ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Hyeonseo Lee - Activist
As a child growing up in North Korea, Hyeonseo Lee thoght her country was the "best on the planet." It wasn't until the famine of the 90s that she began to wonder. She escaped the country at 17-years-old to begin a life in hiding as a refugee in China. Hers is a harrowing, personal tale of survival and hope -- and a powerful reminder of those who face constant danger, even when the border is far behind.

Why you should listen

 

Hyeonseo Lee grew up in North Korea but escaped to China in 1997. In 2008, when she was 28-years-old, she came to Seoul, South Korea, where she struggled to adjust to life in the bustling city. North Korean defectors often have a hard time in South Korea, she noted in the Wall Street Journal: "We defectors have to start from scratch. Prejudice against North Koreans and icy stares were other obstacles that were hard to cope with."
 
Now a student at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, she has become an advocate for fellow refugees, even helping close relatives leave North Korea after they were targeted. Her dream? As she told the Korea Times, she'd like to work at the UN or an NGO that advocates for the human rights of North Koreans, including their right to be treated as political refugees.

She has a new book called The Girl with Seven Names.

More profile about the speaker
Hyeonseo Lee | Speaker | TED.com
TED2013

Hyeonseo Lee: My escape from North Korea

Hyeonseo Lee: Arratisja nga Korea e Veriut

Filmed:
13,915,716 views

Si çdo femijë i rritur në Korene e Veriut, Hyeonseo Lee mendonte se atdheu i saj ishte “më i miri në planet.” Deri para krizës se viteve 90 nuk e kishte pyetur ndonjëherë veten. U largua nga shteti kur ishte 14 vjeç, për të filluar një jetë të fshehur, si refugjate në Kinë. Kjo ështe nje histori personale pikëlluese që flet për shprese dhe mbijetese --dhe një perkujtim i thelle per ata qe jetojne ne rrezik te vazhdueshem, edhe kur gjenden shume larg kufirit.
- Activist
As a child growing up in North Korea, Hyeonseo Lee thoght her country was the "best on the planet." It wasn't until the famine of the 90s that she began to wonder. She escaped the country at 17-years-old to begin a life in hiding as a refugee in China. Hers is a harrowing, personal tale of survival and hope -- and a powerful reminder of those who face constant danger, even when the border is far behind. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
When I was little,
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Kur isha e vogël,
00:17
I thought my country was the best on the planet,
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mendoja se shteti im ishte më i miri i planetit,
00:20
and I grew up singing a song called "Nothing To Envy."
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dhe u rrita duke kënduar një kënge që quhet "asgjë për të patur zili"
00:24
And I was very proud.
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Isha shumë krenare.
00:26
In school, we spent a lot of time
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Kalonim shumë kohë në shkollë
00:28
studying the history of Kim Il-Sung,
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duke studiuar historinë e Kim II-Sung-ut,
00:30
but we never learned much about the outside world,
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por nuk mesuam gjë për botën e jashtme
00:34
except that America, South Korea, Japan are the enemies.
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perveç se Amerika, Korea e Jugut dhe Japonia jane armiq.
00:39
Although I often wondered about the outside world,
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Edhe pse shpesh isha kurioze për botën e jashtme,
00:42
I thought I would spend my entire life in North Korea,
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mendova se do kaloja gjithe jetën në Koren e veriut,
00:46
until everything suddenly changed.
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deri sa gjithçka ndryshoi papritmas.
00:50
When I was seven years old, I saw my first public execution,
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Kur isha 7 vjeç, pashe për herë të parë një ekzekutim publik,
00:55
but I thought my life in North Korea was normal.
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por mendoja se jeta ime në Koren e Veriut ishte normale.
00:58
My family was not poor,
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Familja ime nuk ishte e varfër,
01:00
and myself, I had never experienced hunger.
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dhe une nuk kam qene e uritur ndonjëhere.
01:04
But one day, in 1995, my mom brought home a letter
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Por një ditë, në 1995, nëna ime pruri në shtëpi një leter
01:08
from a coworker's sister.
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nga motra e një koleges.
01:10
It read, "When you read this, all five family members
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Ishte shkruar,"kur të lexoni këte leter, të 5 pjestarët e familjes
01:15
will not exist in this world,
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nuk do jenë më në këte botë,
01:18
because we haven't eaten for the past two weeks.
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sepse nuk kemi ngrënë kto 2 javët e fundit.
01:22
We are lying on the floor together,
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Jemi shtrire gjithe në tokë,
01:25
and our bodies are so weak we are ready to die."
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dhe trupat tonë jan kaq të dobët që po vdesim".
01:33
I was so shocked.
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Mbeta pa fjale.
01:37
This was the first time I heard
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Ishte hera parë që degjoja
01:39
that people in my country were suffering.
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që njerëzit në shtetin tim po vuanin.
01:43
Soon after, when I was walking past a train station,
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Pas pak kohesh, duke kaluar pas stacjonit të trenit
01:46
I saw something terrible
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pashe diçka të tmerrshme
01:48
that I can't erase from my memory.
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që nuk më hiqet nga mendja.
01:52
A lifeless woman was lying on the ground,
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Një grua pa jetë e shtrirë në tokë,
01:55
while an emaciated child in her arms
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nderkohe që një femijë i dobet në krahet e saj
01:58
just stared helplessly at his mother's face.
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e shikonte në fytyrë pa shprese.
02:02
But nobody helped them, because they were so focused
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Por asnjeri nuk i ndihmoi, sepse te gjithe ishin të perqendruar
02:07
on taking care of themselves and their families.
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të kujdeseshin për veten dhe familjet e tyre.
02:11
A huge famine hit North Korea in the mid-1990s.
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Një krize e madhe ra në Koren e Veriut ne mes të viteve 1990.
02:15
Ultimately, more than a million North Koreans
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Në fund, më se 1 milion Koreanoveriore
02:18
died during the famine, and many only survived
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vdiqën gjat krizes, dhe shumë mbijetuan vetëm
02:21
by eating grass, bugs and tree bark.
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duke ngrëne bar, insekte dhe levore peme.
02:27
Power outages also became more and more frequent,
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Ndërprerjet e energjisë u bën gjithmonë më të shpeshta
02:30
so everything around me was completely dark at night
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dhe rreth meje gjate natës kishte vetem errësire
02:35
except for the sea of lights in China,
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perveç dritave nga Kina,
02:37
just across the river from my home.
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nga ana tjeter e lumit pas shtëpisë time.
02:40
I always wondered why they had lights but we didn't.
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Gjithmonë pyesja veten pse ata kishin drita dhe ne jo.
02:45
This is a satellite picture showing North Korea at night
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Kjo është një fotografi satelitare e Kores se Veriut gjate natës
02:49
compared to neighbors.
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në krahasim me fqinjët.
02:53
This is the Amrok River,
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Ky është lumi Amrok,
02:55
which serves as a part of the border
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që ka funksion kufiri
02:57
between North Korea and China.
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midis Kinës dhe Kores se Veriut.
03:00
As you can see, the river can be very narrow
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Sci shikoni, lumi behet shumë i ngushtë
03:02
at certain points, allowing North Koreans to secretly cross.
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në disa pika, duke dhënë mundesine koreaneve të veriut ta kalojne fshehurazi.
03:08
But many die.
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Por shumë vdesin.
03:10
Sometimes, I saw dead bodies floating down the river.
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Ndonjëhere kam parë trupa pa jetë pezull gjate lumit.
03:17
I can't reveal many details [about] how I left North Korea,
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Nuk mund të jap shumë detaje se si u largova nga Korea e Veriut,
03:22
but I only can say that during the ugly years of the famine
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por mund të them që gjate viteve të tmerrshme të urise
03:27
I was sent to China to live with distant relatives.
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shkova në Kinë për të jetuar me kusherinj të largët.
03:32
But I only thought
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Por mendoja
03:34
that I would be separated from my family for a short time.
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se do ndahesha nga familja ime vetem për pak kohë.
03:38
I could have never imagined
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Nuk e imagjinoja kurrë
03:40
that it would take 14 years to live together.
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që do duhej 14 vjet për të qenë prap sebashku.
03:44
In China, it was hard living as a young girl without my family.
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Në Kinë ishte e veshtirë të jetoja si vajzë e re pa familje.
03:48
I had no idea what life was going to be like
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Nuk dija se si do te ishte jeta
03:52
as a North Korean refugee,
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si refugjate nga Korea e Veriut,
03:54
but I soon learned it's not only extremely difficult,
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por shpejt mësova që nuk është vetëm e veshtirë,
03:57
it's also very dangerous,
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por edhe shumë e rrezikshme,
04:00
since North Korean refugees are considered in China
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sepse Koreanët e Veriut në Kinë konsiderohen
04:05
as illegal migrants.
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si migrantë të paligjshëm.
04:08
So I was living in constant fear
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Jetoja më frikën kostante
04:10
that my identity could be revealed,
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se identiteti im do te zbulohej,
04:12
and I would be repatriated to a horrible fate
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dhe do te me kthenin mbrapsht tek një fat i tmerrshem
04:16
back in North Korea.
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në Koren e Veriut.
04:18
One day, my worst nightmare came true,
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Një ditë ëndrra ime më e keqe u bë realitet,
04:21
when I was caught by the Chinese police
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kur u kapa nga policia kineze
04:24
and brought to the police station for interrogation.
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dhe më sollen në komisariat për pyetje.
04:28
Someone had accused me of being North Korean,
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Dikush më kishte akuzuar se isha nga Korea e Veriut,
04:31
so they tested my Chinese language abilities
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ata provuan aftësinë time në gjuhën kineze
04:35
and asked me tons of questions.
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dhe më bënë qindra pyetje.
04:38
I was so scared,
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Isha kaq e trembur,
04:41
I thought my heart was going to explode.
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mendoja se do me shperthente zemra.
04:44
If anything seemed unnatural, I could be imprisoned
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Nëse gjëja më e vogël dukej falso, do me kishin burgosur
04:47
and repatriated.
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dhe riatdhesuar.
04:49
I thought my life was over,
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Mendova se jeta ime mori fund,
04:52
but I managed to control all the emotions inside me
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por arrita të kontrolloja gjitha emocionet brenda meje
04:55
and answer the questions.
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dhe u përgjigja pyetjeve.
04:57
After they finished questioning me,
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Pasi mbaruan me pyetjet
04:59
one official said to another,
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një oficer i tha një tjetri
05:01
"This was a false report.
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"Ky ishte raport fallso.
05:03
She's not North Korean."
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Ajo nuk është nga Korea e Veriut."
05:05
And they let me go. It was a miracle.
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Dhe më lane të lirë. Ishte nje mrekulli.
05:09
Some North Koreans in China seek asylum
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Disa korean veriorë kerkojne azil në Kinë
05:12
in foreign embassies,
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nepër ambasadat e huaja,
05:15
but many can be caught by the Chinese police
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por shume kapen nga policia kineze
05:18
and repatriated.
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dhe riatdhesohen.
05:19
These girls were so lucky.
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Këta vajzat ishin me fat
05:22
Even though they were caught,
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edhe se u kapën
05:23
they were eventually released
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u lane prap të lira
05:25
after heavy international pressure.
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pas shumë presioneve nderkombetare.
05:28
These North Koreans were not so lucky.
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Keta Koreanet e Veriut nuk patën të njejtin fat.
05:31
Every year, countless North Koreans are caught in China
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Cdo vit, koreano veriorë të panumert kapen në Kinë
05:35
and repatriated to North Korea,
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dhe riatdhesohen
05:38
where they can be tortured, imprisoned
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atje ku mund të torturohen, burgosen
05:41
or publicly executed.
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ose ekzekutohen publikisht.
05:44
Even though I was really fortunate to get out,
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Edhe pse une pata shumë fat që u largova,
05:47
many other North Koreans have not been so lucky.
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shumë tjerë nuk patën të njejtin fat.
05:50
It's tragic that North Koreans have to hide their identities
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Eshtë tragjike që Koreanet veriorë duhet të fshehin identitetin e tyre
05:54
and struggle so hard just to survive.
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dhe të luftojne kaq shumë për të mbijetuar.
05:58
Even after learning a new language and getting a job,
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Edhe pasi kane mësuar një gjuhe të re dhe kane filluar punë,
06:01
their whole world can be turned upside down in an instant.
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jeta e tyre mund të përmbyset në një moment.
06:05
That's why, after 10 years of hiding my identity,
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Dhe ja pse pas 10 vitesh që fshihja identitetin tim,
06:09
I decided to risk going to South Korea,
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vendosa te rrezikoj duke u shkuar në Korene e Jugut,
06:13
and I started a new life yet again.
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dhe fillova një jetë të re.
06:16
Settling down in South Korea was a lot more challenging
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Vendosja në Koren e Jugut rezultoi më e veshtirë
06:19
than I had expected.
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se sa e prisja.
06:22
English was so important in South Korea,
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Anglishtja ishte shume e rendësishme në Koren e Jugut,
06:25
so I had to start learning my third language.
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pra fillova të mësoja një gjuhe te tretë.
06:28
Also, I realized there was a wide gap
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Kuptova që ishte një diferencë e madhe
06:31
between North and South.
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midis Veriut dhe Jugut.
06:33
We are all Korean, but inside,
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Ne jemi te gjithe korean, por brenda,
06:36
we have become very different
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jemi bere shumë të ndryshëm
06:37
due to 67 years of division.
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gjate 67 vitesh ndarje.
06:41
I even went through an identity crisis.
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Kalova edhe një krize identiteti.
06:45
Am I South Korean or North Korean?
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Jam nga Korea e Veriut apo nga Korea e Jugut?
06:48
Where am I from? Who am I?
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Nga vij? Kush jam?
06:51
Suddenly, there was no country
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Papritmas nuk kishte më shtet
06:53
I could proudly call my own.
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për të qenë krenare.
06:59
Even though adjusting to life in South Korea was not easy,
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Edhe pse nuk ishte e thjeshtë të krijoja një jetë në Koren e Jugut
07:03
I made a plan.
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kisha një plan.
07:04
I started studying for the university entrance exam.
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Fillova të mesoja për të hyre në universitet.
07:07
Just as I was starting to get used to my new life,
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Sa po mesohesha me jeten time të re,
07:11
I received a shocking phone call.
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mora një telefnatë tronditëse.
07:14
The North Korean authorities
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Autoritetet e Kores se Veriut
07:15
intercepted some money that I sent to my family,
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kishin zbuluar që kisha derguar familjes ca para,
07:18
and, as a punishment, my family was going
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dhe për dënim familja ime do
07:21
to be forcibly removed
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transferohej me dhunë
07:23
to a desolate location in the countryside.
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në një fshat i humbur.
07:27
They had to get out quickly,
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Ata duhet të largoheshin se shpejti,
07:29
so I started planning how to help them escape.
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dhe fillova të mendoja si t'i ndihmoja te arratiseshin.
07:33
North Koreans have to travel incredible distances
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Koreanët e veriut duhet të udhetojnë shumë gjatë
07:36
on the path to freedom.
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për rrugën e lirisë.
07:39
It's almost impossible to cross the border
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Eshtë gati e pamundur të kalosh kufirin
07:42
between North Korea and South Korea,
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midis Kores se Veriu dhe të Jugut,
07:45
so, ironically, I took a flight back to China
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keshtu, bleva një biletë për Kinë
07:48
and I headed toward the North Korean border.
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dhe u drejtova ne kufirin me Korean e Veriut.
07:52
Since my family couldn't speak Chinese,
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Meqe familja ime nuk fliste gjuhen kineze,
07:55
I had to guide them,
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duhesh që t'i drejtoja ata,
07:57
somehow, through more than 2,000 miles in China
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ne njefare menyre, pergjate më shumë se 2000 milje në Kinë
08:01
and then into Southeast Asia.
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dhe pas në Azinë Juglindore.
08:04
The journey by bus took one week,
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Udhetimi me autobus zgjati 1 javë,
08:06
and we were almost caught several times.
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dhe shumë herë rrezikuam të na kapin.
08:09
One time, our bus was stopped
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Një herë autobusi jonë u ndalua
08:12
and boarded by a Chinese police officer.
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dhe hipi një oficer kinez.
08:17
He took everyone's I.D. cards,
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Ai kontrolloi çdo karte identiteti,
08:19
and he started asking them questions.
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dhe filloi të bënte pyetje.
08:21
Since my family couldn't understand Chinese,
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Familja ime nuk fliste gjuhen kinezë
08:25
I thought my family was going to be arrested.
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dhe mendova se do arrestoheshin.
08:29
As the Chinese officer approached my family,
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Sapo oficeri u afrua familjes sime
08:32
I impulsively stood up, and I told him
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menjëhrë u ngrita në këmb dhe u thashe
08:34
that these are deaf and dumb people
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qe ky eshtë një grup njerëzish shurdh-memecë
08:37
that I was chaperoning.
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qe po i shoqeroja.
08:39
He looked at me suspiciously,
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Ai me shikoi me dyshim,
08:42
but luckily he believed me.
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por për fat më besoi.
08:45
We made it all the way to the border of Laos,
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Ne bëmë gjithe rrugën deri në kufi më Laos,
08:49
but I had to spend almost all my money
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por harxhova gati të gjitha parat e mia
08:53
to bribe the border guards in Laos.
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për të korruptuar rojet në Laos.
08:56
But even after we got past the border,
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Por edhe pasi kaluam kufirin,
08:59
my family was arrested and jailed
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familja ime u arrestua dhe u fut në burg
09:02
for illegal border crossing.
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për kalim kufiri të paligjshëm.
09:04
After I paid the fine and bribe,
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Pasi pagova gjobën dhe parat për korruptimin
09:06
my family was released in one month,
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familja ime u leshua pas një muaji,
09:10
but soon after, my family was arrested and jailed again
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por pas pak kohesh u arrestua dhe burgos perseri
09:14
in the capital of Laos.
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në kryeqytetin e Laos.
09:16
This was one of the lowest points in my life.
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Kjo ishte një nga pikat më të ulëta në jetën time.
09:21
I did everything to get my family to freedom,
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Bëra gjithçka për të liruar familjen,
09:26
and we came so close,
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dhe ishim aq afër asaj pike,
09:29
but my family was thrown in jail
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por familja ime u hedh prap në burg
09:31
just a short distance from the South Korean embassy.
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3544
shume afer ambasadës se Korese se Jugut..
09:34
I went back and forth between the immigration office
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Shkova posht e lart nga zyra e emigracionit
09:37
and the police station,
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në komisariatin e policisë
09:39
desperately trying to get my family out,
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duke u munduar më deshperim për të liruar familjen time
09:42
but I didn't have enough money
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por nuk kisha para të mjaftushme
09:44
to pay a bribe or fine anymore.
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për të paguar gjoba ose korruptim.
09:46
I lost all hope.
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Humba çdo shpres
09:48
At that moment, I heard one man's voice ask me,
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3701
Në ate moment, degjova zërin i një burri që më pyeti,
09:52
"What's wrong?"
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1491
"çfare ka ndodhur?"
09:53
I was so surprised
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1597
U çudita
09:55
that a total stranger cared enough to ask.
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3933
që një i huaj u kujdes dhe më pyeti.
09:59
In my broken English, and with a dictionary,
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2554
Me anglishten e pakët, dhe me një fjalor
10:01
I explained the situation, and without hesitating,
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3954
i shpjegova situatën, dhe pa hezitim
10:05
the man went to the ATM
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589885
2053
zoteria shkoi në ATM
10:07
and he paid the rest of the money for my family
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dhe pagoi kusurin e parave për familjen time
10:10
and two other North Koreans to get out of jail.
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4064
dhe 2 koreano veriore te tjere për ti liruar nga burgu.
10:14
I thanked him with all my heart, and I asked him,
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3404
E falenderova me gjithe zemër, dhe e pyeta,
10:18
"Why are you helping me?"
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2374
"Përse po më ndihmon?"
10:20
"I'm not helping you," he said.
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"Nuk po të ndihmoj ty" më tha.
10:22
"I'm helping the North Korean people."
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"Po ndihmoj njerëzit nga Korea e Veriut".
10:26
I realized that this was a symbolic moment in my life.
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4498
Ky ishte moment simbolik për jetën time.
10:30
The kind stranger symbolized new hope for me
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3589
I panjohuri ndezi shpresa të reja brenda meje
10:34
and the North Korean people when we needed it most,
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3398
dhe njerëzve të Koreas se Veriut atëherë kur i duhej më shume
10:37
and he showed me the kindness of strangers
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3251
më tregoi qe xhentilesa e të panjohurve
10:40
and the support of the international community
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dhe ndihma e komunitetit nderkombetar
10:43
are truly the rays of hope we North Korean people need.
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jane vertet rrezet qe në koreaneve veriore na nevojiten.
10:48
Eventually, after our long journey,
199
632888
2486
Në fund, pas udhetimit te gjatë,
10:51
my family and I were reunited in South Korea,
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3397
unë dhe familja ime u bashkuam në Koren e jugut
10:54
but getting to freedom is only half the battle.
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3454
por liria ështe gjysma e luftës.
10:58
Many North Koreans are separated from their families,
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3623
Shumë koreano veriore jane ndare nga familja,
11:01
and when they arrive in a new country,
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2813
dhe kur arrinë në një shtet të ri
11:04
they start with little or no money.
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3644
fillojne me pak ose pa para.
11:08
So we can benefit from the international community
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3026
Kështu qe mund të perfitojme nga komuniteti nderkombtar
11:11
for education, English language training,
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3005
për arsim, kurse te gjuhes angleze,
11:14
job training, and more.
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2363
kurse pune dhe te tjera.
11:16
We can also act as a bridge
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Mundemi edhe të jemi lidhje
11:18
between the people inside North Korea
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për njerëzit në Korean e Veriut
11:20
and the outside world,
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1980
dhe botës se jashtme.
11:22
because many of us stay in contact
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2724
sepse disa nga ne jane në lidhje me
11:25
with family members still inside,
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2769
pjestarë të familjes akoma brenda në vend,
11:28
and we send information and money
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2182
në dergojme para dhe informacione
11:30
that is helping to change North Korea from inside.
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4568
qe ndihmone të ndryshojme Koren e Veriut nga brenda.
11:35
I've been so lucky, received so much help
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3037
Kam qenë me fat qe m'u dha kaq shumë ndihmë
11:38
and inspiration in my life,
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2205
dhe frymezim në jetë,
11:40
so I want to help give aspiring North Koreans
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3344
kështu qe dua të ndihmoj t'u jap koreaneve veriore
11:43
a chance to prosper
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një mundesi për t'u rritur
11:46
with international support.
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3038
me suportin nderkombëtar.
11:49
I'm confident that you will see more and more
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Jam e sigurt qe ju do shikoni shumë e shumë
11:51
North Koreans succeeding all over the world,
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koreano veriore te suksesshem ne gjithe boten,
11:54
including the TED stage.
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edhe në skenën e TED.
11:57
Thank you.
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Ju faleminderit.
11:59
(Applause)
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(Duartrokitje)
Translated by Shqiponja Hoxha
Reviewed by Helena Bedalli

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Hyeonseo Lee - Activist
As a child growing up in North Korea, Hyeonseo Lee thoght her country was the "best on the planet." It wasn't until the famine of the 90s that she began to wonder. She escaped the country at 17-years-old to begin a life in hiding as a refugee in China. Hers is a harrowing, personal tale of survival and hope -- and a powerful reminder of those who face constant danger, even when the border is far behind.

Why you should listen

 

Hyeonseo Lee grew up in North Korea but escaped to China in 1997. In 2008, when she was 28-years-old, she came to Seoul, South Korea, where she struggled to adjust to life in the bustling city. North Korean defectors often have a hard time in South Korea, she noted in the Wall Street Journal: "We defectors have to start from scratch. Prejudice against North Koreans and icy stares were other obstacles that were hard to cope with."
 
Now a student at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, she has become an advocate for fellow refugees, even helping close relatives leave North Korea after they were targeted. Her dream? As she told the Korea Times, she'd like to work at the UN or an NGO that advocates for the human rights of North Koreans, including their right to be treated as political refugees.

She has a new book called The Girl with Seven Names.

More profile about the speaker
Hyeonseo Lee | Speaker | TED.com