TED2006
Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
Ken Robinson berkata sekolah membunuh kreativitas
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64,284,825 views
Sir Ken Robinson, dengan presentasi yang menghibur dan menyentuh, mengajukan kasus untuk menciptakan sistem pendidikan yang mengembangkan (bukan menekan) kreativitas.
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:24
Good morning. How are you?
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Selamat pagi. Apa kabar? Semuanya hebat, bukan?
00:28
(Laughter)
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00:29
It's been great, hasn't it?
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Saya sangat terpukau dengan acara ini seluruhnya.
00:32
I've been blown away by the whole thing.
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00:34
In fact, I'm leaving.
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Sebenarnya, saya akan pergi (Tawa)
00:36
(Laughter)
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Ada tiga tema, ya nggak,
00:42
There have been three themes
running through the conference
running through the conference
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selama konferensi ini, yang berhubungan
00:45
which are relevant
to what I want to talk about.
to what I want to talk about.
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dengan apa yang ingin saya katakan
00:47
One is the extraordinary
evidence of human creativity
evidence of human creativity
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Pertama adalah bukti luar biasa dari kreativitas manusia
00:52
in all of the presentations that we've had
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di semua presentasi yang telah kita saksikan
00:54
and in all of the people here.
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dan di semua orang di sini. Hanya variasinya
00:56
Just the variety of it
and the range of it.
and the range of it.
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dan jangkauannya. Kedua adalah
01:00
The second is
that it's put us in a place
that it's put us in a place
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kita diletakkan pada suatu tempat di mana kita tidak memiliki ide apa yang akan terjadi
01:02
where we have no idea
what's going to happen,
what's going to happen,
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01:04
in terms of the future.
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di masa depan. Tidak memiliki ide
01:06
No idea how this may play out.
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bagaimana hal ini dapat dilakukan.
01:09
I have an interest in education.
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Saya memiliki ketertarikan akan pendidikan --
01:10
Actually, what I find is everybody
has an interest in education.
has an interest in education.
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sebenarnya, saya menemukan bahwa semua orang memiliki ketertarikan akan pendidikan
Anda juga kan? Saya menemukan hal ini sangat menarik.
01:15
Don't you?
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01:16
I find this very interesting.
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Jika anda menghadiri pesta makan malam, dan anda berkata
01:17
If you're at a dinner party,
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01:19
and you say you work in education --
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anda bekerja di bidang pendidikan --
01:21
Actually, you're not often
at dinner parties, frankly.
at dinner parties, frankly.
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sebenarnya, anda akan jarang berada di pesta makan malam, sesungguhnya, jika anda bekerja di bidang pendidikan.
01:24
(Laughter)
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01:28
If you work in education,
you're not asked.
you're not asked.
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(Tawa) Anda tidak pernah diundang.
01:31
(Laughter)
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Dan anda tidak pernah bertanya kenapa, anehnya. Hal itu aneh bagi saya.
01:34
And you're never asked back, curiously.
That's strange to me.
That's strange to me.
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01:38
But if you are, and you say to somebody,
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Tapi bila anda diundang, dan anda berbicara dengan seseorang
anda tahu, mereka berkata, "Apa yang anda lakukan?"
01:40
you know, they say, "What do you do?"
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dan anda berkata anda bekerja di bidang pendidikan,
01:42
and you say you work in education,
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01:44
you can see the blood run from their face.
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anda dapat melihat muka mereka memucat. Mereka seakan berpikir,
01:46
They're like, "Oh my God,"
you know, "Why me?"
you know, "Why me?"
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"Ya Tuhan," anda tahu, "Kenapa saya? Satu-satunya malam di sepanjang minggu dimana saya keluar." (Tawa)
01:48
(Laughter)
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01:50
"My one night out all week."
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01:51
(Laughter)
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Tetapi bila anda bertanya mengenai pendidikan mereka,
01:54
But if you ask about their education,
they pin you to the wall.
they pin you to the wall.
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mereka akanmenyudutkan anda. Karena pendidikan adalah salah satu dari beberapa hal
01:57
Because it's one of those things
that goes deep with people, am I right?
that goes deep with people, am I right?
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yang tertanam sangat dalam bagi orang-orang, benar?
Seperti agama, dan uang dan hal-hal lain.
02:01
Like religion, and money and other things.
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Saya memiliki ketertarikan besar akan pendidikan, dan saya pikir kita semua demikian.
02:04
So I have a big interest in education,
and I think we all do.
and I think we all do.
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Kita memiliki ketertarikan yang sangat besar di sana,
02:08
We have a huge vested interest in it,
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sebagian karena pendidikan bertujuan untuk
02:10
partly because it's education
that's meant to take us into this future
that's meant to take us into this future
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membawa kita menuju masa depan yang tidak dapat kita pegang.
02:14
that we can't grasp.
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02:15
If you think of it,
children starting school this year
children starting school this year
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Jika anda berpikir, anak-anak yang memulai sekolah tahun ini
akan pensiun tahun 2065. Tidak seorang pun memiliki petunjuk --
02:19
will be retiring in 2065.
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02:24
Nobody has a clue,
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walaupun dengan segala keahlian yang telah ditunjukkan selama empat hari terakhir ini --
02:25
despite all the expertise that's been
on parade for the past four days,
on parade for the past four days,
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seperti apa dunia akan terlihat
02:29
what the world will look like
in five years' time.
in five years' time.
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dalam waktu lima tahun. Dan kita bertujuan
02:32
And yet we're meant
to be educating them for it.
to be educating them for it.
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mengajarkan mereka untuk masa depan. Jadi tingkat ketidakpastiannya, saya pikir,
02:34
So the unpredictability,
I think, is extraordinary.
I think, is extraordinary.
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sangatlah luar biasa.
02:36
And the third part of this
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Dan bagian ketiga dari semua ini adalah
02:38
is that we've all agreed, nonetheless,
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kita semua setuju, semuanya, pada
02:40
on the really extraordinary
capacities that children have --
capacities that children have --
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kapasitas sangat luar biasa yang anak-anak miliki --
02:45
their capacities for innovation.
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kapasitas mereka berinovasi. Saya maksud, kemarin malam Sirena merupakan keajaiban,
02:48
I mean, Sirena last night
was a marvel, wasn't she?
was a marvel, wasn't she?
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ya bukan? Melihat yang dapat dia lakukan.
02:50
Just seeing what she could do.
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Dan dia luar biasa, tetapi saya pikir dia tidak, sebenarnya,
02:52
And she's exceptional, but I think
she's not, so to speak,
she's not, so to speak,
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02:57
exceptional in the whole of childhood.
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luar biasa di dalam masa anak-anak keseluruhan.
Yang anda dapatkan di sini adalah seseorang yang memiliki dedikasi luar biasa
03:00
What you have there is a person
of extraordinary dedication
of extraordinary dedication
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yang menemukan bakatnya. Dan anggapan saya adalah,
03:03
who found a talent.
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semua anak-anak memiliki bakat yang sangat besar.
03:05
And my contention is,
all kids have tremendous talents.
all kids have tremendous talents.
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Dan kita menyia-nyiakan mereka, semena-mena.
03:07
And we squander them, pretty ruthlessly.
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Jadi saya ingin berbicara mengenai pendidikan dan
03:09
So I want to talk about education
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03:12
and I want to talk about creativity.
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saya ingin berbicara mengenai kreativitas. Anggapan saya adalah
03:13
My contention is that creativity now
is as important in education as literacy,
is as important in education as literacy,
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kreativitas sekarang memiliki kepentingan yang sama dengan kemampuan bahasa dalam pendidikan,
dan kita harus memperlakukannya dengan status yang sama.
03:19
and we should treat it
with the same status.
with the same status.
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(Tepuk tangan) Terima kasih. Hanya itu saja, sebenarnya.
03:22
(Applause) Thank you.
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03:24
(Applause)
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03:29
That was it, by the way.
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Terima kasih banyak (Tawa) Jadi, masih ada 15 menit lagi.
03:30
Thank you very much.
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03:31
(Laughter)
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03:33
So, 15 minutes left.
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Saya lahir -- bukan. (Tawa)
03:35
(Laughter)
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03:38
Well, I was born... no.
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03:40
(Laughter)
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Saya mendengar sebuah cerita bagus baru-baru ini -- Saya senang menceritakannya --
03:43
I heard a great story recently
-- I love telling it --
-- I love telling it --
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mengenai seorang gadis cilik di pelajaran menggambar. Dia berusia enam tahun
03:46
of a little girl
who was in a drawing lesson.
who was in a drawing lesson.
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dan dia duduk di belakang, menggambar,
03:49
She was six, and she was
at the back, drawing,
at the back, drawing,
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dan gurunya berkata bahwa gadis cilik itu sulit sekali
03:51
and the teacher said this girl
hardly ever paid attention,
hardly ever paid attention,
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menyimak pelajaran, dan dalam pelajaran menggambar ini dia bisa.
03:54
and in this drawing lesson, she did.
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03:55
The teacher was fascinated.
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Sang guru sangat kagum dan sang guru berjalan ke arah gadis cilik ini
03:57
She went over to her,
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
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dan sang guru bertanya, "Apa yang kamu gambar?"
04:00
And the girl said, "I'm
drawing a picture of God."
drawing a picture of God."
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Dan si gadis cilik berkata, "Saya sedang menggambar Tuhan."
04:03
And the teacher said, "But nobody
knows what God looks like."
knows what God looks like."
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Dan sang guru berkata, "Tapi tidak satu orang pun tahu seperti apa Tuhan itu."
04:06
And the girl said,
"They will, in a minute."
"They will, in a minute."
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Dan si gadis cilik berkata, "Mereka akan tahu sesaat lagi."
04:09
(Laughter)
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(Tawa)
Ketika anak lelaki saya berusia empat tahun di Inggris --
04:20
When my son was four in England --
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sebenarnya dia berusia empat tahun di mana-mana, sejujurnya. (Tawa)
04:23
Actually, he was four
everywhere, to be honest.
everywhere, to be honest.
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Jika kami tegas, kemanapun dia pergi, dia akan selalu berusia empat tahun saat itu.
04:25
(Laughter)
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04:27
If we're being strict about it,
wherever he went, he was four that year.
wherever he went, he was four that year.
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Dia mendapat peran di drama Kelahiran Yesus.
04:30
He was in the Nativity play.
Do you remember the story?
Do you remember the story?
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Anda ingat ceritanya? Cerita yang besar.
04:33
(Laughter)
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04:34
No, it was big, it was a big story.
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Cerita yang besar. Mel Gibson membuat kelanjutannya.
04:36
Mel Gibson did the sequel,
you may have seen it.
you may have seen it.
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Anda mungkin pernah melihatnya: "Kelahiran Yesus II." Tetapi James mendapatkan peran Joseph,
04:38
(Laughter)
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04:40
"Nativity II."
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04:41
But James got the part of Joseph,
which we were thrilled about.
which we were thrilled about.
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dan kami semua gembira akan hal tersebut.
04:45
We considered this to be
one of the lead parts.
one of the lead parts.
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Kami berpendapat ini adalah salah satu peran utama.
Kami memiliki tempat yang penuh dengan t-shirt bertuliskan:
04:48
We had the place crammed
full of agents in T-shirts:
full of agents in T-shirts:
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"James Robinson ADALAH Joseph!" (Tawa)
04:50
"James Robinson IS Joseph!" (Laughter)
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04:53
He didn't have to speak,
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Dia tidak perlu berbicara, tetapi anda tahu bagian
04:54
but you know the bit
where the three kings come in?
where the three kings come in?
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saat tiga orang raja datang. Mereka datang membawa hadiah,
04:57
They come in bearing gifts,
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
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dan mereka membawa emas, dupa (frankincense) dan minyak mur.
04:59
This really happened.
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Ini benar terjadi. Kami duduk di sana
05:00
We were sitting there and I think
they just went out of sequence,
they just went out of sequence,
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dan saya pikir mereka keluar dari urutan seharusnya,
karena ketika kami berbicara dengan si anak setelahnya dan kami berkata,
05:04
because we talked to the little boy
afterward and we said,
afterward and we said,
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"Apakah kamu setuju dengan itu?" Dan dia berkata "Ya, kenapa, ada yang salah?"
05:06
"You OK with that?" And he said,
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
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Mereka bertukar urutan, hanya itu.
05:09
They just switched.
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Jadi, ketiga anak lelaki memasuki panggung,
05:10
The three boys came in,
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anak-anak berusia empat tahun dengan handuk teh di kepala mereka,
05:12
four-year-olds with tea towels
on their heads,
on their heads,
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dan mereka meletakkan kotak-kotak tersebut,
05:14
and they put these boxes down,
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05:15
and the first boy said,
"I bring you gold."
"I bring you gold."
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dan anak pertama berkata, "Saya membawakanmu emas."
05:17
And the second boy said,
"I bring you myrrh."
"I bring you myrrh."
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Dan anak kedua berkata, "Saya membawakanmu minyak mur."
05:20
And the third boy said, "Frank sent this."
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Dan anak ketiga berkata, "Frank mengirimkan ini (Frank sent this = frankincense)." (Tawa)
05:22
(Laughter)
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05:34
What these things have in common
is that kids will take a chance.
is that kids will take a chance.
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Yang menjadi persamaan dari hal-hal tersebut adalah anak-anak akan mengambil kesempatan.
Jika mereka tidak tahu, mereka akan terus maju.
05:37
If they don't know, they'll have a go.
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Ya kan? Mereka tidak takut berlaku salah.
05:40
Am I right? They're not
frightened of being wrong.
frightened of being wrong.
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Saya tidak bermaksud mengatakan bahwa berlaku salah sama dengan berlaku kreatif.
05:44
I don't mean to say that being wrong
is the same thing as being creative.
is the same thing as being creative.
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Yang kita ketahui adalah,
05:48
What we do know is,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
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jika anda tidak siap untuk salah,
05:52
you'll never come up
with anything original --
with anything original --
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anda tidak akan pernah menghasilkan sesuatu yang orisinil.
05:54
if you're not prepared to be wrong.
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Jika anda tidak siap untuk salah. Dan pada saat mereka menjadi dewasa,
05:56
And by the time they get to be adults,
most kids have lost that capacity.
most kids have lost that capacity.
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kebanyakan anak-anak telah kehilangan kapasitas tersebut.
Mereka menjadi takut untuk salah.
06:01
They have become
frightened of being wrong.
frightened of being wrong.
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Dan kita menjalankan perusahaan kita seperti ini.
06:03
And we run our companies like this.
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Kita menganggap buruk kesalahan. Dan kita sekarang menjalankan
06:05
We stigmatize mistakes.
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06:07
And we're now running
national education systems
national education systems
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sistem pendidikan nasional dimana
06:09
where mistakes are the worst
thing you can make.
thing you can make.
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kesalahan adalah hal terburuk yang anda dapat lakukan.
06:12
And the result is that
we are educating people
we are educating people
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Dan hasilnya adalah kita mendidik orang keluar dari
06:15
out of their creative capacities.
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kapasitas kreatif mereka. Picaso pernah berkata:
06:18
Picasso once said this, he said
that all children are born artists.
that all children are born artists.
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dia berkata bahwa semua anak-anak terlahir sebagai artis.
06:22
The problem is to remain an artist
as we grow up.
as we grow up.
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Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana kita bisa tetap sebagai artis selama kita tumbuh. Saya percaya akan hal ini sepenuhnya:
06:25
I believe this passionately,
that we don't grow into creativity,
that we don't grow into creativity,
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Kita tidak tumbuh ke dalam kreativitas,
kita tumbuh keluar dari kreativitas. Tepatnya, kita terdidik keluar dari kreativitas.
06:29
we grow out of it.
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06:30
Or rather, we get educated out if it.
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Jadi mengapa hal ini terjadi?
06:33
So why is this?
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Saya tinggal di Stratford-on-Avon hingga lima tahun lalu.
06:34
I lived in Stratford-on-Avon
until about five years ago.
until about five years ago.
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Faktanya, kami pindah dari Stratford ke Los Angeles.
06:38
In fact, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
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Jadi anda dapat bayangkan bagaimana mulusnya peralihan yang terjadi.
06:41
So you can imagine
what a seamless transition that was.
what a seamless transition that was.
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(Tawa) Sebenarnya,
06:44
(Laughter)
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06:46
Actually, we lived in a place
called Snitterfield,
called Snitterfield,
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kami tinggal di sebuah tempat bernama Snitterfield,
sedikit di luar Stratford, tempat di mana
06:48
just outside Stratford,
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06:49
which is where
Shakespeare's father was born.
Shakespeare's father was born.
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ayah Shakespeare dilahirkan. Apakah anda terpikir sesuatu yang baru? Saya terpikir.
06:52
Are you struck by a new thought? I was.
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06:54
You don't think of Shakespeare
having a father, do you?
having a father, do you?
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Anda tidak berpikir Shakespeare memiliki ayah, iya kan?
Iya kan? Karena anda tidak berpikir
06:57
Do you? Because you don't think
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
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Shakespeare sebagai seorang anak, iya kan?
07:01
Shakespeare being seven?
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Shakespeare berusia tujuh tahun? Saya tidak pernah memikirkan itu. Maksud saya, Shakespeare pernah
07:02
I never thought of it.
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07:03
I mean, he was seven at some point.
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berusia tujuh tahun pada suatu waktu. Dia pernah berada
07:05
He was in somebody's
English class, wasn't he?
English class, wasn't he?
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di kelas bahasa Inggris seseorang, kan? Betapa menjengkelkan hal it?
07:07
(Laughter)
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07:14
How annoying would that be?
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(Tawa) "Harus berusaha lebih keras." Ayahnya menyuruhnya tidur, anda tahu,
07:16
(Laughter)
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07:23
"Must try harder."
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07:24
(Laughter)
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07:28
Being sent to bed by his dad, you know,
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
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kata ayahnya kepada Shakespeare, "Pergi tidur, sekarang,"
kata ayahnya kepada William Shakespeare, "dan letakkan pencil itu.
07:32
And put the pencil down."
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Dan berhenti berbicara seperti itu. Semua orang bingung karenanya."
07:34
(Laughter)
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07:35
"And stop speaking like that."
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07:37
(Laughter)
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07:41
"It's confusing everybody."
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(Tawa)
07:42
(Laughter)
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Jadi, kami pindah dari Stratford ke Los Angeles,
07:47
Anyway, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
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dan saya ingin berkata sepatah kata mengenai peralihan tersebut.
07:53
and I just want to say a word
about the transition.
about the transition.
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Anak lelaki saya tidak ingin pindah.
07:55
My son didn't want to come.
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07:57
I've got two kids;
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
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Saya memiliki dua anak. Anak lelaki saya berusia 21 tahun sekarang; anak perempuan saya berusia 16 tahun.
08:00
He didn't want to come to Los Angeles.
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Anak lelaki saya tidak ingin pindah ke Los Angeles. Dia senang dengan Los Angeles,
tetapi dia memiliki kekasih di Inggris. Ini adalah cinta matinya, Sarah.
08:02
He loved it, but he had
a girlfriend in England.
a girlfriend in England.
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08:05
This was the love of his life, Sarah.
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Dia telah mengenal Sarah selama satu bulan.
08:08
He'd known her for a month.
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Ingat, mereka telah merayakan hari jadinya yang ke empat,
08:10
(Laughter)
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08:11
Mind you, they'd had
their fourth anniversary,
their fourth anniversary,
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karena itu adalah waktu yang lama untuk yang berusia 16 tahun.
08:13
because it's a long time when you're 16.
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Jadi, dia sangat sedih saat di pesawat,
08:16
He was really upset on the plane,
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dan dia berkata, "Saya tidak akan pernah bertemu gadis seperti Sarah lagi."
08:18
he said, "I'll never find
another girl like Sarah."
another girl like Sarah."
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Dan kami cukup senang akan hal itu, sebenarnya.
08:20
And we were rather pleased
about that, frankly --
about that, frankly --
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karena Sarah adalah alasan utama kami meninggalkan Inggris.
08:23
(Laughter)
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08:31
Because she was the main reason
we were leaving the country.
we were leaving the country.
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(Tawa)
08:34
(Laughter)
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Tetapi ada sesuatu hal yang jelas saat seseorang pindah ke Amerika
dan juga saat berkeliling dunia:
08:40
But something strikes you
when you move to America
when you move to America
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Semua sistem pendidikan di muka bumi ini memiliki hirarki yang sama akan subjek.
08:42
and travel around the world:
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08:43
Every education system on Earth
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
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Setiap sistem. Tidak peduli kemana anda pergi.
08:47
Every one. Doesn't matter where you go.
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Anda mungkin berpikir sebaliknya, tetapi tidak demikian.
08:49
You'd think it would be
otherwise, but it isn't.
otherwise, but it isn't.
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Paling atas adalah matematika dan bahasa,
08:51
At the top are mathematics and languages,
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kemudian kemanusiaan, dan paling bawah adalah seni.
08:53
then the humanities,
and at the bottom are the arts.
and at the bottom are the arts.
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Di mana pun di muka bumi.
08:56
Everywhere on Earth.
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Dan juga hampir di dalam semua sistem,
08:57
And in pretty much every system too,
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
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ada hirarki di dalam seni.
09:01
Art and music are normally
given a higher status in schools
given a higher status in schools
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Seni rupa dan musik biasanya mendapat status tertinggi di sekolah
lalu seni peran dan menari. Tidak ada satu pun sistem pendidikan di planet ini
09:04
than drama and dance.
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09:05
There isn't an education
system on the planet
system on the planet
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yang mengajarkan menari setiap hari untuk anak-anaknya
09:07
that teaches dance everyday to children
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sebagaimana kita mengajarkan mereka matematika. Kenapa?
09:09
the way we teach them mathematics. Why?
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Kenapa tidak? Saya pikir hal itu cukup penting.
09:12
Why not? I think this is rather important.
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Saya pikir matematika sangat penting, tetapi begitu juga menari.
09:15
I think math is very
important, but so is dance.
important, but so is dance.
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Anak-anak menari setiap saat jika mereka diperbolehkan, kita pun begitu.
09:17
Children dance all the time
if they're allowed to, we all do.
if they're allowed to, we all do.
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Kita semua memiliki tubuh, iya kan? Apakah saya lupa sesuatu?
09:20
We all have bodies, don't we?
Did I miss a meeting?
Did I miss a meeting?
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09:23
(Laughter)
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(Tawa) Sesungguhnya, yang terjadi adalah,
09:26
Truthfully, what happens is,
as children grow up,
as children grow up,
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pada saat anak-anak bertumbuh dewasa, kita mulai mengajarkan mereka
09:28
we start to educate them progressively
from the waist up.
from the waist up.
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secara progresif dari pinggang ke atas. Dan kemudian kita memfokuskan pada kepala mereka.
09:31
And then we focus on their heads.
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Dan sedikit ke satu sisi.
09:33
And slightly to one side.
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Jika anda melihat pendidikan, sebagai alien,
09:35
If you were to visit
education, as an alien,
education, as an alien,
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09:38
and say "What's it for, public education?"
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dan berkata "Apakah tujuan dari pendidikan publik?"
09:41
I think you'd have to conclude,
if you look at the output,
if you look at the output,
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Saya pikir anda akan berkesimpulan -- jika anda melihat keluarannya,
siapa yang paling sukses,
09:43
who really succeeds by this,
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siapa yang seharusnya menjadi apa,
09:45
who does everything that they should,
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09:47
who gets all the brownie
points, who are the winners --
points, who are the winners --
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siapa yang mendapat semua penghargaan, siapa yang menjadi pemenang --
09:49
I think you'd have to conclude
the whole purpose of public education
the whole purpose of public education
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Saya pikir anda harus mengambil kesimpulan bahwa tujuan utama dari pendidikan publik
di seluruh dunia
09:53
throughout the world
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adalah untuk menghasilkan profesor universitas. Iya kan?
09:54
is to produce university professors.
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09:56
Isn't it?
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09:57
They're the people who come out the top.
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1983
Mereka adalah orang-orang yang tampil paling atas.
09:59
And I used to be one, so there.
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Dan saya pernah menjadi salah satu dari mereka, begitulah. (Tawa)
10:01
(Laughter)
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Dan saya senang dengan profesor universitas, tetapi anda tahu,
10:04
And I like university
professors, but you know,
professors, but you know,
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10:07
we shouldn't hold them up
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kita tidak seharusnya menganggap mereka sebagai puncak dari pencapaian umat manusia.
10:09
as the high-water mark
of all human achievement.
of all human achievement.
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10:12
They're just a form of life,
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1976
Mereka hanyalah sebuah bentuk kehidupan,
10:14
another form of life.
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salah satu bentuk kehidupan. Tetapi mereka memang menarik,
10:15
But they're rather curious, and I say this
out of affection for them.
out of affection for them.
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dan saya mengatakan ini karena saya kagum terhadap mereka.
Ada sesuatu yang menarik mengenai profesor dalam pengalaman saya --
10:18
There's something curious
about professors in my experience --
about professors in my experience --
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tidak semuanya, tetapi pada umumnya - mereka hidup di dalam kepala mereka.
10:21
not all of them, but typically,
they live in their heads.
they live in their heads.
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Mereka hidup di atas sana, dan sedikit ke satu sisi.
10:24
They live up there,
and slightly to one side.
and slightly to one side.
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Mereka terlepas dari tubuhnya, anda tahu, dalam artian yang sebenarnya.
10:27
They're disembodied, you know,
in a kind of literal way.
in a kind of literal way.
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Mereka melihat tubuh mereka
10:30
They look upon their body as a form
of transport for their heads.
of transport for their heads.
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sebagai salah satu bentuk transportasi untuk kepala mereka, ya kan?
10:34
(Laughter)
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10:40
Don't they?
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(Tawa) Tubuh adalah alat untuk membawa kepala mereka ke pertemuan.
10:41
It's a way of getting
their head to meetings.
their head to meetings.
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10:43
(Laughter)
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Jika anda ingin mendapatkan bukti akan pengalaman keluar dari tubuh,
10:49
If you want real evidence
of out-of-body experiences,
of out-of-body experiences,
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jadi, datanglah ke konferensi pertemuan
10:52
get yourself along to a residential
conference of senior academics,
conference of senior academics,
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para akademisi senior,
dan datanglah ke acara disko pada malam terakhir.
10:56
and pop into the discotheque
on the final night.
on the final night.
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10:58
(Laughter)
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(Tawa) Dan di sana anda akan melihat, lelaki dan perempuan dewasa
11:01
And there, you will see it.
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11:02
Grown men and women
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
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bergoyang tidak terkendali, keluar dari irama,
11:07
(Laughter)
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menanti sampai semuanya berakhir supaya mereka bisa pulang ke rumah dan menulis tulisan mengenai acara tersebut.
11:09
Waiting until it ends so they can
go home and write a paper about it.
go home and write a paper about it.
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Sekarang sistem pendidikan kita dilandasi oleh ide kemampuan akademis.
11:13
(Laughter)
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11:15
Our education system is predicated
on the idea of academic ability.
on the idea of academic ability.
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3843
Dan ada alasannya.
11:19
And there's a reason.
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1241
Keseluruhan sistem diciptakan -- di seluruh dunia, dulu
11:20
Around the world, there were
no public systems of education,
no public systems of education,
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3556
tidak ada sistem pendidikan publik, sebelum abad ke 19.
11:23
really, before the 19th century.
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Sistem-sistem ini muncul
11:26
They all came into being
to meet the needs of industrialism.
to meet the needs of industrialism.
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untuk memenuhi kebutuhan industrialisasi.
Jadi hirarki yang terjadi muncul didasari atas dua ide.
11:29
So the hierarchy is rooted on two ideas.
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Ide pertama, subjek yang paling berguna untuk pekerjaan
11:31
Number one, that the most useful
subjects for work are at the top.
subjects for work are at the top.
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berada di urutan teratas. Jadi anda mungkin diarahkan menjauhi
11:36
So you were
probably steered benignly away
probably steered benignly away
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hal-hal tertentu di sekolah pada waktu anda masih kecil, hal-hal yang anda sukai,
11:38
from things at school when you
were a kid, things you liked,
were a kid, things you liked,
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dengan dasar bahwa anda nantinya
tidak akan mendapatkan pekerjaan dengan hal-hal tersebut. Benar kan?
11:41
on the grounds that you would
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
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Jangan bermain musik, kamu tidak akan menjadi musisi;
11:44
Don't do music, you're not
going to be a musician;
going to be a musician;
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Jangan melakukan seni, kamu tidak akan menjadi artis.
11:46
don't do art, you won't be an artist.
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11:48
Benign advice -- now, profoundly mistaken.
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Nasehat tidak berbahaya -- tapi sekarang terbukti salah. Seluruh dunia
11:52
The whole world
is engulfed in a revolution.
is engulfed in a revolution.
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sedang diliputi sebuah revolusi.
Dan ide yang kedua adalah kemampuan akademis, yang telah mendominasi
11:54
And the second is academic ability,
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11:56
which has really come to dominate
our view of intelligence,
our view of intelligence,
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2885
cara pandang kita akan kecerdasan,
karena universitas mendesain sistem dengan citra mereka.
11:59
because the universities designed
the system in their image.
the system in their image.
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2903
Jika anda berpikir, keseluruhan sistem
12:02
If you think of it, the whole system
of public education around the world
of public education around the world
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pendidikan publik di seluruh dunia adalah proses yang berlarut-larut
dari persiapan masuk universitas.
12:05
is a protracted process
of university entrance.
of university entrance.
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2226
Dan akibatnya adalah banyak orang-orang berbakat hebat,
12:08
And the consequence
is that many highly-talented,
is that many highly-talented,
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2333
cemerlang dan kreatif berpikir mereka tidak bisa apa-apa,
12:10
brilliant, creative
people think they're not,
people think they're not,
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2435
karena hal-hal yang mereka lakukan dengan baik di sekolah
12:12
because the thing
they were good at at school
they were good at at school
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2138
tidak dihargai atau bahkan dianggap buruk.
12:15
wasn't valued,
or was actually stigmatized.
or was actually stigmatized.
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12:17
And I think we can't afford
to go on that way.
to go on that way.
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Dan saya pikir kita tidak bisa terus seperti itu.
12:19
In the next 30 years, according to UNESCO,
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2464
30 tahun lagi, menurut UNESCO
di seluruh dunia akan lebih banyak orang yang lulus
12:22
more people worldwide will be graduating
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melalui pendidikan dibandingnya dari awal sejarah.
12:25
through education
than since the beginning of history.
than since the beginning of history.
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Lebih banyak orang, dan kombinasi
12:27
More people, and it's the combination
of all the things we've talked about --
of all the things we've talked about --
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dari hal-hal yang telah kita bicarakan --
teknologi dan efek perubahannya kepada pekerjaan, dan demografi
12:31
technology and its transformation
effect on work, and demography
effect on work, and demography
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dan ledakan besar populasi.
12:34
and the huge explosion in population.
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Tiba-tiba, gelar menjadi tidak berharga. Iya kan?
12:36
Suddenly, degrees aren't worth anything.
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Saat saya masih pelajar, jika anda memiliki gelar, anda akan mendapat pekerjaan.
12:39
Isn't that true?
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12:40
When I was a student,
if you had a degree, you had a job.
if you had a degree, you had a job.
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2753
Jika anda tidak memiliki pekerjaan, itu karena anda tidak menginginkannya.
12:43
If you didn't have a job,
it's because you didn't want one.
it's because you didn't want one.
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Dan saya tidak menginginkannya, sebenarnya. (Tawa)
12:46
And I didn't want one, frankly. (Laughter)
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12:49
But now kids with degrees
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4074
Tapi sekarang, anak-anak yang bergelar, lebih banyak
12:53
are often heading home
to carry on playing video games,
to carry on playing video games,
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3045
yang pulang ke rumah untuk terus bermain video games,
karena anda membutuhkan gelar Magister padahal dulu pekerjaan ini hanya membutuhkan gelar Sarjana,
12:56
because you need an MA where
the previous job required a BA,
the previous job required a BA,
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dan sekarang anda membutuhkan PhD untuk pekerjaan lainnya.
12:59
and now you need a PhD for the other.
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1787
Ini adalah proses inflasi akademis.
13:01
It's a process of academic inflation.
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13:03
And it indicates the whole
structure of education
structure of education
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Dan ini mengindikasikan keseluruhan struktur pendidikan
telah bergeser di bawah kaki kita. Kita butuh memikirkan kembali dengan radikal
13:05
is shifting beneath our feet.
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1433
13:06
We need to radically rethink
our view of intelligence.
our view of intelligence.
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2620
cara pandang kita terhadap kecerdasan.
Kita tahu tiga hal mengenai kecerdasan,
13:09
We know three things about intelligence.
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1995
Pertama, kecerdasan itu beragam. Kita berpikir mengenai dunia dengan segala cara
13:11
One, it's diverse.
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1227
13:12
We think about the world in all the ways
that we experience it.
that we experience it.
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3005
kita rasakan. Kita berpikir secara visual,
kita berpikir secara suara, kita berpikir secara kinestesis.
13:15
We think visually, we think in sound,
we think kinesthetically.
we think kinesthetically.
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Kita berpikir dalam istilah abstrak, kita berpikir dalam pergerakan.
13:18
We think in abstract terms,
we think in movement.
we think in movement.
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2301
Kedua, kecerdasan itu dinamis.
13:21
Secondly, intelligence is dynamic.
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1754
Jika anda melihat interaksi otak manusia, seperti yang telah kita dengar
13:23
If you look at the interactions
of a human brain,
of a human brain,
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2389
13:26
as we heard yesterday
from a number of presentations,
from a number of presentations,
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2976
kemarin dari sejumlah presentasi,
13:29
intelligence is wonderfully interactive.
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1976
kecerdasaan sangat interaktif.
13:31
The brain isn't divided into compartments.
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2238
Otak tidak dipisah-pisah kedalam ruang terpisah.
13:33
In fact, creativity --
which I define as the process
which I define as the process
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3103
Faktanya, kreativitas -- sesuatu yang saya definisikan sebagai proses
13:37
of having original ideas
that have value --
that have value --
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2325
mendapatkan ide orisinal yang memiliki nilai --
lebih sering muncul dari interaksi
13:39
more often than not comes about
through the interaction
through the interaction
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2652
antara disipliner cara melihat sesuatu yang berbeda.
13:42
of different disciplinary
ways of seeing things.
ways of seeing things.
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Otak dengan sengaja -- di sisi lain,
13:46
By the way, there's a shaft of nerves
that joins the two halves of the brain
that joins the two halves of the brain
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3666
ada sebuah batang syaraf yang menghubungkan kedua bagian otak
13:50
called the corpus callosum.
296
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1491
yang disebut "corpus callosum". Batang ini lebih tebal pada wanita.
13:51
It's thicker in women.
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1266
Seperti kata Helen kemaren, saya pikir
13:53
Following off from Helen yesterday,
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1741
mungkin ini sebabnya wanita lebih baik melakukan berbagai pekerjaan dalam satu waktu.
13:54
this is probably why women
are better at multi-tasking.
are better at multi-tasking.
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3123
13:58
Because you are, aren't you?
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Karena memang wanita lebih baik, iya kan?
13:59
There's a raft of research,
but I know it from my personal life.
but I know it from my personal life.
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Banyak riset yang telah dilakukan, tetapi saya tahu ini dari kehidupan pribadi.
Jika istri saya sedang memasak di rumah --
14:03
If my wife is cooking a meal at home --
which is not often, thankfully.
which is not often, thankfully.
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dia jarang melakukannya, untungnya (Tawa)
14:09
(Laughter)
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Tapi anda tahu, dia melakukan -- dia pintar melakukan hal-lain lainnya --
14:11
No, she's good at some things,
but if she's cooking,
but if she's cooking,
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tapi jika dia memasak, anda tahu,
dia berbicara melalui telepon,
14:14
she's dealing with people on the phone,
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1876
dia berbicara dengan anak-anak, dia mengecat langit-langit,
14:16
she's talking to the kids,
she's painting the ceiling,
she's painting the ceiling,
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832300
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14:18
she's doing open-heart surgery over here.
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dia melakukan operasi jantung di sebelah sini.
14:22
If I'm cooking, the door
is shut, the kids are out,
is shut, the kids are out,
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Jika saya memasak, pintu tertutup, anak-anak di luar,
14:25
the phone's on the hook,
if she comes in I get annoyed.
if she comes in I get annoyed.
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841000
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telepon dicabut, jika istri saya masuk saya merasa terganggu.
14:28
I say, "Terry, please,
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
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Saya katakan, "Tolong, Terry, saya sedang berusaha memasak telur. Beri saya ruang." (Tawa)
14:31
(Laughter)
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14:38
"Give me a break."
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14:39
(Laughter)
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Anda tahu sebuah hal filosofis,
14:41
Actually, do you know
that old philosophical thing,
that old philosophical thing,
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jika sebuah pohon jatuh di dalam hutan dan tidak ada satu pun yang mendengarnya
14:43
if a tree falls in a forest
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
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3253
apakah itu terjadi? Anda ingat pertanyaan itu?
14:47
Remember that old chestnut?
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863252
1329
14:48
I saw a great t-shirt
recently, which said,
recently, which said,
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2409
Saya baru-baru ini pernah melihat sebuah t-shirt bagus yang bertuliskan, "Jika seorang pria mengutarakan pemikirannya
14:51
"If a man speaks his mind
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
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3938
di dalam hutan, dan tidak ada wanita yang mendengarkannya,
14:55
is he still wrong?"
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apakah dia tetap salah?" (Tawa)
14:56
(Laughter)
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5606
15:03
And the third thing about intelligence is,
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Dan hal ketiga mengenai kecerdasan adalah,
15:06
it's distinct.
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1369
kecerdasan itu istimewa. Saya sedang menulis sebuah buku saat ini
15:07
I'm doing a new book at the moment
called "Epiphany,"
called "Epiphany,"
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berjudul "Epiphany" yang berdasarkan sekumpulan
15:10
which is based on a series
of interviews with people
of interviews with people
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2474
wawancara dengan orang-orang mengenai bagaimana mereka menemukan
15:12
about how they discovered their talent.
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888849
1920
bakat mereka. Saya kagum dengan bagaimana orang-orang bisa sampai ke sana.
15:14
I'm fascinated
by how people got to be there.
by how people got to be there.
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890793
2169
Hal ini diawali dari sebuah pembicaraan saya
15:16
It's really prompted by a conversation
I had with a wonderful woman
I had with a wonderful woman
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892986
3190
dengan seorang wanita yang sangat mengagumkan yang mungkin kebanyakan orang
tdak pernah mendengar namanya, dia bernama Gillian Lynne,
15:20
who maybe most people
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
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896200
2676
ada yang pernah dengar? Beberapa pernah. Dia dalah seorang penata tari
15:22
Have you heard of her? Some have.
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1630
dan semua orang tahu karyanya.
15:24
She's a choreographer,
and everybody knows her work.
and everybody knows her work.
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2522
Dia mengerjakan "Cats," dan "Phantom of the Opera."
15:27
She did "Cats" and "Phantom of the Opera."
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903100
2001
Dia mengagumkan. Saya pernah menjadi bagian dari manajemen Royal Ballet, di Inggris,
15:29
She's wonderful.
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905125
978
15:30
I used to be on the board
of The Royal Ballet,
of The Royal Ballet,
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906127
2146
seperti yang anda lihat.
15:32
as you can see.
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908297
1201
15:33
Anyway, Gillian and I had
lunch one day and I said,
lunch one day and I said,
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909522
2400
Jadi, suatu hari Gillian dan saya sedang makan siang dan saya berkata,
"Gillian, bagaimana anda menjadi seorang penari?" Dan dia berkata
15:36
"How did you get to be a dancer?"
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912047
1800
15:37
It was interesting.
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913976
1000
itu adalah hal yang menarik, ketika dia masih bersekolah,
15:39
When she was at school,
she was really hopeless.
she was really hopeless.
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2350
dia tidak dapat diharapkan. Dan sekolah, pada tahun 30an,
15:41
And the school, in the '30s,
wrote to her parents and said,
wrote to her parents and said,
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917374
3602
menulis kepada orangtuanya dan berkata, "Kami berpikir
15:45
"We think Gillian
has a learning disorder."
has a learning disorder."
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921000
2000
Gillian memiliki kekacauan belajar," Dia tidak bisa berkonsentrasi,
selalu gelisah. Saya pikir sekarang mereka akan berkata
15:47
She couldn't concentrate;
she was fidgeting.
she was fidgeting.
341
923024
2142
bahwa dia memilik ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder = penyakit kurang perhatian dan hiperaktif). Iya kan? Tetapi ini tahun 1930an,
15:49
I think now they'd say she had ADHD.
Wouldn't you?
Wouldn't you?
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925190
3290
15:52
But this was the 1930s, and ADHD
hadn't been invented at this point.
hadn't been invented at this point.
343
928504
4059
dan ADHD belum ditemukan pada saat itu.
ADHD bukanlah kondisi yang tersedia. (Tawa)
15:56
It wasn't an available condition.
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932587
2389
15:59
(Laughter)
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935000
2737
Orang-orang tidak sadar bahwa mereka dapat memiliki ADHD.
16:01
People weren't aware they could have that.
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2060
Jadi, Gillian pergi menemui spesialis. Di dalam ruang berlapis kayu oak
16:03
(Laughter)
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939845
2134
16:06
Anyway, she went to see this specialist.
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942003
4278
Dan dia di sana bersama ibunya,
dan dia dibawa dan didudukkan di sebuah kursi di ujung ruangan,
16:10
So, this oak-paneled room,
and she was there with her mother,
and she was there with her mother,
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946305
3722
dan dia duduk di atas tangannya selama 20 menit sementara
16:14
and she was led and sat
on this chair at the end,
on this chair at the end,
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950051
2477
sang spesialis berbicara dengan ibunya mengenai semua
16:16
and she sat on her hands for 20 minutes
while this man talked to her mother
while this man talked to her mother
351
952552
3639
permasalahan yang Gillian dapatkan di sekolah. Dan akhirnya --
16:20
about the problems
Gillian was having at school.
Gillian was having at school.
352
956215
2328
karena Gillian selalu mengganggu orang lain,
16:22
Because she was disturbing people;
her homework was always late; and so on,
her homework was always late; and so on,
353
958567
3677
pekerjaan rumahnya selalu terlambat dan lain-lain,
anak berusia delapan tahun -- pada akhirnya, dokter ini duduk
16:26
little kid of eight.
354
962268
1096
16:27
In the end, the doctor
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
355
963388
3055
di sebelah Gillian dan berkata, "Gillian,
saya telah mendengarkan semua hal yang ibumu
16:30
"I've listened to all these
things your mother's told me,
things your mother's told me,
356
966467
2705
sampaikan, dan saya butuh untuk berbicara dengannya sendirian."
16:33
I need to speak to her privately.
357
969196
1619
Dokter itu berkata, "Tunggu di sini, kami akan kembali, kami tidak akan lama."
16:34
Wait here. We'll be back;
we won't be very long,"
we won't be very long,"
358
970839
2376
dan mereka pergi dan meninggalkannya.
16:37
and they went and left her.
359
973239
2325
Tetapi saat dokter dan ibunya pergi meninggalkan ruangan, sang dokter menyalakan radio
16:39
But as they went out of the room,
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975588
1636
yang berada diatas meja. Dan saat mereka
16:41
he turned on the radio
that was sitting on his desk.
that was sitting on his desk.
361
977248
2500
keluar dari ruangan, sang dokter berkata kepada ibu Gillian,
16:44
And when they got out, he said to her
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
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980342
3430
"Berdiri di sini dan lihatlah Gillian." Seketika mereka meninggalkan ruangan,
16:48
And the minute they left the room,
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984000
2991
Gillian berkata, Gillian langsung berdiri, bergerak mengikuti irama musik.
16:51
she was on her feet, moving to the music.
364
987015
2484
Dokter dan ibu Gillian memperhatikan itu selama beberapa menit
16:53
And they watched for a few minutes
and he turned to her mother and said,
and he turned to her mother and said,
365
989523
3453
dan sang dokter berkata kepada ibu Gillian,
16:57
"Mrs. Lynne, Gillian
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
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993000
3976
"Nyonya Lynne, Gillian tidak sakit, dia seorang penari.
17:01
Take her to a dance school."
367
997000
1976
Bawa dia ke sekolah tari."
17:03
I said, "What happened?"
368
999000
1976
Saya berkata, "Apa yang lalu terjadi?"
17:05
She said, "She did. I can't tell you
how wonderful it was.
how wonderful it was.
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1001000
2976
Gillian berkata, "Ibu saya melakukannya. Saya tidak dapat berkata bagaimana indahnya waktu itu.
17:08
We walked in this room
and it was full of people like me.
and it was full of people like me.
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1004000
2753
Kami berjalan masuk ke dalam ruangan dan ruangan itu penuh dengan
orang-orang seperti saya. Orang-orang yang tidak dapat berdiri diam.
17:10
People who couldn't sit still.
371
1006777
2199
17:13
People who had to move to think."
Who had to move to think.
Who had to move to think.
372
1009000
4587
Orang-orang yang harus bergerak untuk berpikir." Orang-orang yang harus bergerak untuk berpikir.
Mereka melakukan balet, tap, jazz,
17:17
They did ballet, they did tap, jazz;
they did modern; they did contemporary.
they did modern; they did contemporary.
373
1013746
3630
mereka melakukan tari modern, tari kontemporer.
Gillian akhirnya diaudisi untuk Royal Ballet School,
17:21
She was eventually auditioned
for the Royal Ballet School;
for the Royal Ballet School;
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1017400
2820
dia menjadi seorang solois, dia memiliki karir yang mengagumkan
17:24
she became a soloist; she had
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
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1020244
3299
di Royal Ballet. Akhirnya dia lulus
dari Royal Ballet School dan
17:27
She eventually graduated
from the Royal Ballet School,
from the Royal Ballet School,
376
1023567
2608
mendirikan perusahaannya sendiri, Gillian Lynne Dance Company,
17:30
founded the Gillian Lynne Dance Company,
377
1026200
1975
bertemu Andrew Lloyd Weber. Dia menghasilkan
17:32
met Andrew Lloyd Webber.
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1243
17:33
She's been responsible for
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1029568
1409
beberapa produksi karya teater musikal yang sangat sukses
17:35
some of the most successful
musical theater productions in history,
musical theater productions in history,
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1031001
3146
dalam sejarah, dia memberikan hiburan kepada jutaan orang,
17:38
she's given pleasure to millions,
and she's a multi-millionaire.
and she's a multi-millionaire.
381
1034172
3072
17:41
Somebody else might have put her
on medication and told her to calm down.
on medication and told her to calm down.
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4070
dan dia menjadi seorang jutawan. Orang lain
mungkin akan memberikan dia pengobatan dan menyuruh dia
17:45
(Applause)
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1041364
6782
untuk lebih tenang.
Sekarang, saya berpkiri -- (Tepuk tangan) Yang saya pikirkan adalah:
17:52
What I think it comes to is this:
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1048575
1601
Al Gore berbicara di malam sebelumnya
17:54
Al Gore spoke the other night
385
1050200
1776
17:56
about ecology and the revolution
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
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1052000
4269
mengenai ekologi, dan revolusi yang dicetuskan oleh Rachel Carson.
Saya percaya bahwa harapan satu-satunya kita untuk masa depan
18:01
I believe our only hope for the future
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1057111
2166
adalah mengadopsi sebuah konsep baru akan ekologi manusia,
18:03
is to adopt a new conception
of human ecology,
of human ecology,
388
1059301
3833
ekologi yang memulai kita untuk mengatur ulang konsep kita
18:07
one in which we start
to reconstitute our conception
to reconstitute our conception
389
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2818
18:10
of the richness of human capacity.
390
1066000
1976
akan kekayaan kepasitas manusia.
18:12
Our education system has mined our minds
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1068000
3499
Sistem pendidikan kita telah menambang pikiran kita dengan cara
18:15
in the way that we strip-mine the earth:
for a particular commodity.
for a particular commodity.
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3276
kita menambang bumi kita: untuk komoditas tertentu.
Dan untuk masa depan, hal itu tidak akan memberi apa-apa untuk kita.
18:19
And for the future, it won't serve us.
393
1075188
2484
Kita harus memikirkan ulang prinsip dasar
18:21
We have to rethink
the fundamental principles
the fundamental principles
394
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2280
18:24
on which we're educating our children.
395
1080000
1968
bagaimana kita mendidik anak-anak kita. Ada
sebuah kutipan indah dari Jonas Salk, yang berkata, "Jika semua serangga
18:26
There was a wonderful quote
by Jonas Salk, who said,
by Jonas Salk, who said,
396
1082087
2674
18:28
"If all the insects
were to disappear from the Earth,
were to disappear from the Earth,
397
1084785
5039
hilang dari bumi,
dalam 50 tahun, semua kehidupan di bumi akan berakhir.
18:33
within 50 years all life
on Earth would end.
on Earth would end.
398
1089848
2841
Jika semua manusia hilang dari bumi
18:37
If all human beings
disappeared from the Earth,
disappeared from the Earth,
399
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3072
dalam 50 tahun, semua bentuk kehidupan akan sejahtera."
18:40
within 50 years all forms
of life would flourish."
of life would flourish."
400
1096784
2634
Dan dia benar.
18:44
And he's right.
401
1100244
1285
Yang TED rayakan adalah rahmat dari imajinasi manusia.
18:46
What TED celebrates is the gift
of the human imagination.
of the human imagination.
402
1102291
3634
Kita harus berhati-hati sekarang bagaimana kita menggunakan rahmat ini
18:50
We have to be careful now
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2071
secara bijaksana, dan kita menghindari beberapa skenario
18:52
that we use this gift wisely
404
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2255
18:54
and that we avert some of the scenarios
that we've talked about.
that we've talked about.
405
1110791
3229
skenario yang telah kita bicarakan. Dan satu-satunya cara
18:58
And the only way we'll do it is by seeing
our creative capacities
our creative capacities
406
1114044
3932
kita melakukannya adalah dengan melihat kapasitas kreatif kita
19:02
for the richness they are
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1610
dari sisi betapa kayanya mereka, dan melihat
19:03
and seeing our children
for the hope that they are.
for the hope that they are.
408
1119634
3182
anak-anak kita dengan harapan yang mereka miliki. Dan tugas kita
19:06
And our task is to educate
their whole being,
their whole being,
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2398
adalah mendidik mereka secara keseluruhan, supaya mereka dapat menghadapi masa depan.
19:09
so they can face this future.
410
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1484
Kita mungkin tidak akan melihat masa depan tersebut,
19:10
By the way -- we may not see this future,
411
1126770
2206
19:13
but they will.
412
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1430
tapi mereka akan melihatnya. Dan tugas kita adalah membantu
19:14
And our job is to help them
make something of it.
make something of it.
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1130454
3079
mereka untuk berbuat sesuatu akan masa depan itu. Terima kasih banyak.
19:17
Thank you very much.
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1000
19:18
(Applause)
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3000
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com