TED2010
Sir Ken Robinson: Bring on the learning revolution!
Sir Ken Robinson: Dajte revoluciju učenja!
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
9,209,583 views
U ovom pronicljivom, šaljivom nastavku njegovog bajkovitog govora iz 2006., Sir Ken Robinson daje razloge za radikalnu promjenu normiranih škola u učenje okrenuto ka pojedincu -- stvarajući uslove pod kojima se dječji prirodni talenti razvijaju.
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
I was here four years ago,
0
1000
2000
Ovdje sam bio prije četiri godine,
00:15
and I remember, at the time,
1
3000
2000
i sjećam se, da se tada
00:17
that the talks weren't put online.
2
5000
3000
govori nisu stavljali na internet;
00:20
I think they were given to TEDsters in a box,
3
8000
4000
Mislim da su ih TEDovcima davali,
00:24
a box set of DVDs,
4
12000
2000
u kompletima DVDova,
00:26
which they put on their shelves, where they are now.
5
14000
3000
koje su oni stavljali na svoje police, gdje još danas stoje.
00:29
(Laughter)
6
17000
2000
(Smijeh)
00:31
And actually, Chris called me
7
19000
2000
I Chris me nazvao
00:33
a week after I'd given my talk
8
21000
2000
sedmicu nakon mog govora
00:35
and he said, "We're going to start putting them online.
9
23000
2000
i rekao mi je, ''Počećemo ih postavljati na internet.
00:37
Can we put yours online?" And I said, "Sure."
10
25000
3000
''Smijemo li staviti tvoj na internet?'' Rekao sam, ''Naravno''.
00:40
And four years later,
11
28000
2000
I četiri godine kasnije,
00:42
as I said, it's been seen by four ...
12
30000
2000
kao što sam rekao, vidjelo ga je četiri ...
00:44
Well, it's been downloaded four million times.
13
32000
3000
U stvari, skinut je s interneta četiri miliona puta.
00:47
So I suppose you could multiply that by 20 or something
14
35000
3000
Pretpostavljam da to možete pomnožiti s 20 ili tako nešto
00:50
to get the number of people who've seen it.
15
38000
2000
kako biste dobili broj ljudi koji su ga vidjeli.
00:52
And, as Chris says, there is a hunger
16
40000
4000
I kako Chris kaže, postoji glad
00:56
for videos of me.
17
44000
2000
za mojim snimkama.
00:58
(Laughter)
18
46000
3000
(Smijeh)
01:01
(Applause)
19
49000
3000
(Aplauz)
01:06
... don't you feel?
20
54000
1000
... ne osjetite li?
01:07
(Laughter)
21
55000
3000
(Smijeh)
01:12
So, this whole event has been an elaborate build-up
22
60000
3000
Sve ovo je bilo smišljeno
01:15
to me doing another one for you, so here it is.
23
63000
4000
kako bih se još jednom pojavio pred vama, i, tu sam.
01:19
(Laughter)
24
67000
1000
(Smijeh)
01:22
Al Gore spoke
25
70000
2000
Na TED konferenciji prije četiri godine
01:24
at the TED conference I spoke at four years ago
26
72000
3000
na kojoj sam govorio, govorio je i Al Gore
01:27
and talked about the climate crisis.
27
75000
2000
o klimatskoj krizi.
01:29
And I referenced that
28
77000
2000
I pozvao sam se na to
01:31
at the end of my last talk.
29
79000
2000
na kraju mog posljednjeg govora.
01:33
So I want to pick up from there
30
81000
2000
Tako da tu želim nastaviti
01:35
because I only had 18 minutes, frankly.
31
83000
3000
jer sam, iskreno, imao samo 18 minuta.
01:38
So, as I was saying...
32
86000
2000
Kao što rekoh ...
01:40
(Laughter)
33
88000
5000
(Smijeh)
01:48
You see, he's right.
34
96000
2000
Vidite da je u pravu.
01:50
I mean, there is a major climate crisis, obviously,
35
98000
3000
Mislim, očito da postoji velika klimatska kriza.
01:53
and I think if people don't believe it, they should get out more.
36
101000
3000
Ako ljudi ne vjeruju u ovo, mislim da bi trebali bi izlaziti više.
01:56
(Laughter)
37
104000
3000
(Smijeh)
01:59
But I believe there's a second climate crisis,
38
107000
3000
Ali mislim da postoji i druga klimatska kriza
02:03
which is as severe,
39
111000
2000
koja je ozbiljna,
02:05
which has the same origins,
40
113000
3000
sa istim korjenima,
02:08
and that we have to deal with with the same urgency.
41
116000
3000
te da joj se moramo posvetiti jednako žurno.
02:11
And I mean by this --
42
119000
2000
A sa ovim mislim --
02:13
and you may say, by the way, "Look, I'm good.
43
121000
2000
vi ćete možda reći, ''Pa ja sam dobar.
02:15
I have one climate crisis;
44
123000
2000
Ja imam samo jednu krizu;
02:17
I don't really need the second one."
45
125000
3000
Ne treba mi druga''.
02:20
But this is a crisis of, not natural resources --
46
128000
2000
Ali ovo nije kriza prirodnih resursa
02:22
though I believe that's true --
47
130000
3000
iako mislim da je to istina,
02:25
but a crisis of human resources.
48
133000
2000
nego kriza ljudskih resursa.
02:27
I believe fundamentally,
49
135000
2000
Istinski vjerujem,
02:29
as many speakers have said during the past few days,
50
137000
2000
kao što je mnogo govornika reklo u proteklih par dana
02:31
that we make very poor use
51
139000
3000
da nedovoljno koristimo
02:34
of our talents.
52
142000
3000
naše talenate.
02:37
Very many people go through their whole lives
53
145000
2000
Mnogo ljudi prolaze kroz život
02:39
having no real sense of what their talents may be,
54
147000
3000
bez osjećaja za vlastiti talent,
02:42
or if they have any to speak of.
55
150000
2000
ili da li ga uopšte posjeduju.
02:44
I meet all kinds of people
56
152000
2000
Upoznajem razne ljude
02:46
who don't think they're really good at anything.
57
154000
3000
koji ne misle da su u bilo čemu dobri.
02:50
Actually, I kind of divide the world into two groups now.
58
158000
3000
U stvari, ja dijelim svijet u dvije grupe.
02:53
Jeremy Bentham, the great utilitarian philosopher,
59
161000
3000
Velikan praktične filozofije, Jeremy Bentham,
02:56
once spiked this argument.
60
164000
2000
upečatljivo je argumentovao.
02:58
He said, "There are two types of people in this world:
61
166000
2000
Rekao je, ''Na svijetu postoje dvije vrste ljudi,
03:00
those who divide the world into two types
62
168000
2000
oni koji dijele svijet u dvije vrste,
03:02
and those who do not."
63
170000
2000
i oni koji to ne čine.''
03:04
(Laughter)
64
172000
3000
(Smijeh)
03:09
Well, I do.
65
177000
2000
Ja to činim.
03:11
(Laughter)
66
179000
2000
(Smijeh)
03:16
I meet all kinds of people
67
184000
2000
Upoznajem razne vrste ljudi
03:18
who don't enjoy what they do.
68
186000
3000
koji ne uživaju u onom što rade.
03:21
They simply go through their lives
69
189000
2000
Jednostavno idu kroz život
03:23
getting on with it.
70
191000
2000
noseći se s time.
03:25
They get no great pleasure from what they do.
71
193000
2000
Ne nalaze veliko zadovoljstvo u onom što rade.
03:27
They endure it rather than enjoy it
72
195000
3000
Ustraju u tome, više nego da uživaju,
03:30
and wait for the weekend.
73
198000
3000
čekajući vikend.
03:33
But I also meet people
74
201000
2000
Ali upoznajem i ljude
03:35
who love what they do
75
203000
2000
koji vole ono što rade,
03:37
and couldn't imagine doing anything else.
76
205000
2000
koji ne mogu zamisliti da rade nešto drugo.
03:39
If you said to them, "Don't do this anymore," they'd wonder what you were talking about.
77
207000
3000
Ako im kažete, ''Prestani s tim poslom'', čudili bi Vam se.
03:42
Because it isn't what they do, it's who they are. They say,
78
210000
3000
Jer posao nije ono što rade, nego ono što su.
03:45
"But this is me, you know.
79
213000
2000
Oni kažu, ''Znaš, to sam ja.
03:47
It would be foolish for me to abandon this, because
80
215000
2000
Bilo bi glupo odreći se ovog, jer
03:49
it speaks to my most authentic self."
81
217000
2000
odgovara istinkom meni.''
03:51
And it's not true of enough people.
82
219000
3000
Ovo ne možemo reći za mnogo ljudi.
03:54
In fact, on the contrary, I think
83
222000
2000
U stvari, nasuprot, mislim
03:56
it's still true of a minority of people.
84
224000
2000
da su ovi ljudi u manjini,
03:58
I think there are many
85
226000
2000
i mislim da za ovo
04:00
possible explanations for it.
86
228000
2000
postoji mnogo mogućih objašnjenja.
04:02
And high among them
87
230000
2000
Visoko mjesto zauzima
04:04
is education,
88
232000
2000
obrazovanje,
04:06
because education, in a way,
89
234000
2000
jer obrazovanje, na neki način,
04:08
dislocates very many people
90
236000
2000
mnoge ljude pomjera
04:10
from their natural talents.
91
238000
2000
izvan njihovog prirodnog talenta.
04:12
And human resources are like natural resources;
92
240000
3000
Ljudski resursi su kao i prirodni resursi;
04:15
they're often buried deep.
93
243000
2000
često su duboko skriveni.
04:17
You have to go looking for them,
94
245000
2000
Morate ih tražiti.
04:19
they're not just lying around on the surface.
95
247000
2000
Nisu tek tako na površini.
04:21
You have to create the circumstances where they show themselves.
96
249000
3000
Morate stvoriti okolnosti u kojima će se pokazati.
04:24
And you might imagine
97
252000
2000
I možete već misliti,
04:26
education would be the way that happens,
98
254000
2000
obrazovanje bi bio taj put.
04:28
but too often it's not.
99
256000
2000
Ali prečesto to nije slučaj.
04:30
Every education system in the world
100
258000
2000
Svaki obrazovni sistem na svijetu
04:32
is being reformed at the moment
101
260000
2000
je u procesu reforme.
04:34
and it's not enough.
102
262000
2000
Ali to nije dovoljno.
04:36
Reform is no use anymore,
103
264000
2000
Reforma je beskorisna,
04:38
because that's simply improving a broken model.
104
266000
3000
jer naprosto podupire propali model.
04:41
What we need --
105
269000
2000
Ono što trebamo -
04:43
and the word's been used many times during the course of the past few days --
106
271000
2000
a ta riječ je mnogostruko upotrebljavana tokom posljednjih par dana -
04:45
is not evolution,
107
273000
2000
nije evolucija,
04:47
but a revolution in education.
108
275000
3000
nego revolucija obrazovanja.
04:50
This has to be transformed
109
278000
2000
Ona se mora transformisati
04:52
into something else.
110
280000
2000
u nešto drugo.
04:54
(Applause)
111
282000
5000
(Aplauz)
05:00
One of the real challenges
112
288000
2000
Jedan od stvarnih izazova
05:02
is to innovate fundamentally
113
290000
2000
je temeljita inovacija
05:04
in education.
114
292000
2000
u obrazovanju.
05:06
Innovation is hard
115
294000
2000
Inovacija je složena
05:08
because it means doing something
116
296000
2000
jer podrazumjeva raditi na nečemu
05:10
that people don't find very easy, for the most part.
117
298000
2000
što ljudi većim dijelom neće shvatiti.
05:12
It means challenging what we take for granted,
118
300000
3000
To znači izazivanje onoga što uzimamo za gotovo,
05:15
things that we think are obvious.
119
303000
3000
stvari koje smatramo očitim.
05:18
The great problem for reform
120
306000
2000
Velika prijetnja reformi
05:20
or transformation
121
308000
2000
ili transformaciji
05:22
is the tyranny of common sense;
122
310000
2000
je tiranija zdravog razuma -
05:24
things that people think,
123
312000
2000
stvari kod kojih ljudi misle,
05:26
"Well, it can't be done any other way because that's the way it's done."
124
314000
2000
''Može se uraditi na bilo koji drugi način jer se tako radi.''
05:28
I came across a great quote recently from Abraham Lincoln,
125
316000
3000
Nedavno sam naišao na sjajan citat Abrahama Lincolna,
05:31
who I thought you'd be pleased to have quoted at this point.
126
319000
3000
za koji sam mislio da biste ga voljeli čuti sada.
05:34
(Laughter)
127
322000
2000
(Smijeh)
05:36
He said this in December 1862
128
324000
3000
Decembra 1862. ovo je rekao
05:39
to the second annual meeting of Congress.
129
327000
3000
na drugom godišnjem sastanku Kongresa.
05:43
I ought to explain that I have no idea what was happening at the time.
130
331000
3000
Trebao bih objasniti da nemam predstave o zbivanjima tog vremena.
05:48
We don't teach American history in Britain.
131
336000
2000
Ne podučavamo američkoj historiji u Britaniji.
05:50
(Laughter)
132
338000
2000
(Smijeh)
05:52
We suppress it. You know, this is our policy.
133
340000
3000
Potiskujemo je. To je naša politika, znate.
05:55
(Laughter)
134
343000
2000
(Smijeh)
05:58
So, no doubt, something fascinating was happening in December 1862,
135
346000
2000
Bez sumnje, nešto zadivljujuće se dešavalo Decembra 1862.,
06:00
which the Americans among us
136
348000
2000
čega će se amerikanci među nama
06:02
will be aware of.
137
350000
2000
biti svjesni.
06:05
But he said this:
138
353000
2000
Ali je rekao ovo:
06:07
"The dogmas
139
355000
2000
Dogme
06:09
of the quiet past
140
357000
2000
tihe prošlosti
06:11
are inadequate to the stormy present.
141
359000
3000
nisu adekvatne za burnu sadašnjost.
06:14
The occasion
142
362000
2000
Prilika je
06:16
is piled high with difficulty,
143
364000
2000
pod teretom poteškoće,
06:18
and we must rise with the occasion."
144
366000
3000
a mi moramo rasti s prilikom.''
06:21
I love that.
145
369000
2000
Volim ovo.
06:23
Not rise to it, rise with it.
146
371000
3000
Ne - rasti do nje, nego sa njom.
06:27
"As our case is new,
147
375000
2000
''Kako je naš slučaj nov,
06:29
so we must think anew
148
377000
3000
moramo nanovo misliti
06:32
and act anew.
149
380000
3000
i djelovati.
06:35
We must disenthrall ourselves,
150
383000
3000
Moramo se osloboditi.
06:38
and then we shall save our country."
151
386000
3000
Tek tada ćemo spasiti našu državu.''
06:41
I love that word, "disenthrall."
152
389000
2000
Volim riječ, ''osloboditi se''.
06:43
You know what it means?
153
391000
2000
Da li znate njeno značenje?
06:45
That there are ideas that all of us are enthralled to,
154
393000
3000
Da postoje ideje koje sve nas očaravaju
06:48
which we simply take for granted
155
396000
2000
a koje su uzete za gotovo
06:50
as the natural order of things, the way things are.
156
398000
2000
kao prirodan tok stvari.
06:52
And many of our ideas
157
400000
2000
Mnoge od naših ideja
06:54
have been formed, not to meet the circumstances of this century,
158
402000
3000
su oblikovane, ne za prilike datog stoljeća,
06:57
but to cope with the circumstances of previous centuries.
159
405000
3000
nego da se nose s prethodnim stoljećima.
07:00
But our minds are still hypnotized by them,
160
408000
2000
Ali su naše misli još hipnotizirane njima,
07:02
and we have to disenthrall ourselves of some of them.
161
410000
3000
i mi se moramo osloboditi nekih od njih.
07:05
Now, doing this is easier said than done.
162
413000
3000
Ali uvijek je lakše pričati nego raditi.
07:08
It's very hard to know, by the way, what it is you take for granted. (Laughter)
163
416000
3000
Ali je veoma teško znati, šta zapravo uzimate za gotovo.
07:11
And the reason is that you take it for granted.
164
419000
3000
A razlog tome je to što uzimamo za gotovo.
07:14
So let me ask you something you may take for granted.
165
422000
3000
Dopustite da Vas pitam nešto što biste mogli uzeti za gotovo.
07:17
How many of you here are over the age of 25?
166
425000
3000
Koliko od Vas ovdje ima preko 25 godina?
07:20
That's not what I think you take for granted,
167
428000
2000
To nije što mislim da uzimate za gotovo.
07:22
I'm sure you're familiar with that already.
168
430000
2000
Siguran sam da ste već upoznati s tim.
07:24
Are there any people here under the age of 25?
169
432000
3000
Ima li iko ispod 25 godina?
07:27
Great. Now, those over 25,
170
435000
3000
Sjajno. A sada, oni preko 25,
07:30
could you put your hands up if you're wearing your wristwatch?
171
438000
3000
možete li podići ruku ako nosite ručni sat?
07:33
Now that's a great deal of us, isn't it?
172
441000
3000
Ovo je velika stvar od nas, zar ne?
07:36
Ask a room full of teenagers the same thing.
173
444000
3000
Pitajte sobu punu omladine da urade istu stvar.
07:39
Teenagers do not wear wristwatches.
174
447000
2000
Omladina ne nosi ručne satove.
07:41
I don't mean they can't or they're not allowed to,
175
449000
2000
Ne mislim da ne mogu niti da im je zabranjeno,
07:43
they just often choose not to.
176
451000
2000
nego jednostavno biraju da ih ne nose.
07:45
And the reason is, you see, that we were brought up
177
453000
2000
Vidite, razlog je da smo mi odgajani
07:47
in a pre-digital culture, those of us over 25.
178
455000
3000
u pred-digitalnom dobu, oni među nama preko 25.
07:50
And so for us, if you want to know the time
179
458000
2000
Tako da mi, želimo li znati vrijeme,
07:52
you have to wear something to tell it.
180
460000
2000
morate nešto nositi što vam ga govori.
07:54
Kids now live in a world which is digitized,
181
462000
3000
Sada djeca žive u svijetu koji je digitaliziran,
07:57
and the time, for them, is everywhere.
182
465000
2000
a vrijeme, za njih, je svugdje.
07:59
They see no reason to do this.
183
467000
2000
Ne vide razlog da to rade.
08:01
And by the way, you don't need to do it either;
184
469000
2000
Usput budi rečeno, ni Vi ovo ne morate raditi;
08:03
it's just that you've always done it and you carry on doing it.
185
471000
3000
nego ste to uvijek radili, pa samo nastavljate s tom navikom.
08:06
My daughter never wears a watch, my daughter Kate, who's 20.
186
474000
3000
Moja 20-godišnja kćerka Kate nikad ne nosi sat.
08:09
She doesn't see the point.
187
477000
2000
Ne vidi smisao u tome.
08:11
As she says, "It's a single function device."
188
479000
3000
On kaže, 'To je uređaj s jednom funkcijom.'
08:14
(Laughter)
189
482000
5000
(Smijeh)
08:19
"Like, how lame is that?"
190
487000
3000
''Kao, kako je to bezveze''
08:22
And I say, "No, no, it tells the date as well."
191
490000
2000
A ja kažem, ''Ne, ne, sat ti kazuje i datum.''
08:24
(Laughter)
192
492000
4000
(Smijeh)
08:29
"It has multiple functions."
193
497000
3000
''Ima više funkcija.''
08:32
But, you see, there are things we're enthralled to in education.
194
500000
3000
Ali, vidite, postoje stvari u obrazovanju za koje smo vezani.
08:35
Let me give you a couple of examples.
195
503000
2000
Dopustite da Vam dam par primjera.
08:37
One of them is the idea of linearity:
196
505000
3000
Jedan od njih je ideja linearnosti,
08:40
that it starts here and you go through a track
197
508000
3000
kada nešto počinje ovdje, ide jednom trakom,
08:43
and if you do everything right, you will end up
198
511000
2000
i ako uradite sve tačno, bićete
08:45
set for the rest of your life.
199
513000
2000
mirni za ostatak života.
08:49
Everybody who's spoken at TED has told us implicitly,
200
517000
2000
Svako ko je govorio za TED implicitno nam je ispričao,
08:51
or sometimes explicitly, a different story:
201
519000
3000
ili nekad eksplicitno, drugu priču,
08:54
that life is not linear; it's organic.
202
522000
3000
da život nije linearan, nego organski.
08:57
We create our lives symbiotically
203
525000
2000
Kreiramo naše živote simbiotički
08:59
as we explore our talents
204
527000
2000
dok otkrivamo vlastite talente
09:01
in relation to the circumstances they help to create for us.
205
529000
3000
u vezi s okolnostima koje nam se njima otvaraju.
09:04
But, you know, we have become obsessed
206
532000
2000
Ali, znate, postali smo opsjednuti
09:06
with this linear narrative.
207
534000
2000
tom linearnom pričom.
09:08
And probably the pinnacle for education
208
536000
2000
Vrtuljak obrazovanja je vjerovatno
09:10
is getting you to college.
209
538000
2000
odlazak na koledž.
09:12
I think we are obsessed with getting people to college.
210
540000
3000
Mislim da smo opsjednuti slanjem ljudi na koledže,
09:15
Certain sorts of college.
211
543000
2000
određene koledže.
09:17
I don't mean you shouldn't go to college, but not everybody needs to go
212
545000
2000
Ne mislim da ne biste trebali ići na koledž, ali ne mora svako ići,
09:19
and not everybody needs to go now.
213
547000
2000
niti svako mora ići sada.
09:21
Maybe they go later, not right away.
214
549000
2000
Možda će ići kasnije, ali ne iz istih stopa.
09:23
And I was up in San Francisco a while ago
215
551000
2000
Nedavno sam bio u San Francisku;
09:25
doing a book signing.
216
553000
2000
davao autograme na knjige.
09:27
There was this guy buying a book, he was in his 30s.
217
555000
2000
Jedan čovjek je kupovao knjigu, bio je u 30im godinama.
09:29
And I said, "What do you do?"
218
557000
2000
Rekao sam ''Čime se baviš?''
09:31
And he said, "I'm a fireman."
219
559000
3000
Rekao je ''Vatrogasac sam.''
09:34
And I said, "How long have you been a fireman?"
220
562000
2000
Ja sam rekao ''Koliko dugo već radiš taj posao?''
09:36
He said, "Always. I've always been a fireman."
221
564000
2000
''Oduvijek sam bio vatrogasac'', odgovorio je.
09:38
And I said, "Well, when did you decide?"
222
566000
2000
Upitao sam ''Pa kad si se na to odlučio?''
09:40
He said, "As a kid." He said, "Actually, it was a problem for me at school,
223
568000
3000
Odgovorio je ''Kao dječak''. ''Ustvari, imao sam problem u školi,
09:43
because at school, everybody wanted to be a fireman."
224
571000
3000
jer je u školi svak htio biti vatrogasac.''
09:46
He said, "But I wanted to be a fireman."
225
574000
3000
''Ali sam ja htio biti vatrogasac'', rekao je.
09:49
And he said, "When I got to the senior year of school,
226
577000
3000
I još je rekao, ''Kada sam stigao do završne godine u školi,
09:52
my teachers didn't take it seriously.
227
580000
3000
moj profesor me nije uzimao zaozbiljno.
09:55
This one teacher didn't take it seriously.
228
583000
2000
Ovaj jedan profesor me nije uzimao zaozbiljno.
09:57
He said I was throwing my life away
229
585000
2000
Rekao mi je da odbacujem vlastiti život
09:59
if that's all I chose to do with it;
230
587000
2000
ako je to za što sam se odlučio,
10:01
that I should go to college, I should become a professional person,
231
589000
3000
te da bih trebao ići na fakultet, da bih trebao postati stručnjak,
10:04
that I had great potential
232
592000
2000
te da imam veliki potencijal,
10:06
and I was wasting my talent to do that."
233
594000
2000
i da trošim vlastiti talenat na to.''
10:08
And he said, "It was humiliating because
234
596000
2000
''Bilo je ponižavajuće jer
10:10
he said it in front of the whole class and I really felt dreadful.
235
598000
2000
je to rekao pred čitavim razredom, i zaista sam se osjećao loše.
10:12
But it's what I wanted, and as soon as I left school,
236
600000
2000
Ali je to što sam htio, i čim sam završio školu,
10:14
I applied to the fire service and I was accepted."
237
602000
3000
prijavio sam se za vatrogasca i bio sam primljen.''
10:17
And he said, "You know, I was thinking about that guy recently,
238
605000
2000
I rekao je, ''Znate, razmišljao sam o ovom profesoru nedavno,
10:19
just a few minutes ago when you were speaking, about this teacher,"
239
607000
3000
dok ste govorili','
10:22
he said, "because six months ago,
240
610000
2000
rekao je, ''jer, prije šest mjeseci,
10:24
I saved his life."
241
612000
2000
spasio sam mu život.''
10:26
(Laughter)
242
614000
2000
(Smijeh)
10:28
He said, "He was in a car wreck,
243
616000
2000
Rekao je, ''Bio je smrskanom autu,
10:30
and I pulled him out, gave him CPR,
244
618000
3000
i ja sam ga izvukao, pružio sam mu vještačko disanje.
10:33
and I saved his wife's life as well."
245
621000
3000
Također sam spasio život njegove supruge.''
10:36
He said, "I think he thinks better of me now."
246
624000
2000
Rekao je, ''Mislim da sad ima ljepše mišljenje o meni.''
10:38
(Laughter)
247
626000
2000
(Smijeh)
10:40
(Applause)
248
628000
5000
(Aplauz)
10:46
You know, to me,
249
634000
2000
Po meni, znate,
10:48
human communities depend upon
250
636000
2000
ljudske zajednice ovise
10:50
a diversity of talent,
251
638000
2000
o različitosti talenata,
10:52
not a singular conception of ability.
252
640000
3000
a ne o jednom shvatanju sposobnosti.
10:55
And at the heart of our challenges --
253
643000
2000
A najveće od naših izazova --
10:57
(Applause)
254
645000
2000
(Aplauz)
10:59
At the heart of the challenge
255
647000
2000
Najveći izazov
11:01
is to reconstitute our sense of ability
256
649000
2000
je da nanovo usopostavimo osjećaj za mogućnosti
11:03
and of intelligence.
257
651000
2000
i inteligenciju.
11:05
This linearity thing is a problem.
258
653000
2000
Problem je u linearnosti stvari.
11:07
When I arrived in L.A.
259
655000
2000
Kada sam stigao u Los Angeles
11:09
about nine years ago,
260
657000
2000
prije devet godina,
11:11
I came across a policy statement --
261
659000
3000
naišao sam na političku izjavu,
11:14
very well-intentioned --
262
662000
2000
veoma dobronamjernu,
11:16
which said, "College begins in kindergarten."
263
664000
3000
koja kaže, ''Koledž počinje u vrtiću.''
11:21
No, it doesn't.
264
669000
2000
Ne, to nije tako.
11:23
(Laughter)
265
671000
3000
(Smijeh)
11:26
It doesn't.
266
674000
2000
Ne počinje.
11:28
If we had time, I could go into this, but we don't.
267
676000
3000
Da imam vremena, mogli bismo o ovome ali nećemo.
11:31
(Laughter)
268
679000
2000
(Smijeh)
11:33
Kindergarten begins in kindergarten.
269
681000
2000
Vrtić počinje u vrtiću.
11:35
(Laughter)
270
683000
2000
(Smijeh)
11:37
A friend of mine once said,
271
685000
2000
Jedan moj prijatelj je jednom rekao,
11:39
"You know, a three year-old is not half a six year-old."
272
687000
3000
''Znaš, trogodišnjak je upola mlađi od šestogodišnjaka.''
11:42
(Laughter)
273
690000
2000
(Smijeh)
11:44
(Applause)
274
692000
5000
(Aplauz)
11:49
They're three.
275
697000
2000
Trogodišnjak ima tri godine.
11:51
But as we just heard in this last session,
276
699000
2000
Kao što smo čuli u posljednjoj sesiji,
11:53
there's such competition now to get into kindergarten --
277
701000
3000
sada postoji natjecanje kako da bi se došlo u vrtić,
11:56
to get to the right kindergarten --
278
704000
2000
da bi se došlo u pravi vrtić,
11:58
that people are being interviewed for it at three.
279
706000
3000
da se trogodišnjaci intervjuišu za to.
12:03
Kids sitting in front of unimpressed panels,
280
711000
2000
Djeca sjede ispred neimpresioniranih komisija,
12:05
you know, with their resumes,
281
713000
2000
sa svojim biografijama,
12:07
(Laughter)
282
715000
3000
(Smijeh)
12:10
flipping through and saying, "Well, this is it?"
283
718000
2000
vrteći se i govoreći, ''Znači, to je to?''
12:12
(Laughter)
284
720000
2000
(Smijeh)
12:14
(Applause)
285
722000
3000
(Aplauz)
12:17
"You've been around for 36 months, and this is it?"
286
725000
3000
''Na svijetu si 36 mjeseci, i kažeš to je to?''
12:20
(Laughter)
287
728000
7000
(Smijeh)
12:27
"You've achieved nothing -- commit.
288
735000
3000
''Ne postižete ništa.
12:30
Spent the first six months breastfeeding, the way I can see it."
289
738000
3000
Proveo si prvih šest mjeseci dojeći, koliko ja znam.''
12:33
(Laughter)
290
741000
3000
(Smijeh)
12:38
See, it's outrageous as a conception, but it [unclear].
291
746000
3000
Vidite, kao zamisao ovo je nasilno, ali privlači ljude.
12:41
The other big issue is conformity.
292
749000
2000
Drugi veliki problem je saglasnost.
12:43
We have built our education systems
293
751000
2000
Stvorili smo obrazovni sistem
12:45
on the model of fast food.
294
753000
2000
po modelu brze hrane.
12:47
This is something Jamie Oliver talked about the other day.
295
755000
3000
Jamie Oliver je o ovome govorio prije par dana.
12:50
You know there are two models of quality assurance in catering.
296
758000
2000
Postoje dva modela za osiguranje kvaliteta u ugostiteljstvu.
12:52
One is fast food,
297
760000
2000
Jedan je brza hrana,
12:54
where everything is standardized.
298
762000
2000
gdje je sve normirano.
12:56
The other are things like Zagat and Michelin restaurants,
299
764000
2000
Drugi je, stvari poput Zagat i Michelin restorana,
12:58
where everything is not standardized,
300
766000
2000
gdje ništa nije normirano,
13:00
they're customized to local circumstances.
301
768000
2000
prilagođavaju se datim okolnostima.
13:02
And we have sold ourselves into a fast food model of education,
302
770000
3000
A mi smo se dali u model brze hrane u obrazovanju.
13:05
and it's impoverishing our spirit and our energies
303
773000
3000
I to osiromašuje naš duh i energiju
13:08
as much as fast food is depleting our physical bodies.
304
776000
3000
jednako kao što brza hrana iscrpljuje naše tjelo.
13:11
(Applause)
305
779000
5000
(Aplauz)
13:17
I think we have to recognize a couple of things here.
306
785000
2000
Mislim da moramo priznati par stvari.
13:19
One is that human talent is tremendously diverse.
307
787000
3000
Jedna je da je ljudski talenat strahovito raznolik.
13:22
People have very different aptitudes.
308
790000
2000
Ljudi imaju različite spremnosti.
13:24
I worked out recently that
309
792000
2000
Nedavno sam doznao
13:26
I was given a guitar as a kid
310
794000
2000
da sam kao dječak dobio gitaru
13:28
at about the same time that Eric Clapton got his first guitar.
311
796000
3000
u, otprilike, isto vrijeme kada je i Eric Clapton dobio svoju prvu gitaru.
13:32
You know, it worked out for Eric, that's all I'm saying.
312
800000
3000
Znate, kod Erica je funkcionisalo, to je sve hoću reći.
13:35
(Laughter)
313
803000
2000
(Smijeh)
13:37
In a way, it did not for me.
314
805000
2000
Nekako za mene nije.
13:39
I could not get this thing to work
315
807000
3000
Nisam mogao pokrenuti tu gitaru
13:42
no matter how often or how hard I blew into it.
316
810000
2000
bez obzira koliko često i jako sam puhao u nju.
13:44
(Laughter) It just wouldn't work.
317
812000
2000
Jednostavno nije htjelo.
13:49
But it's not only about that.
318
817000
2000
Ali nije stvar samo u tome.
13:51
It's about passion.
319
819000
2000
Radi se o strasti.
13:53
Often, people are good at things they don't really care for.
320
821000
2000
Često su ljudi dobri u stvarima do kojih im nije stalo.
13:55
It's about passion,
321
823000
2000
Radi se o strasti,
13:57
and what excites our spirit and our energy.
322
825000
3000
o onome šta uzbuđuje naš duh i energiju.
14:00
And if you're doing the thing that you love to do, that you're good at,
323
828000
3000
I ako radite stvar koju volite, u kojoj ste dobri,
14:03
time takes a different course entirely.
324
831000
3000
vrijeme teče potpuno drukčijim tokom.
14:06
My wife's just finished writing a novel,
325
834000
3000
Moja supruga je upravo završila svoj roman,
14:09
and I think it's a great book,
326
837000
2000
i mislim da je to sjajna knjiga,
14:11
but she disappears for hours on end.
327
839000
3000
ali ona satima radi na njoj.
14:14
You know this, if you're doing something you love,
328
842000
2000
Znate, ako radite ono što volite,
14:16
an hour feels like five minutes.
329
844000
3000
sat osjećate kao pet minuta.
14:19
If you're doing something that doesn't resonate with your spirit,
330
847000
2000
Ako radite nešto što nije u skladu s Vašim duhom,
14:21
five minutes feels like an hour.
331
849000
2000
pet minuta osjećate kao jedan sat.
14:23
And the reason so many people are opting out of education
332
851000
3000
Razlog zašto toliki broj ljudi napušta obrazovanje
14:26
is because it doesn't feed their spirit,
333
854000
2000
je zato što ono ne hrani njihov duh,
14:28
it doesn't feed their energy or their passion.
334
856000
3000
ono ne hrani njihovu energiju ili strast.
14:31
So I think we have to change metaphors.
335
859000
3000
Tako da mislim da bismo trebali mijenjati metafore.
14:34
We have to go from what is essentially an industrial model of education,
336
862000
3000
Moramo se micati od onoga šta je u srži industrijski model obrazovanja,
14:37
a manufacturing model,
337
865000
2000
model proizvodnje,
14:39
which is based on linearity
338
867000
2000
koji se bazira na linearnosti,
14:41
and conformity and batching people.
339
869000
3000
saglasnosti i grupiranju ljudi.
14:44
We have to move to a model
340
872000
2000
Moramo ići prema modelu
14:46
that is based more on principles of agriculture.
341
874000
3000
koji je baziran više na principima poljoprivrede.
14:49
We have to recognize that human flourishing
342
877000
3000
Moramo priznati da ljudski uspjeh
14:52
is not a mechanical process;
343
880000
2000
nije mehanički proces,
14:54
it's an organic process.
344
882000
2000
nego organiski.
14:56
And you cannot predict the outcome of human development.
345
884000
3000
Ne možete predvidjeti ishod ljuskog razvoja;
14:59
All you can do, like a farmer,
346
887000
2000
sve što možete je, poput zemljoradnika,
15:01
is create the conditions under which
347
889000
2000
stvoriti uslove pod kojima će
15:03
they will begin to flourish.
348
891000
2000
početi uspjevati.
15:05
So when we look at reforming education and transforming it,
349
893000
3000
Kada razmatramo reformu i transformaciju obrazovanja,
15:08
it isn't like cloning a system.
350
896000
3000
ne mislimo na kloniranje sistema.
15:11
There are great ones, like KIPP's; it's a great system.
351
899000
2000
Postoje sjajni primjeri -- KIPP je odličan sistem.
15:13
There are many great models.
352
901000
2000
Postoji mnogo dobrih modela.
15:15
It's about customizing to your circumstances
353
903000
3000
Radi se o prilagođavanju Vašim okolnostima,
15:18
and personalizing education
354
906000
2000
i obrazovanja
15:20
to the people you're actually teaching.
355
908000
2000
ljudima koje u stvari podučavate.
15:22
And doing that, I think,
356
910000
2000
Upravo to je, mislim,
15:24
is the answer to the future
357
912000
2000
odgovor za budućnost
15:26
because it's not about scaling a new solution;
358
914000
3000
jer se ne radi o preračunavanju novih rješenja;
15:29
it's about creating a movement in education
359
917000
2000
radi se o stvaranju pokreta u obrazovanju
15:31
in which people develop their own solutions,
360
919000
3000
u kojem ljudi razvijaju vlastita rješenja,
15:34
but with external support based on a personalized curriculum.
361
922000
3000
ali s vanjskom potporom baziranom na kurikulumu za pojedinca.
15:37
Now in this room,
362
925000
2000
Dakle, u ovoj prostoriji,
15:39
there are people who represent
363
927000
2000
ima ljudi koji predstavljaju
15:41
extraordinary resources in business,
364
929000
2000
izuzetnu pomoć u biznisu,
15:43
in multimedia, in the Internet.
365
931000
2000
multimediji, i internetu.
15:45
These technologies,
366
933000
2000
Ove tehnologije,
15:47
combined with the extraordinary talents of teachers,
367
935000
3000
kombinirane s izuzetnim talentom nastavnika,
15:50
provide an opportunity to revolutionize education.
368
938000
3000
nude mogućnost za revoluciju obrazovanja.
15:53
And I urge you to get involved in it
369
941000
2000
I pozivam Vas da se uključite u ovo
15:55
because it's vital, not just to ourselves,
370
943000
2000
jer je ovo ključno, ne samo za nas same,
15:57
but to the future of our children.
371
945000
2000
nego za budućnost naše djece.
15:59
But we have to change from the industrial model
372
947000
2000
Ali moramo promijeniti industrijski model
16:01
to an agricultural model,
373
949000
2000
za poljoprivredni model,
16:03
where each school can be flourishing tomorrow.
374
951000
3000
gdje se svakoj školi nudi da se razvija sutra.
16:06
That's where children experience life.
375
954000
2000
Tu djeca doživljavaju život.
16:08
Or at home, if that's where they choose to be educated
376
956000
2000
Ili kod kuće, ako se tu odluče obrazovati
16:10
with their families or their friends.
377
958000
2000
s porodicama ili prijateljima.
16:12
There's been a lot of talk about dreams
378
960000
2000
Mnogo se govorilo o snovima
16:14
over the course of this few days.
379
962000
3000
tokom posljednjih par dana.
16:17
And I wanted to just very quickly ...
380
965000
2000
A ja sam veoma kratko --
16:19
I was very struck by Natalie Merchant's songs last night,
381
967000
3000
Bio sam veoma pogođen pjesmama Natalie Merchant sinoć,
16:22
recovering old poems.
382
970000
2000
oživljavanje starih pjesama.
16:24
I wanted to read you a quick, very short poem
383
972000
2000
Želio bih Vam kratko pročitati, kratku pjesmu
16:26
from W. B. Yeats, who some of you may know.
384
974000
3000
W.B. Yeatsa, koga možda poznajete.
16:29
He wrote this to his love,
385
977000
2000
Napisao je svojoj ljubavi,
16:31
Maud Gonne,
386
979000
2000
Maud Gonne,
16:33
and he was bewailing the fact that
387
981000
3000
žalio je za činjenicom
16:36
he couldn't really give her what he thought she wanted from him.
388
984000
3000
da joj nije mogao dati ono što je mislio da je tražila od njega.
16:39
And he says, "I've got something else, but it may not be for you."
389
987000
3000
Kaže: ''Imam nešto drugo, možda ne za tebe.''
16:42
He says this:
390
990000
2000
Kaže dalje:
16:44
"Had I the heavens' embroidered cloths,
391
992000
3000
''Da imam nebeski protkane krpe,
16:47
Enwrought with gold
392
995000
2000
ukrašenu zlatom
16:49
and silver light,
393
997000
2000
i svjetlom srebrenim,
16:51
The blue and the dim
394
999000
2000
Plave i prigušene
16:53
and the dark cloths
395
1001000
2000
i crne krpe
16:55
Of night and light and the half-light,
396
1003000
3000
noći i svjetla i sumraka,
16:58
I would spread the cloths under your feet:
397
1006000
3000
prosto bih ih pod noge tvoje;
17:01
But I, being poor,
398
1009000
3000
Ali ja, siromah,
17:04
have only my dreams;
399
1012000
3000
samo imam snove;
17:07
I have spread my dreams under your feet;
400
1015000
3000
Prostro sam snove pod noge tvoje;
17:10
Tread softly
401
1018000
2000
Lagano gazi
17:12
because you tread on my dreams."
402
1020000
3000
jer ti mojim snovima gaziš.''
17:15
And every day, everywhere,
403
1023000
3000
Svaki dan, svugdje,
17:18
our children spread their dreams beneath our feet.
404
1026000
3000
naša djeca šire svoje snove pod naše noge.
17:21
And we should tread softly.
405
1029000
3000
I trebali bismo lagano hoditi.
17:24
Thank you.
406
1032000
2000
Hvala Vam.
17:26
(Applause)
407
1034000
17000
(Aplauz)
17:43
Thank you very much.
408
1051000
2000
Hvala Vam puno.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com