ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adora Svitak - Child prodigy
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy.

Why you should listen

A voracious reader from age three, Adora Svitak's first serious foray into writing -- at age five -- was limited only by her handwriting and spelling. (Her astonishing verbal abilities already matched that of young adults over twice her age.) As her official bio says, her breakthrough would soon come "in the form of a used Dell laptop her mother bought her." At age seven, she typed out over 250,000 words -- poetry, short stories, observations about the world -- in a single year.

Svitak has since fashioned her beyond-her-years wordsmithing into an inspiring campaign for literacy -- speaking across the country to both adults and kids. She is author of Flying Fingers, a book on learning.

More profile about the speaker
Adora Svitak | Speaker | TED.com
TED2010

Adora Svitak: What adults can learn from kids

鄒奇奇 : 大人能向小孩學到什麼

Filmed:
6,022,458 views

神童鄒奇奇認為這個世界需要「幼稚」的思維,亦即小孩那些大膽的點子、奔放的創意,特別是他們樂觀的態度。她說,小孩的偉大夢想值得我們高度期望,首要之務,便是大人除了願意教導小孩,還得放下身段從小孩身上學習。
- Child prodigy
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
Now, I want to start開始 with a question:
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我想要用一個問題來開場:
00:17
When was the last time you were called childish幼稚?
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你上次被人家說「幼稚」是什麼時候?
00:20
For kids孩子 like me,
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我們小孩
00:22
being存在 called childish幼稚 can be a frequent頻繁 occurrence發生.
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常被別人說「幼稚」
00:25
Every一切 time we make irrational不合理的 demands需要,
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我們只要有不合理的要求
00:28
exhibit展示 irresponsible不負責任 behavior行為
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做事不負責任
00:30
or display顯示 any other signs跡象
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或不過做些
00:32
of being存在 normal正常 American美國 citizens公民,
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一般美國人都會做的事
00:34
we are called childish幼稚.
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我們就被別人說「幼稚」
00:36
Which哪一個 really bothers什麼麻煩事 me.
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我真的不喜歡這樣
00:38
After all, take a look at these events事件:
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畢竟看看以下這些例子
00:40
Imperialism帝國主義 and colonization定植,
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帝國主義、殖民統治
00:43
world世界 wars戰爭, George喬治 W. Bush襯套.
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兩次世界大戰、小布希
00:46
Ask yourself你自己, who's誰是 responsible主管? Adults成人.
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大家捫心自問,這些該怪誰?大人!
00:49
Now, what have kids孩子 doneDONE?
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現在來看看孩子做了些什麼
00:52
Well, Anne安妮 Frank坦率 touched感動 millions百萬
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女孩安妮寫下憾動人心的日記
00:54
with her powerful強大 account帳戶 of the Holocaust大屠殺,
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呈現猶太人遭屠殺的歷史
00:57
Ruby紅寶石 Bridges橋樑 helped幫助 to end結束 segregation隔離 in the United聯合的 States狀態,
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黑人小女孩露比促進美國族群融合
01:00
and, most recently最近,
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還有最近
01:02
Charlie查理 Simpson辛普森 helped幫助 to raise提高
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英國小男孩查理幫海地募到
01:04
120,000 pounds英鎊 for Haiti海地
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十二萬英鎊
01:06
on his little bike自行車.
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他只靠騎著小腳踏車就辦到了
01:08
So, as you can see evidenced證明 by such這樣 examples例子,
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所以, 從這些例子可以看出
01:11
age年齡 has absolutely絕對 nothing to do with it.
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年紀小根本不成問題
01:14
The traits性狀 the word childish幼稚 addresses地址
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所謂的「幼稚」
01:16
are seen看到 so often經常 in adults成年人
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太常在大人身上看到了
01:18
that we should abolish廢除 this age-discriminatory年齡歧視 word
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所以我們不該再用這個歧視年齡的字眼
01:20
when it comes to criticizing批評 behavior行為
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不應該用它來批評那些
01:22
associated相關 with irresponsibility不負責任 and irrational不合理的 thinking思維.
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不負責任和非理性思考的行為
01:25
(Applause掌聲)
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(觀眾鼓掌)
01:31
Thank you.
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謝謝
01:33
Then again, who's誰是 to say
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還有
01:35
that certain某些 types類型 of irrational不合理的 thinking思維
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誰說非理性思考
01:37
aren't exactly究竟 what the world世界 needs需求?
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一定不會為世界所需呢?
01:40
Maybe you've had grand盛大 plans計劃 before
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也許你們也曾有過遠大的夢想
01:42
but stopped停止 yourself你自己, thinking思維,
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卻裹足不前
01:44
"That's impossible不可能," or, "That costs成本 too much,"
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心想「不可能啦」或是「要花很多錢」
01:46
or, "That won't慣於 benefit效益 me."
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或是「這對我沒好處」
01:48
For better or worse更差, we kids孩子 aren't hampered阻礙 as much
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無論如何,我們小孩比較不會被綁住
01:51
when it comes to thinking思維 about reasons原因 why not to do things.
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比較不會找藉口逃避
01:54
Kids童裝 can be full充分 of inspiring鼓舞人心 aspirations願望
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小孩有各式各樣的志向
01:56
and hopeful有希望 thinking思維.
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和樂觀的想法
01:58
Like my wish希望 that no one went hungry飢餓
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比方說我希望世上沒有人挨餓
02:00
or that everything were a free自由 kind of utopia烏托邦.
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所有東西都免費,像烏托邦一樣
02:03
How many許多 of you still dream夢想 like that
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你們有誰還抱有這樣的夢想?
02:05
and believe in the possibilities可能性?
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有誰認為這可能成真?
02:08
Sometimes有時 a knowledge知識 of history歷史
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有時候對歷史太了解
02:10
and the past過去 failures故障 of utopian烏托邦 ideals理想
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加上有美好理想落空的經驗
02:12
can be a burden負擔
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反而會被束縛住
02:14
because you know that if everything were free自由,
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因為你們知道如果一切都免費
02:16
then the food餐飲 stocks個股 would become成為 depleted耗盡
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那食物存量將會短缺
02:18
and scarce稀缺 and lead to chaos混沌.
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然後耗竭,最後造成社會失序
02:20
On the other hand,
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但另一方面
02:22
we kids孩子 still dream夢想 about perfection完美.
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我們小孩還是夢想世上有「完美」存在
02:24
And that's a good thing because in order訂購
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這樣很好
02:26
to make anything a reality現實,
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因為想要讓一件事成真
02:28
you have to dream夢想 about it first.
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得要先有夢想的藍圖。
02:30
In many許多 ways方法, our audacity大膽 to imagine想像
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許多方面來說,小孩因為敢大膽想像
02:33
helps幫助 push the boundaries邊界 of possibility可能性.
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許多事從不可能變成可能
02:36
For instance, the Museum博物館 of Glass玻璃 in Tacoma塔科馬, Washington華盛頓,
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例如,華盛頓州塔柯馬的玻璃博物館
02:39
my home state -- yoohooyoohoo Washington華盛頓!
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我的家鄉-- 耶--華盛頓州!
02:41
(Applause掌聲) --
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(觀眾鼓掌)
02:44
has a program程序 called Kids童裝 Design設計 Glass玻璃,
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有一門課程叫做「孩童玻璃設計」
02:46
and kids孩子 draw their own擁有 ideas思路 for glass玻璃 art藝術.
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小孩用自己的想法來做玻璃藝術
02:48
Now, the resident居民 artist藝術家 said they got
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駐館的藝術家就說
02:50
some of their best最好 ideas思路 through通過 the program程序
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他們許多很棒的點子都來自這門課
02:52
because kids孩子 don't think about the limitations限制
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因為孩子們不會為自己設限
02:54
of how hard it can be to blow打擊 glass玻璃 into certain某些 shapes形狀;
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不會去想吹玻璃塑型有多難
02:56
they just think of good ideas思路.
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他們只會去想些好點子
02:58
Now, when you think of glass玻璃, you might威力
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想到玻璃
03:00
think of colorful華美 Chihuly胡利 designs設計
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你們可能想到藝術家奇葫里多彩的設計
03:03
or maybe Italian意大利 vases花瓶,
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或是義大利式花瓶
03:05
but kids孩子 challenge挑戰 glass玻璃 artists藝術家 to go beyond that
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但小孩向玻璃藝術師下戰帖
03:08
into the realm領域 of broken-hearted心碎了 snakes
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做出了超乎想像的「心碎之蛇」
03:10
and bacon培根 boys男孩, who you can see has meat vision視力.
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還有「培根男孩」,注意他有「肉視」的能力喔!
03:13
(Laughter笑聲)
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(觀眾笑聲)
03:15
Now, our inherent固有 wisdom智慧
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其實,所謂的智慧
03:17
doesn't have to be insider's內線的 knowledge知識.
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不一定是指學者專家的知識
03:20
Kids童裝 already已經 do a lot of learning學習 from adults成年人,
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小孩已經從大人身上學到很多了
03:23
and we have a lot to share分享.
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我們也有很多東西想跟大人分享
03:25
I think that adults成年人 should start開始 learning學習 from kids孩子.
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我想大人應該要開始跟小孩學習
03:29
Now, I do most of my speaking請講 in front面前 of an education教育 crowd人群,
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我現在常在教育界人士面前演講
03:32
teachers教師 and students學生們, and I like this analogy比喻:
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有老師有學生,我很喜歡以下這個說法:
03:34
It shouldn't不能 just be a teacher老師 at the head of the classroom課堂
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不該只有老師站在教室前面
03:36
telling告訴 students學生們, "Do this, do that."
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告訴學生做這做那
03:38
The students學生們 should teach their teachers教師.
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學生也應該來教老師
03:41
Learning學習 between之間 grown長大的 upsUPS and kids孩子
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大人和小孩之間
03:43
should be reciprocal倒數.
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應該彼此學習
03:45
The reality現實, unfortunately不幸, is a little different不同,
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但現實卻和理想有些差距
03:48
and it has a lot to do with trust相信, or a lack缺乏 of it.
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這和信不信任對方有關,或可說彼此缺乏信任。
03:51
Now, if you don't trust相信 someone有人, you place地點 restrictions限制 on them, right?
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如果不信任某人,就會對那個人多加限制,對吧?
03:54
If I doubt懷疑 my older舊的 sister's姐妹 ability能力
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如果我覺得我姐姐還不了
03:56
to pay工資 back the 10 percent百分 interest利益
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向我借來的錢那10%利息
03:58
I established既定 on her last loan貸款,
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這個我訂下的利率
04:00
I'm going to withhold扣壓 her ability能力 to get more money from me
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我就不會再借錢給她
04:03
until直到 she pays支付 it back. (Laughter笑聲)
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除非她把錢還我(觀眾笑聲)
04:05
True真正 story故事, by the way.
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對了, 這件事完全屬實。
04:07
Now, adults成年人 seem似乎 to have
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大人好像
04:10
a prevalently普遍地 restrictive限制 attitude態度 towards kids孩子
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都喜歡管小孩
04:13
from every一切 "don't do that,
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只要是任何違反校規的事
04:15
don't do this" in the school學校 handbook手冊
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都不能做
04:17
to restrictions限制 on school學校 Internet互聯網 use.
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連學校上網也有限制
04:20
As history歷史 points out, regimes制度 become成為 oppressive壓抑
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自古以來,許多政權之所以高壓統治
04:23
when they're fearful可怕 about keeping保持 control控制.
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是因為怕管不住人民
04:25
And although雖然 adults成年人 may可能 not be quite相當 at the level水平
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雖然大人還說不上是
04:27
of totalitarian極權主義 regimes制度,
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完全的「極權」
04:29
kids孩子 have no, or very little say in making製造 the rules規則,
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但是小孩對規定也幾乎無權過問
04:32
when really the attitude態度 should be reciprocal倒數,
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儘管態度應該是互相的
04:34
meaning含義 that the adult成人 population人口 should learn學習
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也就是說大人應該要學著
04:36
and take into account帳戶 the wishes祝福
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把小孩的願望
04:38
of the younger更年輕 population人口.
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也納入考量
04:40
Now, what's even worse更差 than restriction限制
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有一件比管教更嚴重的事
04:42
is that adults成年人 often經常 underestimate低估 kids孩子 abilities能力.
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就是大人常常低估小孩的能力
04:45
We love challenges挑戰, but when expectations期望 are low,
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我們喜歡挑戰,但大人如果期望不高
04:48
trust相信 me, we will sink水槽 to them.
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我保證,我們小孩就會爛給你看
04:51
My own擁有 parents父母 had anything but low expectations期望
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我的爸媽從不會看輕
04:54
for me and my sister妹妹.
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我和我姊
04:56
Okay, so they didn't tell us to become成為 doctors醫生
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他們沒有叫我們以後要當醫生
04:59
or lawyers律師 or anything like that,
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或是律師之類的
05:01
but my dad did read to us
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但我爸以前會讀故事給我們聽
05:03
about Aristotle亞里士多德
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像是亞里斯多德的故事
05:05
and pioneer先鋒 germ病菌 fighters戰士
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和「抗菌先鋒」的故事。
05:07
when lots of other kids孩子 were hearing聽力
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相較之下,同齡小孩那時多半在聽
05:09
"The Wheels車輪 on the Bus總線 Go Round回合 and Round回合."
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「哥哥爸爸真偉大」之類的
05:11
Well, we heard聽說 that one too, but "Pioneer先鋒 Germ病菌 Fighters戰士" totally完全 rules規則.
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其實我們也聽兒歌,但「抗菌先鋒」比較讚
05:14
(Laughter笑聲)
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(觀眾笑聲)
05:16
I loved喜愛 to write from the age年齡 of four,
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打從四歲起,我就喜歡寫東西
05:18
and when I was six
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我六歲時
05:20
my mom媽媽 bought me my own擁有 laptop筆記本電腦 equipped裝備 with Microsoft微軟 Word.
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媽媽就買了裝有微軟Word作業系統的筆電給我
05:23
Thank you Bill法案 Gates蓋茨 and thank you Ma.
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要謝謝比爾蓋茲,也要謝謝老媽!
05:25
I wrote over 300 short stories故事
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我寫的三百多則短篇故事
05:27
on that little laptop筆記本電腦,
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都是用那台筆電完成
05:29
and I wanted to get published發表.
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我後來想出書
05:32
Instead代替 of just scoffing嘲笑 at this heresy異端
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我爸媽不但沒笑我
05:34
that a kid孩子 wanted to get published發表
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說小孩子還想出書這類的話
05:36
or saying wait until直到 you're older舊的,
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也沒要我長大再說
05:38
my parents父母 were really supportive支持.
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反而很支持我
05:40
Many許多 publishers出版商 were not quite相當 so encouraging鼓舞人心的,
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但找了很多出版社都碰壁
05:44
one large children's兒童 publisher出版者 ironically諷刺地 saying
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一家規模很大的童書出版社竟然說
05:47
that they didn't work with children孩子 --
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他們不跟小孩合作
05:49
children's兒童 publisher出版者 not working加工 with children孩子?
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童書出版社不跟孩童合作?
05:52
I don't know, you're kind of alienating異化 a large client客戶 there.
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不知道耶,但不就失去我這棵搖錢樹了。
05:55
(Laughter笑聲)
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(觀眾笑聲)
05:57
Now, one publisher出版者, Action行動 Publishing出版,
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有一家出版社叫「行動出版社」
06:00
was willing願意 to take that leap飛躍 and trust相信 me
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決定放手一搏,相信我
06:03
and to listen to what I had to say.
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願意聽我的想法
06:05
They published發表 my first book, "Flying飛行 Fingers手指," -- you see it here --
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他們出版了我第一本書《飛舞的手指》,就是這本
06:08
and from there on, it's gone走了 to speaking請講 at hundreds數以百計 of schools學校,
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從那時起,我就受邀到上百所學校演講
06:12
keynoting註釋記號 to thousands數千 of educators教育工作者
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在數千個教育工作者發表演說
06:14
and finally最後, today今天, speaking請講 to you.
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也才會有今天的演講
06:16
I appreciate欣賞 your attention注意 today今天,
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很感謝你們今天的聆聽
06:18
because to show顯示 that you truly care關心,
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因為真正在乎的人
06:20
you listen.
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才懂得傾聽
06:22
But there's a problem問題 with this rosy紅潤 picture圖片
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不過問題是
06:25
of kids孩子 being存在 so much better than adults成年人.
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小孩雖然好像比大人優秀
06:28
Kids童裝 grow增長 up and become成為 adults成年人 just like you.
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但小孩還是會長大,不就成為像你們一樣的大人了
06:31
(Laughter笑聲)
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(觀眾笑聲)
06:33
Or just like you? Really?
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但真的是這樣嗎?
06:35
The goal目標 is not to turn kids孩子 into your kind of adult成人,
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真正的目標不是要讓小孩成為你們♫
06:38
but rather better adults成年人 than you have been,
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而是要超越你們
06:41
which哪一個 may可能 be a little challenging具有挑戰性的
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雖然可能有點困難
06:43
considering考慮 your guys'傢伙' credentials證書 (Laughter笑聲).
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畢竟你們學經歷都滿了不起的
06:45
But the way progress進展 happens發生
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不過世界之所以會進步
06:47
is because new generations and new eras時代
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就是因為新的世代、新的時代
06:50
grow增長 and develop發展 and become成為 better than the previous以前 ones那些.
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不斷成長發展,進而比上個世代更好
06:53
It's the reason原因 we're not in the Dark黑暗 Ages時代 anymore.
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這也是為什麼我們能脫離黑暗時代
06:56
No matter your position位置 or place地點 in life,
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不論你們現在的地位為何
06:59
it is imperative勢在必行 to create創建 opportunities機會 for children孩子
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一定要幫孩子們創造機會
07:02
so that we can grow增長 up to blow打擊 you away.
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好讓我們長大後能打敗你們
07:05
(Laughter笑聲)
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(觀眾笑聲)
07:08
Adults成人 and fellow同伴 TEDstersTEDsters,
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所有大人和TED的成員
07:10
you need to listen and learn學習 from kids孩子
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請傾聽小孩的聲音並向小孩學習
07:12
and trust相信 us and expect期望 more from us.
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並且相信我們,對我們期望高一點
07:16
You must必須 lend an ear today今天,
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你們現在得耐心傾聽
07:18
because we are the leaders領導者 of tomorrow明天,
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因為未來是我們小孩作主
07:20
which哪一個 means手段 we're going to be taking服用 care關心 of you
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也就是說以後是我們要照顧你們
07:22
when you're old and senile衰老. No, just kidding開玩笑.
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不然你們老了怎麼辦,好啦開玩笑的
07:25
No, really, we are going to be the next下一個 generation,
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不過,我們這個世代
07:28
the ones那些 who will bring帶來 this world世界 forward前鋒.
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將會帶領這個世界前進
07:31
And in case案件 you don't think that this really has meaning含義 for you,
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如果還認為這不重要
07:34
remember記得 that cloning克隆 is possible可能,
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記得有所謂複製人的技術
07:36
and that involves涉及 going through通過 childhood童年 again,
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你們有機會重回童年
07:38
in which哪一個 case案件 you'll你會 want to be heard聽說
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到時你們也會希望自己的聲音不被忽視
07:40
just like my generation.
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就像我們一樣
07:42
Now, the world世界 needs需求 opportunities機會
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現今世界各國都需要把機會
07:45
for new leaders領導者 and new ideas思路.
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交給未來主人翁,讓他們展現新穎的想法
07:48
Kids童裝 need opportunities機會 to lead and succeed成功.
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小孩需要這些機會學習領導和體驗成功的滋味
07:51
Are you ready準備 to make the match比賽?
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你們準備好把機會交給我們了嗎?
07:53
Because the world's世界 problems問題
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因為當今世界上各種問題
07:55
shouldn't不能 be the human人的 family's家庭的 heirloom傳家寶.
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應該不會是人類想留給子孫的遺產才對
07:58
Thank you.
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謝謝
08:00
(Applause掌聲)
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(觀眾鼓掌)
08:03
Thank you. Thank you.
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謝謝大家
Translated by Kate Hsu
Reviewed by Bu-sheng Lin

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adora Svitak - Child prodigy
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy.

Why you should listen

A voracious reader from age three, Adora Svitak's first serious foray into writing -- at age five -- was limited only by her handwriting and spelling. (Her astonishing verbal abilities already matched that of young adults over twice her age.) As her official bio says, her breakthrough would soon come "in the form of a used Dell laptop her mother bought her." At age seven, she typed out over 250,000 words -- poetry, short stories, observations about the world -- in a single year.

Svitak has since fashioned her beyond-her-years wordsmithing into an inspiring campaign for literacy -- speaking across the country to both adults and kids. She is author of Flying Fingers, a book on learning.

More profile about the speaker
Adora Svitak | Speaker | TED.com