Maryn McKenna: What do we do when antibiotics don't work any more?
मर्यान मेकन्ना: आपण काय करावे जेव्हा प्रतिजैविके निष्प्रभ होतील.
Maryn McKenna recounts the often terrifying stories behind emerging drug-resistant diseases that medical science is barely keeping at bay. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and a semi-pro basketball player
बास्केट बॉल खेळाडू होते .
he loved being a fireman,
या कुटुंबाचा इतिहास होता
he started polishing all the brass,
वस्तूंना चमकाविण्यास सुरवात केली.
the fittings on the walls,
भितीवरील साहित्य
his shoulder started to hurt.
and when they got the local doctor in,
ते स्थानिक डॉक्टर कडे गेले .
and took him to the hospital.
that he had an infection,
त्यांना जंतू संसर्ग झाल्याचे .
have called "blood poisoning,"
झाल्याचे म्हणाले ,
because the things we use now
तेव्हा नव्हती
the first antibiotic,
either recovered, if they were lucky,
shaking with chills,
बंद केल्यावर ते बेशुद्ध झाले.
lined up to give him transfusions
रांगेत उभे राहू लागली .
surging through his blood.
ते मरण पावले .
my great uncle died.
of cancer or heart disease,
याने मृत्यू पावत नसत.
in the West today.
because they didn't live long enough
कारण तेवढे ते जगत नसत
of the Industrial Revolution --
कारखान्यातील बदलाने
when antibiotics arrived.
been a death sentence
you recovered from in days.
काही दिवसातच तुम्ही बरे होता
the golden epoch of the miracle drugs.
सुवर्णकाळात राहतोय .
of the pre-antibiotic era.
प्रतिजैविके नव्हती .
of the post-antibiotic era,
जो प्रतीजैविकांचा आहे .
when simple infections
will kill people once again.
त्यास पर्ण गमवावा लागे
because of a phenomenon
ते ज्या कारणाने घडते त्यास
for resources, for food,
एक प्रकारच्या शर्यतीत असतात
that they direct against each other.
लढण्यासाठी घातक रसायन टाकतात
that chemical attack.
उत्क्रांत होऊन सज्ज होतात.
and made our own versions of them,
आमच्या नव्या आवृत्या तयार केल्या.
the way they always had.
प्रत्युत्तर दिले.
arrived by 1945.
त्याचे प्रतिरोधक आढळले.
the most recent drugs, in 2003,
just a year later in 2004.
a game of leapfrog --
and then resistance again --
आणि त्यास पुन्हा प्रतिरोध
that pharmaceutical companies
तत्परतेने येते की औषधी कंपन्यांनी
is not in their best interest,
फायद्याची बाब नाही .
moving across the world
than 100 antibiotics
त्याचे दुष्परिणाम आहेत
Control and Prevention, the CDC,
to all but two drugs.
प्रतिरोधकता आढळली.
with a different infection
त्यास वेगळा संसर्ग आढळला.
आढळला.
जीन आढळला.
from India into China, Asia, Africa,
व आफ्रिकेत पसरला आहे
are extraordinary cases,
by the British government
on Antimicrobial Resistance
right now is 700,000 deaths a year.
लोक दरवर्षी मरण पावतात
that you don't feel at risk,
आपण सुरक्षित आहोत.
were hospital patients
near the ends of their lives,
are remote from us,
त्याचे गांभीर्य कळत नाही.
none of us do,
almost all of modern life.
प्रभावी झाले आहेत.
with weakened immune systems --
जन्मलेले बाळ
foreign objects in the body:
बाह्य गोष्टी
need new hips and knees?
that without antibiotics,
the hidden spaces of the body.
that now seem minor.
गमावण्याच्या अवस्थेत जातो
in the cleanest hospitals,
आईचा मृत्यू होतो.
out of every 10.
we live our everyday lives.
जगण्याचा मार्ग हिरावला जात आहे .
could kill you,
माहित असल्यावर
your Christmas lights,
to receive penicillin,
Albert Alexander,
अल्बर्ट अलेक्झांडर
that his scalp oozed pus
ज्याच्या कपाळावर पू झिरपत होता
काढावा लागला
something very simple.
and scratched his face on a thorn.
काटे घुसले.
which estimates that the worldwide toll
त्यतील आकडेवारीनुसार
get this under control by 2050,
न मिळविल्यास २०५० पर्यंत
will be 10 million deaths a year.
एक कोटी पर्यंत जाईल
we did it to ourselves.
स्वतः पासून सुरवात करावी लागेल
biological process,
for accelerating it.
अनिर्बंध वापर करून .
that now seems shocking.
over the counter until the 1950s.
मुक्तपणे विकले जाई .
most antibiotics still are.
अजूनही अशीच विकली जातात .
in hospitals are unnecessary.
written in doctor's offices
that antibiotics cannot help.
get antibiotics every day of their lives,
प्रीतीजैविके दिली जातात.
and to protect them against
they are raised in.
go to farm animals, not to humans,
that move off the farm
अवलंबून असतात
citrus, against disease.
their DNA to each other
a suitcase at an airport,
that resistance into existence,
उत्तेजना देऊ लागलो तर
the man who discovered penicillin.
in 1945 in recognition,
सन्मान करण्यात आला.
this is what he said:
त्यांनी सांगितले
with penicillin treatment
उपचार करीत आहेत
for the death of a man
एखाद्याचा मृत्यू झाल्यास
can be averted."
on novel antibiotics,
अनेक कंपनी कार्यरत आहेत.
have never seen before.
into making antibiotics again.
आकृष्ट करण्यासाठी बक्षिसे देणे
every 20 minutes.
जन्माला येते .
10 years to derive a new drug.
दहा वर्षे लागतात
आपल्या शरीराने तयार केला.
तेव्हा जीवाणू असे करू शकत नव्हते
to tell us automatically and specifically
आपोआप आणि वैशिष्टांसह सांगेल
into drug order systems
राहून तपासली पाहिजे .
gets a second look.
पुन्हा तपासणी झाली पाहिजे.
to give up antibiotic use.
वापर बंद केला पाहिजे.
is emerging next.
to change a habit.
हि सवय मोडणे.
we've done that in the past.
into the streets,
बांधण्याची सवय आहे
to the possibility of cancer,
were expensive,
आपल्या हिताचे नाही
around antibiotic use too.
of antibiotic resistance
a fluorescent lightbulb
वापरता
about climate change,
होऊ द्यायचे नाही
the deforestation from palm oil,
an overwhelming problem.
लहान लहान पायरया आहेत
for antibiotic use too.
केले पाहिजे .
if we're not sure it's the right one.
जर त्याच्या परीनाम्कार्क्तेची शंका असेल
for our kid's ear infection
प्रतीजैविकाची मागणी करू नका.
or shrimp or fruit
of the post-antibiotic world.
प्रतीरोधास सावकाश करू शकू.
the antibiotic era in 1943.
up to the edge of disaster.
सर्वनाशापर्यंत पोहचत आहोत.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Maryn McKenna - Public health journalistMaryn McKenna recounts the often terrifying stories behind emerging drug-resistant diseases that medical science is barely keeping at bay.
Why you should listen
Maryn McKenna’s harrowing stories of hunting down anthrax with the CDC and her chronicle of antibiotic-resistant staph infections in Superbug earned her the nickname “scary disease girl” among her colleagues.
But her investigations into public health don’t stop there: she blogs and writes on the history of epidemics and the public health challenges posed by factory farming. For her forthcoming book, McKenna is researching the symbiotic history of food production and antibiotics, and how their use impacts our lives, societies and the potential for illness.
Maryn McKenna | Speaker | TED.com