TED2008
Dean Ornish: Your genes are not your fate
Dīns Ornišs: Jūsu gēni nav jūsu liktenis
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Dīns Ornišs dalās ar jauna pētījuma rezultātiem, kas parāda, kā veselīga dzīvesveida paradumu pieņemšana var ietekmēt cilvēku ģenētiskā līmenī. Piemēram, viņš saka, ka, jums dzīvojot veselīgāk, ēdot veselīgāku ēdienu, vingrojot un vairāk mīlot, smadzeņu šūnu skaits patiešām palielinās.
Dean Ornish - Physician, author
Dean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes. Full bio
Dean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
One way to change our genes is to make new ones,
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Viens veids, kā izmainīt mūsu gēnus, ir izveidot jaunus;
00:14
as Craig Venter has so elegantly shown.
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to tik eleganti parādīja Kregs Venters.
00:16
Another is to change our lifestyles.
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Cits veids ir izmainīt mūsu dzīvesveidu.
00:19
And what we're learning is how powerful and dynamic these changes can be,
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Mēs pašlaik uzzinām, cik iespaidīgas un dinamiskas šīs izmaiņas var būt,
00:23
that you don't have to wait very long to see the benefits.
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ka jums nav ilgi jāgaida, lai ieraudzītu to nestos augļus.
00:26
When you eat healthier, manage stress, exercise and love more,
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Kad jūs ēdat veselīgāk, pārvaldāt stresu, vingrojat un vairāk mīlat,
00:31
your brain actually gets more blood flow and more oxygen.
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jūsu smadzenes patiešām saņem lielāku asins pieplūdi un vairāk skābekļa.
00:33
But more than that, your brain gets measurably bigger.
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Vēl vairāk, jūsu smadzenes kļūst izmērāmi lielākas.
00:36
Things that were thought impossible just a few years ago
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Lietas, kuras mēs uzskatījām par neiespējamām tikai pirms dažiem gadiem,
00:38
can actually be measured now.
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tagad var patiešām tikt izmērītas.
00:40
This was figured out by Robin Williams
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To saprata Robins Viljamss
00:43
a few years before the rest of us.
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dažus gadus pirms mums pārējiem.
00:45
Now, there's some things that you can do
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Ir šis tas, ko varat darīt,
00:47
to make your brain grow new brain cells.
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lai liktu savām smadzenēm audzēt jaunas smadzeņu šūnas.
00:50
Some of my favorite things, like chocolate and tea, blueberries,
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Dažas no manām mīļākajām lietām, kā šokolāde un tēja, mellenes,
00:52
alcohol in moderation, stress management
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alkohols nelielās devās, stresa pārvaldīšana
00:56
and cannabinoids found in marijuana.
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un kanaboīdi, kuri ir marihuānā.
00:58
I'm just the messenger.
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Es esmu tikai ziņnesis.
01:01
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
01:04
What were we just talking about?
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Par ko mēs runājām?
01:07
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
01:09
And other things that can make it worse,
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Un citas lietas, kuras var visu padarīt sliktāku,
01:11
that can cause you to lose brain cells.
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kuras var likt jums zaudēt smadzeņu šūnas.
01:13
The usual suspects, like saturated fat and sugar,
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Ierastie aizdomās turami kā piesātinātie tauki un cukurs,
01:16
nicotine, opiates, cocaine, too much alcohol and chronic stress.
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nikotīns, opiāti, kokaīns, pārlieku daudz alkohola un hronisks stress.
01:20
Your skin gets more blood flow when you change your lifestyle,
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Jūsu āda saņem lielāku asins pieplūdi, jums mainot savu dzīvesveidu.
01:23
so you age less quickly. Your skin doesn't wrinkle as much.
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Līdz ar to jūs novecojat lēnāk, jūsu āda tik daudz nekrunkojas.
01:26
Your heart gets more blood flow.
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Jūsu sirdij pieplūst vairāk asiņu.
01:28
We've shown that you can actually reverse heart disease.
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Mēs esam parādījuši, ka jūs patiešām varat izdziedēt sirds saslimšanas.
01:30
That these clogged arteries that you see on the upper left,
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Ka šīs aizsprostotās artērijas, kuras jūs redzat augšējā kreisajā attēlā,
01:33
after only a year become measurably less clogged.
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vien gada laikā kļūst izmērāmi mazāk aizsprostotas.
01:35
And the cardiac PET scan shown on the lower left,
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Un sirds PET skenera attēlā apakšējā kreisajā pusē
01:37
the blue means no blood flow.
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zilā krāsa nozīmē asins plūsmu.
01:39
A year later -- orange and white is maximum blood flow.
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Gadu vēlāk, oranžā un baltā krāsa ir maksimālā asins plūsma.
01:42
We've shown you may be able to stop and reverse the progression
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Mēs esam parādījušu, ka jūs spējat apturēt un pagriezt atpakaļ progresiju
01:45
of early prostate cancer and, by extension, breast cancer,
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pirmajām prostatas vēža stadijām un, piedevām, krūts vēzim,
01:47
simply by making these changes.
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vienkārši veicot šīs izmaiņas.
01:49
We've found that tumor growth in vitro was inhibited
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Mēs esam atklājuši, ka audzēju augšana in vitro tika apturēta
01:52
70 percent in the group that made these changes,
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70 procentiem no grupas, kura veica šīs izmaiņas,
01:54
whereas only nine percent in the comparison group.
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salīdzinājumā ar vien deviņiem procentiem kontrolgrupā.
01:57
These differences were highly significant.
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Šīs atšķirības bija ļoti nozīmīgas.
01:59
Even your sexual organs get more blood flow,
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Pat jūsu reproduktīvie orgāni saņem lielāku asins pieplūdi,
02:01
so you increase sexual potency.
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līdz ar to palielinot dzimumspēju.
02:03
One of the most effective anti-smoking ads was done
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Viena no visefektīvākajām pretsmēķēšanas reklāmām,
02:05
by the Department of Health Services,
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kuru izveidoja Veselības aprūpes departaments,
02:07
showing that nicotine, which constricts your arteries,
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parādīja, ka nikotīns, kas sašaurina jūsu artērijas,
02:09
can cause a heart attack or a stroke,
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var izraisīt sirdstrieku vai insultu,
02:11
but it also causes impotence.
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bet tas var arī radīt impotenci.
02:13
Half of guys who smoke are impotent.
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Puse no vīriešiem, kuri smēķē, ir impotenti.
02:15
How sexy is that?
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Vai tas ir seksīgi?
02:16
Now we're also about to publish a study --
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Mēs grasāmies arī publicēt pētījumu,
02:18
the first study showing you can change gene expression in men with prostate cancer.
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kas parāda, ka jūs varat izmainīt gēnu ekspresiju vīriešos ar prostatas vēzi.
02:21
This is what's called a heat map --
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Šo te sauc par karstuma karti.
02:23
and the different colors -- and along the side, on the right, are different genes.
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Dažādās krāsas un pa labi ir dažādi gēni.
02:26
And we found that over 500 genes were favorably changed --
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Mēs atklājām, ka vairāk nekā 500 gēnu bija izmainījušies uz labu,
02:29
in effect, turning on the good genes, the disease-preventing genes,
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tā rezultātā aktivizējot labos gēnus, gēnus, kuri novērš slimību,
02:32
turning off the disease-promoting genes.
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izslēdzot gēnus, kuri slimību veicina.
02:36
And so these findings I think are really very powerful,
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Manuprāt, šis atklājums ir patiešām ļoti nozīmīgs,
02:39
giving many people new hope and new choices.
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dodot daudziem cilvēkiem jaunu cerību un jaunas izvēles iespējas.
02:41
And companies like Navigenics and DNA Direct and 23andMe,
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Kompānijas kā Navigenix, DNA Direct un 23andMe,
02:46
that are giving you your genetic profiles,
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kuras izsniedz jums jūsu ģenētiskos profilus,
02:49
are giving some people a sense of, "Gosh, well, what can I do about it?"
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dažiem cilvēkiem dod sajūtu „Ak, Dievs, un ko es varu darīt šajā sakarā?”
02:52
Well, our genes are not our fate, and if we make these changes --
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Mūsu gēni nav mūsu liktenis, un ja mēs izdarām šīs izmaiņas,
02:55
they're a predisposition -- but if we make bigger changes
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tie ir nosliece, bet ja mēs izdarām lielākas izmaiņas,
02:57
than we might have made otherwise,
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nekā citādi būtu darījuši,
02:59
we can actually change how our genes are expressed.
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mēs patiešām varam mainīt to, kā izpaužas mūsu gēni.
03:02
Thank you.
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Paldies.
03:03
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dean Ornish - Physician, authorDean Ornish is a clinical professor at UCSF and founder of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute. He's a leading expert on fighting illness -- particularly heart disease with dietary and lifestyle changes.
Why you should listen
Dr. Dean Ornish wants you to live longer, and have more fun while you're at it. He's one of the leading voices in the medical community promoting a balanced, holistic approach to health, and proving that it works. The author of Eat More, Weigh Less and several other best-selling books, Ornish is best known for his lifestyle-based approach to fighting heart disease.
His research at the Preventive Medicine Research Institute (the nonprofit he founded) clinically demonstrated that cardiovascular illnesses -- and, most recently prostate cancer -- can be treated and even reversed through diet and exercise. These findings (once thought to be physiologically implausible) have been widely chronicled in the US media, including Newsweek, for which Ornish writes a column. The fifty-something physician, who's received many honors and awards, was chosen by LIFE Magazine as one of the most influential members of his generation. Among his many pursuits, Ornish is now working with food corporations to help stop America's obesity pandemic from spreading around the globe.
Dean Ornish | Speaker | TED.com