Matthieu Ricard: How to let altruism be your guide
Matthieu Ricard: Kako dopustiti altruizmu da nas vodi
Sometimes called the "happiest man in the world," Matthieu Ricard is a Buddhist monk, author and photographer. Full bio
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potential for goodness,
za dobrotu,
or to destroy.
sagradi ili uništi.
rather than a selfish one.
umjesto sebične.
many challenges in our times.
danas.
or our worst enemy.
prijatelj, ali i najgori neprijatelj.
inequalities, conflict, injustice.
nejednakosti, sukobi, nepravda.
which we don't expect.
koje nismo očekivali.
je bilo oko pet milijuna ljudskih bića.
about five million human beings on Earth.
would soon heal human activities.
ljudsko djelovanje.
and Technological Revolutions,
revolucija
of impact on our Earth.
na našoj Zemlji.
eru ljudskih bića.
the era of human beings.
we need to continue this endless growth,
nastaviti s ovim beskonačnim rastom,
materijalnih resursa,
I won't mention who, saying --
neću reći kojeg, kako govori --
the edge of the precipice.
na rubu provalije.
veliki korak naprijed."
that has been defined by scientists
što su znanstvenici definirali
they can carry a number of factors.
može se nalaziti bezbroj čimbenika.
prosper for 150,000 years
može napredovati 150.000 godina.
for the last 10,000 years.
a voluntary simplicity,
dobrovoljne jednostavnosti,
a ne kvantitativnog.
we were well within the limits of safety.
bili unutar sigurnih granica.
to imagine what comes next.
kako biste zamislili što slijedi.
some of the planetary boundaries.
ograničenja.
at the current rate,
trenutnom stopom,
on Earth will have disappeared.
će nestati.
that's not going to be reversible.
nekom frižideru, to se neće promijeniti.
21,000-foot glacier in Bhutan.
u Butanu.
are melting fast, faster than the Arctic.
ubrzano topi, brže nego na Arktiku.
takvoj situaciji?
politically, economically, scientifically
ekonomski, znanstveno
of altruism versus selfishness.
altruizam naspram sebičnosti.
trebao brinuti o budućim generacijama?
about future generations?
the billionaire Steve Forbes,
milijardera Stevea Forbesa,
the same thing, but seriously.
stvar, ali za stvarno.
to change my behavior today
mijenjati svoje današnje ponašanje
in a hundred years."
za stotinu godina."
for future generations,
buduće generacije,
našeg vremena
the end-of-the-year accounts;
proračuna na kraju godine;
uz kvalitetu života --
life, over 10 years and 20 years? --
našeg života, tijekom 10 i 20 godina? --
speak with economists,
completely incoherent.
potpuno nepovezan.
I went around the world
hodao sam svijetom
neuroznanstvenike, ekologe,
neuroscientists, environmentalists,
in the Himalayas, all over the place.
svugdje.
kako postoji samo jedan koncept
te tri vremenske skale.
those three time scales.
prema drugima.
consideration for others.
imati ćete ekonomiju koja brine,
you will have a caring economics,
have entrusted you with.
that you remedy inequality,
of well-being within society,
the most powerful and the richest
najmoćnija i najbogatija
what's the point?
koja je svrha toga?
consideration for others,
that planet that we have
have three planets to continue that way.
it's not just a novel ideal,
to nije neka novotarija,
pragmatično rješenje?
ili smo mi tako sebični?
we were irredeemably selfish.
kako smo nepopravljivo sebični.
like Hobbes, have said so.
su tako govorili.
od zajedničkog rada, zar ne?
than working together, is there?
the struggle for life,
tu je borba za život,
social Darwinism.
društveni darvinizam.
though competition exists, of course --
nadmetanje postoji, naravno --
to go to increased levels of complexity.
bi se prešlo na višu razinu složenosti.
and we should even go further.
i trebali bi još više napredovati.
the quality of human relationships.
including income, everything.
10 čimbenika, uključujući prihod, sve.
that's the main thing for my happiness,
njvažnije za njihovu sreću
that if we go deep within,
da ako se zagledamo u dubinu,
sociološko istraživanje,
that's ever shown that.
koje je to ikada pokazalo.
spent a whole life
proveo je čitav život
in very complex situations.
u vrlo složene situacije.
and some people more than others.
a neki ljudi više od drugih.
bez obzira na sve,
no matter what,
no matter what.
bez obzira na sve.
deeply wounded, great suffering,
kako jako pati,
out of empathic distress --
empatične uznemirenosti --
than to keep on looking at that person.
pomoći nego i dalje gledati tu osobu.
he said, clearly people can be altruistic.
jasno je da ljudi mogu biti altruistični.
at the banality of goodness.
banalnost dobrote.
going to say, "That's so nice.
"To je tako lijepo.
was thinking about altruism."
razmišljala o altruizmu."
we would speak of that for months.
pričali bismo o tome mjesecima.
that doesn't attract your attention,
što ne privlači vašu pažnju,
projects in the Himalayas
humanitarnih projekata na Himalajima
you work for the warm glow.
radiš to zbog osjećaja topline.
You just feel good."
Samo se osjećaš dobro."
when he jumped in front of the train,
kada je skočio ispred vlaka,
kada se ovo završi?"
so good when this is over?"
you interviewed him, he said,
kada ste ga intervjuirali:
I had to jump, of course."
Naravno da sam morao skočiti."
It's neither selfish nor altruistic.
Nije ni sebično ni altruistično.
not going to think for half an hour,
pola sata:
Ne trebam li pružiti ruku?"
but it's obvious, it's immediate.
ali je očigledno, u momentu.
like Pastor André Trocmé and his wife,
je pastor André Trocmé i njegova žena,
of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon in France.
u Francuskoj.
they saved 3,500 Jews,
spasili su 3.500 Židova,
brought them to Switzerland,
vratili ih u Švicarsku,
svoje živote i živote svoje obitelji.
of their lives and those of their family.
and find the cause of happiness.
i pronađu razlog za sreću.
or cognitive resonance that tells you,
kognitivna rezonancija koja vam govori:
this person suffers.
ova osoba pati.
confronted with suffering,
suočavate s patnjom,
of loving-kindness.
s instituta Max Planck u Leipzigu,
Institute of Leipzig,
empathy and loving-kindness are different.
za empatiju i ljubaznost različite.
from maternal care, parental love,
njegom, roditeljskom ljubavlju,
we need two things:
potrebne su nam dvije stvari:
i društvena promjena.
of contemplative study said yes, it is.
istraživanja kažu da, moguća je.
with neuroscience and epigenetics
neurologijom i epigenetikom
when you train in altruism.
kada vježbamo altruizam.
after two and a half hours.
poslije dva i pol sata.
in many scientific papers.
u mnogim znanstvenim časopisima.
that there is structural change
dolazi do strukturne
when you train the altruistic love.
kada vježbate altruističnu ljubav.
s lijeve strane,
you see all the activity,
vidite svu aktivnost,
ništa se nije dogodilo,
nothing happened,
of meditation? No, you don't.
Ne, nije.
of caring, mindfulness meditation
svjesne meditacije
in the brain compared to a control group.
u usporedbi s kontrolnom grupom.
for four weeks.
tijekom četiri tjedna.
Davidson je to napravio u Madisonu.
Richard Davidson did that in Madison.
kindness, cooperation, mindful breathing.
ljubaznost, suradnja, svjesno disanje.
"Oh, they're just preschoolers."
"To su samo predškolarci."
that's the blue line.
to je plava linija.
scientific test, the stickers test.
test s naljepnicama.
who is their best friend in the class,
njihov najbolji prijatelj u razredu,
an unknown child, and the sick child,
nepoznato dijete, i bolesno dijete,
they give most of it to their best friend.
svom najboljem prijatelju.
20 minutes three times a week.
20 minuta, tri puta tjedno.
no more discrimination:
nema više diskriminacije:
najboljem prijatelju
best friend and the least favorite child.
in all the schools in the world.
u svim školama na svijetu.
he told Richard Davidson,
rekao je Richardu Davidsonu,
the U.N., the whole world."
cijelom svijetu."
gene to be in the human race?
altruistični gen u ljudskom rodu?
too much for the environment.
previše za naš okoliš.
the evolution of culture.
change faster than genes.
mijenjaju brže od gena.
has dramatically changed over the years.
dramatično promijenili proteklih godina,
change mutually fashion each other,
u kulturi se međusobno oblikuju.
a more altruistic society.
altruističnije društvo.
a year in our projects.
u našim projektima.
four percent overhead.
četiri posto dodatnih troškova.
your stuff works in practice,
"Tvoje stvari djeluju u praksi,
to better serve others.
za bolje služenje drugima.
what can we do?
što možemo napraviti?
instead of competitive learning,
umjesto kompetitivnog učenja.
within corporations --
between corporations, but not within.
ali ne i unutar njih.
I love this term.
Volim taj izraz.
we will reduce inequality.
kako ćemo smanjiti nejednakost.
not quantitatively.
ne kvantitativno.
with poverty in the midst of plenty,
siromaštvom usred obilja,
of the common goods
zajedničkih dobara
treba biti suosjećajna,
should be compassionate,
"To nije naš posao."
that looks bad.
to djeluje loše.
global responsibility.
globalna odgovornost.
to the other 1.6 million species.
na drugih 1,6 milijuna vrsta.
are co-citizens in this world.
altruistična revolucija.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Matthieu Ricard - Monk, author, photographerSometimes called the "happiest man in the world," Matthieu Ricard is a Buddhist monk, author and photographer.
Why you should listen
After training in biochemistry at the Institute Pasteur, Matthieu Ricard left science behind to move to the Himalayas and become a Buddhist monk -- and to pursue happiness, both at a basic human level and as a subject of inquiry. Achieving happiness, he has come to believe, requires the same kind of effort and mind training that any other serious pursuit involves.
His deep and scientifically tinged reflections on happiness and Buddhism have turned into several books, including The Quantum and the Lotus: A Journey to the Frontiers Where Science and Buddhism Meet. At the same time, he also makes sensitive and jaw-droppingly gorgeous photographs of his beloved Tibet and the spiritual hermitage where he lives and works on humanitarian projects.
His latest book on happiness is Happiness: A Guide to Developing Life's Most Important Skill; his latest book of photographs is Tibet: An Inner Journey.
Matthieu Ricard | Speaker | TED.com