TED2010
Adora Svitak: What adults can learn from kids
Adora Svitak: Što odrasli mogu naučiti od djece
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Čudo od djeteta, Adora Svitak tvrdi kako svijet treba "djetinjasti" način razmišljanja: smjele ideje, divlju kreativnost i naročito, optimizam. Veliki dječji snovi zaslužuju visoka očekivanja, tvrdi ona, i započinju spremnošću odraslih da uče od djece isto onoliko koliko ih poučavaju.
Adora Svitak - Child prodigy
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy. Full bio
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now, I want to start with a question:
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Započeti ću s pitanjem:
00:17
When was the last time you were called childish?
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Kada su Vas zadnji puta nazvali djetinjastim?
00:20
For kids like me,
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Djecu poput mene,
00:22
being called childish can be a frequent occurrence.
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često nazivaju djetinjastima.
00:25
Every time we make irrational demands,
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Svaki puta kada tražimo nešto neracionalno,
00:28
exhibit irresponsible behavior
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kada se ponašamo neodgovorno,
00:30
or display any other signs
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ili kada pokazujemo bilo kakav drugi znak
00:32
of being normal American citizens,
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poput drugih normalnih Amerikanaca
00:34
we are called childish.
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zovu nas djetinjastima
00:36
Which really bothers me.
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što me stvarno smeta.
00:38
After all, take a look at these events:
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Uostalom, pogledajte sljedeće događaje:
00:40
Imperialism and colonization,
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Imperijalizam i kolonizaciju,
00:43
world wars, George W. Bush.
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svjetske ratove, George W. Busha.
00:46
Ask yourself, who's responsible? Adults.
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Zapitajte se: Tko je odgovoran? Odrasli.
00:49
Now, what have kids done?
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A što su djeca napravila?
00:52
Well, Anne Frank touched millions
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Anne Frank je ganula milijune
00:54
with her powerful account of the Holocaust,
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svojom tužnom pričom o Holokaustu,
00:57
Ruby Bridges helped to end segregation in the United States,
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Ruby Bridges je pomogla da se okonča segragacija u SAD-u,
01:00
and, most recently,
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i, najnovije,
01:02
Charlie Simpson helped to raise
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Charlie Simpson je pomogao sakupiti
01:04
120,000 pounds for Haiti
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120,000 funti (1 milijun kn) za Haiti
01:06
on his little bike.
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na svom malom biciklu.
01:08
So, as you can see evidenced by such examples,
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Dakle, kao što možete vidjeti iz ovih primjera,
01:11
age has absolutely nothing to do with it.
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godine nemaju nikakve veze s time.
01:14
The traits the word childish addresses
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Osobine koje su povezane s djetinjastošću
01:16
are seen so often in adults
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se toliko često viđaju kod odraslih
01:18
that we should abolish this age-discriminatory word
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da bismo trebali odbaciti tu dobno diskriminirajuću riječ
01:20
when it comes to criticizing behavior
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kada je riječ o kritici ponašanja
01:22
associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.
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koje je povezano s neodgovornim i iracionalim razmišljanjem.
01:25
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
01:31
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
01:33
Then again, who's to say
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Ipak, tko kaže
01:35
that certain types of irrational thinking
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da neki oblici iracionalnog razmišljanja
01:37
aren't exactly what the world needs?
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nisu točno ono što je potrebno svijetu?
01:40
Maybe you've had grand plans before
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Možda ste i Vi ranije imali velike planove
01:42
but stopped yourself, thinking,
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ali ste se zaustavili, razmišljajući:
01:44
"That's impossible," or, "That costs too much,"
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"To je nemoguće ili to košta previše
01:46
or, "That won't benefit me."
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ili to mi neće koristiti."
01:48
For better or worse, we kids aren't hampered as much
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Bilo bolje ili gore, mi djeca se ne zaustavljamo tek tako
01:51
when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things.
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kada treba razmišljati o razlozima zašto nešto ne učiniti.
01:54
Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations
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Djeca mogu biti puna nadahnjujućih želja
01:56
and hopeful thinking.
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i razmišljati puna nade,
01:58
Like my wish that no one went hungry
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kao što i ja sada imam želju da nitko ne bude gladan
02:00
or that everything were a free kind of utopia.
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ili da je sve slobodno/besplatno poput neke utopije.
02:03
How many of you still dream like that
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Koliko vas još uvijek tako sanja
02:05
and believe in the possibilities?
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ili vjeruje kako je to moguće?
02:08
Sometimes a knowledge of history
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Ponekad poznavanje povijesti
02:10
and the past failures of utopian ideals
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ili prošlih neuspjeha utopističkih ideala
02:12
can be a burden
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mogu biti teret
02:14
because you know that if everything were free,
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jer znate da, kada bi sve bilo besplatno,
02:16
then the food stocks would become depleted
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onda bi skladišta hrane bila iscpljena,
02:18
and scarce and lead to chaos.
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i oskudna i to bi vodilo kaosu.
02:20
On the other hand,
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S druge strane,
02:22
we kids still dream about perfection.
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mi djeca i dalje sanjamo o savršenstvu.
02:24
And that's a good thing because in order
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I to je dobra stvar, jer ako želite
02:26
to make anything a reality,
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bilo što ostvariti,
02:28
you have to dream about it first.
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prvo morate o tome sanjati.
02:30
In many ways, our audacity to imagine
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Na mnogo načina, naša smjelost da maštamo
02:33
helps push the boundaries of possibility.
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pomaže nam da pomaknemo granice mogućega.
02:36
For instance, the Museum of Glass in Tacoma, Washington,
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Na primjer, Muzej stakla u Tacomi, Washington,
02:39
my home state -- yoohoo Washington!
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mojoj državi -- juuuhuuuu Washington --
02:41
(Applause) --
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(Pljesak)
02:44
has a program called Kids Design Glass,
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ima program koji se naziva "Djeca dizajniraju staklom"
02:46
and kids draw their own ideas for glass art.
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u kojem djeca crtaju vlastite ideje za umjetnost u staklu.
02:48
Now, the resident artist said they got
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Lokalni umjetnici kažu kako su
02:50
some of their best ideas through the program
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neke od svojih najboljih ideja pokupili iz tog programa
02:52
because kids don't think about the limitations
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jer djeca ne razmišljaju o ograničenjima, o tome
02:54
of how hard it can be to blow glass into certain shapes;
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koliko je teško napuhati staklo u određenoj formi.
02:56
they just think of good ideas.
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Ona samo vide dobru ideju.
02:58
Now, when you think of glass, you might
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Kada vi razmišljate o staklu, možda
03:00
think of colorful Chihuly designs
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razmišljate o slikovitom Chihuly dizajnu
03:03
or maybe Italian vases,
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ili možda o talijanskim vazama
03:05
but kids challenge glass artists to go beyond that
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ali djeca izazivaju umjetnike stakla da odu dalje od toga
03:08
into the realm of broken-hearted snakes
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u kraljevstvo zmija slomljenih srca
03:10
and bacon boys, who you can see has meat vision.
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i slaninastih dječaka, koji su kao što možete vidjeti mesna vizija.
03:13
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:15
Now, our inherent wisdom
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Naša prirođena mudrost
03:17
doesn't have to be insider's knowledge.
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ne treba biti povezana s unutrašnjim znanjem.
03:20
Kids already do a lot of learning from adults,
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Djeca ionako uče jako puno od odraslih,
03:23
and we have a lot to share.
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i imamo jako puno za podijeliti.
03:25
I think that adults should start learning from kids.
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Mislim da bi odrasli trebali započeti s učenjem od djece.
03:29
Now, I do most of my speaking in front of an education crowd,
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Ja većinu svojih govora držim pred ljudima iz obrazovnog sustava,
03:32
teachers and students, and I like this analogy:
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učiteljima i studentima, i sviđa mi se ta analogija.
03:34
It shouldn't just be a teacher at the head of the classroom
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Ne bi samo učitelj trebao biti vođa u učionici
03:36
telling students, "Do this, do that."
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koji govori studentima: napravi ono, napravi ovo.
03:38
The students should teach their teachers.
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Studenti bi trebali poučavati svoje učitelje.
03:41
Learning between grown ups and kids
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Učenje između odraslih i djece
03:43
should be reciprocal.
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bi trebalo biti obostrano.
03:45
The reality, unfortunately, is a little different,
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Stvarnost je, nažalost, malo drugačija,
03:48
and it has a lot to do with trust, or a lack of it.
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i povezana je s povjerenjem, odnosno njegovim nedostatkom.
03:51
Now, if you don't trust someone, you place restrictions on them, right?
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Ako ne vjerujete nekome, onda ćete tu osobu ograničiti.
03:54
If I doubt my older sister's ability
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Ako sumnjam u sposobnost svoje starije sestre
03:56
to pay back the 10 percent interest
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da će mi vratiti 10% kamata
03:58
I established on her last loan,
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koliko smo dogovorile za njezinu zadnju posudbu,
04:00
I'm going to withhold her ability to get more money from me
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onemogućit ću njenu sposobnost da dobije još novaca od mene
04:03
until she pays it back. (Laughter)
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dok mi ne vrati posuđeno. (Smijeh)
04:05
True story, by the way.
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Usput, to je istinita priča.
04:07
Now, adults seem to have
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Čini se kako odrasli imaju
04:10
a prevalently restrictive attitude towards kids
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pretežno restriktivan stav prema djeci
04:13
from every "don't do that,
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od svakog "nemoj ovo raditi",
04:15
don't do this" in the school handbook
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"nemoj ono raditi" u školskoj bilježnici,
04:17
to restrictions on school Internet use.
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do ograničenja prilikom upotrebe školskog Interneta.
04:20
As history points out, regimes become oppressive
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Povijest nas uči da režimi postaju opresivni
04:23
when they're fearful about keeping control.
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kada se boje kako zadržati kontrolu.
04:25
And although adults may not be quite at the level
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I premda odrasli možda nisu na razini
04:27
of totalitarian regimes,
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totalitarnih režima
04:29
kids have no, or very little say in making the rules,
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djecu se uopće ne pita, ili vrlo malo, kad se donose pravila.
04:32
when really the attitude should be reciprocal,
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dok bi stav u stvari trebao biti suprotan,
04:34
meaning that the adult population should learn
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što znači kako bi odrasli trebali naučiti
04:36
and take into account the wishes
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i uzeti u obzir želje
04:38
of the younger population.
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mladih.
04:40
Now, what's even worse than restriction
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Ono što je možda gore od restrikcije
04:42
is that adults often underestimate kids abilities.
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jest da odrasli često podcjenjuju sposobnosti djece.
04:45
We love challenges, but when expectations are low,
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Mi volimo izazove, ali kada su očekivanja od niska,
04:48
trust me, we will sink to them.
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vjerujte, spustit ćemo se na njihovu razinu.
04:51
My own parents had anything but low expectations
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Moji roditelji su imali sve samo ne niska očekivanja
04:54
for me and my sister.
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za mene i moju sestru.
04:56
Okay, so they didn't tell us to become doctors
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Dobro, nisu nam rekli da moramo postati doktori
04:59
or lawyers or anything like that,
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ili odvjetnici ili nešto takvo,
05:01
but my dad did read to us
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ali nam je moj otac čitao
05:03
about Aristotle
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o Aristotelu
05:05
and pioneer germ fighters
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i pionirima borbe protiv mikroba
05:07
when lots of other kids were hearing
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dok su druga djeca slušala
05:09
"The Wheels on the Bus Go Round and Round."
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"Kotači autobusa se vrte i vrte u krug".
05:11
Well, we heard that one too, but "Pioneer Germ Fighters" totally rules.
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I mi smo čuli tu pjesmu, ali borci protiv mikroba su zakon.
05:14
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:16
I loved to write from the age of four,
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Voljela sam pisati još od svoje četvrte godine,
05:18
and when I was six
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a kada sam imala šest
05:20
my mom bought me my own laptop equipped with Microsoft Word.
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mama mi je kupila vlastiti laptop koji je imao instaliran Microsoft Word.™
05:23
Thank you Bill Gates and thank you Ma.
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Hvala Vam Bille Gatesu i hvala ti mama.
05:25
I wrote over 300 short stories
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Napisala sam preko 300 novela
05:27
on that little laptop,
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na svom malom laptopu,
05:29
and I wanted to get published.
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i željela sam to objaviti.
05:32
Instead of just scoffing at this heresy
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Umjesto podsmjeha na ovu herezu
05:34
that a kid wanted to get published
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da dijete želi nešto objaviti,
05:36
or saying wait until you're older,
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ili da mi kažu da pričekam dok ne budem starija,
05:38
my parents were really supportive.
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moji roditelji su mi pružili podršku.
05:40
Many publishers were not quite so encouraging,
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Mnogi izdavači nisu bili tako ohrabrujući.
05:44
one large children's publisher ironically saying
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Jedan veliki dječji izdavač ironično je komentirao
05:47
that they didn't work with children --
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kako oni ne rade s djecom.
05:49
children's publisher not working with children?
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Dječji izdavač koji ne radi s djecom?
05:52
I don't know, you're kind of alienating a large client there.
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Ne znam, ali time odbijate prilično velikog klijenta.
05:55
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:57
Now, one publisher, Action Publishing,
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No, jedan izdavač, "Action Publishing",
06:00
was willing to take that leap and trust me
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je bio spreman preuzeti rizik i odgovornost i imati povjerenja,
06:03
and to listen to what I had to say.
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i slušati ono što sam imala za reći.
06:05
They published my first book, "Flying Fingers," -- you see it here --
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Oni su objavili moju prvu knjigu "Leteći prstići", -- vidite --
06:08
and from there on, it's gone to speaking at hundreds of schools,
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i od tada, sam došla do toga da držim govore po stotinama škola,
06:12
keynoting to thousands of educators
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držim predavanja tisućama prosvjetitelja,
06:14
and finally, today, speaking to you.
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i na koncu, danas, govorim vama.
06:16
I appreciate your attention today,
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Cijenim vašu pozornost,
06:18
because to show that you truly care,
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jer time pokazujete da vam je stalo,
06:20
you listen.
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vi slušate.
06:22
But there's a problem with this rosy picture
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Ali ima jedan problem u ovoj bajkovitoj priči
06:25
of kids being so much better than adults.
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o djeci koja su toliko bolja od odraslih.
06:28
Kids grow up and become adults just like you.
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Djeca odrastu i postanu odrasli, poput vas.
06:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:33
Or just like you? Really?
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Ili baš kao vi, stvarno?
06:35
The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adult,
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Cilj nije pretvoriti djecu u vašu vrstu odraslih
06:38
but rather better adults than you have been,
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već u bolju vrstu odraslih od one kakva ste vi,
06:41
which may be a little challenging
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što može biti izazovno
06:43
considering your guys' credentials (Laughter).
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imajući na umu vaše vjerodajnice,
06:45
But the way progress happens
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ali način na koji se napredak odvija
06:47
is because new generations and new eras
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jest da nove generacije i novo doba
06:50
grow and develop and become better than the previous ones.
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rastu, razvijaju se i postaju bolja od prethodnih.
06:53
It's the reason we're not in the Dark Ages anymore.
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To je razlog zbog kojeg smo izašli iz Tamnog doba.
06:56
No matter your position or place in life,
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Bez obzira na vašu poziciju u životu,
06:59
it is imperative to create opportunities for children
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imperativ je stvoriti čim više prilika za djecu
07:02
so that we can grow up to blow you away.
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kako bi odrasli i zamijenili vas.
07:05
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:08
Adults and fellow TEDsters,
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Odrasli i prijatelji TEDovci,
07:10
you need to listen and learn from kids
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morate slušati i učiti od djece
07:12
and trust us and expect more from us.
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i vjerovati nam i očekivati puno od nas.
07:16
You must lend an ear today,
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Morate nam okrenuti uho danas,
07:18
because we are the leaders of tomorrow,
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jer smo mi vođe sutrašnjice,
07:20
which means we're going to be taking care of you
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što znači da ćemo mi voditi brigu o vama
07:22
when you're old and senile. No, just kidding.
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kad ćete biti stari i senilni. Ne, samo se šalim.
07:25
No, really, we are going to be the next generation,
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Stvarno, mi smo slijedeća generacija
07:28
the ones who will bring this world forward.
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koja će ovaj svijet pomaknuti naprijed.
07:31
And in case you don't think that this really has meaning for you,
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I u slučaju, da ne vidite kakvo to značenje ima za vas,
07:34
remember that cloning is possible,
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zapamtite kako je danas kloniranje moguće,
07:36
and that involves going through childhood again,
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a to znači da će neki od vas ponovno biti djeca,
07:38
in which case you'll want to be heard
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i u tom slučaju, ćete željeti da vas čuju
07:40
just like my generation.
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baš kao i moju generaciju.
07:42
Now, the world needs opportunities
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Svijet treba prilike
07:45
for new leaders and new ideas.
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za nove vođe i nove ideje.
07:48
Kids need opportunities to lead and succeed.
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Djeca trebaju prilike da vode i uspiju.
07:51
Are you ready to make the match?
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Jeste li spremni prihvatiti izazov?
07:53
Because the world's problems
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Jer problemi svijeta
07:55
shouldn't be the human family's heirloom.
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ne bi trebali biti dio naslijeđa ljudske obitelji.
07:58
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:00
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
08:03
Thank you. Thank you.
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Hvala vam. Hvala vam.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adora Svitak - Child prodigyA prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy.
Why you should listen
A voracious reader from age three, Adora Svitak's first serious foray into writing -- at age five -- was limited only by her handwriting and spelling. (Her astonishing verbal abilities already matched that of young adults over twice her age.) As her official bio says, her breakthrough would soon come "in the form of a used Dell laptop her mother bought her." At age seven, she typed out over 250,000 words -- poetry, short stories, observations about the world -- in a single year.
Svitak has since fashioned her beyond-her-years wordsmithing into an inspiring campaign for literacy -- speaking across the country to both adults and kids. She is author of Flying Fingers, a book on learning.
Adora Svitak | Speaker | TED.com