ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Melissa Marshall - Communications teacher
Melissa Marshall aims to teach great communication skills to scientists and engineers, so that they can effectively share their work.

Why you should listen
Melissa Marshall is a crusader against bullet points and an evangelist for effective slide design in scientific presentations. She believes that the future depends on the innovations of scientists and engineers, and is passionate about helping them effectively tell the story of their work.

A faculty member with the Department of Communication Arts & Sciences at Penn State University, Melissa specializes in teaching speaking skills to engineering students and has also lectured at Harvard Medical School, the New York Academy of Sciences, Cornell University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Melissa is the co-founder and advisor for the Penn State Engineering Ambassadors, an award-winning science and engineering outreach communication program. She is also an organizer and the faculty advisor for TEDxPSU, a student-run TEDx event held at Penn State each year.

 

More profile about the speaker
Melissa Marshall | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2012

Melissa Marshall: Talk nerdy to me

梅丽莎•马歇尔:跟我说说高科技

Filmed:
2,462,860 views

梅丽莎•马歇尔从非科学人员的角度向所有的科学家们传达了一个信息:你们所从事的工作让我们着迷,那就跟我们说说吧——用我们能理解的方式。在短短的四分钟里,她分享了一些向普通观众介绍复杂的科学观点时的建议,这些观点极具实效性。
- Communications teacher
Melissa Marshall aims to teach great communication skills to scientists and engineers, so that they can effectively share their work. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:17
Five years年份 ago, I experienced有经验的 a bit
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五年前,我曾有过一个
00:19
of what it must必须 have been like to be Alice爱丽丝 in Wonderland仙境.
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有如漫游爱丽丝仙境的经历。
00:23
Penn佩恩 State asked me, a communications通讯 teacher老师,
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宾夕法尼亚州立大学让我这个教沟通学的老师
00:25
to teach a communications通讯 class for engineering工程 students学生们.
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给工程系的学生上沟通学课。
00:29
And I was scared害怕. (Laughter笑声)
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我被吓到了。(笑声)
00:31
Really scared害怕. Scared害怕 of these students学生们 with their big brains大脑
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我真的被吓坏了。这些学生发达的大脑,
00:35
and their big books图书 and their big, unfamiliar陌生 words.
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还有他们所读的巨著,及他们使用的又长又生僻的词语通通都吓到我了。
00:39
But as these conversations对话 unfolded展开,
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不过随着对话的展开,
00:42
I experienced有经验的 what Alice爱丽丝 must必须 have when she went down
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我的经历就如爱丽丝一样,顺着那个兔子洞
00:45
that rabbit兔子 hole and saw that door to a whole整个 new world世界.
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下去,看到了那扇通往一个全新世界的大门。
00:49
That's just how I felt as I had those conversations对话
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这就是我和那些学生们对话时的感受。
00:51
with the students学生们. I was amazed吃惊 at the ideas思路
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我对他们的想法感到惊奇,
00:54
that they had, and I wanted others其他 to experience经验 this wonderland仙境 as well.
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而且我希望其他人也能体验这种在仙境中的感觉。
00:59
And I believe the key to opening开盘 that door
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我相信打开那扇门的关键
01:02
is great communication通讯.
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就是要有很好的交流与沟通。
01:03
We desperately拼命 need great communication通讯 from our
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为了改变世界,我们迫切需要从我们的
01:06
scientists科学家们 and engineers工程师 in order订购 to change更改 the world世界.
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科学家和工程师那里得到良好的沟通。
01:09
Our scientists科学家们 and engineers工程师 are the ones那些
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我们的科学家和工程师们解决的都是
01:12
that are tackling抢断 our grandest宏伟的 challenges挑战, from energy能源
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我们所面临的最大的难题,从能源
01:15
to environment环境 to health健康 care关心, among其中 others其他,
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到环境再到卫生保健,等等。
01:18
and if we don't know about it and understand理解 it,
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如果我们不明白也不理解的话,
01:21
then the work isn't doneDONE, and I believe it's our responsibility责任
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他们的工作对我们就没有什么意义了,并且我相信
01:24
as non-scientists非科学家 to have these interactions互动.
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我们作为非科学家们有责任与他们进行互动交流。
01:27
But these great conversations对话 can't occur发生 if our scientists科学家们
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可是如果我们的科学家和工程师们不把我们领进门
01:30
and engineers工程师 don't invite邀请 us in to see their wonderland仙境.
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去看看他们的仙境的话,我们之间也就不可能有很好的交流。
01:34
So scientists科学家们 and engineers工程师, please, talk nerdy书呆子 to us.
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所以科学家和工程师们,请跟我们说说高科技是什么吧。
01:39
I want to share分享 a few少数 keys按键 on how you can do that
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我想来分享几个有用的方法,告诉你们如何才能保证
01:42
to make sure that we can see that your science科学 is sexy性感的
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让我们也觉得你们的科学"性感"迷人、
01:46
and that your engineering工程 is engaging.
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你们的工程学魅力四射。
01:48
First question to answer回答 for us: so what?
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第一个要回答我们的问题: 高科技又怎样?
01:52
Tell us why your science科学 is relevant相应 to us.
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告诉我们,为什么你们的科学与我们有关。
01:56
Don't just tell me that you study研究 trabeculae小梁,
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别光告诉我你们研究骨小梁,
01:59
but tell me that you study研究 trabeculae小梁, which哪一个 is the mesh-like网格状 structure结构体 of our bones骨头
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要告诉我你们研究骨小梁是因为这种骨骼的网状组织
02:02
because it's important重要 to understanding理解 and treating治疗 osteoporosis骨质疏松.
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对认识和治疗骨质疏松症很重要。
02:07
And when you're describing说明 your science科学, beware谨防 of jargon行话.
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另外当你们描述科学原理时,要注意术语的使用。
02:12
Jargon行话 is a barrier屏障 to our understanding理解 of your ideas思路.
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术语是我们理解你们想法的一个障碍。
02:15
Sure, you can say "spatial空间的 and temporal," but why not just say
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当然了,你们可以说“空间性与瞬时性”,可是为什么不说
02:18
"space空间 and time," which哪一个 is so much more accessible无障碍 to us?
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"空间与时间"呢?这对我们来说容易理解多了。
02:22
And making制造 your ideas思路 accessible无障碍 is not the same相同 as dumbing弱智化 it down.
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让你们的想法简单易懂并不等于简化它,
02:27
Instead代替, as Einstein爱因斯坦 said, make everything
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相反,正如爱因斯坦所说,让一切
02:30
as simple简单 as possible可能, but no simpler简单.
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尽可能的简单,而不是简化。
02:33
You can clearly明确地 communicate通信 your science科学
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你不必非得改变你的观点才能清楚地
02:36
without compromising折中 the ideas思路.
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传达出你的科学理论。
02:39
A few少数 things to consider考虑 are having examples例子, stories故事
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可以考虑用一些例子、故事、
02:43
and analogies类比. Those are ways方法 to engage从事
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还有类比。这些都是使你们的谈论内容
02:44
and excite激发 us about your content内容.
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吸引我们、让我们兴奋的方法。
02:47
And when presenting呈现 your work, drop下降 the bullet子弹 points.
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还有在用幻灯片演示你们的研究成果时,不要使用点句式。
02:53
Have you ever wondered想知道 why they're called bullet子弹 points? (Laughter笑声)
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你想过为什么点句式符号叫"子弹"点儿吗?(笑声)
02:57
What do bullets子弹 do? Bullets子弹 kill,
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子弹是干什么的?子弹能杀人,
02:59
and they will kill your presentation介绍.
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也能灭了你的演示报告。
03:01
A slide滑动 like this is not only boring无聊, but it relies依赖 too much
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像这样的幻灯片不仅仅乏味无聊,而且太过依赖
03:06
on the language语言 area of our brain, and causes原因 us to become成为 overwhelmed不堪重负.
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我们大脑的语言区,使我们不知所措。
03:09
Instead代替, this example slide滑动 by Genevieve吉纳维夫 Brown棕色 is
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而这张由Genevieve Brown制作的示例幻灯片
03:13
much more effective有效. It's showing展示 that the special特别 structure结构体
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效果就好多了。它向我们说明骨小梁的特殊结构
03:16
of trabeculae小梁 are so strong强大 that they actually其实 inspired启发
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超级强大,甚至连埃菲尔铁塔的独特设计
03:20
the unique独特 design设计 of the Eiffel艾菲尔 Tower.
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都受到了它的启发。
03:23
And the trick here is to use a single, readable可读 sentence句子
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这里的窍门就是使用简单、易读的句子,
03:26
that the audience听众 can key into if they get a bit lost丢失,
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让观众即使有点儿不明白也能够掌握要点,
03:29
and then provide提供 visuals视觉效果 which哪一个 appeal上诉 to our other senses感官
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然后接下来提供一些能够刺激我们感官的图像,
03:33
and create创建 a deeper更深 sense of understanding理解
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并且能让我们对所描述的内容
03:35
of what's being存在 described描述.
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有更深层次的理解。
03:37
So I think these are just a few少数 keys按键 that can help
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以上这些就是我觉得能够帮助
03:40
the rest休息 of us to open打开 that door and see the wonderland仙境
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我们大家打开那扇大门的钥匙,感受科学与工程学
03:43
that is science科学 and engineering工程.
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仙境的好方法。
03:45
And because the engineers工程师 that I've worked工作 with have
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那么因为与我共事过的工程师们教会我
03:48
taught me to become成为 really in touch触摸 with my inner nerd书呆子,
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接触我内心存在的学术狂人,
03:52
I want to summarize总结 with an equation方程. (Laughter笑声)
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我想用一个方程式来总结一下我的观点。(笑声)
03:54
Take your science科学, subtract减去 your bullet子弹 points
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用你们研究的科学,减去你们的点句式
03:59
and your jargon行话, divide划分 by relevance关联,
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和术语,除以相关内容,
04:01
meaning含义 share分享 what's relevant相应 to the audience听众,
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就是要分享和观众有关的内容,
04:04
and multiply it by the passion that you have for
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再乘以你对自己正在从事的
04:07
this incredible难以置信 work that you're doing,
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这份神奇工作的激情,
04:09
and that is going to equal等于 incredible难以置信 interactions互动
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它就会等于:具备充分理解的、
04:12
that are full充分 of understanding理解.
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效果惊人的互动交流。
04:14
And so, scientists科学家们 and engineers工程师, when you've solved解决了
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因此,科学家和工程师们,当你们解决了
04:18
this equation方程, by all means手段, talk nerdy书呆子 to me. (Laughter笑声)
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这个方程式以后,就想尽一切办法,跟我说说高科技吧。(笑声)
04:23
Thank you. (Applause掌声)
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谢谢。(掌声)
Translated by Ivy Jingirl
Reviewed by Jing Xu

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Melissa Marshall - Communications teacher
Melissa Marshall aims to teach great communication skills to scientists and engineers, so that they can effectively share their work.

Why you should listen
Melissa Marshall is a crusader against bullet points and an evangelist for effective slide design in scientific presentations. She believes that the future depends on the innovations of scientists and engineers, and is passionate about helping them effectively tell the story of their work.

A faculty member with the Department of Communication Arts & Sciences at Penn State University, Melissa specializes in teaching speaking skills to engineering students and has also lectured at Harvard Medical School, the New York Academy of Sciences, Cornell University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Melissa is the co-founder and advisor for the Penn State Engineering Ambassadors, an award-winning science and engineering outreach communication program. She is also an organizer and the faculty advisor for TEDxPSU, a student-run TEDx event held at Penn State each year.

 

More profile about the speaker
Melissa Marshall | Speaker | TED.com