TED2008
Benjamin Zander: The transformative power of classical music
Benjamin Zander o muzici i strasti
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Benjamin Zander ima dve zarazne strasti: klasičnu muziku, i da nam pomogne da shvatimo našu neiskorišćenu ljubav za nju - i prošireno, našu neiskorišćenu ljubav za sve nove mogućnosti, nova iskustva, nove veze.
Benjamin Zander - Conductor
A leading interpreter of Mahler and Beethoven, Benjamin Zander is known for his charisma and unyielding energy -- and for his brilliant pre-concert talks. Full bio
A leading interpreter of Mahler and Beethoven, Benjamin Zander is known for his charisma and unyielding energy -- and for his brilliant pre-concert talks. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Probably a lot of you know the story of the two salesmen
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Verovatno dosta vas zna priču o dvojici prodavaca
00:15
who went down to Africa in the 1900s.
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koji su otišli u Afriku 1900-ih.
00:18
They were sent down to find if there was any opportunity
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Poslali su ih da ustanove da li postoji mogućnost
00:20
for selling shoes,
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za prodaju cipela.
00:22
and they wrote telegrams back to Manchester.
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Odgovorili su telegramima Manchester-u.
00:25
And one of them wrote, "Situation hopeless. Stop.
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Jedan je napisao: "Očajna situacija. Stop.
00:29
They don't wear shoes."
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Ne nose cipele."
00:30
And the other one wrote, "Glorious opportunity.
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Drugi je napisao: "Fantastična prilika.
00:33
They don't have any shoes yet."
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Još uvek nemaju cipele."
00:35
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:36
Now, there's a similar situation in the classical music world,
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U svetu klasične muzike situacija je slična,
00:40
because there are some people who think
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jer ima ljudi koji veruju
00:41
that classical music is dying.
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da klasična muzika umire.
00:45
And there are some of us who think you ain't seen nothing yet.
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Takođe ima nas koji verujemo da još ništa niste videli
00:48
And rather than go into statistics and trends,
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Radije nego da se upuštam u statistike i trendove
00:52
and tell you about all the orchestras that are closing,
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i da vam pričam o orkestrima i izdavačkim kućama
00:54
and the record companies that are folding,
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koji prestaju sa radom,
00:57
I thought we should do an experiment tonight -- an experiment.
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mislio sam da izvedemo eksperiment večeras - eksperiment
01:01
Actually, it's not really an experiment, because I know the outcome.
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U stvari to nije eksperiment pošto ja znam ishod.
01:06
But it's like an experiment. Now, before we --
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Ali jeste kao eksperiment. Pre nego što --
01:08
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:12
-- before we start, I need to do two things.
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-- pre nego što počnemo moram da uradim dve stvari.
01:14
One is I want to remind you of what a seven-year-old child
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Prva, želim da vas podsetim kako sedmogodišnje dete
01:19
sounds like when he plays the piano.
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zvuči dok svira klavir.
01:20
Maybe you have this child at home.
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Možda imate to dete kod kuće.
01:23
He sounds something like this.
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Zvuči otprilike ovako.
01:24
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
01:44
I see some of you recognize this child.
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Vidim neki od vas prepoznaju dete.
01:46
Now, if he practices for a year and takes lessons, he's now eight
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Ako vežba godinu dana i ide na časove, sad ima osam godina
01:51
and he sounds like this.
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i ovako svira.
01:52
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
01:59
Then he practices for another year and takes lessons -- now he's nine.
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Onda vežba još godinu dana i ide na časove; i sad ima devet
02:02
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
02:08
Then he practices for another and takes lessons -- now he's 10.
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Onda vežba još godinu i ide na časove; sad ima deset.
02:11
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
02:18
At that point, they usually give up.
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Tad obično odustanu.
02:19
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
02:21
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
02:23
Now, if you'd waited, if you'd waited for one more year,
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Da ste čekali, da ste sačekali još godinu dana,
02:26
you would have heard this.
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čuli biste ovo:
02:27
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
02:36
Now, what happened was not maybe what you thought,
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Ono što se desilo možda nije ono što ste očekivali,
02:39
which is, he suddenly became passionate, engaged,
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to jest, odjednom je postao strastven, zaokupljen,
02:42
involved, got a new teacher, he hit puberty, or whatever it is.
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angažovan, našao novog nastavnika, ušao u pubertet, ili šta već.
02:45
What actually happened was the impulses were reduced.
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Šta se u stvari desilo jeste da su se naglasci smanjili.
02:50
You see, the first time, he was playing
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Vidite, prvi put je svirao
02:51
with an impulse on every note.
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sa naglaskom na svakoj noti.
02:54
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
02:56
And the second, with an impulse every other note.
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Drugi sa naglaskom na svakoj drugoj.
02:59
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
03:01
You can see it by looking at my head.
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To možete da uočite gledajući moju glavu.
03:03
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:04
The nine-year-old
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Devetogodišnjak, devetogodišnjak
03:06
put an impulse on every four notes.
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je stavljao naglasak na svaku četvrtu notu.
03:07
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
03:10
And the 10-year-old, on every eight notes.
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I desetogodišnjak na svaku osmu notu.
03:11
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
03:14
And the 11-year-old, one impulse on the whole phrase.
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I jedanaestogodišnjak, jedan naglasak na celu frazu.
03:16
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
03:20
I know -- I don't know how we got into this position.
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Znam - ne znam kako smo došli do ove pozicije.
03:22
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:25
I didn't say, "I'm going to move my shoulder over, move my body."
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Nisam rekao da ću pomeriti rame, pomeriti telo.
03:27
No, the music pushed me over,
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Ne, muzika me je pregurala,
03:29
which is why I call it one-buttock playing.
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zato ja to zovem sviranje na jednom guzu.
03:31
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
03:33
It can be the other buttock.
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Može biti i na drugom guzu.
03:34
(Piano)
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(Klavir)
03:38
You know, a gentleman was once watching a presentation I was doing,
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Znate, jedan gospodin je jednom gledao prezentaciju koju sam izvodio
03:41
when I was working with a young pianist.
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dok sam radio sa jednim mladim pijanistom.
03:43
He was the president of a corporation in Ohio.
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Bio je predsednik jedne korporacije u Ohaju (Ohio).
03:45
And I was working with this young pianist
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I dok sam radio sa tim mladim pijanistom
03:48
and I said, "The trouble with you is you're a two-buttock player.
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rekao sam, "Nezgoda sa tobom je što si ti dvoguzni svirač.
03:50
You should be a one-buttock player."
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Trebalo bi da budeš jednoguzni svirač."
03:52
And I moved his body like that, while he was playing.
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I tako sam mu pomerio telo dok je svirao.
03:54
And suddenly, the music took off. It took flight.
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Odjednom je muzika zaživela. Poletela je.
03:57
There was a gasp in the audience when they heard the difference.
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Publika je izgubila dah kad je čula razliku.
03:59
And then I got a letter from this gentleman.
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I onda sam dobio pismo od tog gospodina.
04:01
He said, "I was so moved.
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Rekao je, "Toliko sam bio potresen.
04:02
I went back and I transformed my entire company
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Vratio sam se i pretvorio moju celu kompaniju
04:05
into a one-buttock company."
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u jednoguznu kompaniju."
04:06
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:10
Now, the other thing I wanted to do is to tell you about you.
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Druga stvar koju sam hteo da uradim je da vam pričam o vama.
04:12
There are 1,600 people, I believe.
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Verujem da je ovde 1600 ljudi.
04:15
My estimation is that probably 45 of you
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Mojom procenom verovatno vas 45
04:18
are absolutely passionate about classical music.
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strasno voli klasičnu muziku.
04:21
You adore classical music. Your FM is always on that classical dial.
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Obožavate klasičnu muziku, Vaš je radio uvek na stanici klasične muzike,
04:26
And you have CDs in your car, and you go to the symphony.
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imate CD-e u svom autu, idete da slušate simfonije.
04:29
And your children are playing instruments.
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Vaša deca sviraju.
04:30
You can't imagine your life without classical music.
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Ne možete da zamislite svoj život bez klasične muzike.
04:33
That's the first group; it's quite a small group.
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To je prva grupa, prilično je mala.
04:35
Then there's another group, bigger group.
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Onda postoji druga, veća grupa.
04:37
These are the people who don't mind classical music.
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To su osobe kojima ne smeta klasična muzika.
04:39
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:40
You know, you've come home from a long day,
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Znate, dođete kući nakon dugog dana
04:42
and you take a glass of wine, and you put your feet up.
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uzmete čašu vina i dignete noge na sto.
04:45
A little Vivaldi in the background doesn't do any harm.
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Malo Vivaldija u pozadini ne smeta.
04:47
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:48
That's the second group.
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To je druga grupa.
04:49
Now comes the third group.
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Sada sledi treća grupa.
04:50
These are the people who never listen to classical music.
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To su ljudi koji nikad ne slušaju klasičnu muziku.
04:52
It's just simply not part of your life.
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Jednostavno nije deo njihovog života.
04:55
You might hear it like second-hand smoke at the airport, but --
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Možda je čujete kao što osetite dim tuđe cigare na aerodromu, ali --
04:57
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:59
-- and maybe a little bit of a march from "Aida"
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-- i možda malo marša iz Aide
05:00
when you come into the hall. But otherwise, you never hear it.
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kada uđete u dvoranu. Inače, nikad je ne čujete.
05:04
That's probably the largest group of all.
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To je verovatno najveća grupa
05:05
And then there's a very small group.
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I onda postoji jedna vrlo mala grupa.
05:07
These are the people who think they're tone-deaf.
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To su ljudi koji misle da nemaju sluha.
05:10
Amazing number of people think they're tone-deaf.
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Neverovatan broj ljudi misli da nema sluha.
05:13
Actually, I hear a lot, "My husband is tone-deaf."
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U stvari, često čujem, "Moj muž nema sluha."
05:15
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:16
Actually, you cannot be tone-deaf. Nobody is tone-deaf.
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U stvari, ne možete da budete bez sluha. Niko nije.
05:19
If you were tone-deaf, you couldn't change the gears
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Kad ne biste imali sluha, ne biste mogli da promenite brzine
05:22
on your car, in a stick shift car.
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u autu sa ručnim menjačem.
05:24
You couldn't tell the difference between
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Ne biste razlikovali
05:26
somebody from Texas and somebody from Rome.
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govor nekoga iz Teksasa i nekoga iz Rima.
05:28
And the telephone. The telephone. If your mother calls
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I telefon. Telefon. Ako vaša majka nazove
05:33
on the miserable telephone, she calls and says, "Hello,"
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na taj jadni telefon, nazove i kaže, "Halo",
05:35
you not only know who it is, you know what mood she's in.
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ne samo da znate ko zove, već i kakvog je raspoloženja.
05:39
You have a fantastic ear. Everybody has a fantastic ear.
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Imate fantastično uvo. Svako ima fantastično uvo.
05:42
So nobody is tone-deaf.
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I niko nije bez sluha.
05:44
But I tell you what. It doesn't work for me to go on with this thing,
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Ali reći ću vam. Nema svrhe nastaviti ovako
05:48
with such a wide gulf between those who understand,
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sa tako velikim jazom između onih koji razumeju,
05:52
love and [are] passionate about classical music,
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i strasno vole klasičnu muziku,
05:54
and those who have no relationship to it at all.
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i onih koji sa njom nemaju nikakve veze.
05:57
The tone-deaf people, they're no longer here.
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Ljudi bez sluha, oni više nisu ovde.
05:59
But even between those three categories, it's too wide a gulf.
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Ali čak i između preostale tri kategorije je razlika prevelika.
06:03
So I'm not going to go on until every single person in this room,
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Zato neću nastaviti dok svaka pojedinačna osoba u ovoj dvorani,
06:07
downstairs and in Aspen, and everybody else looking,
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dole i u Aspenu i svako ko ovo gleda,
06:13
will come to love and understand classical music.
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ne zavoli i ne počne da razume klasičnu muziku.
06:16
So that's what we're going to do.
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To ćemo uraditi.
06:19
Now, you notice that there is not the slightest doubt in my mind
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Naravno, primećujete da ni u mojim mislima ni na mom licu
06:24
that this is going to work if you look at my face, right?
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nema ni najmanje sumnje da će ovo uspeti, zar ne?
06:27
It's one of the characteristics of a leader that he not doubt
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To je jedna od karakteristika vođe da ne posumnja,
06:31
for one moment the capacity of the people he's leading
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ni u jednom trenutku, u sposobnosti osoba koje vodi
06:35
to realize whatever he's dreaming.
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kako bi ostvario sve o čemu sanja.
06:37
Imagine if Martin Luther King had said, "I have a dream.
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Zamislite da je Martin Luther King rekao, "Ja imam san.
06:40
Of course, I'm not sure they'll be up to it."
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Naravno, nisam baš siguran da ste tome dorasli."
06:42
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:46
All right. So I'm going to take a piece of Chopin.
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U redu. Uzeću jedno Šopenovo (Chopin) delo.
06:48
This is a beautiful prelude by Chopin. Some of you will know it.
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Ovo je predivan Šopenov uvod. Neki od vas ga znaju.
06:54
(Music)
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(Muzika)
07:22
Do you know what I think probably happened in this room?
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Da li znate šta mislim da se dogodilo u ovoj sobi?
07:25
When I started, you thought, "How beautiful that sounds."
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Kad sam počeo, pomislili ste, "Kako ovo divno zvuči."
07:27
(Music)
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(Muzika)
07:41
"I don't think we should go to the same place
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"Mislim da ne treba da idemo na isto mesto
07:42
for our summer holidays next year."
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na letovanje sledeće godine."
07:44
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:47
It's funny, isn't it? It's funny how those thoughts
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Smešno, zar ne? Smešno je kako se te misli
07:50
kind of waft into your head.
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nekako umuvaju u naš glavu.
07:53
And of course --
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I naravno --
07:54
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
07:57
-- and of course, if the piece is long and you've had a long day,
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-- i naravno, ako je delo dugačko i imali ste težak dan,
08:00
you might actually drift off.
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mogli biste i zadremati.
08:01
Then your companion will dig you in the ribs
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Tada će vas vaša pratnja gurnuti laktom u rebra
08:03
and say, "Wake up! It's culture!" And then you feel even worse.
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i reći, "Budi se! To je kultura!" I tada se osećate još gore.
08:07
But has it ever occurred to you that the reason you feel sleepy
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Da li vam je ikada palo na pamet da razlog što se osećate pospano
08:11
in classical music is not because of you, but because of us?
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uz klasičnu muziku niste vi, nego mi?
08:13
Did anybody think while I was playing,
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Da li je iko pomislio dok sam svirao,
08:15
"Why is he using so many impulses?"
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"Zašto toliko naglašava tonove?"
08:17
If I'd done this with my head you certainly would have thought it.
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Da sam to radio pokretima glave sigurno biste to pomislili.
08:21
(Music)
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(Muzika)
08:26
And for the rest of your life, every time you hear classical music,
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I do kraja života, svaki put kada čujete klasičnu muziku
08:30
you'll always be able to know if you hear those impulses.
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znaćete da čujete ta naglašavanja.
08:34
So let's see what's really going on here.
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Da vidimo šta se ovde stvarno dešava.
08:36
We have a B. This is a B. The next note is a C.
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Imamo ton H. Ovo je H. Sledeća nota je C.
08:41
And the job of the C is to make the B sad. And it does, doesn't it?
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Posao note C je da ušini notu H tužnom. Uspeva joj, zar ne?
08:44
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:47
Composers know that. If they want sad music,
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Kompozitori to znaju. Ako žele tužnu muziku
08:49
they just play those two notes.
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oni samo odsviraju ta dva tona.
08:50
(Music)
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(Muzika)
08:55
But basically, it's just a B, with four sads.
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Ali suštinski, to je samo H sa četri tuge.
08:57
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
09:00
Now, it goes down to A. Now to G. And then to F.
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E, sad se spušta na A. Pa na G, pa na F.
09:05
So we have B, A, G, F. And if we have B, A, G, F,
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Tako imamo H, A, G, F. I ako imamo H, A, G, F,
09:10
what do we expect next? Oh, that might have been a fluke.
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šta sledeće očekujemo? Oh, pa to je možda bila slučajnost.
09:16
Let's try it again. Ooh, the TED choir.
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Probajmo opet. Uuu, TED hor.
09:22
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
09:25
And you notice nobody is tone-deaf, right? Nobody is.
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I primetili ste da svi imate sluha, zar ne? Svi.
09:29
You know, every village in Bangladesh
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Znate, svako selo u Bangladešu
09:31
and every hamlet in China -- everybody knows:
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i svako seoce u Kini. Svi znaju:
09:37
da, da, da, da -- da. Everybody knows, who's expecting that E.
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da, da, da, da -- da. Svi znaju ko očekuje taj E.
09:40
Now, Chopin didn't want to reach the E there,
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E sad, Šopen nije tad hteo da dođe do tona E,
09:44
because what will have happened? It will be over, like Hamlet.
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jer šta bi se dogodilo? Bio bi kraj, kao u Hamletu.
09:46
Do you remember Hamlet? Act one, scene three,
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Sećate se Hamleta? 1. čin, 3. scena:
09:49
he finds out that his uncle killed his father.
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otkriva da mu je ujak ubio oca.
09:50
You remember, he keeps on going up to his uncle
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Sećate se kako nastavlja da ide svom ujaku
09:52
and almost killing him. And then he backs away,
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i skoro ga ubija. I onda se povlači
09:53
and he goes up to him again and almost kills him.
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i odlazi opet i ponovno ga zamalo ubija.
09:56
And the critics, all of whom are sitting in the back row there,
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I kritičari, koji svi sede tamo u zadnjem redu,
09:58
they have to have an opinion, so they say, "Hamlet is a procrastinator."
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oni moraju da imaju mišljenje, zato kažu, "Hamlet odugovlači."
10:01
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
10:02
Or they say, "Hamlet has an Oedipus complex."
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Ili kažu, "Hamlet ima Edipov kompleks."
10:05
No, otherwise the play would be over, stupid.
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Ne, jer inače bi predstava bila gotova, glupane!
10:08
That's why Shakespeare puts all that stuff in Hamlet --
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Zato Šekspir stavlja sve te stvari u Hamleta.
10:11
you know, Ophelia going mad and the play within the play,
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Znate, Ofelija koja ludi i predstava u predstavi,
10:13
and Yorick's skull, and the gravediggers.
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i Jorikova lobanja, kopači grobova.
10:15
That's in order to delay -- until act five, he can kill him.
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To je radi razvlačenja -- do 5. čina kada može da ga ubije.
10:18
It's the same with the Chopin. He's just about to reach the E,
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Isto je i sa Šhopenom. Taman se spremi da dođe do E,
10:23
and he says, "Oops, better go back up and do it again."
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kada kaže, "Uups, bolje da se vratim gore i to ponovim."
10:25
So he does it again.
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Pa to ponovi.
10:29
Now, he gets excited. (Piano) That's excitement,
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Sad se zanese -- to je uzbuđenje,
10:32
you don't have to worry about it.
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ne treba da se brinete oko toga.
10:34
Now, he gets to F-sharp, and finally he goes down to E,
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Sada konačno dođe do F# i krene na E,
10:36
but it's the wrong chord -- because the chord he's looking for
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ali to je pogrešan akord. Jer akord koji traži
10:40
is this one, (Piano) and instead he does ...
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je ovaj i umesto njega on odsvira...
10:43
(Piano) Now, we call that a deceptive cadence, because it deceives us.
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e sad, mi to zovemo deceptivnom kadencom jer nas je prevarila.
10:48
I always tell my students, "If you have a deceptive cadence,
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Uvek kažem svojim studentima, "Ako imate deceptivnu kadencu
10:50
be sure to raise your eyebrows. Then everybody will know."
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obavezno podignite svoje obrve kako bi svi to znali."
10:52
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
10:55
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
10:59
Right. So, he gets to E, but it's the wrong chord.
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U redu. Tako on dođe do E, ali to je pogrešan akord.
11:01
Now, he tries E again. That chord doesn't work.
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Sada proba E ponovno. Taj akord nije dobar.
11:04
Now, he tries the E again. That chord doesn't work.
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Sada proba ponovo sa E. Ali ni taj ne valja.
11:07
Now, he tries E again, and that doesn't work.
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Sada pokuša E ponovo, to nije dobro.
11:10
And then finally ... (Piano)
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I onda konačno ...
11:13
There was a gentleman in the front row who went, "Mmm."
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U prvom je redu gospodin uzdahnuo, "Mmm".
11:18
It's the same gesture he makes when he comes home
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To je isti gest koji napravi kad dođe kući
11:20
after a long day, turns off the key in his car and says,
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nakon teškog dana, izvadi ključ iz auta i kaže,
11:24
"Aah, I'm home." Because we all know where home is.
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" Aah, stigao sam kući." Jer svi znamo gde nam je kuća.
11:27
So this is a piece which goes from away to home.
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Tako ovo delo ide izdaleka do kuće
11:30
And I'm going to play it all the way through
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i odsviraću ga celog,
11:32
and you're going to follow. B, C, B, C, B, C, B --
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a vi pratite. H, C, H, C, H, C, H --
11:35
down to A, down to G, down to F.
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dole na A, dole na G, dole na F.
11:37
Almost goes to E, but otherwise the play would be over.
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Skoro na E, ali u tom slučaju bi komad bio gotov.
11:40
He goes back up to B. He gets very excited. Goes to F-sharp. Goes to E.
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Vraća se na H. Uzbuđuje se. Dolazi na F#. Dolazi na E.
11:42
It's the wrong chord. It's the wrong chord. It's the wrong chord.
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Pogrešan akord. Pogrešan akord. Pogrešan akord.
11:45
And finally goes to E, and it's home.
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I konačno dođe do E i kod kuće je.
11:47
And what you're going to see is one-buttock playing.
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A vi ćete videti sviranje na jednom guzu.
11:50
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
11:53
Because for me, to join the B to the E,
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Jer za mene, kako bih spojio notu H sa E,
11:56
I have to stop thinking about every single note along the way,
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moram da prestanem da razmišljam o svakoj noti na putu
12:01
and start thinking about the long, long line from B to E.
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i da počnem da razmišljam o dugom, dugom nizu od H do E.
12:07
You know, we were just in South Africa, and you can't go to South Africa
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Znate, upravo smo bili u Južnoj Africi i ne možete da odete u Južnu Afriku,
12:11
without thinking of Mandela in jail for 27 years.
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a da ne mislite o Mandeli u zatvoru 27 godina.
12:15
What was he thinking about? Lunch?
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O čemu je razmišljao? O ručku?
12:17
No, he was thinking about the vision for South Africa
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Ne, razmišljao je o viziji za Južnu Afriku
12:21
and for human beings. That's what kept --
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i za ljudska bića. To ga je držalo --
12:22
this is about vision. This is about the long line.
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radi se o viziji, o dugom nizu.
12:25
Like the bird who flies over the field
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Kao ptica koja leti preko polja
12:27
and doesn't care about the fences underneath, all right?
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i ne razmišlja o ogradama ispod sebe, u redu?
12:31
So now, you're going to follow the line all the way from B to E.
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I sad ćete pratiti niz celim putem od H do E.
12:34
And I've one last request before I play this piece all the way through.
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Imam poslednju molbu pre nego što odsviram ovo delo od početka do kraja
12:38
Would you think of somebody who you adore, who's no longer there?
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Hoćete li zamisliti nekoga koga obožavate, a nije više tu?
12:43
A beloved grandmother, a lover --
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Voljenu baku, ljubav,
12:47
somebody in your life who you love with all your heart,
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nekoga u vašem životu koga volite svim srcem,
12:50
but that person is no longer with you.
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ali ta osoba nije više sa vama.
12:54
Bring that person into your mind, and at the same time
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Ponesite je u mislima i u isto vreme
12:57
follow the line all the way from B to E,
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pratite niz celim putem od H do E,
13:01
and you'll hear everything that Chopin had to say.
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i čućete sve što je Šopen hteo reći.
13:09
(Music)
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(Muzika)
15:00
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
15:07
Now, you may be wondering,
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Možda se pitate,
15:12
you may be wondering why I'm clapping.
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možda se pitate zašto ja tapšem.
15:18
Well, I did this at a school in Boston
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Pa, to sam uradio u školi u Bostonu
15:20
with about 70 seventh graders, 12-year-olds.
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sa oko 70 sedmaka -- 12-godišnjaka.
15:24
And I did exactly what I did with you, and I told them
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Uradio sam isto što i ovde i rekao sam im
15:26
and explained them and the whole thing.
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i objasnio celu priču.
15:27
And at the end, they went crazy, clapping. They were clapping.
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I na kraju su poludeli, tapšući. Oni su tapšali.
15:30
I was clapping. They were clapping.
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Ja sam tapšao. Oni su tapšali.
15:31
Finally, I said, "Why am I clapping?"
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Na kraju, rekao sam, "Zašto ja tapšem?"
15:33
And one of the little kids said, "Because we were listening."
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A jedno dete je reklo, "Zato što smo mi slušali."
15:34
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
15:40
Think of it. 1,600 people, busy people,
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Razmislite o tome. 1600 osoba, zauzetih osoba,
15:42
involved in all sorts of different things,
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angažovanih na raznim različitim stvarima.
15:45
listening, understanding and being moved by a piece by Chopin.
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Slušaju, razumeju i dirnuti su Šopenovim delom.
15:51
Now that is something.
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To je već nešto.
15:52
Now, am I sure that every single person followed that,
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E sad, jesam li siguran da je svaka osoba pratila,
15:55
understood it, was moved by it? Of course, I can't be sure.
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shvatila i bila dirnuta. Naravno, ne mogu da budem siguran.
15:58
But I tell you what happened to me.
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Ali ću vam reći šta mi se dogodilo.
15:59
I was in Ireland during the Troubles, 10 years ago,
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Bio sam u Irskoj tokom nereda pre deset godina,
16:02
and I was working with some Catholic and Protestant kids
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i radio sam sa katoličkom i protestantskom decom
16:05
on conflict resolution. And I did this with them --
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na rešavanju sukoba. I ovo sam uradio sa njima.
16:10
a risky thing to do, because they were street kids.
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To je bio riskantan potez jer su to bila deca sa ulice.
16:12
And one of them came to me the next morning and he said,
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I jedan od njih mi je prišao sledećeg jutra i rekao,
16:16
"You know, I've never listened to classical music in my life,
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"Znate, nikad u životu nisam slušao klasičnu muziku,
16:19
but when you played that shopping piece ... "
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ali kad ste odsvirali to Shopping delo..."
16:20
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
16:23
He said, "My brother was shot last year and I didn't cry for him.
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Rekao je, "Moj brat je ubijen prošle godine, a ja nisam plakao za njim.
16:28
But last night, when you played that piece,
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Ali sinoć kad ste odsvirali to delo,
16:29
he was the one I was thinking about.
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on je bio taj o kome sam razmišljao.
16:32
And I felt the tears streaming down my face.
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I osetio sam kako mi suze teku niz lice.
16:34
And you know, it felt really good to cry for my brother."
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I znate, osećao sam se stvarno dobro plačući za brata."
16:37
So I made up my mind at that moment
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U tom sam trenutku odlučio
16:39
that classical music is for everybody. Everybody.
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da je klasična muzika za sve ljude. Sve.
16:47
Now, how would you walk -- because you know,
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E sad, kako biste vi hodali -- jer, znate,
16:49
my profession, the music profession doesn't see it that way.
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moja profesija, muzička profesija to ne gleda na taj način.
16:53
They say three percent of the population likes classical music.
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Oni kažu da 3% populacije voli klasičnu muziku.
16:56
If only we could move it to four percent, our problems would be over.
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Kada bi smo to samo mogli da povećamo na 4%, naši problemi bi nestali.
17:01
I say, "How would you walk? How would you talk? How would you be?
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Ja kažem, "Kako bi ste vi hodali? Govorili? Bili
17:04
If you thought, three percent of the population likes classical music,
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kada bi ste mislili da 3% populacije voli klasičnu muziku?
17:08
if only we could move it to four percent. How would you walk?
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Kada bi smo to samo mogli da povećamo na 4%. Kako biste hodali?
17:10
How would you talk? How would you be?
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Govorili? Bili,
17:12
If you thought, everybody loves classical music --
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kada biste mislili da svi vole klasičnu muziku --
17:14
they just haven't found out about it yet."
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samo što to još ne znaju."
17:16
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
17:17
See, these are totally different worlds.
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Vidite, to su potpuno različiti svetovi.
17:20
Now, I had an amazing experience. I was 45 years old,
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Imao sam neverovatno iskustvo. Imao sam 45 godina,
17:23
I'd been conducting for 20 years, and I suddenly had a realization.
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dirigovao sam 20 godina i odjednom došao do saznanja.
17:29
The conductor of an orchestra doesn't make a sound.
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Dirigent orkestra ne proizvodi nijedan zvuk.
17:32
My picture appears on the front of the CD --
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Moja se slika pojavi na naslovnoj strani CD-a --
17:34
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
17:37
-- but the conductor doesn't make a sound.
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-- ali dirigent ne proizvodi nijedan zvuk.
17:40
He depends, for his power, on his ability to make other people powerful.
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Njegova snaga zavisi od njegove sposobnosti da druge osobe učini moćnim.
17:44
And that changed everything for me. It was totally life changing.
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I to mi je sve promenilo. Bila je to potpuna promena života.
17:49
People in my orchestra came up to me and said,
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Osobe u mom orkestru su mi došle i rekle,
17:50
"Ben, what happened?" That's what happened.
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"Bene, šta se dogodilo?" Eto, to se dogodilo.
17:52
I realized my job was to awaken possibility in other people.
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Shvatio sam da je moj posao da probudim sposobnosti u drugim ljudima.
17:57
And of course, I wanted to know whether I was doing that.
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I naravno, hteo sam da saznam da li to radim.
18:00
And you know how you find out? You look at their eyes.
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I znate kako to da saznate? Pogledajte im u oči.
18:03
If their eyes are shining, you know you're doing it.
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Ako im se oči sjaje, znajte da uspeva.
18:08
You could light up a village with this guy's eyes.
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Možete da osvetlite selo sa očima ovog čoveka.
18:09
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
18:11
Right. So if the eyes are shining, you know you're doing it.
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Dakle, ako oči sjaje, znajte da vam uspeva.
18:13
If the eyes are not shining, you get to ask a question.
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Ako oči ne sjaje, morate da sebi postavite pitanje.
18:16
And this is the question:
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A pitanje je:
18:17
who am I being, that my players' eyes are not shining?
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Ko sam ja sada da oči mojih svirača ne sjaje?
18:24
We can do that with our children, too.
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To možemo primeniti i na našu decu.
18:25
Who am I being, that my children's eyes are not shining?
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Ko sam ja sada da oči moje dece ne sjaje?
18:31
That's a totally different world.
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To je potpuno drugačiji svet.
18:33
Now, we're all about to end this magical, on-the-mountain week,
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Pri kraju smo ove čarobne nedelje na planini
18:39
and we're going back into the world.
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i vraćamo se nazad u svet.
18:40
And I say, it's appropriate for us to ask the question,
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I kažem vam, odgovara da se zapitamo:
18:44
who are we being as we go back out into the world?
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Ko smo mi dok se vraćamo u svet?
18:49
And you know, I have a definition of success.
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Znajte, imam definiciju uspeha.
18:52
For me, it's very simple. It's not about wealth and fame and power.
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Za mene je vrlo jednostavno. Ne radi se o bogatstvu i slavi i moći.
18:54
It's about how many shining eyes I have around me.
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Već o tome koliko sjajnih očiju imam oko sebe.
18:58
So now, I have one last thought, which is
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Imam poslednju misao, koja glasi
19:01
that it really makes a difference what we say --
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ono što govorimo stvarno pravi razliku.
19:04
the words that come out of our mouth.
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Reči koje izlaze iz naših usta.
19:06
I learned this from a woman who survived Auschwitz,
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Naučio sam to od žene koja je preživela Aušvic,
19:10
one of the rare survivors.
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jedna od retkih preživelih.
19:11
She went to Auschwitz when she was 15 years old,
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Odvedena je u Aušvic kada joj je bilo 15 godina,
19:16
and her brother was eight, and the parents were lost.
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njenom bratu 8, a roditelji su nestali.
19:23
And she told me this, she said,
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I ovo mi je ispričala,
19:28
"We were in the train going to Auschwitz, and I looked down
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"Bili smo u vozu koji je išao u Aušvic, pogledala sam
19:31
and saw my brother's shoes were missing.
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i videla da moj brat nema cipele.
19:34
And I said, 'Why are you so stupid, can't you keep your things together
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I rekla sam mu, "Kako si tako glup, zar ne možeš da se brineš o svojim stvarima,
19:37
for goodness' sake?' " The way an elder sister
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Gospode bože?" -- na način na koji starija sestra
19:38
might speak to a younger brother.
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razgovara sa mlađim bratom.
19:42
Unfortunately, it was the last thing she ever said to him,
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Nažalost, to su bile poslednje reči koje mu je ikada rekla
19:45
because she never saw him again. He did not survive.
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jer ga nikada više nije videla. Nije preživeo.
19:49
And so when she came out of Auschwitz, she made a vow.
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Kad je izašla iz Aušvica, zavetovala se.
19:52
She told me this. She said, "I walked out of Auschwitz into life
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Poverila mi se. Rekla je, "Izašla sam iz Aušvica u život
19:56
and I made a vow. And the vow was, I will never say anything
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i zavetovala se. Zavet je bio, nikad neću reći ništa
20:02
that couldn't stand as the last thing I ever say."
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što ne bi mogle biti poslednje reči koje ću ikada reći."
20:05
Now, can we do that? No. And we'll make ourselves wrong
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E sad, da li je to izvodljivo? Ne. I postali bi smo loši
20:10
and others wrong. But it is a possibility to live into. Thank you.
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i drugi takođe. Ali to je mogućnost da proživimo. Hvala vam.
20:17
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
20:23
Shining eyes, shining eyes.
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Sjajne oči, sjajne oči.
20:34
Thank you, thank you.
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Hvala vam, hvala.
20:38
(Music)
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(Muzika)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Benjamin Zander - ConductorA leading interpreter of Mahler and Beethoven, Benjamin Zander is known for his charisma and unyielding energy -- and for his brilliant pre-concert talks.
Why you should listen
Since 1979, Benjamin Zander has been the conductor of the Boston Philharmonic. He is known around the world as both a guest conductor and a speaker on leadership -- and he's been known to do both in a single performance. He uses music to help people open their minds and create joyful harmonies that bring out the best in themselves and their colleagues.
His provocative ideas about leadership are rooted in a partnership with Rosamund Stone Zander, with whom he co-wrote The Art of Possibility.
Benjamin Zander | Speaker | TED.com