ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alison Killing - Architect
An architect and urban designer, Alison Killing uses journalism, filmmaking and exhibitions to help people better understand the built environment.

Why you should listen

Alison Killing is an architect and urban designer working to engage people with their built environment, via design of buildings and urban strategies, film making, exhibitions and events. She explores the relationship between death and modern architecture, looking at how cities are rebuilt after disaster.

Recent projects include Death in the City (and its first iteration, Death in Venice, which was shown as an independent event during the opening week of the Venice Architecture Biennale), a touring exhibition about death and modern architecture; work with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on better rebuilding after disaster and how to integrate relevant urban design tools into humanitarian response; and a study of financial models for arts and community projects temporarily using vacant buildings to help these projects become self-sustaining.

More profile about the speaker
Alison Killing | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2014

Alison Killing: There’s a better way to die, and architecture can help

Alison Killing: Postoji bolji način umiranja i arhitektura može pomoći

Filmed:
1,316,847 views

U ovom kratkom, provokativnom govoru, arhitektica Alison Killing gleda na zgrade gdje se smrt i umiranje događaju -- groblja, bolnice, domovi. Način na koji umiremo se mijenja, a način na koji gradimo za smrt ... pa, možda bi se i to trebalo promijeniti. Iznenađujuće je fascinantno gledati na skrivene djelove naših gradova i naših života.
- Architect
An architect and urban designer, Alison Killing uses journalism, filmmaking and exhibitions to help people better understand the built environment. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I'd like to tell you a storypriča
about deathsmrt and architecturearhitektura.
0
810
4031
Želim vam ispričati
priču o smrti i arhitekturi.
00:16
A hundredstotina yearsgodina agoprije, we tendedobično to dieumrijeti
of infectiouszarazne diseasesoboljenja like pneumoniaupala pluća,
1
4841
4630
Prije sto godina, često smo umirali od
zaraznih bolesti, kao što je upala pluća,
00:21
that, if they tookuzeo holddržati,
would take us away quitedosta quicklybrzo.
2
9471
3297
koje bi nam, kada bi nas uhvatile,
ubrzo oduzele život.
00:24
We tendedobično to dieumrijeti at home,
in our ownvlastiti bedsležaja, lookedgledao after by familyobitelj,
3
12768
3734
Pretežno smo umirali u svom domu,
u krevetima dok se obitelj brinula o nama,
iako je to bilo dosta često
00:28
althoughiako that was the defaultzadani optionopcija
4
16502
1792
jer puno ljudi nije imalo
pristup zdravstvenoj njezi.
00:30
because a lot of people
lackednisu imali accesspristup to medicalmedicinski carebriga.
5
18294
2590
I onda se u 20. stoljeću
puno stvari promijenilo.
00:33
And then in the 20thth centurystoljeće
a lot of things changedpromijenjen.
6
21614
2779
Razvili smo nove lijekove,
kao što je penicilin
00:36
We developedrazvijen newnovi medicineslijekovi like penicillinpenicilin
7
24393
2097
00:38
so we could treatliječiti
those infectiouszarazne diseasesoboljenja.
8
26490
2485
kako bismo mogli liječiti zarazne bolesti.
Izumljeni su novi medicinski aparati,
kao što je rendgen.
00:40
NewNovi medicalmedicinski technologiestehnologije
like x-rayrendgenski machinesstrojevi were inventedizumio.
9
28975
3274
Zbog toga što su bili veliki i skupi,
00:44
And because they were
so bigvelika and expensiveskup,
10
32249
2252
trebali smo velike, centralizirane
zgrade u kojima bi ih držali,
00:46
we neededpotreban largeveliki, centralizedcentralizirana
buildingsgrađevine to keep them in,
11
34501
3018
koje su postale naše moderne bolnice.
00:49
and they becamepostao our modernmoderan hospitalsbolnice.
12
37519
2299
00:51
After the SecondDrugi WorldSvijet WarRat,
13
39818
1423
Nakon II. svjetskog rata,
puno je zemalja postavilo
opće zdravstvene ustanove
00:53
a lot of countrieszemlje setset up
universaluniverzalan healthcarezdravstvo systemssustavi
14
41241
2640
kako bi svi koji ga trebaju,
imali pristup liječenju.
00:55
so that everyonesvatko who neededpotreban
treatmentliječenje could get it.
15
43881
2647
00:58
The resultproizlaziti was that lifespansživotni vijek extendedprodužen
from about 45 at the startpočetak of the centurystoljeće
16
46528
4249
Zbog toga se životni vijek produljio
s oko 45 godina na početku stoljeća
na skoro dvostruko više danas.
01:02
to almostskoro doubledvostruko that todaydanas.
17
50777
2183
20. stoljeće je bilo vrijeme
ogromnog optimizma
01:04
The 20thth centurystoljeće was this time of hugeogroman
optimismoptimizam about what scienceznanost could offerponuda,
18
52960
4098
oko znanosti
i mogućnosti koje nam nudi,
01:09
but with all of the focusfokus on life,
deathsmrt was forgottenzaboravljen,
19
57058
3727
ali zbog cijelog fokusa oko života,
smrt je bila zaboravljena,
iako se naš pristup smrti
promijenio dramatično.
01:12
even as our approachpristup to deathsmrt
changedpromijenjen dramaticallydramatično.
20
60785
2405
01:15
Now, I'm an architectarhitekt,
21
63580
1203
Ja sam arhitekt,
01:16
and for the pastprošlost yeargodina and a halfpola
I've been looking at these changespromjene
22
64783
3242
i tijekom prošlih godinu i pol
sam promatrala ove promjene
i što to znači za arhitekturu
povezanu za smrt i umiranje.
01:20
and at what they mean for architecturearhitektura
relatedpovezan to deathsmrt and dyingumiranje.
23
68025
3154
01:23
We now tendskloni to dieumrijeti
of cancerRak and heartsrce diseasebolest,
24
71179
3233
Sada često umiremo od
raka i bolesti srca,
01:26
and what that meanssredstva is that manymnogi of us
will have a long periodrazdoblje of chronickronični illnessbolest
25
74412
3996
što znači da će mnogi od nas imati
duga razdoblja kroničnih bolesti
01:30
at the endkraj of our livesživot.
26
78408
1974
na kraju naših života.
Kroz taj period,
01:32
DuringTijekom that periodrazdoblje,
27
80382
1113
najvjerojatnije ćemo provesti puno vremena
u bolnicama, domovima za nemoćne i njegu.
01:33
we'lldobro likelyVjerojatno spendprovesti a lot of time
in hospitalsbolnice and hospiceshospicija and carebriga homeskuća.
28
81495
5063
01:38
Now, we'veimamo all been in a modernmoderan hospitalbolnica.
29
86558
2206
Svi smo bili u modernoj bolnici.
01:40
You know those fluorescentfluorescentne lightssvjetla
and the endlessbeskrajan corridorskoridora
30
88764
3390
Znate za fluorescentna svjetla
i beskrajne hodnike
01:44
and those rowsredaka of uncomfortableneudoban chairsstolice.
31
92154
3018
i za redove neudobnih stolica.
Arhitektura bolnica je
zaradila svoj loš ugled.
01:47
HospitalBolnica architecturearhitektura
has earnedzarađen its badloše reputationugled.
32
95172
3762
Ali, iznenađujuće je to,
da nije oduvijek bilo ovako.
01:50
But the surprisingiznenađujuće thing is,
it wasn'tnije always like this.
33
98934
3157
01:54
This is L'OspedaleL'Ospedale degliDegli InnocentiInnocenti,
builtizgrađen in 1419 by BrunelleschiBrunelleschi,
34
102091
4334
Ovo je L'Ospedale degli Innocenti,
izgrađena 1419. od strane Brunelleschija,
koji je bio jedan od najpoznatijih
i najutjecajnijih arhitekta u tom vremenu.
01:58
who was one of the mostnajviše famouspoznat
and influentialutjecajni architectsarhitekti of his time.
35
106425
3747
I kada gledam ovu zgradu
i onda pomislim na današnje bolnice,
02:02
And when I look at this buildingzgrada
and then think about hospitalsbolnice todaydanas,
36
110172
3343
02:05
what amazeszadivljuje me is
this building'szgrada je ambitionambicija.
37
113515
3088
zadivljuje me ambicija ove zgrade.
To je jednostavno stvarno sjajna zgrada.
02:08
It's just a really great buildingzgrada.
38
116603
1649
02:10
It has these courtyardsdvorišta in the middlesrednji
39
118252
1834
Ima ta dvorišta u sredini
02:12
so that all of the roomssobe
have daylightljetno and freshsvježe airzrak,
40
120086
2533
Tako da sve sobe imaju
dnevno svjetlo i svjež zrak,
02:14
and the roomssobe are bigvelika
and they have highvisok ceilingsstropovi,
41
122619
2413
te su sobe velike i imaju visoke stropove,
02:17
so they just feel
more comfortableudobno to be in.
42
125032
2484
tako da je udobnije biti u njima.
02:19
And it's alsotakođer beautifullijep.
43
127516
1765
I još je prekrasna.
02:21
SomehowNekako, we'veimamo forgottenzaboravljen
that that's even possiblemoguće for a hospitalbolnica.
44
129281
3831
Nekako smo zaboravili da je to
uopće moguće za jednu bolnicu.
02:25
Now, if we want better buildingsgrađevine
for dyingumiranje, then we have to talk about it,
45
133112
4023
Ako želimo bolje bolnice za umiranje,
onda moramo o tome pričati,
02:29
but because we find the subjectpredmet
of deathsmrt uncomfortableneudoban,
46
137135
2571
ali samu temu smrti smatramo neugodnom,
02:31
we don't talk about it,
47
139706
1440
ne razgovaramo o tome,
02:33
and we don't questionpitanje how we
as a societydruštvo approachpristup deathsmrt.
48
141146
3312
i ne propitujemo kako se mi,
kao društvo, nosimo sa smrću.
02:36
One of the things that surprisediznenađen me
mostnajviše in my researchistraživanje, thoughiako,
49
144458
3174
Jedna od stvari koja me je
iznenadila najviše je
koliko su zapravo promjenjivi stavovi.
02:39
is how changeablepromjenjiva attitudesstavovi actuallyzapravo are.
50
147632
2685
Ovo je prvi krematorij
u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu,
02:42
This is the first crematoriumkrematorij in the U.K.,
51
150317
2392
koji je izgrađen u Wokingu 1870-ih.
02:44
whichkoji was builtizgrađen in WokingWoking in the 1870s.
52
152709
2809
02:47
And when this was first builtizgrađen,
there were protestsprosvjedi in the locallokalne villageselo.
53
155518
3407
I kada je prvi put izgrađen,
izbili su prosvjedi u lokalnom selu.
Kremiranje nije bilo društveno
i 99,8 % ljudi je bilo zakopano.
02:50
CremationKremiranje wasn'tnije sociallydruštveno acceptableprihvatljiv,
and 99.8 percentposto of people got buriedpokopan.
54
158925
4883
02:55
And yetjoš, only a hundredstotina yearsgodina laterkasnije,
threetri quartersčetvrtine of us get crematedkremiran.
55
163808
3776
Pa opet, samo sto godina kasnije,
tri četvrtine nas biva kremirano.
02:59
People are actuallyzapravo really openotvoren
to changingmijenjanje things
56
167584
2527
Ljudi su zapravo jako otvoreni
prema promjenama
ako im je dana šansa da
razgovaraju o tome.
03:02
if they're givendan the chanceprilika
to talk about them.
57
170111
2401
03:04
So this conversationrazgovor
about deathsmrt and architecturearhitektura
58
172512
3323
Ovaj razgovor o smrti i arhitekturi
03:07
was what I wanted to startpočetak
when I did my first exhibitionizložba on it
59
175835
3159
je s čim sam htjela započeti kada
sam napravila prvu izložbu o tome
03:10
in VeniceVenecija in JuneLipnja,
whichkoji was calledzvao "DeathSmrt in VeniceVenecija."
60
178994
3226
u Veneciji u lipnju,
koja se zove "Smrt u Veneciji."
03:14
It was designedkonstruiran to be quitedosta playfulrazigrani
61
182220
3274
Osmišljena je da bude prilično zaigrana
03:17
so that people would
literallydoslovce engageangažirati with it.
62
185494
2198
da se ljudi doslovno angažiraju u njoj.
03:19
This is one of our exhibitsizložaka,
whichkoji is an interactiveinteraktivni mapkarta of LondonLondon
63
187692
3255
Ovo je jedan od naših izložaka,
a to je interaktivna karta Londona
03:22
that showspokazuje just how much
of the realstvaran estateimanje in the cityGrad
64
190947
2675
koja pokazuje koliko nekretnina u gradu
služe našoj smrti i umiranju,
03:25
is givendan over to deathsmrt and dyingumiranje,
65
193622
1879
03:27
and as you waveval your handruka acrosspreko the mapkarta,
66
195501
2369
i mahanjem ruke preko karte,
03:29
the nameime of that piecekomad of realstvaran estateimanje,
the buildingzgrada or cemeterygroblje, is revealedobjavio.
67
197870
4829
imena tih nekretnina, zgrada
ili groblja, se otkrivaju.
03:34
AnotherJoš jedan of our exhibitsizložaka
was a seriesniz of postcardsrazglednice
68
202699
2508
Još jedan od naših izložaka
je niz razglednica,
03:37
that people could take away with them.
69
205207
1997
koje ljudi mogu uzeti sa sobom.
03:39
And they showedpokazala people'snarodno homeskuća
and hospitalsbolnice
70
207204
2461
I na njima su domovi i bolnice
03:41
and cemeteriesgroblja and mortuariesmrtvačnice,
71
209665
2415
i groblja i mrtvačnice
03:44
and they tell the storypriča
of the differentdrugačiji spacesprostori
72
212080
2461
i pričaju priče tih različitih prostora
03:46
that we passproći throughkroz
on eitherili sidestrana of deathsmrt.
73
214541
2833
kroz koje prolazimo
na jednoj ili drugoj strani smrti.
03:49
We wanted to showpokazati
that where we dieumrijeti
74
217374
2345
Htjeli smo pokazati da gdje umiremo
03:51
is a keyključ partdio of how we dieumrijeti.
75
219719
3251
je ključni dio načina na koji umiremo.
03:54
Now, the strangestčudan thing was the way
that visitorsposjetitelji reactedreagirali su to the exhibitionizložba,
76
222970
4783
Najčudniji je bio način na koji su
posjetitelji reagirali na izložbu,
pogotovo na zvučno-vizualna djela.
03:59
especiallyposebno the audio-visualaudio-vizualni worksdjela.
77
227753
2368
04:02
We had people dancingples
and runningtrčanje and jumpingskakanje
78
230121
3692
Bilo je ljudi koji su plesali
i trčali i skakali
04:05
as they triedpokušala to activateaktiviranje
the exhibitsizložaka in differentdrugačiji waysnačine,
79
233813
2995
pokušavajući aktivirati izloške
na različite načine,
04:08
and at a certainsiguran pointtočka
they would kindljubazan of stop
80
236808
2444
i u određenom trenutku nekako bi stali
04:11
and rememberzapamtiti that they were in
an exhibitionizložba about deathsmrt,
81
239252
2734
i prisjetili se da su na izložbi o smrti,
04:13
and that maybe that's not
how you're supposedtrebala to actčin.
82
241986
2624
i da to možda nije način na koji
bi se trebali ponašati.
04:16
But actuallyzapravo, I would questionpitanje
whetherda li there is one way
83
244610
2647
Ipak, htjela bih pitati
postoji li način
04:19
that you're supposedtrebala to actčin around deathsmrt,
84
247257
2275
na koji bi se trebali ponašati oko smrti,
04:21
and if there's not, I'd askpitati you to think
about what you think a good deathsmrt is,
85
249532
4551
i ako ne postoji, onda vam savjetujem
da razmišljate što je dobra smrt,
04:26
and what you think that architecturearhitektura
that supportspodržava a good deathsmrt mightmoć be like,
86
254083
3669
i kakva bi arhitektura koja uzdržava
dobru smrt mogla biti,
04:29
and mightn'tMožda it be a little lessmanje like this
and a little more like this?
87
257752
4728
i ne bi li mogla biti malo manje ovakva,
a malo više ovakva?
04:34
Thank you.
88
262480
2214
Hvala vam.
(Pljesak)
04:36
(ApplausePljesak)
89
264694
2020

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alison Killing - Architect
An architect and urban designer, Alison Killing uses journalism, filmmaking and exhibitions to help people better understand the built environment.

Why you should listen

Alison Killing is an architect and urban designer working to engage people with their built environment, via design of buildings and urban strategies, film making, exhibitions and events. She explores the relationship between death and modern architecture, looking at how cities are rebuilt after disaster.

Recent projects include Death in the City (and its first iteration, Death in Venice, which was shown as an independent event during the opening week of the Venice Architecture Biennale), a touring exhibition about death and modern architecture; work with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on better rebuilding after disaster and how to integrate relevant urban design tools into humanitarian response; and a study of financial models for arts and community projects temporarily using vacant buildings to help these projects become self-sustaining.

More profile about the speaker
Alison Killing | Speaker | TED.com