TED2007
Murray Gell-Mann: The ancestor of language
Murray Gell-Mann यांचे "भाषेचे जनक" वर व्याख्यान
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"भौतिक शास्त्रामधील लावण्य" या विषयावर TED2007 मध्ये बोलल्यावर, आश्चर्यजनक Murray Gell-Mann यांनी वेगळ्या भावनात्मक इच्छेने पटकन टाकलेला दृष्टीक्षेप: "आपल्या आधुनिक भाषांच्या सामाईक जनकाचा शोध"
Murray Gell-Mann - Physicist
Murray Gell-Mann brings visibility to a crucial aspect of our existence that we can't actually see: elemental particles. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for introducing quarks, one of two fundamental ingredients for all matter in the universe. Full bio
Murray Gell-Mann brings visibility to a crucial aspect of our existence that we can't actually see: elemental particles. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for introducing quarks, one of two fundamental ingredients for all matter in the universe. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Well, I'm involved in other things, besides physics.
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बरं तर, मी भौतिक शास्त्राशिवाय इतर गोष्टींमध्येही गुंतलो आहे.
00:17
In fact, mostly now in other things.
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खरं तर, आता शक्यतो इतर गोष्टीमध्येच.
00:19
One thing is distant relationships among human languages.
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मनुष्याच्या भाषामधील दूरचे नाते हि एक बाब.
00:24
And the professional, historical linguists in the U.S.
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आणि अमेरिकेतील व्यावसाईक, ऐतिहासिक भाषातज्ञ
00:28
and in Western Europe mostly try to stay away
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आणि पश्चिम युरोपीय शक्यतो दूर राहण्याचा प्रयत्न करताना
00:31
from any long-distance relationships, big groupings,
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कोणत्याही लांब पल्याच्या नात्यापासून; मोठ्या गटापासून,
00:35
groupings that go back a long time,
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असे गट जे फार जुन्या काळात जातात
00:38
longer than the familiar families.
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ओळखीच्या कुटुंबापेक्षा जुने
00:41
They don't like that. They think it's crank. I don't think it's crank.
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त्यांना ते आवडत नाही; त्यांना वाटते हा विक्षिप्तपणा आहे. मला नाही वाटत हा विक्षिप्तपणा आहे.
00:45
And there are some brilliant linguists, mostly Russians,
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आणि तिथे काही बुद्धिमान भाषातज्ञ आहेत, शक्यतो रशियन्स,
00:48
who are working on that, at Santa Fe Institute and in Moscow,
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जे "Santa Fe Institute " मध्ये काम करत आहेत, आणि मोस्कोत आहेत,
00:52
and I would love to see where that leads.
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आणि यातून काय निष्पन्न होईल हे बघायला मला आवडेल.
00:56
Does it really lead to a single ancestor
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खरोखर हे एका जनाकापर्यंत मार्गांकित होतील
00:59
some 20, 25,000 years ago?
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काही २० ते २५ हजार वर्षांपूर्वीच्या?
01:02
And what if we go back beyond that single ancestor,
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आणि जर आपण त्या एका जनकाच्या पाठीमागे गेलो तर,
01:05
when there was presumably a competition among many languages?
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जेव्हा तिथे अनेक भाषांमध्ये स्पर्धा होती असे गृहीत धरले तर?
01:09
How far back does that go? How far back does modern language go?
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असे ते किती मागे जातील? आधुनिक भाषाचा किती मागोवा घेता येईल?
01:13
How many tens of thousands of years does it go back?
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असे किती (दहा) हजार वर्ष मागे जावे लागेल?
01:16
Chris Anderson: Do you have a hunch or a hope for what the answer to that is?
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Chris Anderson: उत्तर काय असेल याची तुला काही अन्तः प्रेरणा किंवा आशा आहे?
01:19
Murray Gell-Mann: Well, I would guess that modern language must be older
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Murray Gell-Mann: हे बघ,माझा असा अंदाज आहे कि आधुनिक भाषा जुन्या असल्या पाहिजेत
01:22
than the cave paintings and cave engravings and cave sculptures
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गुहेतील रंग चीत्राहून आणि गुहेतील कोरीव कामाहून आणि गुहेतील शिल्पकलेहून
01:26
and dance steps in the soft clay in the caves in Western Europe,
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आणि पश्चिम युरोपातील गुहामधील मृदू चिखलातील नर्तकांच्या पाऊलखुणांहून
01:31
in the Aurignacian Period some 35,000 years ago, or earlier.
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Aurignacian कालावधीत सुमारे ३५ हजार वर्षाआधी, किवा त्या आधी.
01:37
I can't believe they did all those things and didn't also have a modern language.
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मला पटत नाही कि त्यांनी ते सगळे केलं (बनवले) आणि (पण) त्यांची आधुनिक भाषा नव्हती.
01:40
So, I would guess that the actual origin goes back at least that far and maybe further.
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म्हणून माझा असा अंदाज आहे कि खरी सुरवात कमीत कमी तिथून (झाली) असावी आणि कदाचित त्या आधी.
01:45
But that doesn't mean that all, or many, or most
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पण ह्याचा अर्थ असा नाही कि सगळ्या (भाषा), किवा बऱ्याच, किवा बहुतेक
01:48
of today's attested languages couldn't descend perhaps
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आजच्या शिक्कामोर्तब भाषांचे वंशज नसतील कदाचित
01:52
from one that's much younger than that, like say 20,000 years,
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तिच्यापेक्षा एक अधिक तरुण, जशी २० हजार वर्ष (पूर्वीची),
01:56
or something of that kind. It's what we call a bottleneck.
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किवा एखादी तश्यासारखी. ह्यालाच आपण अडथळा म्हणतो.
02:00
CA: Well, Philip Anderson may have been right.
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CA: बर, Philip Anderson बरोबर असायला हवा.
02:01
You may just know more about everything than anyone.
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तुम्हाला नेहमीच सगळंच सगळ्यापेक्षा जास्त माहिती असेल.
02:04
So, it's been an honor. Thank you Murray Gell-Mann.
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म्हणून हा एक मान असायला हवा. Murray Gell-Mann धन्यवाद.
02:06
(Applause)
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(टाळ्या)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Murray Gell-Mann - PhysicistMurray Gell-Mann brings visibility to a crucial aspect of our existence that we can't actually see: elemental particles. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for introducing quarks, one of two fundamental ingredients for all matter in the universe.
Why you should listen
He's been called "the man with five brains" -- and Murray Gell-Mann has the resume to prove it. In addition to being a Nobel laureate, he is an accomplished physicist who's earned numerous awards, medals and honorary degrees for his work with subatomic particles, including the groundbreaking theory that the nucleus of an atom comprises 100 or so fundamental building blocks called quarks.
Gell-Mann's influence extends well beyond his field: He's a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Council on Foreign Relations. He also serves on the board of the Wildlife Conservation Society and is a director of Encyclopedia Britannica. Gell-Mann, a professor emeritus of Caltech, now heads the evolution of human languages program at the Santa Fe Institute, which he cofounded in 1984.
A prolific writer -- he's penned scores of academic papers and several books, including The Quark and the Jaguar -- Gell-Mann is also the subject of the popular science biography Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in 20th-Century Physics.
Murray Gell-Mann | Speaker | TED.com