ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TED Studio

Chris Anderson: TED's secret to great public speaking

Chris Anderson: O segredo do TED para ser um ótimo orador

Filmed:
5,536,245 views

Não existe fórmula para dar uma ótima palestra TED, mas existe um ingrediente secreto que todas as melhores palestras TED têm em comum. Chris Anderson, curador do TED, compartilha esse segredo, além de quatro formas de fazê-lo dar certo com você. Será que você tem o que é preciso para compartilhar uma ideia que merece ser divulgada?
- TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Some people think that there's
a TED Talk formula:
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Alguns acham que existe uma fórmula
para dar palestras TED.
00:15
"Give a talk on a round, red rug."
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"Palestre num tapete redondo e vermelho."
00:17
"Share a childhood story."
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"Conte uma história de infância."
"Revele um segredo pessoal."
00:18
"Divulge a personal secret."
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00:20
"End with an inspiring call to action."
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"Conclua com um chamado
inspirador para ação."
00:23
No.
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Não.
00:24
That's not how to think of a TED Talk.
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Não pense numa palestra TED assim.
00:26
In fact, if you overuse those devices,
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Na verdade, se exagerar nesses recursos,
você vai parecer clichê ou manipulador.
00:28
you're just going to come across
as clichéd or emotionally manipulative.
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00:32
But there is one thing that all
great TED Talks have in common,
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Mas há uma coisa que todas as grandes
palestras TED têm em comum
00:36
and I would like to share
that thing with you,
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e eu gostaria de compartilhá-la com vocês,
00:39
because over the past 12 years,
I've had a ringside seat,
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porque, nos últimos 12 anos,
sentei na primeira fileira,
00:42
listening to many hundreds
of amazing TED speakers, like these.
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ouvindo centenas de incríveis
palestrantes TED, como esses.
Eu os ajudei a preparar
suas palestras para o horário nobre
00:46
I've helped them prepare
their talks for prime time,
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00:49
and learned directly from them
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e aprendi diretamente com eles
seus segredos de como dar
uma grande palestra.
00:50
their secrets of what
makes for a great talk.
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00:53
And even though these speakers
and their topics all seem
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Embora esses palestrantes e seus temas
pareçam ser totalmente diferentes,
00:56
completely different,
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00:57
they actually do have
one key common ingredient.
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eles na verdade têm
um ingrediente em comum,
que é o seguinte:
01:01
And it's this:
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01:03
Your number one task as a speaker
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sua principal tarefa como palestrante
01:05
is to transfer into your listeners' minds
an extraordinary gift --
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é transferir para a mente dos ouvintes
um presente extraordinário,
01:10
a strange and beautiful object
that we call an idea.
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algo estranho e lindo,
que chamamos de "ideia".
Vou mostrar o que
quero dizer. Esta é Haley.
01:16
Let me show you what I mean.
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01:17
Here's Haley.
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Ela está prestes a dar uma palestra TED
e é óbvio que ela está apavorada.
01:18
She is about to give a TED Talk
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01:20
and frankly, she's terrified.
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01:22
(Video) Presenter: Haley Van Dyck!
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(Vídeo) Apresentador: Haley Van Dyck!
01:24
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
01:30
Over the course of 18 minutes,
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Durante 18 minutos,
01:32
1,200 people, many of whom
have never seen each other before,
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1,2 mil pessoas, muitas das quais
jamais se viram antes,
01:36
are finding that their brains
are starting to sync with Haley's brain
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descobrem que suas mentes entram
em sincronia com a de Haley,
01:40
and with each other.
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e umas com as outras.
01:41
They're literally beginning to exhibit
the same brain-wave patterns.
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Começam literalmente a exibir
os mesmos padrões de ondas cerebrais.
01:45
And I don't just mean
they're feeling the same emotions.
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Não que estejam apenas
sentindo as mesmas emoções.
01:48
There's something even more
startling happening.
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Algo ainda mais surpreendente acontece.
01:50
Let's take a look inside
Haley's brain for a moment.
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Vamos dar uma olhada
no cérebro de Haley um instante.
01:54
There are billions of interconnected
neurons in an impossible tangle.
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Há bilhões de neurônios interconectados
num emaranhado incrível,
01:58
But look here, right here --
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mas vejam aqui, bem aqui:
02:00
a few million of them
are linked to each other
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alguns milhões deles
estão ligados uns aos outros
02:03
in a way which represents a single idea.
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de uma forma que representa uma ideia.
02:06
And incredibly, this exact pattern
is being recreated in real time
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Incrivelmente, esse padrão exato
é recriado em tempo real
02:10
inside the minds of everyone listening.
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nas mentes de todos da plateia.
02:13
That's right; in just a few minutes,
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Isso mesmo: em apenas alguns minutos,
02:15
a pattern involving millions of neurons
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um padrão envolvendo milhões de neurônios
é teleportado para 1,2 mil mentes,
02:18
is being teleported into 1,200 minds,
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02:21
just by people listening to a voice
and watching a face.
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somente ao ouvirem uma voz
e observarem um rosto.
02:24
But wait -- what is an idea anyway?
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Mas esperem... o que é uma ideia, afinal?
02:27
Well, you can think of it
as a pattern of information
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Bem, podemos imaginá-la
como um padrão de informações
02:31
that helps you understand
and navigate the world.
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que o ajuda a entender
e a experimentar o mundo.
As ideias surgem
em todas as formas e tamanhos,
02:34
Ideas come in all shapes and sizes,
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02:36
from the complex and analytical
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desde as complexas e analíticas
às simples e estéticas.
02:38
to the simple and aesthetic.
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02:40
Here are just a few examples
shared from the TED stage.
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Eis apenas alguns exemplos
compartilhados no palco do TED.
02:43
Sir Ken Robinson -- creativity
is key to our kids' future.
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Sir Ken Robinson... a criatividade
é fundamental para o futuro das crianças.
02:47
(Video) Sir Ken Robinson:
My contention is that creativity now
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(Vídeo) Sir Ken Robinson:
"Argumento que a criatividade, hoje,
02:50
is as important in education as literacy,
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é tão importante para a educação
quanto a alfabetização,
02:53
and we should treat it
with the same status.
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e devemos tratá-la no mesmo nível".
02:56
Chris Anderson: Elora Hardy --
building from bamboo is beautiful.
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Chris Anderson: Elora Hardy...
construir com bambu é lindo.
(Vídeo) Elora Hardy:
"Cresce em toda a nossa volta,
02:59
(Video) Elora Hardy:
It is growing all around us,
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03:01
it's strong, it's elegant,
it's earthquake-resistant.
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é firme, elegante,
resistente a terremotos".
03:05
CA: Chimamanda Adichie --
people are more than a single identity.
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CA: Chimamanda Adichie...
as pessoas são mais do que uma identidade.
03:09
(Video) Chimamanda Adichie:
The single story creates stereotypes,
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(Vídeo) Chimamanda Adichie:
"A história única cria estereótipos
03:12
and the problem with stereotypes
is not that they are untrue,
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e o problema dos estereótipos
não é que não sejam verdadeiros,
03:17
but that they are incomplete.
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mas são incompletos".
03:19
CA: Your mind is teeming with ideas,
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CA: Sua mente está repleta de ideias,
e não simplesmente aleatórias.
03:21
and not just randomly.
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03:23
They're carefully linked together.
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Elas estão cuidadosamente ligadas.
03:25
Collectively they form
an amazingly complex structure
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Juntas, elas formam uma estrutura
incrivelmente complexa
03:28
that is your personal worldview.
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que é a sua visão pessoal de mundo.
03:30
It's your brain's operating system.
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É o sistema operacional do seu cérebro,
é a forma como você experimenta o mundo
03:32
It's how you navigate the world.
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03:34
And it is built up out of millions
of individual ideas.
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e é construída a partir de milhões
de ideias individuais.
03:38
So, for example, if one little
component of your worldview
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Por exemplo, se um pequeno componente
da sua visão de mundo
03:42
is the idea that kittens are adorable,
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é a ideia de que gatinhos
são seres adoráveis,
03:44
then when you see this,
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quando você vir isto, vai reagir assim.
03:47
you'll react like this.
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Se outro componente da sua visão de mundo
03:48
But if another component of your worldview
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for a ideia de que
leopardos são perigosos,
03:51
is the idea that leopards are dangerous,
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quando você vir isto,
vai reagir um pouquinho diferente.
03:53
then when you see this,
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03:54
you'll react a little bit differently.
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03:57
So, it's pretty obvious
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Então, fica bem evidente
03:59
why the ideas that make up
your worldview are crucial.
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por que as ideias que constroem
sua visão de mundo são cruciais.
Você precisa que elas sejam
um guia o mais confiável possível,
04:03
You need them to be as reliable
as possible -- a guide,
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para o mundo assustador,
mas maravilhoso que está aí.
04:06
to the scary but wonderful
real world out there.
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As visões de mundo de diferentes pessoas
podem ser drasticamente diferentes.
04:09
Now, different people's worldviews
can be dramatically different.
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04:14
For example,
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Por exemplo,
04:15
how does your worldview react
when you see this image:
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como sua visão de mundo reage
quando você vê isso?
04:19
(Video) Dalia Mogahed:
What do you think when you look at me?
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(Vídeo) Dalia Mogahed: "O que vocês
pensam ao olharem pra mim?
04:22
"A woman of faith,"
"an expert," maybe even "a sister"?
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Uma 'mulher religiosa'?
Uma 'especialista'?
Quem sabe até uma 'irmã'?
04:28
Or "oppressed," "brainwashed,"
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Ou 'oprimida', alguém que
'sofreu lavagem cerebral',
04:32
"a terrorist"?
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'terrorista'?"
CA: Seja qual for sua resposta,
04:33
CA: Whatever your answer,
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04:35
there are millions of people out there
who would react very differently.
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há milhões de pessoas por aí
que reagiriam de forma bem diferente.
Por isso, ideias são
realmente importantes.
04:38
So that's why ideas really matter.
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04:40
If communicated properly,
they're capable of changing, forever,
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Se comunicadas adequadamente,
elas podem mudar para sempre
04:44
how someone thinks about the world,
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a forma como uma pessoa vê o mundo
e moldar suas ações agora e no futuro.
04:46
and shaping their actions both now
and well into the future.
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As ideias são a força mais poderosa
capaz de moldar a cultura humana.
04:51
Ideas are the most powerful force
shaping human culture.
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Se você aceitar que sua principal tarefa
como palestrante é fazer brotar uma ideia
04:55
So if you accept
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04:56
that your number one task
as a speaker is to build an idea
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04:59
inside the minds of your audience,
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nas mentes das pessoas na sua plateia,
05:01
here are four guidelines
for how you should go about that task:
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tenho quatro dicas
sobre como realizar essa tarefa:
05:04
One, limit your talk
to just one major idea.
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primeiro, limite sua palestra
a apenas uma grande ideia.
05:09
Ideas are complex things;
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Ideias são coisas complexas
05:11
you need to slash back your content
so that you can focus
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e você precisa resumir o conteúdo
para que consiga focar
05:14
on the single idea
you're most passionate about,
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especificamente aquela ideia
pela qual é mais apaixonado
05:17
and give yourself a chance
to explain that one thing properly.
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e possa ter a chance de explicá-la
de forma adequada.
05:20
You have to give context,
share examples, make it vivid.
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É preciso contextualizar,
dar exemplos, deixar claro.
Então, escolha uma ideia
05:24
So pick one idea,
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05:25
and make it the through-line
running through your entire talk,
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e torne-a sua linha de raciocínio
durante toda a palestra,
05:29
so that everything you say
links back to it in some way.
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de forma que tudo que disser
se remeta a ela de alguma forma.
05:33
Two, give your listeners a reason to care.
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Segundo, dê à plateia razão
para querer ouvir.
05:37
Before you can start building things
inside the minds of your audience,
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Antes de começar a criar ideias
na mente das pessoas na sua plateia,
você precisa da permissão
delas para fazer isso.
05:41
you have to get their permission
to welcome you in.
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05:44
And the main tool to achieve that?
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Qual a principal ferramenta
para fazer isso? A curiosidade.
05:46
Curiosity.
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05:47
Stir your audience's curiosity.
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Instigue a curiosidade da sua plateia.
05:49
Use intriguing, provocative questions
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Faça perguntas intrigantes e provocativas
05:52
to identify why something
doesn't make sense and needs explaining.
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para deixar claro por que algo não faz
sentido e precisa ser explicado.
05:56
If you can reveal a disconnection
in someone's worldview,
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Se você conseguir revelar uma incoerência
na visão de mundo de uma pessoa,
06:00
they'll feel the need
to bridge that knowledge gap.
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ela sentirá a necessidade de preencher
essa lacuna de conhecimento.
06:04
And once you've sparked that desire,
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Uma vez fomentado nela esse desejo,
06:06
it will be so much easier
to start building your idea.
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será bem mais fácil
começar a tecer sua ideia.
06:10
Three, build your idea, piece by piece,
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Terceiro: apresente sua ideia,
parte por parte,
06:13
out of concepts that your audience
already understands.
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a partir de conceitos
que sua plateia já compreende.
06:17
You use the power of language
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Use o poder da linguagem
para costurar conceitos que já existem
na mente dos ouvintes,
06:18
to weave together
concepts that already exist
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06:21
in your listeners' minds --
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mas não a sua linguagem;
a linguagem deles.
06:23
but not your language, their language.
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Comece com o que eles entendem.
06:25
You start where they are.
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Os palestrantes esquecem que muitos
dos termos e conceitos comuns para eles
06:27
The speakers often forget that many
of the terms and concepts they live with
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06:30
are completely unfamiliar
to their audiences.
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são completamente incomuns
para sua plateia.
06:33
Now, metaphors can play a crucial role
in showing how the pieces fit together,
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Metáforas podem ser fundamentais
em mostrar como as partes se encaixam,
06:38
because they reveal
the desired shape of the pattern,
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porque revelam o formato
desejado do padrão,
06:42
based on an idea that the listener
already understands.
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com base em uma ideia
que o ouvinte já compreende.
06:46
For example, when Jennifer Kahn
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Por exemplo, quando Jennifer Kahn
06:48
wanted to explain the incredible
new biotechnology called CRISPR,
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tentou explicar a incrível
nova tecnologia chamada CRISPR,
06:51
she said, "It's as if, for the first time,
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ela disse: "É como se, pela primeira vez,
tivéssemos um processador
de texto para editar o DNA.
06:54
you had a word processor to edit DNA.
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06:57
CRISPR allows you to cut and paste
genetic information really easily."
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O CRISPR permite copiar e colar
informações de forma muito fácil".
07:02
Now, a vivid explanation like that
delivers a satisfying aha moment
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Uma explicação clara como essa
gera um momento satisfatório de descoberta
quando faz sentido em nossa mente.
07:06
as it snaps into place in our minds.
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07:08
It's important, therefore,
to test your talk on trusted friends,
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Então, é importante testar sua palestra
com amigos em quem confie
07:12
and find out which parts
they get confused by.
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e descobrir que partes dela
eles não entendem bem.
07:15
Four, here's the final tip:
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Quarta e última dica:
faça com que valha a pena
compartilhar sua ideia.
07:17
Make your idea worth sharing.
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Quero dizer, pergunte a si mesmo:
"Quem essa ideia beneficia?"
07:21
By that I mean, ask yourself the question:
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07:23
"Who does this idea benefit?"
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07:26
And I need you to be honest
with the answer.
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É preciso que você
seja sincero na resposta.
07:29
If the idea only serves you
or your organization,
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Se a ideia for proveitosa
apenas pra você ou para sua empresa,
07:32
then, I'm sorry to say,
it's probably not worth sharing.
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lamento dizer, mas provavelmente
não vale a pena compartilhá-la.
07:35
The audience will see right through you.
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A plateia vai ignorá-lo.
07:37
But if you believe that the idea
has the potential
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Porém, se você acredita
que a ideia tem o potencial
07:40
to brighten up someone else's day
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de iluminar o dia de alguém,
07:42
or change someone else's
perspective for the better
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de mudar para melhor
a perspectiva de alguém
07:45
or inspire someone to do
something differently,
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ou de inspirar alguém
a fazer algo de forma diferente,
07:48
then you have the core ingredient
to a truly great talk,
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aí sim você tem o ingrediente principal
para dar uma ótima palestra,
que será um presente
para a plateia e pra todos nós.
07:51
one that can be a gift to them
and to all of us.
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Translated by Leonardo Silva
Reviewed by Gustavo Rocha

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com