TED2008
Dean Ornish: Your genes are not your fate
I geni non sono il nostro destino: Dean Ornish@TED
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Il Dott. Dean Ornish mostra nuove ricerche che dimostrano come un nuovo stile di vita possa cambiare perfino la genetica di una persona. Per fare un esempio, quando viviamo in modo più sano, ci teniamo in esercizio e amiamo di più, le cellule cerebrali crescono di numero.
Dean Ornish - Physician, author
Dean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes. Full bio
Dean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
One way to change our genes is to make new ones,
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Un modo di cambiare i nostri geni è quello di crearne di nuovi,
00:14
as Craig Venter has so elegantly shown.
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come Craig Venter ha mostrato tanto elegantemente.
00:16
Another is to change our lifestyles.
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Un altro sta nel cambiare i nostri stili di vita.
00:19
And what we're learning is how powerful and dynamic these changes can be,
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Stiamo imparando quanto potenti e dinamici possano essere questi cambiamenti.
00:23
that you don't have to wait very long to see the benefits.
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Non dobbiamo aspettare a lungo per vederne i benefici.
00:26
When you eat healthier, manage stress, exercise and love more,
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Se mangiamo in modo più sano, gestiamo lo stress, ci teniamo in esercizio e amiamo di più.
00:31
your brain actually gets more blood flow and more oxygen.
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Il cervello ottiene in effetti un maggiore flusso sanguigno e più ossigeno.
00:33
But more than that, your brain gets measurably bigger.
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Inoltre, aumenta notevolmente di volume.
00:36
Things that were thought impossible just a few years ago
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Cose che pensavamo impossibili solo qualche anno fa
00:38
can actually be measured now.
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ora si possono misurare.
00:40
This was figured out by Robin Williams
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Questo l'ha scoperto Robin Williams
00:43
a few years before the rest of us.
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qualche anno prima di tutti noi.
00:45
Now, there's some things that you can do
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Ora, ci sono alcune cose che possiamo fare
00:47
to make your brain grow new brain cells.
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perché il cervello sviluppi nuove cellule cerebrali.
00:50
Some of my favorite things, like chocolate and tea, blueberries,
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Alcune dei miei cibi preferiti, come la cioccolata, il tè, i mirtilli,
00:52
alcohol in moderation, stress management
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alcool in moderazione, la gestione dello stress
00:56
and cannabinoids found in marijuana.
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e i cannabinoidi della marijuana...
00:58
I'm just the messenger.
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lo dico a titolo informativo...
01:01
(Laughter)
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(Risate)
01:04
What were we just talking about?
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Di cosa parlavamo?
01:07
(Laughter)
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(Risate)
01:09
And other things that can make it worse,
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E poi ci sono altre cose che peggiorano la situazione,
01:11
that can cause you to lose brain cells.
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causando una riduzione delle cellule cerebrali:
01:13
The usual suspects, like saturated fat and sugar,
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sono i soliti sospetti, gli zuccheri, i grassi saturi,
01:16
nicotine, opiates, cocaine, too much alcohol and chronic stress.
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nicotina, oppiacei, cocaina, troppo alcol e stress cronico.
01:20
Your skin gets more blood flow when you change your lifestyle,
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Cambiando stile di vita, la pelle riceve più sangue,
01:23
so you age less quickly. Your skin doesn't wrinkle as much.
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pertanto invecchi più lentamente, si formano meno rughe
01:26
Your heart gets more blood flow.
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e il cuore riceve più sangue.
01:28
We've shown that you can actually reverse heart disease.
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Abbiamo mostrato che si può guarire dalle malattie cardiache.
01:30
That these clogged arteries that you see on the upper left,
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Che queste arterie ostruite che vedete in alto a sinistra,
01:33
after only a year become measurably less clogged.
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dopo un solo anno risultano notevolmente più libere.
01:35
And the cardiac PET scan shown on the lower left,
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E nello scan cardiaco, il blu in basso a sinistra
01:37
the blue means no blood flow.
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significa assenza di flusso sanguigno.
01:39
A year later -- orange and white is maximum blood flow.
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Un anno dopo, arancione e bianco mostrano il massimo flusso sanguigno.
01:42
We've shown you may be able to stop and reverse the progression
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Abbiamo mostrato che potreste essere in grado di fermare, o invertire, la progressione
01:45
of early prostate cancer and, by extension, breast cancer,
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delle prime fasi del cancro alla prostata, e per estensione, del cancro al seno,
01:47
simply by making these changes.
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semplicemente operando questi cambiamenti.
01:49
We've found that tumor growth in vitro was inhibited
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Abbiamo scoperto che la crescita in vitro del tumore è stata inibita
01:52
70 percent in the group that made these changes,
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nel 70% del gruppo che ha fatto questi cambiamenti,
01:54
whereas only nine percent in the comparison group.
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contro il 9% del gruppo di paragone.
01:57
These differences were highly significant.
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Queste differenze sono molto significative.
01:59
Even your sexual organs get more blood flow,
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Anche i vostri organi sessuali ricevono maggior flusso sanguigno,
02:01
so you increase sexual potency.
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aumentando la vostra potenza sessuale.
02:03
One of the most effective anti-smoking ads was done
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Uno degli spot antifumo più efficaci fu realizzato
02:05
by the Department of Health Services,
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dal Department of Health Service
02:07
showing that nicotine, which constricts your arteries,
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e mostra che la nicotina, che restringe le arterie,
02:09
can cause a heart attack or a stroke,
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può causare non solo un ictus o un infarto,
02:11
but it also causes impotence.
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ma anche l'impotenza.
02:13
Half of guys who smoke are impotent.
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Metà dei fumatori sono impotenti
02:15
How sexy is that?
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Sexy, vero?
02:16
Now we're also about to publish a study --
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E stiamo inoltre per pubblicare uno studio che dimostra
02:18
the first study showing you can change gene expression in men with prostate cancer.
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come si possa cambiare l'espressione dei geni negli uomini col cancro alla prostata:
02:21
This is what's called a heat map --
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questa è una mappa termica
02:23
and the different colors -- and along the side, on the right, are different genes.
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e i diversi colori sul lato destro rappresentano i diversi geni.
02:26
And we found that over 500 genes were favorably changed --
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E abbiamo constatato che oltre 500 geni sono stati cambiati in meglio.
02:29
in effect, turning on the good genes, the disease-preventing genes,
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In effetti sono stati attivati i geni buoni, che prevengono le malattie,
02:32
turning off the disease-promoting genes.
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e disattivati quelli patogeni.
02:36
And so these findings I think are really very powerful,
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Trovo quindi che queste scoperte siano davvero significative,
02:39
giving many people new hope and new choices.
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offrendo a molte persone nuove scelte e una nuova speranza.
02:41
And companies like Navigenics and DNA Direct and 23andMe,
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Aziende come Navigenix, 23andMe e DNA Direct,
02:46
that are giving you your genetic profiles,
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che sono in grado di stilare il nostro profilo genetico
02:49
are giving some people a sense of, "Gosh, well, what can I do about it?"
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danno ad alcune persone un senso di: "Mio Dio, come posso migliorare la situazione?".
02:52
Well, our genes are not our fate, and if we make these changes --
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I geni non sono il nostro destino, sono predisposizioni,
02:55
they're a predisposition -- but if we make bigger changes
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e se operiamo questi cambiamenti
02:57
than we might have made otherwise,
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che altrimenti non avremmo fatto,
02:59
we can actually change how our genes are expressed.
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potremo davvero cambiare il modo in cui i geni si esprimono.
03:02
Thank you.
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Grazie.
03:03
(Applause)
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(Applausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dean Ornish - Physician, authorDean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes.
Why you should listen
Dr. Dean Ornish wants you to live longer, and have more fun while you're at it. He's one of the leading voices in the medical community promoting a balanced, holistic approach to health, and proving that it works. The author of Eat More, Weigh Less and several other best-selling books, Ornish is best known for his lifestyle-based approach to fighting heart disease.
His research at the Preventive Medicine Research Institute (the nonprofit he founded) clinically demonstrated that cardiovascular illnesses -- and, most recently prostate cancer -- can be treated and even reversed through diet and exercise. These findings (once thought to be physiologically implausible) have been widely chronicled in the US media, including Newsweek, for which Ornish writes a column. The fifty-something physician, who's received many honors and awards, was chosen by LIFE Magazine as one of the most influential members of his generation. Among his many pursuits, Ornish is now working with food corporations to help stop America's obesity pandemic from spreading around the globe.
Dean Ornish | Speaker | TED.com