TEDWomen 2015
Pardis Sabeti: How we'll fight the next deadly virus
帕尔迪斯·萨贝提: 我们如何对抗下一种致命病毒
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当埃博拉病毒在2014年三月爆发时，帕尔迪斯·萨贝提和她的团队着手测定病毒基因组序列，研究病毒变异和传播的方式。萨贝提立即将她的研究成果发布在网上，于是全世界的病毒追踪者和科学家都可以加入这次紧急的战斗。在这个演讲中，她向我们阐述了开放的交流对于遏制埃博拉病毒传播的重要性，对于对抗未来的种种病毒也不可或缺。“我们必须开放合作，我们必须共享信息，我们必须携手共进，”萨贝提如是说，“我们的世界不应被一个病毒所造成的破坏而定义。我们要让数十亿颗心团结合作的光辉洒遍大地。”
Pardis Sabeti - Computational geneticist
Pardis Sabeti investigates the genomes of microbes, including the Ebola virus, to help understand how to slow them. Full bio
Pardis Sabeti investigates the genomes of microbes, including the Ebola virus, to help understand how to slow them. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
你们可能从未听说过
塞拉利昂的凯内马，
塞拉利昂的凯内马，
00:13
You may never have heard
of Kenema, Sierra Leone
of Kenema, Sierra Leone
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或者是尼日利亚的阿鲁阿。
00:15
or Arua, Nigeria.
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但我认为它们是
世界上最棒的两个地方。
世界上最棒的两个地方。
00:17
But I know them as two of the most
extraordinary places on earth.
extraordinary places on earth.
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00:21
In hospitals there, there's a community
of nurses, physicians and scientists
of nurses, physicians and scientists
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在那里的医院，有一个由护士、
外科医生和科学家组成的社区，
外科医生和科学家组成的社区，
多年来一直在默默对抗
00:27
that have been quietly battling
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人类最致命的威胁之一——
00:28
one of the deadliest threats
to humanity for years:
to humanity for years:
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拉萨病毒。
00:31
Lassa virus.
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00:33
Lassa virus is a lot like Ebola.
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拉萨病毒十分像埃博拉病毒。
它可以导致严重的发热症状，
而且往往是致命的。
而且往往是致命的。
00:35
It can cause a severe fever
and can often be fatal.
and can often be fatal.
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00:39
But these individuals,
they risk their lives every day
they risk their lives every day
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但是这些人每天都冒着生命危险
来保护社区中的每个成员，
00:43
to protect the individuals
in their communities,
in their communities,
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与此同时，也保护着我们所有人。
00:45
and by doing so, protect us all.
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00:49
But one of the most extraordinary things
I learned about them
I learned about them
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我从他们身上学到的最棒的一点，
就是在很多年前
我第一次去拜访的时候，
我第一次去拜访的时候，
00:52
on one of my first visits
out there many years ago
out there many years ago
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那些充满挑战、在前线奋斗的日子里，
00:54
was that they start each morning --
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00:56
these challenging, extraordinary days
on the front lines -- by singing.
on the front lines -- by singing.
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他们每天早上都是这样开始的——唱歌。
01:01
They gather together,
and they show their joy.
and they show their joy.
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他们聚集在一起，
尽情展现他们的愉悦。
尽情展现他们的愉悦。
他们展现着一种精神。
01:05
They show their spirit.
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许多年过去了，
01:06
And over the years,
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当我们年复一年彼此相互拜访的时候，
01:07
from year after year as I've visited them
and they've visited me,
and they've visited me,
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我都可以跟他们聚在一起唱歌，
01:10
I get to gather with them and I sing
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而且我们会把这些记录下来，
我们很爱这样做，
我们很爱这样做，
01:12
and we write and we love it,
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因为它了提醒我们，
我们不只是要一起探寻科学真理，
我们不只是要一起探寻科学真理，
01:15
because it reminds us that we're not
just there to pursue science together;
just there to pursue science together;
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还有一条人性的纽带将我们紧密相连。
01:18
we're bonded through a shared humanity.
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01:21
And that of course, as you can imagine,
becomes extremely important,
becomes extremely important,
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而且你们可以想象，当周遭发生变化时，
这种联系就变得极其重要，
甚至是不可或缺的。
甚至是不可或缺的。
01:25
even essential, as things begin to change.
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2014年的3月，巨变发生了。
01:28
And that changed a great deal
in March of 2014,
in March of 2014,
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埃博拉疫情在几内亚爆发。
01:33
when the Ebola outbreak
was declared in Guinea.
was declared in Guinea.
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01:36
This is the first outbreak in West Africa,
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这是在西非地区的第一次疫情爆发，
发生在塞拉利昂和利比亚的交界处。
01:38
near the border
of Sierra Leone and Liberia.
of Sierra Leone and Liberia.
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01:42
And it was frightening,
frightening for us all.
frightening for us all.
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情况非常可怕，我们每个人都震惊了。
事实上，我们甚至一度怀疑
01:44
We had actually suspected for some time
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拉萨和埃博拉疫情的散布范围
比我们想象中更广，
比我们想象中更广，
01:46
that Lassa and Ebola were more
widespread than thought,
widespread than thought,
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而且我们担心某天它会传播到凯内马。
01:49
and we thought it could
one day come to Kenema.
one day come to Kenema.
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01:51
And so members of my team
immediately went out
immediately went out
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于是我的团队成员立即出发，
赶到那里并加入了
胡马尔·汗医生和他的团队，
胡马尔·汗医生和他的团队，
01:54
and joined Dr. Humarr Khan
and his team there,
and his team there,
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我们搭建好了诊断设备，
来做一些敏感的分子测试，
来做一些敏感的分子测试，
01:56
and we set up diagnostics to be able
to have sensitive molecular tests
to have sensitive molecular tests
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当埃博拉病毒跨越塞拉利昂边境时，
02:00
to pick up Ebola if it came
across the border
across the border
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我们就可以探测得到。
02:02
and into Sierra Leone.
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我们早已为拉萨病毒
设置了这种规模的设备，
设置了这种规模的设备，
02:03
We'd already set up this kind
of capacity for Lassa virus,
of capacity for Lassa virus,
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我们知道如何去应对，
02:06
we knew how to do it,
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这个团队极其出色。
02:08
the team is outstanding.
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我们只需要给他们设备和场地，
让他们去研究埃博拉。
让他们去研究埃博拉。
02:09
We just had to give them
the tools and place to survey for Ebola.
the tools and place to survey for Ebola.
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02:13
And unfortunately, that day came.
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很不幸的是，那一天来临了。
2014年5月23日，一位女子
住进了医院里的产房，
住进了医院里的产房，
02:14
On May 23, 2014, a woman checked
into the maternity ward at the hospital,
into the maternity ward at the hospital,
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我们团队就进行了那些重要的分子测试，
02:19
and the team ran
those important molecular tests
those important molecular tests
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并确诊了塞拉利昂的
第一例埃博拉病例。
第一例埃博拉病例。
02:23
and they identified the first
confirmed case of Ebola in Sierra Leone.
confirmed case of Ebola in Sierra Leone.
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02:28
This was an exceptional
work that was done.
work that was done.
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这其实是非常了不起的。
他们可以在第一时间诊断出病情，
02:30
They were able to diagnose
the case immediately,
the case immediately,
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安全地诊治病人，
02:32
to safely treat the patient
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并且开始追踪接触者，
跟进病情的扩散情况。
跟进病情的扩散情况。
02:34
and to begin to do contact tracing
to follow what was going on.
to follow what was going on.
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它本可以阻止些什么的。
02:37
It could've stopped something.
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但是当那天来临的时候，
02:39
But by the time that day came,
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疫情的爆发已经酝酿了好几个月了。
02:42
the outbreak had already
been breeding for months.
been breeding for months.
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发现了成百个病例之后，
它让所有之前的疫情爆发都相形见绌。
它让所有之前的疫情爆发都相形见绌。
02:45
With hundreds of cases, it had already
eclipsed all previous outbreaks.
eclipsed all previous outbreaks.
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而且病毒不是由那个单一病例
攻进塞拉利昂的，
攻进塞拉利昂的，
02:48
And it came into Sierra Leone
not as that singular case,
not as that singular case,
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这是一个巨大的冲击波。
02:52
but as a tidal wave.
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02:54
We had to work
with the international community,
with the international community,
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我们得跟国际社会紧密合作，
跟卫生部，跟凯内马当地，
共同应对这些病例。
共同应对这些病例。
02:56
with the Ministry of Health, with Kenema,
to begin to deal with the cases,
to begin to deal with the cases,
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接下来的一周来了31个病人，
03:00
as the next week brought 31,
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然后是92个，后来涨到147个——
全部都涌到凯内马来，
全部都涌到凯内马来，
03:02
then 92, then 147 cases --
all coming to Kenema,
all coming to Kenema,
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因为这是塞拉利昂
能够应对疫情的少数几个地方之一。
能够应对疫情的少数几个地方之一。
03:05
one of the only places in Sierra Leone
that could deal with this.
that could deal with this.
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03:09
And we worked around the clock
trying to do everything we could,
trying to do everything we could,
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我们日夜无休，拼尽全力地工作，
希望去帮助每一个患者，
希望获得大家的关注，
希望获得大家的关注，
03:13
trying to help the individuals,
trying to get attention,
trying to get attention,
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但我们同时也做了另外一件简单的事。
03:16
but we also did one other simple thing.
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03:18
From that specimen that we take
from a patient's blood to detect Ebola,
from a patient's blood to detect Ebola,
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为了探测埃博拉病毒，
我们从病人血液中提取了样品，
我们从病人血液中提取了样品，
我们当然可以直接丢掉它们。
03:22
we can discard it, obviously.
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但是事实上，我们能做的另一件事，
是在样品中加化学药品使其失活，
是在样品中加化学药品使其失活，
03:24
The other thing we can do is, actually,
put in a chemical and deactivate it,
put in a chemical and deactivate it,
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然后把它封存在盒子里，
把它运过大洋。
把它运过大洋。
03:28
so just place it into a box
and ship it across the ocean,
and ship it across the ocean,
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而这正是我们所做的。
03:30
and that's what we did.
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我们把样品发到了波士顿，
我的团队工作的地方，
我的团队工作的地方，
03:32
We sent it to Boston, where my team works.
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03:34
And we also worked around the clock
doing shift work, day after day,
doing shift work, day after day,
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我们同样日夜无休，每天都在轮班工作，
于是我们很快地整理出了
埃博拉病毒的99个基因组。
埃博拉病毒的99个基因组。
03:38
and we quickly generated 99 genomes
of the Ebola virus.
of the Ebola virus.
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这就是一份蓝图——
病毒的基因组就是一份蓝图。
病毒的基因组就是一份蓝图。
03:42
This is the blueprint -- the genome
of a virus is the blueprint.
of a virus is the blueprint.
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我们人类身上也有。
03:45
We all have one.
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它详述了构成我们身体的一切，
03:46
It says everything that makes up us,
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告诉我们非常多的信息。
03:48
and it tells us so much information.
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这些工作的结果很简单，但也很强大。
03:50
The results of this kind of work
are simple and they're powerful.
are simple and they're powerful.
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03:54
We could actually take
these 99 different viruses,
these 99 different viruses,
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我们可以拿这99个不同的病毒变异，
观察并且比较它们，
03:56
look at them and compare them,
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我们可以清晰地看到，相比于
03:58
and we could see, actually,
compared to three genomes
compared to three genomes
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04:01
that had been previously
published from Guinea,
published from Guinea,
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几内亚方面发布的三个基因组，
我们可以发现，病情在几个月前
就已经开始在几内亚传播，
就已经开始在几内亚传播，
04:04
we could show that the outbreak
emerged in Guinea months before,
emerged in Guinea months before,
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一旦闯进了人群中，
04:07
once into the human population,
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就会通过人与人之间的接触快速传递。
04:09
and from there had been transmitting
from human to human.
from human to human.
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这个信息其实至关重要，
04:12
Now, that's incredibly important
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尤其当你在研究如何阻碍
病毒传播的时刻。
病毒传播的时刻。
04:13
when you're trying to figure out
how to intervene,
how to intervene,
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但是最重要的事情是接触者追踪。
04:16
but the important thing
is contact tracing.
is contact tracing.
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我们也可以看到
病毒在人与人之间传播的时候，
病毒在人与人之间传播的时候，
04:18
We also could see that as the virus
was moving between humans,
was moving between humans,
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它也在不断变异。
04:21
it was mutating.
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每一种变异都无比重要，
04:23
And each of those mutations
are so important,
are so important,
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因为所有的诊断、疫苗，
04:25
because the diagnostics, the vaccines,
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还有我们用的治疗方式，
04:27
the therapies that we're using,
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基本全都是基于那种特定的基因组序列，
04:29
are all based on that genome
sequence, fundamentally --
sequence, fundamentally --
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这才是导致疫情传播的根源。
04:32
that's what drives it.
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于是全球的健康专家要快速应对，
04:33
And so global health experts
would need to respond,
would need to respond,
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要改进研究方法，
04:36
would have to develop,
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04:37
to recalibrate everything
that they were doing.
that they were doing.
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要把自己所做的一切都进行调整。
04:41
But the way that science works,
the position I was in at that point
the position I was in at that point
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但是就当时我所处的位置来看，
科学研究的方法是
科学研究的方法是
我拿到了数据，
04:44
is, I had the data,
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我可能要关在实验室里研究好几个月，
04:45
and I could have worked
in a silo for many, many months,
in a silo for many, many months,
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细致谨慎地分析那些数据，
04:48
analyzed the data carefully, slowly,
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写好论文投出去，再进行反复修改，
04:50
submitted the paper for publication,
gone through a few back-and-forths,
gone through a few back-and-forths,
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最后论文公之于众，那些数据才能公开。
04:53
and then finally when the paper came out,
might release that data.
might release that data.
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这就是当时科学研究的现状。
04:56
That's the way the status quo works.
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好吧，在那个特定时候这种方法
肯定不管用，对吧？
肯定不管用，对吧？
04:59
Well, that was not going to work
at this point, right?
at this point, right?
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我们有些朋友在抗病前线工作，
05:01
We had friends on the front lines
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显然对于我们来说
最需要的就是外界帮助，
最需要的就是外界帮助，
05:03
and to us it was just obvious
that what we needed is help,
that what we needed is help,
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很多的帮助。
05:06
lots of help.
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所以我们所做的第一件事，
05:07
So the first thing we did is,
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基因测序结果从机器上一出来，
05:09
as soon as the sequences
came off the machines,
came off the machines,
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我们就立即在网上发布了这些数据。
05:12
we published it to the web.
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我们向全世界公开，
然后说：“帮帮我们！”
然后说：“帮帮我们！”
05:13
We just released it to the whole world
and said, "Help us."
and said, "Help us."
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于是帮助接踵而至。
05:16
And help came.
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我们还没反应过来，
05:17
Before we knew it,
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全世界就有一大群人主动跟我们联系，
05:18
we were being contacted
from people all over,
from people all over,
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他们惊喜地看到这些数据在网上公开了。
05:21
surprised to see the data
out there and released.
out there and released.
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世界上一些最出色的病毒追踪者
05:23
Some of the greatest
viral trackers in the world
viral trackers in the world
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突然就变成了我们团队的一员了！
05:25
were suddenly part of our community.
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我们用这种虚拟的方式共同合作，
05:28
We were working together
in this virtual way,
in this virtual way,
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我们共享信息，经常互通电话，
一直保持联系，
一直保持联系，
05:30
sharing, regular calls, communications,
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希望能够分秒跟踪病毒的扩散情况，
05:33
trying to follow the virus
minute by minute,
minute by minute,
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然后找到遏制它的办法。
05:36
to see ways that we could stop it.
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05:39
And there are so many ways
that we can form communities like that.
that we can form communities like that.
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其实我们若要组建这样的团体
有很多种方式。
有很多种方式。
05:43
Everybody, particularly when the outbreak
started to expand globally,
started to expand globally,
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每个人，尤其是当疫情
在世界范围爆发时，
在世界范围爆发时，
都在不断获取信息，
都在参与、投入进来。
都在参与、投入进来。
05:47
was reaching out to learn,
to participate, to engage.
to participate, to engage.
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05:51
Everybody wants to play a part.
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每个人都想做一些贡献。
世界上所有人的力量真的是太神奇了，
05:53
The amount of human capacity
out there is just amazing,
out there is just amazing,
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而因特网将我们联系在一起。
05:56
and the Internet connects us all.
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你们可以想象吗？
我们不再害怕与他人交流，
我们不再害怕与他人交流，
05:57
And could you imagine that instead
of being frightened of each other,
of being frightened of each other,
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我们所有人都说，“开工吧。
06:01
that we all just said, "Let's do this.
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让我们齐心协力，我们一定做得到！”
06:03
Let's work together,
and let's make this happen."
and let's make this happen."
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但是问题就是，
我们所有人所用到的数据，
我们所有人所用到的数据，
06:05
But the problem is that the data
that all of us are using,
that all of us are using,
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在谷歌上搜到的数据，
远不能满足我们工作的需求。
远不能满足我们工作的需求。
06:08
Googling on the web, is just too limited
to do what we need to do.
to do what we need to do.
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当这种情况发生时，
我们就会错失很多机会。
我们就会错失很多机会。
06:12
And so many opportunities
get missed when that happens.
get missed when that happens.
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所以在凯内马的疫情爆发初期，
06:15
So in the early part
of the epidemic from Kenema,
of the epidemic from Kenema,
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我们有106份病人的临床记录，
06:17
we'd had 106 clinical records
from patients,
from patients,
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我们再一次把这些都公之于众。
06:20
and we once again made that
publicly available to the world.
publicly available to the world.
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在我们自己的实验室里，
你拿给我们那106份记录，
你拿给我们那106份记录，
06:23
And in our own lab, we could show
that you could take those 106 records,
that you could take those 106 records,
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我们就可以让电脑来预测
接下来的埃博拉患者，
接下来的埃博拉患者，
06:26
we could train computers to predict
the prognosis for Ebola patients
the prognosis for Ebola patients
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而且准确度接近100%。
06:30
to near 100 percent accuracy.
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我们还做了个应用程序，
专门发布这些预测，
专门发布这些预测，
06:32
And we made an app
that could release that,
that could release that,
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让全世界健康领域的工作者
都能获得这些信息。
都能获得这些信息。
06:34
to make that available
to health-care workers in the field.
to health-care workers in the field.
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但是106份报告远远不够，
06:37
But 106 is just not enough
to make it powerful,
to make it powerful,
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还无法让这种方法产生实效。
06:40
to validate it.
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所以我们在等待更多的临床报告，
才能发布那个软件，
才能发布那个软件，
06:41
So we were waiting for more data
to release that.
to release that.
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而这些报告一直没有来。
06:44
and the data has still not come.
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我们还在等待，还在不断修正软件，
06:46
We are still waiting, tweaking away,
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窝在实验室里而不是跟大家合作。
06:49
in silos rather than working together.
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这个真是……我们完全不能接受。
06:51
And this just -- we can't accept that.
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对吧？你们，你们所有人都不能接受。
06:54
Right? You, all of you,
cannot accept that.
cannot accept that.
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现在正是命悬一线的时候。
06:58
It's our lives on the line.
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然而事实上，
06:59
And in fact, actually,
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很多的人牺牲了，
很多工作在医疗领域的人们，
很多工作在医疗领域的人们，
07:01
many lives were lost,
many health-care workers,
many health-care workers,
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包括我所敬爱的同事们，
07:04
including beloved colleagues of mine,
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有五个同事：
姆巴鲁·冯尼、艾力克斯·穆比、
姆巴鲁·冯尼、艾力克斯·穆比、
07:05
five colleagues:
Mbalu Fonnie, Alex Moigboi,
Mbalu Fonnie, Alex Moigboi,
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胡马尔·汗医生、艾丽丝·科沃玛，
还有穆罕默德·富勒。
还有穆罕默德·富勒。
07:09
Dr. Humarr Khan, Alice Kovoma
and Mohamed Fullah.
and Mohamed Fullah.
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这只是千千万万医疗卫生工作者中的五人，
07:13
These are just five
of many health-care workers
of many health-care workers
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他们在凯内马还有其他地方牺牲，
07:16
at Kenema and beyond
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而世界却一直在等待，
我们一直在埋头工作，
我们一直在埋头工作，
07:18
that died while the world waited
and while we all worked,
and while we all worked,
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人与人都是独立的、毫无交流的。
07:21
quietly and separately.
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埃博拉病毒，就像其他种种对人类的威胁，
07:23
See, Ebola, like all threats to humanity,
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都会因人与人之间的不信任、
分散与隔阂而愈演愈烈。
分散与隔阂而愈演愈烈。
07:25
it's fueled by mistrust
and distraction and division.
and distraction and division.
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当我们互相建起隔障，互相争斗的时候，
07:29
When we build barriers amongst ourselves
and we fight amongst ourselves,
and we fight amongst ourselves,
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病毒的气焰就更嚣张了。
07:32
the virus thrives.
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但是埃博拉又不像其它的威胁，
07:34
But unlike all threats to humanity,
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因为这一次，我们成为了一家人。
07:36
Ebola is one where
we're actually all the same.
we're actually all the same.
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我们都在同一条战线。
07:39
We're all in this fight together.
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一个人患上了埃博拉，
我们可能就会是下一个。
我们可能就会是下一个。
07:41
Ebola on one person's doorstep
could soon be on ours.
could soon be on ours.
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07:44
And so in this place
with the same vulnerabilities,
with the same vulnerabilities,
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于是我们生活在世上，
有着共同的弱点，共同的优势，
有着共同的弱点，共同的优势，
07:47
the same strengths,
the same fears, the same hopes,
the same fears, the same hopes,
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共同的恐惧，共同的希望，
我衷心希望我们能够
带着喜悦一起工作。
带着喜悦一起工作。
07:49
I hope that we work together with joy.
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07:54
A graduate student of mine
was reading a book about Sierra Leone,
was reading a book about Sierra Leone,
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我的一个已经毕业的学生
读到了一本关于塞拉利昂的书，
读到了一本关于塞拉利昂的书，
她发现“凯内马”这个词，
07:57
and she discovered that the word "Kenema,"
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我们在塞拉利昂工作时
那个城市、那所医院的名字，
那个城市、那所医院的名字，
07:59
the hospital that we work at and the city
where we work in Sierra Leone,
where we work in Sierra Leone,
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在当地的门得语中意思是
“像河流一样透明、澄净，
“像河流一样透明、澄净，
08:03
is named after the Mende word
for "clear like a river, translucent
for "clear like a river, translucent
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并且所有人的目光都能触及”。
08:07
and open to the public gaze."
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08:09
That was really profound for us,
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这对我们有着非常深远的意义，
我们自己并没意识到，
但我们一直都觉得
但我们一直都觉得
08:11
because without knowing it,
we'd always felt
we'd always felt
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为了向凯内马，我们奋斗过的地方的
所有人致敬，
所有人致敬，
08:13
that in order to honor the individuals
in Kenema where we worked,
in Kenema where we worked,
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我们必须开放合作，
我们必须共享信息，我们必须携手共进。
我们必须共享信息，我们必须携手共进。
08:16
we had to work openly, we had to share
and we had to work together.
and we had to work together.
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08:21
And we have to do that.
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我们必须这样做。
所有人都应该这样要求自己和他人——
08:22
We all have to demand that
of ourselves and others --
of ourselves and others --
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当灾难爆发时，我们都应该互相敞开心扉，
08:26
to be open to each other
when an outbreak happens,
when an outbreak happens,
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一起进行这场战斗。
08:28
to fight in this fight together.
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因为这不是埃博拉疫情的第一次爆发，
08:30
Because this is not the first
outbreak of Ebola,
outbreak of Ebola,
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也不会是最后一次，
08:33
it will not be the last,
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世上还有许多其它的微生物
一直潜伏在我们身边，
一直潜伏在我们身边，
08:35
and there are many other microbes
out there that are lying in wait,
out there that are lying in wait,
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就像拉萨病毒还有其它的生物。
08:38
like Lassa virus and others.
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下次当灾难发生的时候，
08:39
And the next time this happens,
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可能会在一个百万人口级别的城市，
可能就会在那里爆发。
可能就会在那里爆发。
08:41
it could happen in a city of millions,
it could start there.
it could start there.
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病毒可能会通过空气传播。
08:44
It could be something
that's transmitted through the air.
that's transmitted through the air.
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病毒甚至可能会被人故意散播出去。
08:47
It could even be
disseminated intentionally.
disseminated intentionally.
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我知道这很吓人，我能理解，
08:49
And I know that that is frightening,
I understand that,
I understand that,
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但是我也知道，这次经历告诉我们，
08:52
but I know also,
and this experience shows us,
and this experience shows us,
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我们有足够的科技和能力，
08:54
that we have the technology
and we have the capacity
and we have the capacity
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来打赢这场仗，
08:58
to win this thing,
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不仅打赢这场仗，
而且对所有的病毒都能道高一丈。
而且对所有的病毒都能道高一丈。
08:59
to win this and have
the upper hand over viruses.
the upper hand over viruses.
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但是只有当我们精诚合作时我们才能做到，
09:02
But we can only do it if we do it together
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而且我们要心怀喜悦。
09:05
and we do it with joy.
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09:06
So for Dr. Khan
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所以对于汗医生，
还有牺牲在抗病前线的所有人，
09:08
and for all of those who sacrificed
their lives on the front lines
their lives on the front lines
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永远与我们并肩作战的人，
09:12
in this fight with us always,
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让我们也永远与他们一起战斗。
09:15
let us be in this fight with them always.
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我们的世界不应被
09:17
And let us not let the world be defined
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一个病毒所造成的破坏而定义，
09:19
by the destruction wrought by one virus,
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我们要让数十亿颗心灵
团结合作的光辉洒遍大地。
团结合作的光辉洒遍大地。
09:21
but illuminated by billions
of hearts and minds
of hearts and minds
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09:24
working in unity.
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谢谢大家。
09:25
Thank you.
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（鼓掌）
09:27
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Pardis Sabeti - Computational geneticistPardis Sabeti investigates the genomes of microbes, including the Ebola virus, to help understand how to slow them.
Why you should listen
Pardis Sabeti develops algorithms to detect the genetic signatures of adaption in humans and the microbial organisms that infect humans. Among her lab’s key research areas: examining the genetic factors that drive disease susceptibility to Ebola and Lassa hemorrhagic fever, and investigating the genomes of microbes, including Lassa virus, Ebola virus, Plasmodium falciparum malaria, Vibrio cholera and Mycobacterioum tuberculosis, to help find cures.
She's based at the Center for Systems Biology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard and the Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease at the Harvard School of Public Health. Sabeti is a National Geographic Emerging Explorer and was named a Time magazine Person of the Year in 2014 as one of the Ebola fighters.Pardis Sabeti | Speaker | TED.com