TED2008
Benjamin Zander: The transformative power of classical music
Benjamin Zander musiqa va ishtiyoq haqida
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Benjamin Zanderning ikki "yuqumli" ishtiyoqi bor : mumtoz musiqa hamda biz bu musiqani yaxhshi ko'rishimizni bizga anglata olish- va shu bilan birga bizning yangi imkoniyatlarga, yangi tajribalarga va yangi bog'lnanishlarga bo'lgan ehtirosimizni uyg'otishdir.
Benjamin Zander - Conductor
A leading interpreter of Mahler and Beethoven, Benjamin Zander is known for his charisma and unyielding energy -- and for his brilliant pre-concert talks. Full bio
A leading interpreter of Mahler and Beethoven, Benjamin Zander is known for his charisma and unyielding energy -- and for his brilliant pre-concert talks. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Probably a lot of you know the story of the two salesmen
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Ko'pchiligingiz bu ikki savdogar haqidagi hikoyani bilsangiz kerak
00:15
who went down to Africa in the 1900s.
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ular 1900 chi yillarda Afrikaga borishadi.
00:18
They were sent down to find if there was any opportunity
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Ularning maqsadi u yerda oyoq kiyim sotish uchun
00:20
for selling shoes,
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imkoniyat bor yoki yo'qligini aniqlash edi.
00:22
and they wrote telegrams back to Manchester.
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Va ular Manchesterga javob telegramma yuboradi.
00:25
And one of them wrote, "Situation hopeless. Stop.
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Ularning biri shunday yozadi: " Bu yerda umid yo'q. Nuqta.
00:29
They don't wear shoes."
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Bular oyoq kiyim kiymas ekan."
00:30
And the other one wrote, "Glorious opportunity.
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Va ikkinchisi esa shunday yozadi: " Juda zo'r imkoniyat.
00:33
They don't have any shoes yet."
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Bularda hali oyoq kiyim yo'q ekan."
00:35
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
00:36
Now, there's a similar situation in the classical music world,
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Hozirda mumtoz musiqa dunyosida shunga o'xhshash holat,
00:40
because there are some people who think
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chunki ba'zi odamlar mumtoz musiqa
00:41
that classical music is dying.
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yo'qolib borayapti deb o'ylaydi.
00:45
And there are some of us who think you ain't seen nothing yet.
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Va oramizda ba'zilarimiz siz hali hech narsa ko'rmagansiz deb o'ylaymiz.
00:48
And rather than go into statistics and trends,
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Hisobotlar va qaysi yo'nalishda ketayotganimiz,
00:52
and tell you about all the orchestras that are closing,
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orkestrlar yopilishi, va musiqa kompaniyalarining
00:54
and the record companies that are folding,
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qisqarishi haqida gapirgandan ko'ra,
00:57
I thought we should do an experiment tonight -- an experiment.
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men bugun bir tajriba o'tkazsak deyman- tajriba.
01:01
Actually, it's not really an experiment, because I know the outcome.
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Aslida, bu haqiqiy tajriba emas, chunki men natijasini bilaman.
01:06
But it's like an experiment. Now, before we --
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Lekin bu huddi tajribaday. Endi, boshlashdan oldin-
01:08
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
01:12
-- before we start, I need to do two things.
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-avvalambor ikkita narsadan boshlashimiz kerak.
01:14
One is I want to remind you of what a seven-year-old child
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Birinchisi, men sizga yetti yashar bola
01:19
sounds like when he plays the piano.
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pianinoni qanday o'ynashini eslatmoqchiman.
01:20
Maybe you have this child at home.
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Balki uyingizda shunday bola bordir.
01:23
He sounds something like this.
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U bunday o'ynaydi.
01:24
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
01:44
I see some of you recognize this child.
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Ba'zi birlaringizga bu tanish.
01:46
Now, if he practices for a year and takes lessons, he's now eight
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Agar u yana bir yil mashq qilsa, sakkiz yoshda endi
01:51
and he sounds like this.
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u bunday o'ynaydi.
01:52
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
01:59
Then he practices for another year and takes lessons -- now he's nine.
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U yana bir yil darslar olib mashq qiladi, va endi u to'qqiz yoshda.
02:02
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
02:08
Then he practices for another and takes lessons -- now he's 10.
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Keyin u yana bir yil mashq qiladi, u endi o'n yoshda.
02:11
(Piano)
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( Pianino)
02:18
At that point, they usually give up.
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Mana shu paytda ular odatda musiqa chalishni to'xtatadi.
02:19
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
02:21
(Applause)
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(Qarsaklar)
02:23
Now, if you'd waited, if you'd waited for one more year,
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Agar siz yana bir yil kutganingizda,
02:26
you would have heard this.
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mana buni tinglagan bo'lar edingiz:
02:27
(Piano)
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02:36
Now, what happened was not maybe what you thought,
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Bu siz o'ylganingiz emas, unda birdan ishtiyoq
02:39
which is, he suddenly became passionate, engaged,
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va qiziqish paydo bo'lgani yo'q, yoki yangi
02:42
involved, got a new teacher, he hit puberty, or whatever it is.
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o'qtuvchi olgani yo'q, yoki ulg'ayib qolgani va boshqa sabablar ham emas.
02:45
What actually happened was the impulses were reduced.
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Aslida o'zgarish shundaki uning impluslari, yani urg'u berishi kamaydi
02:50
You see, the first time, he was playing
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Birinch marta o'ynaganida
02:51
with an impulse on every note.
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u har bir notaga urg'u berib chalgandi.
02:54
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
02:56
And the second, with an impulse every other note.
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Ikkinchi martasida esa har ikki notaga bir urg'u beradi.
02:59
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
03:01
You can see it by looking at my head.
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Buni mening boshimga qarab bilasiz.
03:03
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
03:04
The nine-year-old
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To'qqiz yashar, to'qqiz yashar esa
03:06
put an impulse on every four notes.
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urg'uni har to'rtta notaga bir beradi.
03:07
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
03:10
And the 10-year-old, on every eight notes.
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Va o'n yashar esa har sakkiz notaga bir urg'u beradi.
03:11
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
03:14
And the 11-year-old, one impulse on the whole phrase.
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Va 11-yashar esa butun qismni bir urg'u bilan o'ynaydi.
03:16
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
03:20
I know -- I don't know how we got into this position.
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Men tanam bunday holatga qanday kelib qolganini bilmayman
03:22
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
03:25
I didn't say, "I'm going to move my shoulder over, move my body."
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Men, birnichi, yelkamni keyin tanamni bir tomonga yonbo'stiraman deganim yo'q.
03:27
No, the music pushed me over,
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Yo'q, bu musiqa meni siljitdi,
03:29
which is why I call it one-buttock playing.
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men buni bir bo'ksada o'ynash deyman.
03:31
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
03:33
It can be the other buttock.
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yoki boshqa tomonga yonboshlasa bo'ladi.
03:34
(Piano)
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(Pianino)
03:38
You know, a gentleman was once watching a presentation I was doing,
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Bir kuni men yosh pianinochi bilan ishlab
03:41
when I was working with a young pianist.
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ko'rsatayotgan taqdimotimni bir kishi kuzatib turgandi.
03:43
He was the president of a corporation in Ohio.
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U Ohayo shtatidagi bir korporatsiyaning prezidenti edi.
03:45
And I was working with this young pianist
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Va men yosh pianinochiga shunday dedim
03:48
and I said, "The trouble with you is you're a two-buttock player.
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" sening muammong shundaki sen ikkala bo'ksang bilan o'ynayapsan.
03:50
You should be a one-buttock player."
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Sen bir bo'ksada o'ynashing kerak"
03:52
And I moved his body like that, while he was playing.
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Va u chalayotgan paytda men uning tanasini bir tomonga yonboshlatib siljitdim.
03:54
And suddenly, the music took off. It took flight.
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Va birdaniga musiqa yuksalib ketdi.Go'yo qanot chiqarganday.
03:57
There was a gasp in the audience when they heard the difference.
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Tomoshobinlar farqni eshitgan zahoti hayajondan oh urishdi.
03:59
And then I got a letter from this gentleman.
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Va keyin men o'sha kuzatib turgan kishidan xat oldim.
04:01
He said, "I was so moved.
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U shunday deb yozdi: " Men shunchalik ta'sirlanib ketdimki,
04:02
I went back and I transformed my entire company
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men qaytgach butun kompaniyamni bir bo'ksali
04:05
into a one-buttock company."
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kompaniyaga o'zgartirdim."
04:06
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
04:10
Now, the other thing I wanted to do is to tell you about you.
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Men sizga aytmoqchi bo'lgan yana bir narsa bu Siz haqingizdadir.
04:12
There are 1,600 people, I believe.
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menimcha bu yerda 1600 odam bor.
04:15
My estimation is that probably 45 of you
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Menimcha orangizda 45 tangiz
04:18
are absolutely passionate about classical music.
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mumtoz musiqani juda katta ishtiyoq bilan yoqtiradi.
04:21
You adore classical music. Your FM is always on that classical dial.
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Siz uni judayam yaxshi ko'rasiz. Radiongizni har doim mumtoz musiqa kanaliga buraysiz.
04:26
And you have CDs in your car, and you go to the symphony.
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Va mashinangizda Disklar bor, va siz simfoniya konsertlariga borasiz.
04:29
And your children are playing instruments.
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Va sizning bolalaringiz ham musiqa asboblarini chaladi.
04:30
You can't imagine your life without classical music.
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Siz hayotingizni mumtoz musiqasiz tasavvur qilolmaysiz.
04:33
That's the first group; it's quite a small group.
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Bu birinchi guruh; juda kichik guruh.
04:35
Then there's another group, bigger group.
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Keyin sal kattaroq guruh bor.
04:37
These are the people who don't mind classical music.
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Bu odamlarga mumtoz musiqa xalaqit bermaydi.
04:39
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
04:40
You know, you've come home from a long day,
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siz uzun kun tugab uyga kelgach,
04:42
and you take a glass of wine, and you put your feet up.
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vino ichib, oyog'ingizni ko'tarib o'tirganda
04:45
A little Vivaldi in the background doesn't do any harm.
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Vivaldi musiqasi o'ynab tursa hech narsa qilmaydi.
04:47
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
04:48
That's the second group.
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Bu ikkinchi guruh.
04:49
Now comes the third group.
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Yana uchinchi guruh bor.
04:50
These are the people who never listen to classical music.
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Bu odamlar hech qachon mumtoz musiqa tinglamaydi.
04:52
It's just simply not part of your life.
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Unga sizning hayotingizda umuman o'rin yo'q.
04:55
You might hear it like second-hand smoke at the airport, but --
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siz uni aeroportlarda eshitishingiz mumkin, xuddi chekuvchilar yonida turib sigaret hidini hidlaganday- lekin
04:57
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
04:59
-- and maybe a little bit of a march from "Aida"
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balki atrofda chalinib turgan Aida marshidan
05:00
when you come into the hall. But otherwise, you never hear it.
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biroz tinglarsiz. Lekin undan tashqari siz hech qachon uni tinglamaysiz.
05:04
That's probably the largest group of all.
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Bu balkim eng ko'pchlikdir.
05:05
And then there's a very small group.
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Va yana bir kichik guruh bor.
05:07
These are the people who think they're tone-deaf.
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Bu odamlar o'zlarida ohang yo'q deb o'ylaydi.
05:10
Amazing number of people think they're tone-deaf.
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Juda ajablanarli ko'pchilik o'zlarini ohangga moyil emas deb o'ylaydi.
05:13
Actually, I hear a lot, "My husband is tone-deaf."
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Aslida, men buni ko'p eshitaman: " Mening erimda musiqiy ohanglik yo'q" deyishadi.
05:15
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
05:16
Actually, you cannot be tone-deaf. Nobody is tone-deaf.
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Aslida sizda ohang bo'lmasligi mumkin emas. Heck him ohangsiz emas.
05:19
If you were tone-deaf, you couldn't change the gears
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Agar siz ohang farqiga bormaganingizda, mashinangizda
05:22
on your car, in a stick shift car.
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qo'l bilan boshqarishni eplayolmagan bo'lardingiz.
05:24
You couldn't tell the difference between
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Siz Texaslik va Rimlik odamlarni gapirishidan
05:26
somebody from Texas and somebody from Rome.
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farqini aytib berolmagan bo'lardingiz.
05:28
And the telephone. The telephone. If your mother calls
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Va telefonda, onangiz telefon qilsa
05:33
on the miserable telephone, she calls and says, "Hello,"
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va sizga "salom" desa, siz nafaqat uning kimligini bilasiz,
05:35
you not only know who it is, you know what mood she's in.
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balki uning kayfiyatini ham sezasiz.
05:39
You have a fantastic ear. Everybody has a fantastic ear.
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Sizning quloqlaringiz juda ajoyib. Hammaning quloqlari ajoyib.
05:42
So nobody is tone-deaf.
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Shunday ekan, hammada ohangrabolik bor.
05:44
But I tell you what. It doesn't work for me to go on with this thing,
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Lekin sizga shuni aytay. Meni bu mumtoz musiqani
05:48
with such a wide gulf between those who understand,
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yaxshi ko'radigan va unga umuman
05:52
love and [are] passionate about classical music,
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qiziqmaydigan odamlar soni orasidagi
05:54
and those who have no relationship to it at all.
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katta farq meni tinch qo'ymaydi
05:57
The tone-deaf people, they're no longer here.
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va menda musiqiy ohangli quloq yo'q deydiganlar endi bu yerda yo'q.
05:59
But even between those three categories, it's too wide a gulf.
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Baribir bu uchta guruh orasidagi farq juda katta.
06:03
So I'm not going to go on until every single person in this room,
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Shuning uchun men bu xonadagi har bir odamni
06:07
downstairs and in Aspen, and everybody else looking,
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uzoq yaqindagi, Aspenda turib bizni tomosha qilayotganlar
06:13
will come to love and understand classical music.
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va hamma hammani mumtoz musiqani sevadigan qilaman.
06:16
So that's what we're going to do.
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Hozir mana shuning ustida ishlaymiz.
06:19
Now, you notice that there is not the slightest doubt in my mind
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Agar e'tibor bergan bo'lsangiz, mening hayolimda umuman shubha yo'q
06:24
that this is going to work if you look at my face, right?
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yuzimda bundan darak yo'q, to'g'rimi?
06:27
It's one of the characteristics of a leader that he not doubt
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Mana shu liderning ya'ni boshlovchi odamning belgisidir.
06:31
for one moment the capacity of the people he's leading
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ya'ni o'z orzusini odamlar amalga oshira olishiga bir zum ham
06:35
to realize whatever he's dreaming.
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shubhalanmaslikdir.
06:37
Imagine if Martin Luther King had said, "I have a dream.
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Tasavvur qiling-a, Martin Luther King " Mening orzuim shuki.
06:40
Of course, I'm not sure they'll be up to it."
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Va albatta , odamlarning bunga tayyorligiga shubham bor" desa
06:42
(Laughter)
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( Kulgi)
06:46
All right. So I'm going to take a piece of Chopin.
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Xo'sh, endi Chopin yozgan musiqani chalay.
06:48
This is a beautiful prelude by Chopin. Some of you will know it.
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Bu kompozitor Chopinning juda chiroyli musiqasi. Ba'zilaringiz bilarsiz.
06:54
(Music)
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( Musiqa)
07:22
Do you know what I think probably happened in this room?
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Men sizga aytaymi bu yerda hozir nima bo'ldi?
07:25
When I started, you thought, "How beautiful that sounds."
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Men chalish boshlaganda, siz " bu naqadar go'zal" deb o'yladingiz
07:27
(Music)
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07:41
"I don't think we should go to the same place
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" Kelasi yil yozgi ta'tilda biz o'tgan
07:42
for our summer holidays next year."
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yilgi joyga bormasak yaxshi bo'lardi"
07:44
(Laughter)
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( Kulgi)
07:47
It's funny, isn't it? It's funny how those thoughts
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Bu juda qiziq, shundaymi? Hayol qay tomonga
07:50
kind of waft into your head.
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boshlab ketishini qarang.
07:53
And of course --
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Va albatta-
07:54
(Applause)
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( qarsaklar)
07:57
-- and of course, if the piece is long and you've had a long day,
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va albatta, agar musiqa uzun bo'lsa va siz kun bo'yi charchagan
08:00
you might actually drift off.
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bo'lsangiz, aslida bu sizni uyquga eltishi mumkin.
08:01
Then your companion will dig you in the ribs
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Va sherigingiz sizni turtib
08:03
and say, "Wake up! It's culture!" And then you feel even worse.
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" Uyg'onsangchi axir, bu madaniyat!" desa, siz o'zingizni undan ham yomon his qilasiz.
08:07
But has it ever occurred to you that the reason you feel sleepy
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Hech o'ylaganmisiz, siz mumtoz musiqa tinglaganda
08:11
in classical music is not because of you, but because of us?
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mizg'ib ketishingizga sabab sizda emas, balki bizda bo'lsachi?
08:13
Did anybody think while I was playing,
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Men chalganimda, hech biringiz "u nega
08:15
"Why is he using so many impulses?"
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shuncha ko'p urg'u berib o'ynayaptimi "deb o'yladingizmi?
08:17
If I'd done this with my head you certainly would have thought it.
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Agar men buni boshim bilan ko'rsatganda, albatta e'tibor bergan bo'lardingiz.
08:21
(Music)
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(Musiqa)
08:26
And for the rest of your life, every time you hear classical music,
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Va endi umringiz oxirigacha, har safar mumtoz musiqa tinglaganda
08:30
you'll always be able to know if you hear those impulses.
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siz bu umpuls, urg'ularni seza oladigan bo'lasiz.
08:34
So let's see what's really going on here.
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Keling yaqindan ko'rib chiqaylik.
08:36
We have a B. This is a B. The next note is a C.
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Bizda B (bi) ohangi bor, Bu Bi, keyingi nota C (si).
08:41
And the job of the C is to make the B sad. And it does, doesn't it?
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Sining vazifasi Bini homush qilishdir. Qarang-a!
08:44
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
08:47
Composers know that. If they want sad music,
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Kompozitorlar buni biladi. Agar homush musiqa kerak bo'lsa
08:49
they just play those two notes.
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mana shu ikki notani o'ynashadi.
08:50
(Music)
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(musiqa)
08:55
But basically, it's just a B, with four sads.
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Aslida bu faqat Bi, 4 ta homush nota bilan.
08:57
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
09:00
Now, it goes down to A. Now to G. And then to F.
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Endi A (Ei) ga o'tamiz.Keyin G ( Dji) va keyin F (ef).
09:05
So we have B, A, G, F. And if we have B, A, G, F,
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Endi bizda, Bi, Ei, Dji, Ef, va yana bu B,A,G, F bo'lsa
09:10
what do we expect next? Oh, that might have been a fluke.
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keyingisi nima bo'ladi? Oh, qaytadan harakat qilingchi.
09:16
Let's try it again. Ooh, the TED choir.
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Qani TED Xori, Ooh.
09:22
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
09:25
And you notice nobody is tone-deaf, right? Nobody is.
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Ko'rdingizmi? hammada ohangrabolik bor.
09:29
You know, every village in Bangladesh
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Bangladeshning har bir qishlog'idan tortib
09:31
and every hamlet in China -- everybody knows:
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Xitoyning har bir burchagidagi odamlar- hamma hamma buni biladi:
09:37
da, da, da, da -- da. Everybody knows, who's expecting that E.
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ta-ta-ta-ta.. Hamma keyin E ( i) kelishini biladi.
09:40
Now, Chopin didn't want to reach the E there,
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Endi Chopin E ( I) ga birdan yetib borgisi kelmaydi,
09:44
because what will have happened? It will be over, like Hamlet.
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chunki aks holda u tugab qoladi. Huddi Gamletga o'xshab.
09:46
Do you remember Hamlet? Act one, scene three,
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Gamletni eslaysizmi. 1 chi qism, 3 chi ko'rinishi:
09:49
he finds out that his uncle killed his father.
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U tog'asi otasini o'ldirganini bilib qoladi.
09:50
You remember, he keeps on going up to his uncle
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Eslasangiz u borib tog'asini o'ldirmoqchi bo'ladi
09:52
and almost killing him. And then he backs away,
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yaqinlashadiyu, lekin yana orqaga qaytadi
09:53
and he goes up to him again and almost kills him.
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va u yana yaqinlashib, uni o'ldirmoqchi bo'ladi, lekin yana qaytadi.
09:56
And the critics, all of whom are sitting in the back row there,
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Va orqa qatorda o'tirgan tanqidchilar
09:58
they have to have an opinion, so they say, "Hamlet is a procrastinator."
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fikr bildirish kerak bo'lganda " Gamlet ishni orqaga qoldiradiganlardan" degan bo'lardi.
10:01
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
10:02
Or they say, "Hamlet has an Oedipus complex."
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Yoki ular " Gamlet Edipus kasaliga uchragan" deydi.
10:05
No, otherwise the play would be over, stupid.
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Yo'q, aks holda spektakl oxiriga yetgan bo'lardi.
10:08
That's why Shakespeare puts all that stuff in Hamlet --
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Shuning uchun Shekspir Gamlet spektakliga bu narsalarni qo'shgan.
10:11
you know, Ophelia going mad and the play within the play,
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Yani Ofelianing aqldan ozishi, spektakl ichida spektakl
10:13
and Yorick's skull, and the gravediggers.
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Yorikning kallasi, go'r qazuvchilar,
10:15
That's in order to delay -- until act five, he can kill him.
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bularning bari o'ldirish sahnasini biroz ortga surib turish uchundir.
10:18
It's the same with the Chopin. He's just about to reach the E,
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Chopin ham shunday qiladi. Yani E notasiga yetay deganda
10:23
and he says, "Oops, better go back up and do it again."
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u " qani bunga bir aylanib qaytib kelaychi " deydi
10:25
So he does it again.
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shuning uchun u yana takrorlaydi.
10:29
Now, he gets excited. (Piano) That's excitement,
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Endi u hayajonlanib ketadi- bu hayajon,
10:32
you don't have to worry about it.
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bu haqida qayg'urmay qo'ya qoling.
10:34
Now, he gets to F-sharp, and finally he goes down to E,
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Endi u keskin Ef (F) notaga o'tadi, va oxiri E -i notasiga yeta boshlaydi,
10:36
but it's the wrong chord -- because the chord he's looking for
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lekin bu noto'g'ri nota, chunki u izlayotgani
10:40
is this one, (Piano) and instead he does ...
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mana bu, va uning o'rniga u shuni chaladi...
10:43
(Piano) Now, we call that a deceptive cadence, because it deceives us.
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biz buni aldovchi qadam deymiz, chunki u bizni aldaydi.
10:48
I always tell my students, "If you have a deceptive cadence,
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Men har doim talabalarimga shunday deyman: " Agar sizda aldovchi qadam bo'lsa,
10:50
be sure to raise your eyebrows. Then everybody will know."
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qoshalringizni bir ko'tarib qo'ying, shunda hamma biladi "
10:52
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
10:55
(Applause)
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(Qarsaklar)
10:59
Right. So, he gets to E, but it's the wrong chord.
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Endi u E (i) notasiga keladi, lekin bu noto'g'ri nota.
11:01
Now, he tries E again. That chord doesn't work.
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Va u yana E ni chalib ko'radi. Lekin davomiylik yo'q.
11:04
Now, he tries the E again. That chord doesn't work.
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U yana E ni chaladi. U yana to'g'ri kelmaydi.
11:07
Now, he tries E again, and that doesn't work.
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Endi u yana E (i) notasini chalib ko'radi, yana to'g'ri kelmaydi.
11:10
And then finally ... (Piano)
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va oxiri..
11:13
There was a gentleman in the front row who went, "Mmm."
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mana bu birinchi qatordagi kishi " mmm..." deyishini ko'ring.
11:18
It's the same gesture he makes when he comes home
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U uzun kundan keyin uyiga kelib, mashinadan tushganida
11:20
after a long day, turns off the key in his car and says,
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huddi shunday yengil tortadi.
11:24
"Aah, I'm home." Because we all know where home is.
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" Ahh..Men uydaman". Chunki biz hammamiz uy nimaligi bilamiz.
11:27
So this is a piece which goes from away to home.
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Va mana bu yerda uzoqdan uyiga keladi.
11:30
And I'm going to play it all the way through
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Va men boshidan boshlab chalaman
11:32
and you're going to follow. B, C, B, C, B, C, B --
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va siz men bilan birga kuzating. B, Si, B, Si, B, Si, B-
11:35
down to A, down to G, down to F.
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dan A gacha, va G (Dji) va F (ef) gacha.
11:37
Almost goes to E, but otherwise the play would be over.
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E ga boray boray deydi, lekin bormaydi, aks holda musiqa tugagan bo'lardi.
11:40
He goes back up to B. He gets very excited. Goes to F-sharp. Goes to E.
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Va u yana B (Bi) ga qaytadi. Va hayajonlanadi, keyin keskin F (ef) ga buriladi. Keyin E ( i) ga boradi.
11:42
It's the wrong chord. It's the wrong chord. It's the wrong chord.
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Bu noto'g'ri nota. Noto'g'ri nota. Noto'g'ri nota.
11:45
And finally goes to E, and it's home.
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va oxiri u E (i) ga keladi, huddi uyga kelganday.
11:47
And what you're going to see is one-buttock playing.
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Va siz hozir bir bo'ksada yonboshlab chalishimga guvoh bo'lasiz.
11:50
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
11:53
Because for me, to join the B to the E,
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Chunki men Bi va E notalarini birlashtirishim uchun
11:56
I have to stop thinking about every single note along the way,
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oradagi hamma notalar haqida alohida o'ylamasdan,
12:01
and start thinking about the long, long line from B to E.
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balki Bi dan E gacha bo'lgan uzun yo'lni o'ylashim kerak.
12:07
You know, we were just in South Africa, and you can't go to South Africa
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Bilasizmi, biz yaqinda Janubiy Afrikada bo'ldik, va Janubiy Afrikaga borganda
12:11
without thinking of Mandela in jail for 27 years.
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Mandela 27 yil qamoqda bo'lganini o'ylamay qo'ymaysiz.
12:15
What was he thinking about? Lunch?
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U nima haqida o'ylagan ekan shuncha payt? Tushlik haqidami?
12:17
No, he was thinking about the vision for South Africa
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Yo'q, u Janubiy Afrikaning kelajagini orzu qilgan
12:21
and for human beings. That's what kept --
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va odamzot hayotini yaxshilashni o'ylagan. Ana shu narsa-
12:22
this is about vision. This is about the long line.
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uning orzulari va niyatlari uni maqsadiga yetkazdi. Bu o'sha uzun chiziqdir.
12:25
Like the bird who flies over the field
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Huddi qushlar uzun dalalar ustidan uchganday
12:27
and doesn't care about the fences underneath, all right?
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ular pastdagi devorlarga qaramaydi to'g'rimi?
12:31
So now, you're going to follow the line all the way from B to E.
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Va siz hozir men bilan B dan E notasigacha davomiylikni kuzatasiz.
12:34
And I've one last request before I play this piece all the way through.
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Boshlashimdan oldin , sizdan bir narsani so'rayman.
12:38
Would you think of somebody who you adore, who's no longer there?
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Siz juda yaxhshi ko'rgan, lekin endi orangizda bo'lmagan odam haqida o'ylang.
12:43
A beloved grandmother, a lover --
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Sevimli buvingizmi, sevgan odamingizmi,
12:47
somebody in your life who you love with all your heart,
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kimdir, siz butun qalbingiz bilan yaxshi ko'rgan inson
12:50
but that person is no longer with you.
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lekin u odam orangizda endi yo'q.
12:54
Bring that person into your mind, and at the same time
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Ana shu insonni hayolingizga keltiring, va ayni paytda
12:57
follow the line all the way from B to E,
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B dan E notasigacha bo'lgan chiziqni kuzating,
13:01
and you'll hear everything that Chopin had to say.
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va shunda siz Chopin aytgisi kelgan hamma narsani tinglay olasiz.
13:09
(Music)
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( Musiqa)
15:00
(Applause)
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(Qarsaklar)
15:07
Now, you may be wondering,
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Siz balki hayron bo'lgandirsiz
15:12
you may be wondering why I'm clapping.
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Nima uchun men qarsak chalayapman.
15:18
Well, I did this at a school in Boston
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Men Bostonda bir maktabda shunday qildim
15:20
with about 70 seventh graders, 12-year-olds.
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taxminan 70 ta 12 yoshli yettinchi sinf o'quvchilariga.
15:24
And I did exactly what I did with you, and I told them
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Men ularga hozir siz bilan nima qilgan bo'lsam
15:26
and explained them and the whole thing.
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huddi shunday qildim, ularga aytdim, tushuntirdim.
15:27
And at the end, they went crazy, clapping. They were clapping.
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Va oxiri ular hayajonlanib qarsak chalishdi.
15:30
I was clapping. They were clapping.
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Men ham qarsak chaldim. Ular ham qarsak chaldi.
15:31
Finally, I said, "Why am I clapping?"
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Oxiri men aytdim: Men nima uchun qarsak chalayapman?"
15:33
And one of the little kids said, "Because we were listening."
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Kickhina bolalarning biri esa : " Chunki biz sizni tingladik" deb javob berdi.
15:34
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
15:40
Think of it. 1,600 people, busy people,
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O'ylab ko'ringa, 1600 odam, band odamlar
15:42
involved in all sorts of different things,
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har hil ish bilan mashg'ul odamlar.
15:45
listening, understanding and being moved by a piece by Chopin.
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Chopinning musiqasini, tinglab, uni tushinib ta'sirlandi.
15:51
Now that is something.
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Bu e'tiborga sazovordir.
15:52
Now, am I sure that every single person followed that,
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Har bir odam buni tushunib, ta'sirlanganiga
15:55
understood it, was moved by it? Of course, I can't be sure.
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ishonaman. Albatta men bunga aminman deb aytolmayman.
15:58
But I tell you what happened to me.
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Lekin men sizga bir narsani aytaman.
15:59
I was in Ireland during the Troubles, 10 years ago,
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Men Irlandiyada 10 yil oldin muammo paytlarida bo'lgandim
16:02
and I was working with some Catholic and Protestant kids
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va men Katolik va Protestant bolalari orasida
16:05
on conflict resolution. And I did this with them --
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qarama qarshilikni hal qilish ustida ishlayotgandim. Va men ham ular bilan huddi shunday qildim.
16:10
a risky thing to do, because they were street kids.
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Bu xavfli, chunki ular ko'chada o'sgan bolalar.
16:12
And one of them came to me the next morning and he said,
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Ertasiga bolarning biri menga kelib shunday dedi:
16:16
"You know, I've never listened to classical music in my life,
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" Bilasizmi, men hayotimda hech qachon mumtoz musiqa tinglamaganman,
16:19
but when you played that shopping piece ... "
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lekin siz o'sha "shopping" ni chalganda... (shopping- bozor qilish degani. Bola Chopinni adashtirib Shopping deydi)
16:20
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
16:23
He said, "My brother was shot last year and I didn't cry for him.
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u shunday dedi " mening akam o'tgan yili otib o'ldirilgan edi. Men u uchun hech yig'lamagandim
16:28
But last night, when you played that piece,
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Lekin kecha siz o'sha musiqani chalganda
16:29
he was the one I was thinking about.
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men u haqida o'ylayotgan edim.
16:32
And I felt the tears streaming down my face.
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va men ko'z yoshlarimni to'xtata olmadim.
16:34
And you know, it felt really good to cry for my brother."
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Bilasizmi, men akam uchun yig'lab, ancha yengil tortdim."
16:37
So I made up my mind at that moment
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Va men shunda bir qarorga keldim
16:39
that classical music is for everybody. Everybody.
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y'ani mumtoz musiqa hamma uchundir. Hamma uchun.
16:47
Now, how would you walk -- because you know,
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Lekin qanday yashash mumkin, qanday yurish mumkin-
16:49
my profession, the music profession doesn't see it that way.
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chunki mening musiqiy kasbim buni ko'rmaydi.
16:53
They say three percent of the population likes classical music.
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Ular aytadiki, aholining 3 foizi mumtoz musiqani sevadi.
16:56
If only we could move it to four percent, our problems would be over.
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Agar biz ularning sonini 4 foizga ko'tarsak, muammolarimiz hal bo'lardi deyishadi.
17:01
I say, "How would you walk? How would you talk? How would you be?
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men esa aytaman, qanday qilib yurish mumkin, qanday qilib so'zlash mumkin,
17:04
If you thought, three percent of the population likes classical music,
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agar aholining faqat 3 foizi mumtoz musiqani sevadi deb o'ylasangiz, qanday yashash mumkin?
17:08
if only we could move it to four percent. How would you walk?
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Agar faqatgina 4 foizga ko'tarsak. Qanday qilib yurasiz?
17:10
How would you talk? How would you be?
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Qanday qilib gapira olasiz? Agar hamma mumtoz musiqani
17:12
If you thought, everybody loves classical music --
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sevadi, lekin ular o'zlari hali buni tushunib yetishgani yo'q
17:14
they just haven't found out about it yet."
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desangizchi, qanday qilib yashardingiz?
17:16
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
17:17
See, these are totally different worlds.
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Qarang-a bu umuman boshqa dunyo.
17:20
Now, I had an amazing experience. I was 45 years old,
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Men 45 yoshimda bir ajoyib narsa sodir bo'ldi.
17:23
I'd been conducting for 20 years, and I suddenly had a realization.
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Men 20 yildan beri derejer bo'lgach, birdaniga shuni tushunib yetdim:
17:29
The conductor of an orchestra doesn't make a sound.
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Orkestraning direjori umuman ovoz yoki musiqa chiqarmaydi.
17:32
My picture appears on the front of the CD --
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Mening rasmim CD yuzida chiqadi-
17:34
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
17:37
-- but the conductor doesn't make a sound.
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-lekin dirijor umuman tovush chiqarmaydi.
17:40
He depends, for his power, on his ability to make other people powerful.
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Uning bor kuchi boshqa odamlarni kuchlantirishdan iboratdir.
17:44
And that changed everything for me. It was totally life changing.
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Buni tushunib yetish mening hayotimni butunlay o'zgartirdi.
17:49
People in my orchestra came up to me and said,
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Mening orkestramdagi odamlar mendan
17:50
"Ben, what happened?" That's what happened.
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" Ben, senga nima bo'ldi?" deb so'rash boshladi. Menga ana shu narsa sodir bo'ldi.
17:52
I realized my job was to awaken possibility in other people.
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Men shuni angladimki, mening ishim boshqa odamlarning qobiliyatlarini uyg'otishdan iborat.
17:57
And of course, I wanted to know whether I was doing that.
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Va albatta, men buni bajarayapmanmi yo'qmi bilgim keldi.
18:00
And you know how you find out? You look at their eyes.
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Buni qanday bilsa bo'ladi? Ularning ko'zlaridan.
18:03
If their eyes are shining, you know you're doing it.
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Agar ularning ko'zlari porlab tursa, to'g'ri ish qilayotganingizni bilasiz.
18:08
You could light up a village with this guy's eyes.
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Qarang, mana bu kishing ko'zlari bilan butun qishloqni yoritsa bo'ladi.
18:09
(Laughter)
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(Kulgi)
18:11
Right. So if the eyes are shining, you know you're doing it.
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Haqiqatdan, agar ko'zlari porlasa , demak siz to'g'ri ish qildingiz.
18:13
If the eyes are not shining, you get to ask a question.
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Agar ko'zlari charaqlamasa, o'zingizga savol bering.
18:16
And this is the question:
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Savol shuki:
18:17
who am I being, that my players' eyes are not shining?
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Men ularning ko'zlari charaqlamaydigan nima qilayapman?
18:24
We can do that with our children, too.
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Va biz farzandlarimiz bilan ham shunday qilsak bo'ladi.
18:25
Who am I being, that my children's eyes are not shining?
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mening farzandlarim ko'zlari porlamaydigan nima ish qilayapman?
18:31
That's a totally different world.
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Bu umuman boshqa dunyo.
18:33
Now, we're all about to end this magical, on-the-mountain week,
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Biz mana bir tog'dek ajoyib haftaning yakuniga kelayapmiz,
18:39
and we're going back into the world.
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va biz kundalik hayotlarimizga qaytamiz.
18:40
And I say, it's appropriate for us to ask the question,
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biz shuni so'rasak bo'ladi:
18:44
who are we being as we go back out into the world?
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men kundalik hayotga qaytib, dunyoda kim bo'layapman?
18:49
And you know, I have a definition of success.
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Bilasizmi, muvaffaqiyatni men qanday ta'riflayman.
18:52
For me, it's very simple. It's not about wealth and fame and power.
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Men uchun bu juda sodda. Bu boylik, mashhurlik yoki kuch emas.
18:54
It's about how many shining eyes I have around me.
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Bu atrofimda porlab turgan ko'zlar sonidadir.
18:58
So now, I have one last thought, which is
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Va mening oxirgi bir o'yim shuki,
19:01
that it really makes a difference what we say --
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biz aytgan so'zlarimiz ahamiyati katta.
19:04
the words that come out of our mouth.
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Og'zimizdan chiqqan har bir so'z narsalarni o'zgartira oladi.
19:06
I learned this from a woman who survived Auschwitz,
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Men buni Osventsim (Aushvitz) fashist qamoq lageridan qutulib chiqqan
19:10
one of the rare survivors.
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tirik qolgan ozchilik odamlar orasidagi bir ayoldan o'rgandim.
19:11
She went to Auschwitz when she was 15 years old,
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U 15 yoshida Aushvitzga boradi,
19:16
and her brother was eight, and the parents were lost.
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uning ukasi esa 8 yoshli edi, ota-onalari yo'qolgan edi.
19:23
And she told me this, she said,
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Va u menga aytdiki, " Biz Aushvitzga poezdda
19:28
"We were in the train going to Auschwitz, and I looked down
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ketayotganda, ukamning oyoq kiyimi
19:31
and saw my brother's shoes were missing.
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yo'qligini ko'rib qoldim, va unga
19:34
And I said, 'Why are you so stupid, can't you keep your things together
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"Shunchalik ham ahmoq bo'lasanmi, narsalaringa
19:37
for goodness' sake?' " The way an elder sister
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qarab yurolmaysanmi, voy-ey?" dedim,
19:38
might speak to a younger brother.
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huddi opa ukasiga gapiradiganday.
19:42
Unfortunately, it was the last thing she ever said to him,
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Afsuski, bu unga aytgan oxirgi so'zlari edi
19:45
because she never saw him again. He did not survive.
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chunki u ukasini qaytib hech ko'rmadi. Ukasi tirik qolmadi.
19:49
And so when she came out of Auschwitz, she made a vow.
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Va u Aushvitzdan qutulib chiqqanda, shunday ont ichdi.
19:52
She told me this. She said, "I walked out of Auschwitz into life
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U menga aytdi : Aushvitzdan hayotga qaytganda
19:56
and I made a vow. And the vow was, I will never say anything
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men ont ichdim. Ont shuki, men hech qachon so'nggi
20:02
that couldn't stand as the last thing I ever say."
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so'z bo'lolmaydigan narsani aytmayman"
20:05
Now, can we do that? No. And we'll make ourselves wrong
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Biz shunday qila olamizmi? Yo'q. Biz o'zimizni va
20:10
and others wrong. But it is a possibility to live into. Thank you.
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boshqalarni ham noto'g'ri qilamiz. Lekin bu nazarda tutadigan ehtimol, imkoniyatdir. Rahmat.
20:17
(Applause)
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(Qarsaklar)
20:23
Shining eyes, shining eyes.
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Charaqlagan ko'zlar, porlagan ko'zlar.
20:34
Thank you, thank you.
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Rahmat sizga, Rahmat.
20:38
(Music)
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( Musiqa)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Benjamin Zander - ConductorA leading interpreter of Mahler and Beethoven, Benjamin Zander is known for his charisma and unyielding energy -- and for his brilliant pre-concert talks.
Why you should listen
Since 1979, Benjamin Zander has been the conductor of the Boston Philharmonic. He is known around the world as both a guest conductor and a speaker on leadership -- and he's been known to do both in a single performance. He uses music to help people open their minds and create joyful harmonies that bring out the best in themselves and their colleagues.
His provocative ideas about leadership are rooted in a partnership with Rosamund Stone Zander, with whom he co-wrote The Art of Possibility.
Benjamin Zander | Speaker | TED.com