokuse,
05:18
I was starting to write
a book about originals,
a book about originals,
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počeo sam pisati knjigu o originalcima
05:21
and I thought, "This is the perfect time
to teach myself to procrastinate,
to teach myself to procrastinate,
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te sam pomislio: "Ovo je idealna prilika
da se naučim kako prokrastinirati,
da se naučim kako prokrastinirati,
05:26
while writing a chapter
on procrastination."
on procrastination."
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dok pišem poglavlje o prokrastinaciji."
05:28
So I metaprocrastinated,
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Tako sam metaprokrastinirao,
05:32
and like any self-respecting
precrastinator,
precrastinator,
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te sam se, poput svakog
prekrastinatora koji drži do sebe,
prekrastinatora koji drži do sebe,
05:35
I woke up early the next morning
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probudio rano iduće jutro
05:37
and I made a to-do list
with steps on how to procrastinate.
with steps on how to procrastinate.
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i napravio popis koraka
kako prokrastinirati.
kako prokrastinirati.
05:39
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:43
And then I worked diligently
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Zatim sam marljivo radio
05:47
toward my goal of not making
progress toward my goal.
progress toward my goal.
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prema cilju da ne napredujem prema cilju.
05:52
I started writing
the procrastination chapter,
the procrastination chapter,
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Počeo sam pisati poglavlje
o prokrastinaciji
o prokrastinaciji
05:54
and one day -- I was halfway through --
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te sam jednog dana, nasred posla,
05:56
I literally put it away in mid-sentence
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ostavio poglavlje usred rečenice da
05:58
for months.
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tako stoji mjesecima.
05:59
It was agony.
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Bilo je grozno.
06:02
But when I came back to it,
I had all sorts of new ideas.
I had all sorts of new ideas.
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Ali, kad sam se vratio poglavlju,
bio sam prepun novih ideja.
bio sam prepun novih ideja.
06:06
As Aaron Sorkin put it,
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Kako bi Aaron Sorkin rekao:
06:07
"You call it procrastinating.
I call it thinking."
I call it thinking."
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"Vi to zovete prokrastinacijom,
ja to zovem razmišljanjem."
ja to zovem razmišljanjem."
06:12
And along the way I discovered
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Putem sam otkrio da
06:13
that a lot of great originals
in history were procrastinators.
in history were procrastinators.
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su mnogi od originalaca kroz povijest
zapravo bili prokrastinatori.
zapravo bili prokrastinatori.
06:17
Take Leonardo da Vinci.
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Leonardo da Vinci, na primjer.
06:19
He toiled on and off for 16 years
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Tijekom 16 godina mučio se
06:23
on the Mona Lisa.
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s Mona Lisom.
06:24
He felt like a failure.
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Osjećao se neuspješnim.
06:26
He wrote as much in his journal.
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Tako je zapisao u dnevnik.
06:30
But some of the diversions
he took in optics
he took in optics
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No, baveći se proučavanjem optike
kao vrstom razonode
kao vrstom razonode
06:32
transformed the way that he modeled light
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promijenio je način prikazivanja svjetla
06:34
and made him into a much better painter.
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te je postao boljim umjetnikom.
06:37
What about Martin Luther King, Jr.?
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Ili Martin Luther King mlađi.
06:40
The night before
the biggest speech of his life,
the biggest speech of his life,
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Noć prije najbitnijeg govora
u njegovom životu,
u njegovom životu,
06:42
the March on Washington,
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za Marš na Washington,
06:44
he was up past 3am, rewriting it.
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bio je budan do 3 ujutro, mijenjajući ga.
06:46
He's sitting in the audience
waiting for his turn to go onstage,
waiting for his turn to go onstage,
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Sjedi u publici, čeka
da izađe na pozornicu,
da izađe na pozornicu,
06:50
and he is still scribbling notes
and crossing out lines.
and crossing out lines.
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i još je uvijek dodaje i briše rečenice.
06:54
When he gets onstage, 11 minutes in,
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Nakon 11 minuta na pozornici,
06:56
he leaves his prepared remarks
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ostavlja bilješke koje je pripremio
06:58
to utter four words
that changed the course of history:
that changed the course of history:
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kako bi izgovorio riječi koje
su promijenile tijek povijesti:
su promijenile tijek povijesti:
07:01
"I have a dream."
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"I have a dream".
07:04
That was not in the script.
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To nije bilo u bilješkama.
07:07
By delaying the task of finalizing
the speech until the very last minute,
the speech until the very last minute,
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Odgađajući završavanje govora
do zadnjeg trenutka,
do zadnjeg trenutka,
07:11
he left himself open
to the widest range of possible ideas.
to the widest range of possible ideas.
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otvorio se najširoj lepezi
mogućih ideja.
mogućih ideja.
07:15
And because the text wasn't set in stone,
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Baš zato jer tekst nije
bio zacrtan unaprijed,
bio zacrtan unaprijed,
07:17
he had freedom to improvise.
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bio je slobodan improvizirati.
07:20
Procrastinating is a vice
when it comes to productivity,
when it comes to productivity,
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Prokrastinacija je porok
kad je u pitanje produktivnost,
kad je u pitanje produktivnost,
07:23
but it can be a virtue for creativity.
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ali može biti vrlina za kreativnost.
07:27
What you see with a lot of great originals
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Kod mnogih izvrsnih originalaca
07:29
is that they are quick to start
but they're slow to finish.
but they're slow to finish.
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može se primjetiti da lako započnu,
ali sporo završavaju zadatak.
ali sporo završavaju zadatak.
07:33
And this is what I missed
with Warby Parker.
with Warby Parker.
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To mi je promaklo s Warby Parkerom.
07:35
When they were dragging
their heels for six months,
their heels for six months,
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Kad su odugovlačili tijekom šest mjeseci,
07:38
I looked at them and said,
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pogledao sam ih i rekao:
07:40
"You know, a lot of other companies
are starting to sell glasses online."
are starting to sell glasses online."
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"Znate, dosta drugih tvrtki je započelo
s prodavanjem naočala online."
s prodavanjem naočala online."
07:43
They missed the first-mover advantage.
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Propustili su prednost prvog u igri.
07:46
But what I didn't realize was
they were spending all that time
they were spending all that time
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Ali, ono što ja nisam tad shvatio
je da su sve to vrijeme
je da su sve to vrijeme
07:49
trying to figure out how to get people
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pokušavali shvatiti kako da se ljudi
07:51
to be comfortable ordering glasses online.
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naviknu naručivati naočale online.
07:53
And it turns out the first-mover
advantage is mostly a myth.
advantage is mostly a myth.
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Na kraju ispada da je prednost
prvog igrača zapravo mit.
prvog igrača zapravo mit.
07:56
Look at a classic study
of over 50 product categories,
of over 50 product categories,
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Pogledajmo jedno klasično istraživanje
više od 50 proizvodnih kategorija,
više od 50 proizvodnih kategorija,
07:59
comparing the first movers
who created the market
who created the market
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uspoređujući prve igrače
koji su stvorili tržište
koji su stvorili tržište
08:02
with the improvers who introduced
something different and better.
something different and better.
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s unapređivačima koji su
došli s nečim novim i boljim.
došli s nečim novim i boljim.
08:06
What you see is that the first movers
had a failure rate of 47 percent,
had a failure rate of 47 percent,
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Vidljivo je da prvi igrači imaju
stopu neuspjeha od 47%,
stopu neuspjeha od 47%,
08:10
compared with only 8 percent
for the improvers.
for the improvers.
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dok unapređivači imaju samo 8%.
08:15
Look at Facebook,
waiting to build a social network
waiting to build a social network
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Pogledajte Facebook, koji je čekao da
08:17
until after Myspace and Friendster.
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izgradi društvenu mrežu nakon
Myspacea i Friendstera.
Myspacea i Friendstera.
08:21
Look at Google, waiting for years
after Altavista and Yahoo.
after Altavista and Yahoo.
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Pogledajte Google, godinama
nakon Altaviste i Yahooa.
nakon Altaviste i Yahooa.
08:24
It's much easier to improve
on somebody else's idea
on somebody else's idea
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Puno je lakše poboljšati nečiju ideju,
08:27
than it is to create
something new from scratch.
something new from scratch.
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nego stvoriti nešto od nule.
08:30
So the lesson I learned is that
to be original you don't have to be first.
to be original you don't have to be first.
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Iz toga sam naučio, da bi bio
originalan, ne moraš biti prvi.
originalan, ne moraš biti prvi.
08:35
You just have to be different and better.
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Moraš biti drugačiji i bolji.
08:38
But that wasn't the only reason
I passed on Warby Parker.
I passed on Warby Parker.
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Ali to nije jedini razlog zašto
sam odbio Warby Parker.
sam odbio Warby Parker.
08:41
They were also full of doubts.
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Oni su također bili sumnjičavi.
08:43
They had backup plans lined up,
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Imali su rezervne planove,
08:45
and that made me doubt
that they had the courage to be original,
that they had the courage to be original,
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i zbog toga sam posumnjao
da se usude biti originalni,
da se usude biti originalni,
08:49
because I expected that originals
would look something like this.
would look something like this.
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jer sam očekivao da će originalci
izgledati ovako nekako.
izgledati ovako nekako.
08:55
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:58
Now, on the surface,
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Na površini
09:00
a lot of original people look confident,
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1976
mnogo originalaca djeluje samopouzdano,
09:02
but behind the scenes,
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ali, iza te maske
09:03
they feel the same fear and doubt
that the rest of us do.
that the rest of us do.
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imaju jednake strahove i sumnje kao i mi.
09:06
They just manage it differently.
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Samo se drukčije s njima ophode.
09:08
Let me show you: this is a depiction
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Pokazat ću vam: ovo je prikaz kako
09:10
of how the creative process
works for most of us.
works for most of us.
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većini nas djeluje kreativni proces.
09:16
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:20
Now, in my research, I discovered
there are two different kinds of doubt.
there are two different kinds of doubt.
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Tijekom istraživanja otkrio sam da
postoje dvije vrste sumnje.
postoje dvije vrste sumnje.
09:23
There's self-doubt and idea doubt.
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Sumnja u samog sebe i u ideju.
09:25
Self-doubt is paralyzing.
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Sumnja u samog sebe te koči.
09:26
It leads you to freeze.
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Paralizira te.
09:28
But idea doubt is energizing.
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Ali, sumnja u ideju te pokreće.
09:30
It motivates you to test,
to experiment, to refine,
to experiment, to refine,
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Potiče te da ispituješ,
da eksperimentiraš, da poboljšavaš,
da eksperimentiraš, da poboljšavaš,
09:33
just like MLK did.
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kao što je Marthin Luther King napravio.
09:35
And so the key to being original
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Ključna značajka originalaca
09:38
is just a simple thing
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1736
je zapravo jako jednostavna:
09:40
of avoiding the leap
from step three to step four.
from step three to step four.
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poanta je izbjeći prijelaz
s trećeg na četvrtki korak.
s trećeg na četvrtki korak.
09:43
Instead of saying, "I'm crap,"
190
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Umjesto da kažete: "Ja sam sranje,"
09:45
you say, "The first few drafts
are always crap,
are always crap,
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recite: "Prvi pokušaji su uvijek sranje
09:48
and I'm just not there yet."
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1400
i još nisam na razini."
09:50
So how do you get there?
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Kako da dođete na razinu?
09:52
Well, there's a clue, it turns out,
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Čini se da postoje naznake u tome
09:54
in the Internet browser that you use.
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koji Internet preglednik koristite.
09:57
We can predict your job performance
and your commitment
and your commitment
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Možemo predvidjeti vaš
poslovni učinak i predanost
poslovni učinak i predanost
09:59
just by knowing what web browser you use.
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2840
prema Internet pregledniku koji koristite.
10:03
Now, some of you are not
going to like the results of this study --
going to like the results of this study --
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3176
Nekima od vas se neće svidjeti
rezultati ovog istraživanja,
rezultati ovog istraživanja,
10:06
(Laughter)
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1336
(Smijeh)
10:08
But there is good evidence
that Firefox and Chrome users
that Firefox and Chrome users
200
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ali, postoje dokazi da su
korisnici Firefoxa i Chromea
korisnici Firefoxa i Chromea
10:11
significantly outperform
Internet Explorer and Safari users.
Internet Explorer and Safari users.
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značajno učinkovitiji od
korisnika Internet Explorera i Safarija.
korisnika Internet Explorera i Safarija.
10:15
Yes.
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Da!
10:17
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
10:19
They also stay in their jobs
15 percent longer, by the way.
15 percent longer, by the way.
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Oni također ostaju 15% duže na poslu.
10:23
Why? It's not a technical advantage.
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Zašto? To nije tehnička prednost.
10:25
The four browser groups
on average have similar typing speed
on average have similar typing speed
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Sva četiri Internet preglednika
imaju sličnu prosječnu brzinu tipkanja
imaju sličnu prosječnu brzinu tipkanja
10:28
and they also have similar levels
of computer knowledge.
of computer knowledge.
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i imaju sličnu razinu
informatičkog znanja.
informatičkog znanja.
10:31
It's about how you got the browser.
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Stvar je u tome
kako ste dobili preglednik.
kako ste dobili preglednik.
10:34
Because if you use
Internet Explorer or Safari,
Internet Explorer or Safari,
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Jer ako koristite
Internet Explorer ili Safari,
Internet Explorer ili Safari,
10:36
those came preinstalled on your computer,
210
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2536
oni su već bili instalirani
na vašem računalu,
na vašem računalu,
10:39
and you accepted the default option
that was handed to you.
that was handed to you.
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a vi ste prihvatili zadanu opciju
koja vam je bila pružena.
koja vam je bila pružena.
10:42
If you wanted Firefox or Chrome,
you had to doubt the default
you had to doubt the default
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Ako ste htjeli Firefox ili Chrome,
znači da ste posumnjali
znači da ste posumnjali
10:45
and ask, is there
a different option out there,
a different option out there,
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u tu opciju i zapitali se
postoji li drugačija,
postoji li drugačija,
10:47
and then be a little resourceful
and download a new browser.
and download a new browser.
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a zatim ste morali biti snalažljivi
i preuzeti novi preglednik.
i preuzeti novi preglednik.
10:51
So people hear about this study
and they're like,
and they're like,
215
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2336
Ljudi, kad saznaju za
ovo istraživanje, kažu:
ovo istraživanje, kažu:
10:54
"Great, if I want to get better at my job,
I just need to upgrade my browser?"
I just need to upgrade my browser?"
216
642120
3696
Super, znači ako želim bit bolji na poslu
samo moram promijeniti preglednik?
samo moram promijeniti preglednik?
10:57
(Laughter)
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1016
(Smijeh)
10:58
No, it's about being the kind of person
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Ne, radi se o tome da budete tip osobe
11:01
who takes the initiative
to doubt the default
to doubt the default
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koja preuzima inicijativu
i sumnja u zadanu opciju
i sumnja u zadanu opciju
11:03
and look for a better option.
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2136
te traži bolju.
11:05
And if you do that well,
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Ako to dobro radite,
11:07
you will open yourself up
to the opposite of déjà vu.
to the opposite of déjà vu.
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otvorit ćete se prema nečemu
suprotnom od deja vua.
suprotnom od deja vua.
11:10
There's a name for it.
It's called vuja de.
It's called vuja de.
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3136
Postoji naziv za to.
Zove se vuja de.
Zove se vuja de.
11:13
(Laughter)
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2000
(Smijeh)
11:16
Vuja de is when you look at something
you've seen many times before
you've seen many times before
225
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3176
Vuja de je kad pogledate u nešto
što ste već mnogo puta vidjeli
što ste već mnogo puta vidjeli
11:20
and all of a sudden
see it with fresh eyes.
see it with fresh eyes.
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2760
i odjednom to vidite novim očima.
11:23
It's a screenwriter
who looks at a movie script
who looks at a movie script
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2616
Poput scenarista koji pogleda u scenarij
11:26
that can't get the green light
for more than half a century.
for more than half a century.
228
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2976
koji već pola stoljeća ne može
dobiti zeleno svijetlo.
dobiti zeleno svijetlo.
11:29
In every past version,
the main character has been an evil queen.
the main character has been an evil queen.
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U svakoj je verziji dosad
glavni lik bila zla kraljica.
glavni lik bila zla kraljica.
11:34
But Jennifer Lee starts to question
whether that makes sense.
whether that makes sense.
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682280
3136
Ali, Jennifer Lee počinje
preispitivati ima li to smisla.
preispitivati ima li to smisla.
11:37
She rewrites the first act,
231
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1456
I tako iznova napiše prvi čin,
11:38
reinvents the villain as a tortured hero
232
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2616
negativac postane izmučeni heroj,
11:41
and Frozen becomes
the most successful animated movie ever.
the most successful animated movie ever.
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2960
a Snježno kraljevstvo
najuspješniji animirani film ikad.
najuspješniji animirani film ikad.
11:45
So there's a simple message
from this story.
from this story.
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2096
Postoji jednostavna pouka iz ove priče.
11:47
When you feel doubt, don't let it go.
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2600
Kad posumnjaš, nemoj pustiti sve.
11:50
(Laughter)
236
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(Smijeh)
11:53
What about fear?
237
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A što je sa strahom?
11:55
Originals feel fear, too.
238
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1920
Originalci se također boje.
11:57
They're afraid of failing,
239
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1856
Strahuju od neuspjeha,
11:59
but what sets them apart
from the rest of us
from the rest of us
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ali ono po čemu se razlikuju od nas
12:01
is that they're even more
afraid of failing to try.
afraid of failing to try.
241
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2616
je što još više strahuju
o toga da ni ne pokušaju.
o toga da ni ne pokušaju.
12:04
They know you can fail
by starting a business that goes bankrupt
by starting a business that goes bankrupt
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Znaju da mogu podbaciti ako
pokrenu posao koji propadne
pokrenu posao koji propadne
12:07
or by failing to start a business at all.
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2440
ili ako uopće ne pokrenu posao.
12:10
They know that in the long run,
our biggest regrets are not our actions
our biggest regrets are not our actions
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3536
Znaju da na duge staze ne
žalimo zbog onog što smo učinili,
žalimo zbog onog što smo učinili,
12:14
but our inactions.
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već zbog onog što nismo.
12:15
The things we wish we could redo,
if you look at the science,
if you look at the science,
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2858
Stvari koje želimo promijeniti,
ako pogledate znanost,
ako pogledate znanost,
12:18
are the chances not taken.
247
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2200
su prilike koje nismo iskoristili.
12:21
Elon Musk told me recently,
he didn't expect Tesla to succeed.
he didn't expect Tesla to succeed.
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Elon Musk mi je nedavno rekao
da nije očekivao da će Tesla uspjeti.
da nije očekivao da će Tesla uspjeti.
12:25
He was sure the first few SpaceX launches
249
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Bio je siguran da prvih nekoliko
SpaceX-ovih lansiranja
SpaceX-ovih lansiranja
12:28
would fail to make it to orbit,
let alone get back,
let alone get back,
250
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neće ni doći u orbitu,
a kamo li se tek vratiti,
a kamo li se tek vratiti,
12:31
but it was too important not to try.
251
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2200
ali bilo je prevažno da ne bi ni pokušao.
12:34
And for so many of us,
when we have an important idea,
when we have an important idea,
252
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2536
A većina se nas,
kad imamo bitnu ideju,
kad imamo bitnu ideju,
12:36
we don't bother to try.
253
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ne potrudi ni pokušati.
12:38
But I have some good news for you.
254
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2056
Ali, imam dobre vijesti za vas.
12:41
You are not going to get judged
on your bad ideas.
on your bad ideas.
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2576
Nitko vas neće suditi
na temelju vaših loših ideja.
na temelju vaših loših ideja.
12:43
A lot of people think they will.
256
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Mnogo ljudi misli da hoće.
12:45
If you look across industries
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Ako pogledate po raznim granama
12:46
and ask people about their biggest idea,
their most important suggestion,
their most important suggestion,
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i upitate ljude za njihove
najveće ideje, najbitnije prijedloge,
najveće ideje, najbitnije prijedloge,
12:50
85 percent of them stayed silent
instead of speaking up.
instead of speaking up.
259
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3840
85% njih će ostati šutjeti
umjesto da progovore.
umjesto da progovore.
12:55
They were afraid of embarrassing
themselves, of looking stupid.
themselves, of looking stupid.
260
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3416
Strahuju da će osramotiti,
da će ispasti glupo.
da će ispasti glupo.
12:58
But guess what? Originals
have lots and lots of bad ideas,
have lots and lots of bad ideas,
261
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3416
Ali, pogodite što? Originalci imaju
hrpu loših ideja,
hrpu loših ideja,
13:02
tons of them, in fact.
262
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stvarno tonu loših ideja.
13:04
Take the guy who invented this.
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Čovjek koji je izumio ovo, na primjer.
13:07
Do you care that he came up
with a talking doll so creepy
with a talking doll so creepy
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Je li vam bitno da je izumio
lutku koja govori
lutku koja govori
13:10
that it scared not only kids
but adults, too?
but adults, too?
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2400
koja je toliko jeziva
da straši i djecu i odrasle?
da straši i djecu i odrasle?
13:13
No. You celebrate Thomas Edison
for pioneering the light bulb.
for pioneering the light bulb.
266
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4336
Ne. Veličate Thomasa Edisona
jer je izumio žarulju.
jer je izumio žarulju.
13:18
(Laughter)
267
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(Smijeh)
13:20
If you look across fields,
268
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2416
Ako pogledate po raznim granama,
13:23
the greatest originals
are the ones who fail the most,
are the ones who fail the most,
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najveći originalci su oni
koji najviše podbacuju,
koji najviše podbacuju,
13:26
because they're the ones who try the most.
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jer se oni i najviše trude.
13:28
Take classical composers,
the best of the best.
the best of the best.
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Kao klasični skladatelji, na primjer,
najbolji od najboljih.
najbolji od najboljih.
13:31
Why do some of them get more pages
in encyclopedias than others
in encyclopedias than others
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Zašto se nekima posveti
više stranica u encikolopediji od drugih
više stranica u encikolopediji od drugih
13:34
and also have their compositions
rerecorded more times?
rerecorded more times?
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te se njihove skladbe
opet i iznova snimaju?
opet i iznova snimaju?
13:38
One of the best predictors
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Jedan od pokazatelja
13:39
is the sheer volume
of compositions that they generate.
of compositions that they generate.
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je sam opus koji proizvedu.
13:43
The more output you churn out,
the more variety you get
the more variety you get
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Što više toga proizvedete,
to je veća raznolikost
to je veća raznolikost
13:46
and the better your chances
of stumbling on something truly original.
of stumbling on something truly original.
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i veće su šanse da nabasate
na nešto uistinu originalno.
na nešto uistinu originalno.
13:50
Even the three icons of classical music --
Bach, Beethoven, Mozart --
Bach, Beethoven, Mozart --
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Čak su i tri ikone klasične glazbe,
Bach, Beethoven, Mozart
Bach, Beethoven, Mozart
13:54
had to generate hundreds
and hundreds of compositions
and hundreds of compositions
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morale proizvesti
stotine i stotine skladbi
stotine i stotine skladbi
13:57
to come up with a much smaller
number of masterpieces.
number of masterpieces.
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kako bi došle do mnogo
manjeg broja remek-djela.
manjeg broja remek-djela.
14:01
Now, you may be wondering,
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Možda se sad pitate
14:03
how did this guy become great
without doing a whole lot?
without doing a whole lot?
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kako je ovaj tip postao velikan
a da se i nije baš toliko potrudio?
a da se i nije baš toliko potrudio?
14:07
I don't know how Wagner pulled that off.
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Nemam pojma kako je Wagneru to uspjelo.
14:10
But for most of us,
if we want to be more original,
if we want to be more original,
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Ali, za većinu nas,
ako želimo biti originalni,
ako želimo biti originalni,
14:13
we have to generate more ideas.
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moramo stvoriti više ideja.
14:16
The Warby Parker founders, when they
were trying to name their company,
were trying to name their company,
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Dok su smišljali ime za tvrtku,
osnivatelji Warby Parkera
osnivatelji Warby Parkera
14:20
they needed something sophisticated,
unique, with no negative associations
unique, with no negative associations
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tražili su nešto profinjeno,
jedinstveno, bez negativnih konotacija
jedinstveno, bez negativnih konotacija
14:23
to build a retail brand,
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za maloprodajnu marku
14:25
and they tested over 2,000 possibilities
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te su testirali preko 2000 mogućnosti
14:27
before they finally put together
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prije nego su konačno sastavili
14:29
Warby and Parker.
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Warby i Parker.
14:32
So if you put all this together,
what you see is that originals
what you see is that originals
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Kad sve to zbrojite, postane
vam jasno da originalci
vam jasno da originalci
14:35
are not that different
from the rest of us.
from the rest of us.
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i nisu toliko različiti od nas.
14:37
They feel fear and doubt.
They procrastinate.
They procrastinate.
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Strahuju i sumnjaju.
Prokrastiniraju.
Prokrastiniraju.
14:40
They have bad ideas.
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Imaju loše ideje.
14:42
And sometimes, it's not in spite
of those qualities but because of them
of those qualities but because of them
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I ponekad, upravo zbog tih kvaliteta,
a ne njima unatoč,
a ne njima unatoč,
14:46
that they succeed.
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oni uspiju.
14:48
So when you see those things,
don't make the same mistake I did.
don't make the same mistake I did.
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Dakle, kad uočite te stvari,
nemojte ponoviti moju pogrešku.
nemojte ponoviti moju pogrešku.
14:51
Don't write them off.
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Nemojte ih otpisati.
14:52
And when that's you,
don't count yourself out either.
don't count yourself out either.
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Nemojte otpisati ni sebe
kada je o vama riječ.
kada je o vama riječ.
14:55
Know that being quick to start
but slow to finish
but slow to finish
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Znajte da brzim započinjanjem,
a sporim završavanjem
a sporim završavanjem
14:57
can boost your creativity,
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možete poboljšati kreativnost,
14:59
that you can motivate yourself
by doubting your ideas
by doubting your ideas
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da se možete motivirati
sumnjajući u svoje ideje
sumnjajući u svoje ideje
15:02
and embracing the fear of failing to try,
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i prihvaćajući strah od neuspjeha,
15:04
and that you need a lot of bad ideas
in order to get a few good ones.
in order to get a few good ones.
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te da trebate mnogo loših ideja
da biste došli do nekoliko dobrih.
da biste došli do nekoliko dobrih.
15:08
Look, being original is not easy,
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Da, nije tako lako biti originalan,
15:11
but I have no doubt about this:
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ali uopće ne sumnjam
15:13
it's the best way
to improve the world around us.
to improve the world around us.
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da je to najbolji način da
poboljšamo svijet oko nas.
poboljšamo svijet oko nas.
15:16
Thank you.
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Hvala.
15:17
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam Grant - Organizational psychologistAfter years of studying the dynamics of success and productivity in the workplace, Adam Grant discovered a powerful and often overlooked motivator: helping others.
Why you should listen
In his groundbreaking book Give and Take, top-rated Wharton professor Adam Grant upended decades of conventional motivational thinking with the thesis that giving unselfishly to colleagues or clients can lead to one’s own long-term success. Grant’s research has led hundreds of advice seekers (and HR departments) to his doorstep, and it’s changing the way leaders view their workforces.
Grant's book Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World examines how unconventional thinkers overturn the status quo and champion game-changing ideas.
Grant is the host of the TED original podcast WorkLife, taking us inside unconventional workplaces to explore the ideas we can all use to make work more meaningful and creative.
Adam Grant | Speaker | TED.com