TEDxSouthBank
Yassmin Abdel-Magied: What does my headscarf mean to you?
雅思敏·阿布戴尔－马吉德: 我的头巾对你意味着什么？
Filmed:
Readability: 3.9
2,259,470 views
无意识偏见在现行文化中十分普遍，这使得我们根据自己的出身和影响力作出各类假设。这种隐秘的偏见几乎影响了所有事情，现在是时候我们应该变得更加考虑周全、更聪明、更优秀了。在这场有趣又真诚的演讲中，雅思敏使用了一种令人惊喜的方式，挑战着所有听众突破他们最初的想法。
Yassmin Abdel-Magied - Mechanical engineer, social advocate
Yassmin Abdel-Magied wears many hats, including a hijab. She's a mechanical engineer, writer and activist who campaigns for tolerance and diversity. Full bio
Yassmin Abdel-Magied wears many hats, including a hijab. She's a mechanical engineer, writer and activist who campaigns for tolerance and diversity. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Someone who looks like me
walks past you in the street.
walks past you in the street.
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在街上如果有
看起来和我很像的人经过你身边
看起来和我很像的人经过你身边
00:18
Do you think they're a mother,
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你会认为他们是母亲？
00:20
a refugee
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难民？
00:22
or a victim of oppression?
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还是压迫下的受害者？
00:24
Or do you think they're a cardiologist,
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或者你会认为他们是心脏病专家？
00:26
a barrister
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法庭律师？
00:27
or maybe your local politician?
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或者当地的政客？
00:30
Do you look me up and down,
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你会上下打量我
00:32
wondering how hot I must get
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猜想我该觉得有多热
00:33
or if my husband has forced me
to wear this outfit?
to wear this outfit?
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或者我的丈夫是否强迫我穿成这样
00:38
What if I wore my scarf like this?
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如果我把围巾戴成这样呢
00:43
I can walk down the street
in the exact same outfit
in the exact same outfit
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我可以装扮得完全一样
走过街道
走过街道
00:46
and what the world expects of me
and the way I'm treated
and the way I'm treated
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周围人对我的看法和态度
00:49
depends on the arrangement
of this piece of cloth.
of this piece of cloth.
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都取决于我怎么佩戴这块头巾
00:52
But this isn't going to be
another monologue about the hijab
another monologue about the hijab
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这并不是又一个关于伊斯兰妇女头巾的独白
00:55
because Lord knows, Muslim women
are so much more than the piece of cloth
are so much more than the piece of cloth
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因为上帝知道
伊斯兰妇女远不是一条头巾就能代表的
伊斯兰妇女远不是一条头巾就能代表的
00:59
they choose, or not,
to wrap their head in.
to wrap their head in.
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无论他们是否选择佩戴
01:03
This is about looking beyond your bias.
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这是一个关于
抛弃个人偏见的问题
抛弃个人偏见的问题
01:08
What if I walked past you and later on
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如果我走过你的身旁
01:10
you'd found out that actually
I was a race car engineer,
I was a race car engineer,
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之后你发现我实际上
是一名赛车工程师
是一名赛车工程师
01:13
and that I designed my own race car
and I ran my university's race team,
and I ran my university's race team,
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设计了自己的赛车
组织了自己的大学赛车队呢？
组织了自己的大学赛车队呢？
01:17
because it's true.
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因为这是真的
01:19
What if I told you that I was actually
trained as a boxer for five years,
trained as a boxer for five years,
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如果我告诉你我其实
做了五年拳击手呢？
做了五年拳击手呢？
01:24
because that's true, too.
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因为这也是事实
01:26
Would it surprise you?
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你会感到惊讶吗？
01:29
Why?
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为什么？
01:31
Ladies and gentlemen, ultimately,
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先生们 女士们 总之
01:33
that surprise and the behaviors
associated with it
associated with it
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你们感到的惊讶
和作出的行为
和作出的行为
01:36
are the product of something
called unconscious bias,
called unconscious bias,
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是无意识里偏见的产物
01:39
or implicit prejudice.
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或者说
隐形偏见的产物
隐形偏见的产物
01:40
And that results in the
ridiculously detrimental
ridiculously detrimental
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结果这导致了严重有害的后果
01:43
lack of diversity in our workforce,
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那就是
劳动力中多样性的缺乏
劳动力中多样性的缺乏
01:45
particularly in areas of influence.
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尤其是在具有较强影响力的领域
01:47
Hello, Australian Federal Cabinet.
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嗨 澳大利亚联邦内阁
01:50
(Applause)
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（掌声）
01:52
Let me just set something out
from the outset:
from the outset:
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我想先讲讲这个
01:55
Unconscious bias is not the same
as conscious discrimination.
as conscious discrimination.
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无意识偏见不同于有意识的歧视
01:58
I'm not saying that in all of you,
there's a secret sexist or racist
there's a secret sexist or racist
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我并非指在座各位
都是秘密的性别歧视者或种族歧视者
都是秘密的性别歧视者或种族歧视者
02:02
or ageist lurking within,
waiting to get out.
waiting to get out.
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或年龄歧视者
你们等待着把歧视公之于众
你们等待着把歧视公之于众
02:04
That's not what I'm saying.
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我并非这个意思
02:06
We all have our biases.
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我们都有自己的偏见
02:08
They're the filters through which
we see the world around us.
we see the world around us.
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偏见是我们观察这个世界的过滤器
02:11
I'm not accusing anyone,
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我不是在指责任何人
02:13
bias is not an accusation.
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偏见并非罪过
02:15
Rather, it's something that
has to be identified,
has to be identified,
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反而
我们需要意识到这些偏见
我们需要意识到这些偏见
02:17
acknowledged and mitigated against.
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承认偏见 减轻偏见
02:21
Bias can be about race,
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偏见可以是关于种族
02:22
it can be about gender.
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可以是关于性别
02:23
It can also be about class,
education, disability.
education, disability.
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也可以是关于阶级 教育程度 和残障
02:27
The fact is, we all have biases
against what's different,
against what's different,
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事实上
我们都对与众不同的事物抱有偏见
我们都对与众不同的事物抱有偏见
02:30
what's different to our social norms.
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对那些和社会习俗不同的事物
抱有偏见
抱有偏见
02:33
The thing is, if we want
to live in a world
to live in a world
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问题是 如果我们希望
02:36
where the circumstances of your birth
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自己出身的环境
02:39
do not dictate your future
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不会决定我们的未来
02:41
and where equal opportunity is ubiquitous,
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到处都是平等的机会的话
02:44
then each and every one of us
has a role to play
has a role to play
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那么我们每个人都要做出努力
02:47
in making sure unconscious bias
does not determine our lives.
does not determine our lives.
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确保无意识偏见
无法决定我们的命运
无法决定我们的命运
02:52
There's this really famous experiment
in the space of unconscious bias
in the space of unconscious bias
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曾有一个著名的
关于性别领域中无意识偏见的实验
关于性别领域中无意识偏见的实验
02:55
and that's in the space of gender
in the 1970s and 1980s.
in the 1970s and 1980s.
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那是在上世纪七八十年代
02:59
So orchestras, back in the day,
were made up mostly of dudes,
were made up mostly of dudes,
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当时的交响乐团大部分都由男性组成
03:03
up to only five percent were female.
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只有5%的女性成员
03:06
And apparently, that was because
men played it differently,
men played it differently,
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显然 这是因为
03:09
presumably better, presumably.
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人们假设男性成员演奏得更好
03:12
But in 1952, The Boston Symphony Orchestra
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但在1952年 波士顿交响乐团
03:15
started an experiment.
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开始了一项实验
03:17
They started blind auditions.
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他们开始了“盲听”选拔
03:19
So rather than face-to-face auditions,
you would have to play behind a screen.
you would have to play behind a screen.
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演奏者在幕布后面演奏
而不是进行面对面的试音
而不是进行面对面的试音
03:22
Now funnily enough,
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非常有趣的是
03:24
no immediate change was registered
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事情并没有立刻发生变化
03:26
until they asked the audition-ers
to take their shoes off
to take their shoes off
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直到演奏者被要求
03:29
before they entered the room.
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在进入试音房间前脱去鞋子
03:31
because the clickity-clack
of the heels
of the heels
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因为光是鞋跟踩在硬木地板上的嗒嗒声
03:33
against the hardwood floors
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03:35
was enough to give the ladies away.
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就足以出卖那些女性演奏者
03:37
Now get this,
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于是
03:39
there results of the audition showed
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试音的结果表示
03:41
that there was a 50 percent
increased chance
increased chance
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女性演奏员通过试音前几关的机会
03:44
a woman would progress past
the preliminary stage.
the preliminary stage.
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提高了50%
03:47
And it almost tripled
their chances of getting in.
their chances of getting in.
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她们最后通过的几率提高了3倍
03:51
What does that tell us?
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这个故事告诉了我们什么呢
03:53
Well, unfortunately for the guys,
men actually didn't play differently,
men actually didn't play differently,
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不幸的是 我得告诉男士们
男性并没有演奏得更好
男性并没有演奏得更好
03:56
but there was the perception
that they did.
that they did.
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只是大家这样以为罢了
03:59
And it was that bias that was
determining their outcome.
determining their outcome.
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正是这种偏见决定了他们的结果
04:03
So what we're doing here
is identifying and acknowledging
is identifying and acknowledging
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所以我们现在要做的就是
04:06
that a bias exists.
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认识到 并且承认
偏见是存在的
偏见是存在的
04:07
And look, we all do it.
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我们都有
04:08
Let me give you an example.
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让我来举个列子
04:10
A son and his father are in
a horrible car accident.
a horrible car accident.
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一个儿子和他的父亲
遭遇了一场可怕的车祸
遭遇了一场可怕的车祸
04:14
The father dies on impact
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父亲当场死亡
04:16
and the son, who's severely injured,
is rushed to hospital.
is rushed to hospital.
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而身受重伤的儿子
被送去了医院
被送去了医院
04:19
The surgeon looks at the son
when they arrive and is like,
when they arrive and is like,
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当他们到达后
外科医生看着儿子说
外科医生看着儿子说
04:23
"I can't operate."
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我不能进行手术
04:25
Why?
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为什么呢？
04:27
"The boy is my son."
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这个男孩是我儿子
04:30
How can that be?
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怎么会呢？
04:32
Ladies and gentlemen,
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女士 先生们
04:33
the surgeon is his mother.
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那名外科医生是他的母亲
04:36
Now hands up -- and it's okay --
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现在举手 没有关系
04:38
but hands up if you initially assumed
the surgeon was a guy?
the surgeon was a guy?
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但如果你最假设那名医生是男性的观众请举手。
04:42
There's evidence that
that unconscious bias exists,
that unconscious bias exists,
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有证据表明
无意识偏见是存在的
无意识偏见是存在的
04:45
but we all just have
to acknowledge that it's there
to acknowledge that it's there
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只是我们需要承认它的存在
04:48
and then look at ways
that we can move past it
that we can move past it
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并寻求解决方法
04:51
so that we can look at solutions.
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04:54
Now one of the interesting things
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在无意识偏见领域
有一个很有趣的话题
有一个很有趣的话题
04:57
around the space of unconscious bias
is the topic of quotas.
is the topic of quotas.
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就是选拔问题
05:00
And this something
that's often brought up.
that's often brought up.
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这是经常会被提到的问题
05:02
And of of the criticisms
is this idea of merit.
is this idea of merit.
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被诟病最多的
就是有关优点这一概念
就是有关优点这一概念
05:05
Look, I don't want to be picked
because I'm a chick,
because I'm a chick,
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听着 我不想因为我长得漂亮被挑选
05:09
I want to be picked because
I have merit,
I have merit,
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我想因为有能力而被挑选
05:11
because I'm the best person for the job.
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因为我是最适合这份工作的人
05:13
It's a sentiment that's pretty common
among female engineers
among female engineers
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这是很多女性工程师都有的想法
05:16
that I work with and that I know.
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至少我共事过的 我认识的都是这样
05:18
And yeah, I get it, I've been there.
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是啊 我理解 我也这样想过
05:20
But, if the merit idea was true,
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但如果真是这样的话
05:22
why would identical resumes,
in an experiment done in 2012 by Yale,
in an experiment done in 2012 by Yale,
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为何在耶鲁大学2012年所做的一个实验中
05:27
identical resumes sent out
for a lab technician,
for a lab technician,
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应聘实验室技术人员时
发出的两份完全相同的简历
发出的两份完全相同的简历
05:32
why would Jennifers
be deemed less competent,
be deemed less competent,
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会使得面试人认为
约翰比詹妮弗能力更高
约翰比詹妮弗能力更高
05:35
be less likely to be offered the job,
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更有可能得到工作
05:37
and be paid less than Johns.
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得到更高的工资呢
05:42
The unconscious bias is there,
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无意识偏见的确存在
05:43
but we just have to look at
how we can move past it.
how we can move past it.
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只是我们需要想办法克服它
05:46
And, you know, it's interesting,
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而且 有趣的是
05:47
there's some research that talks about
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有过很多研究
05:49
why this is the case and
it's called the merit paradox.
it's called the merit paradox.
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都在讨论这类问题
这被称作优点悖论
这被称作优点悖论
05:52
And in organizations --
and this is kind of ironic --
and this is kind of ironic --
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对很多机构来说
有点讽刺的是
有点讽刺的是
05:54
in organizations that talk about merit
being their primary value-driver
being their primary value-driver
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那些声称雇佣人才时
05:58
in terms of who they hire,
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首先考虑应聘者自身价值的机构
06:00
they were more likely to hire dudes
and more likely to pay the guys more
and more likely to pay the guys more
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都更倾向于雇佣男性
付给男性更高工资
付给男性更高工资
06:03
because apparently merit
is a masculine quality.
is a masculine quality.
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因为优秀显然是男性的特质
06:07
But, hey.
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但是 嘿
06:08
So you guys think you've got
a good read on me,
a good read on me,
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所以你们以为已经了解我了
06:10
you kinda think you know what's up.
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你们以为你们知道是怎么回事
06:14
Can you imagine me running one of these?
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但你们能想象我来做这件事吗
06:17
Can you imagine me walking in
and being like,
and being like,
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你们能想象我走进屋子
然后说
然后说
06:20
"Hey boys, this is what's up.
This is how it's done."
This is how it's done."
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嘿各位 就得这样了 没办法
06:23
Well, I'm glad you can.
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那好吧 我很欣慰你们能想象出来
06:31
(Applause)
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（掌声）
06:37
Because ladies and gentlemen,
that's my day job.
that's my day job.
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因为 女士们 先生们
这就是我每天的工作
这就是我每天的工作
06:40
And the cool thing about it is
that it's pretty entertaining.
that it's pretty entertaining.
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其中好的一点就是
这做起来挺愉快的
这做起来挺愉快的
06:43
Actually, in places like Malaysia,
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其实 在马来西亚这类地方
06:44
Muslim women on rigs
isn't even comment-worthy.
isn't even comment-worthy.
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船上的穆斯林女人不足为奇
06:47
There are that many of them.
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因为她们比比皆是
06:48
But, it is entertaining.
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但是 有时候挺有趣的
06:49
I remember, I was telling one of the guys,
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我记得 我对一个男人说
06:52
"Hey, mate, look, I really want
to learn how to surf."
to learn how to surf."
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嘿 老兄 我真的很想学冲浪
06:54
And he's like, "Yassmin, I don't
know how you can surf
know how you can surf
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然后他说
Yassmin 我真的不知道你该怎么冲浪
Yassmin 我真的不知道你该怎么冲浪
06:57
with all that gear you've got on,
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因为你穿成那样
06:59
and I don't know any women-only beaches."
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而且我也不知道有
只允许女人去的海滩
只允许女人去的海滩
07:02
And then, the guy came up
with a brilliant idea,
with a brilliant idea,
148
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紧接着
这个人想出了一个绝妙的点子
这个人想出了一个绝妙的点子
07:04
he was like, "I know, you run
that organization
that organization
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他说
我知道了 你不是在运营那个组织吗
我知道了 你不是在运营那个组织吗
07:06
Youth Without Borders, right?
150
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叫 年轻无极限 对吧？
07:08
Why don't you start a clothing line
for Muslim chicks in beaches.
for Muslim chicks in beaches.
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你可以在海滩上
组织一场穆斯林姑娘的时装秀嘛
组织一场穆斯林姑娘的时装秀嘛
07:13
You can call it
Youth Without Boardshorts."
Youth Without Boardshorts."
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你可以管它叫
年轻无泳裤
年轻无泳裤
07:15
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
07:17
And I was like, "Thanks, guys."
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于是我说
谢了 兄弟
谢了 兄弟
07:19
And I remember another bloke
telling me that
telling me that
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我还记得另一个家伙对我说
07:22
I should eat all the yogurt I could
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我可以把能吃到的酸奶都吃了
07:24
because that was the only culture
I was going to get around there.
I was going to get around there.
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因为我在那个地方
只能学到这一种文化
只能学到这一种文化
07:29
But, the problem is, it's kind of true
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不过 问题是 他说的没什么大错
07:32
because there's an intense
lack of diversity in our workforce,
lack of diversity in our workforce,
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因为我们的劳动人员队伍
十分缺乏多样性
十分缺乏多样性
07:35
particularly in places of influence.
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尤其是在有影响力的领域
07:37
Now, in 2010,
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现在 在2010年时
07:39
The Australian National University
did an experiment
did an experiment
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澳大利亚国立大学进行了一项实验
07:41
where they sent out
4,000 identical applications
4,000 identical applications
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他们发出了4000份完全相同的申请
07:45
to entry level jobs, essentially.
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主要是申请一些差不多的工作
结果表明
结果表明
07:48
To get the same number of interviews
as someone with an Anglo-Saxon name,
as someone with an Anglo-Saxon name,
165
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如果想得到和有欧美人名字的申请者
一样多的面试机会
一样多的面试机会
07:53
if you were Chinese, you had
to send out 68 percent more applications.
to send out 68 percent more applications.
166
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如果你是中国人
你需要多申请68次
你需要多申请68次
07:57
If you were Middle Eastern --
Abdel-Magied --
Abdel-Magied --
167
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如果你是中东人
08:00
you had to send out 64 percent,
168
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你需要多申请64次
08:02
and if you're Italian,
you're pretty lucky,
you're pretty lucky,
169
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如果你是意大利人
还是挺幸运的
还是挺幸运的
08:04
you only have to send out 12 percent more.
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你只需要多申请12次
08:07
In places like Silicon Valley,
it's not that much better.
it's not that much better.
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在硅谷之类的地方
情况也不太乐观
情况也不太乐观
08:10
In Google, they put out
some diversity results
some diversity results
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在谷歌 人员构成大概为
08:12
and 61 percent white, 30 percent Asian
and nine, a bunch of blacks, Hispanics,
and nine, a bunch of blacks, Hispanics,
173
480448
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61%白人 30%亚裔人
9%黑人和西班牙裔人
9%黑人和西班牙裔人
08:19
all that kind of thing.
174
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到处都是一样
08:20
And the rest of the tech world
is not that much better
is not that much better
175
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整个科技行业都差不多
08:23
and they've acknowledged it,
176
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他们已经承认了事实
08:24
but I'm not really sure
what they're doing about it.
what they're doing about it.
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但我并不知道
他们打算做点什么
他们打算做点什么
08:27
The thing is, it doesn't trickle up.
178
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情况并没有好转
08:29
In a study done by Green Park,
179
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Green Park公司是英国一家
高级酒店连锁集团
高级酒店连锁集团
08:31
who are a British senior exec supplier,
180
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它作出的一项研究显示
08:35
they said that over half
of the FTSE 100 companies
of the FTSE 100 companies
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富时100指数中超过半数的公司
08:39
don't have a nonwhite leader
at their board level,
at their board level,
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其董事层都是完全由白人组成的
08:42
executive or non-executive.
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无论他们有没有执行权
08:43
And two out of every three
don't have an executive
don't have an executive
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并且在三分之二的公司中
有执行权的董事
有执行权的董事
08:47
who's from a minority.
185
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都不是来自少数种族
08:49
And most of the minorities
that are at that sort of level
that are at that sort of level
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董事级别的少数族人
08:52
are non-executive board directors.
187
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1642
大多是非执行董事
08:54
So their influence isn't that great.
188
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所以他们的权力不大
08:57
I've told you a bunch of terrible things.
189
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2215
我已经给你们讲了很多坏事了
08:59
You're like, "Oh my god, how bad is that?
What can I do about it?"
What can I do about it?"
190
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你们一定觉得
天呐 这么惨 我能做点什么
天呐 这么惨 我能做点什么
09:03
Well, fortunately,
191
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2153
嗯 好事就是
09:05
we've identified that there's a problem.
192
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2042
你们已经认识到问题的存在了
09:07
There's a lack of opportunity,
and that's due to unconscious bias.
and that's due to unconscious bias.
193
535857
4936
由于潜意识偏见
很多人失去了机会
很多人失去了机会
09:13
But you might be sitting
there thinking,
there thinking,
194
541713
1959
但你们可能正在想
09:15
"I ain't brown. What's that got
to do with me?"
to do with me?"
195
543672
3810
反正我是白人
和我有什么关系呢
和我有什么关系呢
09:20
Let me offer you a solution.
196
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2424
我来告诉你吧
09:22
And as I've said before,
197
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正如我刚才讲的
09:23
we live in a world where
we're looking for an ideal.
we're looking for an ideal.
198
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3851
我们活在世上
都在追求理想的世界
都在追求理想的世界
09:27
And if we want to create a world
199
555568
1640
如果我们希望
09:29
where the circumstances
of your birth don't matter,
of your birth don't matter,
200
557208
2601
自己出身的环境
不再那么重要
不再那么重要
09:31
we all have to be part of the solution.
201
559809
2029
我们都得参与进来 一起解决
09:33
And interestingly, the author
of the lab resume experiment
of the lab resume experiment
202
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3075
有趣的是
那个实验室简历实验的作者
那个实验室简历实验的作者
09:36
offered some sort of a solution.
203
564913
1601
提出了一些解决方案
09:38
She said the one thing that brought
the successful women together,
the successful women together,
204
566514
3734
她说
使成功女性聚在一起的一件事
使成功女性聚在一起的一件事
09:42
the one thing that they had in common,
205
570248
1979
成功女性共有的一个特点
09:44
was the fact that they had good mentors.
206
572227
2467
就是她们都得到了很好的教导
09:46
So mentoring, we've all kind of
heard that before,
heard that before,
207
574694
2445
教导
我们差不多都听说过一些
我们差不多都听说过一些
09:49
it's in the vernacular.
208
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2438
这是方言里的说法
09:52
Here's another challenge for you.
209
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2394
现在我又要给你们提出一个挑战
09:54
I challenge each and every one of you
to mentor someone different.
to mentor someone different.
210
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4200
我希望你们每人
都来教导一个人
都来教导一个人
09:59
Think about it.
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1217
想想吧
10:00
Everyone wants to mentor someone
who kind of is familiar,
who kind of is familiar,
212
588988
3046
每个人都想要教导一个熟悉的
10:04
who looks like us,
213
592034
859
和我们相似的
10:04
we have shared experiences.
214
592893
1474
有共同经历的人
10:06
If I see a Muslim chick
who's got a bit of attitude,
who's got a bit of attitude,
215
594367
2661
如果我看见一个穆斯林姑娘
态度还不错
态度还不错
10:09
I'm like, "What's up? We can hang out."
216
597028
1853
我可能就会说
怎么样 我们可以一起出去玩
怎么样 我们可以一起出去玩
10:10
You walk into a room and there's someone
who went to the same school,
who went to the same school,
217
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3236
你走进一间屋子
看见屋里有你的校友
看见屋里有你的校友
10:14
you play the same sports,
218
602117
1311
或者你们玩同一种运动
10:15
there's a high chance that you're
going to want to help that person out.
going to want to help that person out.
219
603428
3554
很可能你就会帮助那个人
10:19
But for the person in the room
who has no shared experiences with you
who has no shared experiences with you
220
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3493
但对于屋子里
和你没有共同经历的人来说
和你没有共同经历的人来说
10:22
it becomes extremely difficult
to find that connection.
to find that connection.
221
610509
2906
想要找到那种联系
是极其困难的
是极其困难的
10:25
The idea of finding someone
different to mentor,
different to mentor,
222
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2419
找一个与你不同的陌生人来教导他
10:27
someone who doesn't come
from the same background as you,
from the same background as you,
223
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2671
找一个和你背景不同的人
10:30
whatever that background is,
224
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1483
无论是什么背景
10:31
is about opening doors
for people who couldn't even get
for people who couldn't even get
225
619988
3348
这件事意味着对他人敞开大门
10:35
to the damn hallway.
226
623336
1995
虽然他可能离门还有很远
10:38
Because ladies and gentlemen,
the world is not just.
the world is not just.
227
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3485
因为女士们 先生们
这个世界是不公平的
这个世界是不公平的
10:41
People are not born
with equal opportunity.
with equal opportunity.
228
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2133
人们生来机会便不均等
10:43
I was born in one of the poorest
cities in the world, Khartoum.
cities in the world, Khartoum.
229
631699
3287
我生在世界上最穷的城市之一
喀土穆
喀土穆
10:46
I was born brown, I was born female,
230
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2121
我是棕色人种
我是女人
我是女人
10:49
and I was born Muslim in a world
that is pretty suspicious of us
that is pretty suspicious of us
231
637107
3834
我还是穆斯林
这世界对穆斯林有太多偏见
这世界对穆斯林有太多偏见
10:52
for reasons I can't control.
232
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3245
我控制不了
10:56
However, I also acknowledge the fact
that I was born with privilege.
that I was born with privilege.
233
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3970
但是 我也同时承认
我生来带有优势
我生来带有优势
11:00
I was born with amazing parents,
234
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1669
我的父母开明
11:01
I was given an education
235
649825
1605
我受到良好教育
11:03
and had the blessing
of migrating to Australia.
of migrating to Australia.
236
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2637
还有幸移民到澳大利亚
11:06
But also, I've been blessed
with amazing mentors
with amazing mentors
237
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2591
但与此同时
我还很幸运的遇见了好的指路人
我还很幸运的遇见了好的指路人
11:08
who've opened doors for me
that I didn't even know were there.
that I didn't even know were there.
238
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3016
他们甚至还不了解我
就为我打开了门
就为我打开了门
11:11
A mentor who said to me,
239
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1358
一位导师曾对我说
11:13
"Hey, your story's interesting.
240
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1603
嘿 你的故事很有趣
11:14
Let's write something about it
so that I can share it with people."
so that I can share it with people."
241
662635
3227
我们写点什么吧
这样我就能和人们分享了
这样我就能和人们分享了
11:17
A mentor who said,
242
665862
1006
另一位导师说
11:18
"I know you're all those things that don't
belong on an Australian rig,
belong on an Australian rig,
243
666868
3351
我知道你看起来不像澳大利亚的人
11:22
but come on anyway."
244
670219
1329
但还是来吧
11:23
And here I am, talking to you.
245
671548
1507
所以我现在才能在这里
和你们说话
和你们说话
11:25
And I'm not the only one.
246
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1338
我不是唯一一个
11:26
There's all sorts of people
in my communities
in my communities
247
674393
2469
在我所处的社会中
有各类人们
有各类人们
11:28
that I see have been
helped out by mentors.
helped out by mentors.
248
676862
2164
他们都被良师拯救了
我亲眼所见
我亲眼所见
11:31
A young Muslim man in Sydney
249
679026
1779
悉尼的一个年轻穆斯林
11:32
who ended up using his mentor's help
250
680805
3168
最后靠着导师的帮助
11:35
to start up a poetry slam in Bankstown
251
683973
3503
在班克斯镇创立了一个诗歌会
11:39
and now it's a huge thing.
252
687476
1622
现在已经做得很大
11:41
And he's able to change the lives
of so many other young people.
of so many other young people.
253
689098
3120
他能够改变许多年轻人的生活
11:44
Or a lady here in Brisbane,
254
692218
1324
还有一位布里斯班的女士
11:45
an Afghan lady who's a refugee,
255
693542
1858
是一位阿富汗难民
11:47
who could barely speak English
when she came to Australia,
when she came to Australia,
256
695400
2751
刚来澳大利亚时还不怎么会说英语
11:50
her mentors helped her become a doctor
257
698151
1879
她的导师帮助她成为了一名医生
11:52
and she took our Young Queenslander
of the Year Award in 2008.
of the Year Award in 2008.
258
700030
3223
她还获得了2008年的
年轻昆士兰之星奖
年轻昆士兰之星奖
11:55
She's an inspiration.
259
703253
2273
她的经历十分鼓舞人
12:02
This is so not smooth.
260
710366
1610
虽然她经历了很多困难
12:06
This is me.
261
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2564
这个人就是我
12:08
But I'm also the woman in the rig clothes,
262
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2872
但我也是一个穆斯林女人
12:11
and I'm also the woman who was
in the abaya at the beginning.
in the abaya at the beginning.
263
719812
3799
起初穿着长袍
12:15
Would you have chosen to mentor me
if you had seen me
if you had seen me
264
723611
3098
如果你那时看见那样的我
12:18
in one of those other versions
of who I am?
of who I am?
265
726709
2253
你会选择成为我的导师吗
12:20
Because I'm that same person.
266
728962
2508
因为现在的我和那时的我是同一个人
12:24
We have to look past our unconscious bias,
267
732110
2904
我们需要超越自己意识不到的偏见
12:27
find someone to mentor who's at
the opposite end of your spectrum
the opposite end of your spectrum
268
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3192
选择一个最不可能的人来教导
12:30
because structural change takes time,
269
738206
2385
因为社会普遍的改变是需要时间的
12:32
and I don't have that level of patience.
270
740591
4116
我没有那么多的耐心
12:36
So if we're going to create a change,
271
744707
1761
所以如果我们想带来改变
12:38
if we're going to create a world
272
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1562
让生活在这个世界中的人们
12:40
where we all have
those kinds of opportunities,
those kinds of opportunities,
273
748030
2256
都能享有各种各样的机会
12:42
then choose to open doors for people.
274
750286
2371
那么就请向他人敞开大门吧
12:44
Because you might think that
diversity has nothing to do with you,
diversity has nothing to do with you,
275
752657
3814
因为你或许认为
多样性和你无关
多样性和你无关
12:48
but we are all part of this system
276
756471
1734
但我们都是多样性系统中的一部分
12:50
and we can all be part of that solution.
277
758205
2096
我们也可以一同解决现存的问题
12:52
And if you don't know
where to find someone different,
where to find someone different,
278
760301
2554
并且 如果你不知道
该去哪找不一样的人
该去哪找不一样的人
12:54
go to the places you wouldn't usually go.
279
762855
1978
就去你不常去的地方
12:56
If you enroll in
private high school tutoring,
private high school tutoring,
280
764833
2163
如果你在私立高中上学
12:58
go to your local state school
281
766996
1467
就去当地公立学校
13:00
or maybe just drop into your
local refugee tutoring center.
local refugee tutoring center.
282
768463
3430
或者去当地难民教育中心看看
13:03
Or perhaps you work at an office.
283
771893
1723
如果你在办公室工作
13:05
Take out that new grad who looks
totally out of place --
totally out of place --
284
773616
2998
就教教那个看起来格格不入的
新毕业生
新毕业生
13:08
'cause that was me --
285
776614
1328
因为那就像我
13:09
and open doors for them,
286
777942
1328
并且为他们敞开大门
13:11
not in a tokenistic way,
because we're not victims,
because we're not victims,
287
779270
2630
不只是做做样子而已
因为这对我们没有害处
因为这对我们没有害处
13:13
but show them the opportunities
288
781900
2068
向他们展示机会
13:15
because opening up your world
289
783968
2102
因为当你打开你的世界
13:18
will make you realize that
you have access to doors
you have access to doors
290
786070
2671
你会意识到
你所拥有的机会
你所拥有的机会
13:20
that they didn't even know existed
291
788741
1824
是他们根本想象不到的
13:22
and you didn't even know
they didn't have.
they didn't have.
292
790565
2936
而你从前并不知道
13:25
Ladies and gentlemen,
293
793501
2857
女士们 先生们
13:28
there is a problem in our community
with lack of opportunity,
with lack of opportunity,
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我们的社会存在着缺乏机会的问题
13:31
especially due to unconscious bias.
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这尤其是无意识偏见造成的
13:33
But each and every one one of you
has the potential to change that.
has the potential to change that.
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但你们每个人
都有能力改变它
都有能力改变它
13:37
I know you've been given a lot
of challenges today,
of challenges today,
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我知道你们今天已经接受很多挑战了
13:40
but if you can take this one piece
and think about it a little differently,
and think about it a little differently,
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但希望你能想想这件事
以一种不同的方式思考
以一种不同的方式思考
13:44
because diversity is magic.
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因为多样性是奇妙的
13:47
And I encourage you to look past
your initial perceptions
your initial perceptions
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此外 我鼓励你们回顾自己
最初的想法
最初的想法
13:51
because I bet you,
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因为我打赌
13:53
they're probably wrong.
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那些想法可能是错的
13:55
Thank you.
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谢谢
13:57
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yassmin Abdel-Magied - Mechanical engineer, social advocateYassmin Abdel-Magied wears many hats, including a hijab. She's a mechanical engineer, writer and activist who campaigns for tolerance and diversity.
Why you should listen
Yassmin Abdel-Magied is on a mission to promote diversity throughout society, however and wherever she can. Born in Sudan, she moved to Australia when she was two years old, and trained as a mechanical engineer. She now spends her time both working as an engineering specialist on oil and gas rigs -- and heading up Youth Without Borders, the organization she founded to enable young people to work for positive change in their communities.
Named the 2015 Queensland Young Australian of the Year, Yassmin advocates for the empowerment of youth, women and those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. In 2007, she was named Young Australian Muslim of the Year. She also really like motorsports.
Yassmin Abdel-Magied | Speaker | TED.com