TED2010
Sir Ken Robinson: Bring on the learning revolution!
Sir Ken Robinson: Pokrenimo revoluciju učenja!
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U ovom zajedljivom, zabavnom nastavku svog slavnog govora iz 2006. Sir Ken Robinson se zalaže za korjenitu promjenu od standardiziranih škola k personaliziranom učenju -- stvaranjem uvjeta u kojima će dječja prirodna nadarenost procvjetati.
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
I was here four years ago,
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Bio sam ovdje prije četiri godine,
00:15
and I remember, at the time,
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i sjećam se kako tada
00:17
that the talks weren't put online.
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govore nisu stavljali na Internet;
00:20
I think they were given to TEDsters in a box,
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mislim da su ih TEDovci dobivali u kutiji,
00:24
a box set of DVDs,
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kao komplet DVDova,
00:26
which they put on their shelves, where they are now.
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koje su odlagali na svoje police, gdje su još i danas.
00:29
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:31
And actually, Chris called me
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I, zapravo, Chris me nazvao
00:33
a week after I'd given my talk
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tjedan dana nakon mog govora
00:35
and he said, "We're going to start putting them online.
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i rakao mi: "Početi ćemo ih objavljivati na Internetu.
00:37
Can we put yours online?" And I said, "Sure."
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Smijemo li staviti i tvoj?" A ja sam odgovorio: "Naravno."
00:40
And four years later,
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I četiri godine kasnije,
00:42
as I said, it's been seen by four ...
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kao što rekoh, vidjelo ga je četiri...
00:44
Well, it's been downloaded four million times.
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Mislim, preuzet je četiri milijuna puta.
00:47
So I suppose you could multiply that by 20 or something
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Pretpostavljam kako to možete pomnožiti s 20 ili tako nešto
00:50
to get the number of people who've seen it.
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i dobiti koliko ga je ljudi vidjelo.
00:52
And, as Chris says, there is a hunger
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I, kao što Chris kaže, postoji glad
00:56
for videos of me.
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za mojim snimkama.
00:58
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:01
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
01:06
... don't you feel?
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... zar ne osjećate?
01:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:12
So, this whole event has been an elaborate build-up
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Dakle, sve je to bilo smišljeno kako bih
01:15
to me doing another one for you, so here it is.
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se opet pojavim pred vama. Pa, eto, tu sam.
01:19
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:22
Al Gore spoke
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Al Gore je govorio
01:24
at the TED conference I spoke at four years ago
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na istom TEDu prije četiri godine
01:27
and talked about the climate crisis.
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o klimatskoj krizi.
01:29
And I referenced that
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I ja sam se osvrnuo na to
01:31
at the end of my last talk.
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na kraju mog prošlog govora.
01:33
So I want to pick up from there
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Želio bih nastaviti od toga
01:35
because I only had 18 minutes, frankly.
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jer sam iskreno imao samo 18 minuta na raspolaganju.
01:38
So, as I was saying...
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Dakle, tada sam rekao...
01:40
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:48
You see, he's right.
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Vidite, on je u pravu.
01:50
I mean, there is a major climate crisis, obviously,
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Mislim, očigledno imamo veliku klimatsku krizu.
01:53
and I think if people don't believe it, they should get out more.
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I ako ljudi u to ne vjeruju, trebali bi više izlaziti.
01:56
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:59
But I believe there's a second climate crisis,
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Ali, ja vjerujem, kako postoji i druga klimatska kriza,
02:03
which is as severe,
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koja je jednako ozbiljna,
02:05
which has the same origins,
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koja ima isto podrijetlo,
02:08
and that we have to deal with with the same urgency.
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i s kojom se moramo jednako žurno pozabaviti.
02:11
And I mean by this --
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I pod time mislim --
02:13
and you may say, by the way, "Look, I'm good.
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znam kako možete reći: "Gle, meni je i ovako dobro
02:15
I have one climate crisis;
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imam samo jednu krizu;
02:17
I don't really need the second one."
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zbilja mi ne treba još jedna.
02:20
But this is a crisis of, not natural resources --
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Ali ovo nije kriza prirodnih resursa,
02:22
though I believe that's true --
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iako mislim da je to istina,
02:25
but a crisis of human resources.
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nego je to kriza ljudskih resursa.
02:27
I believe fundamentally,
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Istinski vjerujem,
02:29
as many speakers have said during the past few days,
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kao što su mnogi govornici proteklih par dana rekli,
02:31
that we make very poor use
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kako ne koristimo dovoljno
02:34
of our talents.
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svoju nadarenost.
02:37
Very many people go through their whole lives
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Mnogi ljudi prožive cijeli život
02:39
having no real sense of what their talents may be,
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ne znajući u punom smislu koji su njihovi talenti,
02:42
or if they have any to speak of.
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odnosno, imaju li ih uopće?
02:44
I meet all kinds of people
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Srećem sve vrste ljudi
02:46
who don't think they're really good at anything.
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koji misle kako u ničemu nisu posebni.
02:50
Actually, I kind of divide the world into two groups now.
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Zapravo, danas ljude dijelim u dvije skupine.
02:53
Jeremy Bentham, the great utilitarian philosopher,
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Jeremy Bentham, veliki filozof,
02:56
once spiked this argument.
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jednom je o tome rekao:
02:58
He said, "There are two types of people in this world:
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"Postoje dvije vrste ljudi,
03:00
those who divide the world into two types
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oni koji dijele ljude na dvije vrste
03:02
and those who do not."
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i oni koji to ne čine."
03:04
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:09
Well, I do.
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Dobro, ja ih dijelim.
03:11
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:16
I meet all kinds of people
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Srećem sve vrste ljudi
03:18
who don't enjoy what they do.
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koji ne uživaju u onome što rade.
03:21
They simply go through their lives
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Jednostavno prolaze kroz svoj život
03:23
getting on with it.
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nastavljajući s time.
03:25
They get no great pleasure from what they do.
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Ne uživaju previše u tome što rade.
03:27
They endure it rather than enjoy it
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Podnose to, umjesto da uživaju,
03:30
and wait for the weekend.
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i čekaju vikend.
03:33
But I also meet people
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Ali također srećem ljude
03:35
who love what they do
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koji vole to što rade
03:37
and couldn't imagine doing anything else.
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i ne mogu zamisliti kako bi radili bilo što drugo.
03:39
If you said to them, "Don't do this anymore," they'd wonder what you were talking about.
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Kad biste im rekli: "Nemoj to više raditi", čudili bi se o čemu vi to govorite.
03:42
Because it isn't what they do, it's who they are. They say,
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Jer, ne radi se o tome što rade, već tko su. Oni kažu:
03:45
"But this is me, you know.
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"Ali to sam ja, znaš.
03:47
It would be foolish for me to abandon this, because
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Bilo bi glupo da to odbacim, jer
03:49
it speaks to my most authentic self."
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to govori upravo o meni."
03:51
And it's not true of enough people.
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Ali to nije istina za mnoge ljude.
03:54
In fact, on the contrary, I think
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Zapravo, čak suprotno, mislim
03:56
it's still true of a minority of people.
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kako to vrijedi tek za manjinu.
03:58
I think there are many
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Mislim kako postoje mnoga
04:00
possible explanations for it.
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moguća objašnjenja za to.
04:02
And high among them
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Visoko na popisu
04:04
is education,
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je obrazovanje,
04:06
because education, in a way,
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jer obrazovanje, na neki način,
04:08
dislocates very many people
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udaljava mnoge ljude
04:10
from their natural talents.
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od onoga za što su prirodno nadareni.
04:12
And human resources are like natural resources;
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A ljudski su resursi poput prirodnih;
04:15
they're often buried deep.
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često su duboko zakopani.
04:17
You have to go looking for them,
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Morate ih tražiti.
04:19
they're not just lying around on the surface.
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Ne leže uokolo na površini.
04:21
You have to create the circumstances where they show themselves.
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Morate stvoriti uvjete unutar kojih se pokažu.
04:24
And you might imagine
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I mogli biste zamisliti
04:26
education would be the way that happens,
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kako je obrazovanje način da se to dogodi.
04:28
but too often it's not.
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Ali prečesto tome nije tako.
04:30
Every education system in the world
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Svaki obrazovni sustav na svijetu
04:32
is being reformed at the moment
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prolazi kroz reformu u ovom trenutku.
04:34
and it's not enough.
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Ali to nije dovoljno.
04:36
Reform is no use anymore,
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Od reforme više nemamo koristi,
04:38
because that's simply improving a broken model.
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jer je to tek popravljanje pokvarenog modela.
04:41
What we need --
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Ono što trebamo --
04:43
and the word's been used many times during the course of the past few days --
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a ta je riječ korištena mnogo puta u ovih nekoliko danas --
04:45
is not evolution,
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nije evolucija,
04:47
but a revolution in education.
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već revolucija u obrazovanju.
04:50
This has to be transformed
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Ono se mora preobraziti
04:52
into something else.
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u nešto potpuno drugačije.
04:54
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
05:00
One of the real challenges
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Jedan od velikih izazova
05:02
is to innovate fundamentally
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jest temeljna preobrazba
05:04
in education.
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obrazovanja.
05:06
Innovation is hard
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Inovacija je teška
05:08
because it means doing something
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jer to znači kako treba raditi nešto
05:10
that people don't find very easy, for the most part.
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što mnogi ljudi doživljavaju teškim.
05:12
It means challenging what we take for granted,
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To znači izazvati ono što uzimamo zdravo za gotovo,
05:15
things that we think are obvious.
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stvari za koje mislimo kako su očigledne.
05:18
The great problem for reform
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Veliki problem za reformu
05:20
or transformation
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ili preobrazbu
05:22
is the tyranny of common sense;
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jest tiranija zdravog razuma,
05:24
things that people think,
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stvari za koje ljudi misle,
05:26
"Well, it can't be done any other way because that's the way it's done."
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"To se ne može raditi drugačije, jer je ovo (jedini) način da se to napravi."
05:28
I came across a great quote recently from Abraham Lincoln,
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Naišao sam nedavno na veliki citat Abrahama Lincolna,
05:31
who I thought you'd be pleased to have quoted at this point.
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za koji mi se čini kako biste ga sada voljeli čuti.
05:34
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:36
He said this in December 1862
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Rekao je ovo u prosincu 1862.
05:39
to the second annual meeting of Congress.
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na drugom godišnjem zasjedanju Kongresa.
05:43
I ought to explain that I have no idea what was happening at the time.
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Moram objasniti kako nemam pojma što se tada događalo.
05:48
We don't teach American history in Britain.
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Mi ne poučavamo američku povijest u Britaniji.
05:50
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:52
We suppress it. You know, this is our policy.
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Mi ju potiskujemo. Znate, to je naša politika.
05:55
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:58
So, no doubt, something fascinating was happening in December 1862,
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Dakle, bez sumnje, nešto fascinantno se događalo u prosincu 1862.
06:00
which the Americans among us
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čega će, Amerikanci među nama,
06:02
will be aware of.
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biti svjesni.
06:05
But he said this:
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Rekao je ovo:
06:07
"The dogmas
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"Dogme
06:09
of the quiet past
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mirne prošlosti
06:11
are inadequate to the stormy present.
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ne odgovaraju olujnoj sadašnjosti.
06:14
The occasion
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Situacija
06:16
is piled high with difficulty,
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je prepuna teškoća
06:18
and we must rise with the occasion."
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i mi se moramo prilagoditi situaciji."
06:21
I love that.
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Sviđa mi se to.
06:23
Not rise to it, rise with it.
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Ne riješiti, već prilagoditi.
06:27
"As our case is new,
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"S obzirom da je problem nov,
06:29
so we must think anew
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moramo misliti na nov način
06:32
and act anew.
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i djelovati na nov način,
06:35
We must disenthrall ourselves,
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moramo se osloboditi starog
06:38
and then we shall save our country."
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i onda ćemo spasiti domovinu."
06:41
I love that word, "disenthrall."
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Sviđa mi se ta riječ "osloboditi".
06:43
You know what it means?
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Znate li što to znači?
06:45
That there are ideas that all of us are enthralled to,
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Postoje ideje kojima svi robujemo,
06:48
which we simply take for granted
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koje uzimamo zdravo za gotovo
06:50
as the natural order of things, the way things are.
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kao prirodni poredak, kako stvari moraju biti.
06:52
And many of our ideas
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A mnoge od naših ideja
06:54
have been formed, not to meet the circumstances of this century,
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su oblikovane, ne kako bi riješile okolnosti ovog stoljeća,
06:57
but to cope with the circumstances of previous centuries.
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već kako bi se nosile s okolnostima prošlih stoljeća.
07:00
But our minds are still hypnotized by them,
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Ali su naši umovi još uvijek opčinjeni njima.
07:02
and we have to disenthrall ourselves of some of them.
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I mi se moramo osloboditi nekih od njih.
07:05
Now, doing this is easier said than done.
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No, to je lakše reći nego učiniti.
07:08
It's very hard to know, by the way, what it is you take for granted. (Laughter)
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Usput budi rečeno, vrlo je teško prepoznati što uzimamo zdravo za gotovo.
07:11
And the reason is that you take it for granted.
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A razlog je što to uzimamo zdravo za gotovo.
07:14
So let me ask you something you may take for granted.
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Dozvolite da vas pitam nešto što možda uzimate zdravo za gotovo.
07:17
How many of you here are over the age of 25?
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Koliko vas je starije od 25 godina?
07:20
That's not what I think you take for granted,
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To nije ono što mislim da uzimate zdravo za gotovo.
07:22
I'm sure you're familiar with that already.
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Siguran sam kako ste s time već upoznati.
07:24
Are there any people here under the age of 25?
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Ima li ovdje netko mlađi od 25 godina?
07:27
Great. Now, those over 25,
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Izvrsno. Sada, ovi preko 25,
07:30
could you put your hands up if you're wearing your wristwatch?
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možete li dignuti ruke u zrak ako nosite sat?
07:33
Now that's a great deal of us, isn't it?
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To je većina nas, zar ne?
07:36
Ask a room full of teenagers the same thing.
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Probajte pitati isto pitanje sobu punu tinejdžera.
07:39
Teenagers do not wear wristwatches.
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Tinejdžeri ne nose satove.
07:41
I don't mean they can't or they're not allowed to,
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Ne želim reći kako to ne znaju ili ne smiju raditi,
07:43
they just often choose not to.
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oni često jednostavno odluče kako to ne žele.
07:45
And the reason is, you see, that we were brought up
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Vidite, razlog je u tome što smo mi odrasli
07:47
in a pre-digital culture, those of us over 25.
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u pred-digitalnoj kulturi, mi stariji od 25.
07:50
And so for us, if you want to know the time
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A za nas to znači, da ako želiš znati koliko je sati,
07:52
you have to wear something to tell it.
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moraš nositi nešto što će ti to pokazati.
07:54
Kids now live in a world which is digitized,
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Djeca danas žive u svijetu koji je digitaliziran,
07:57
and the time, for them, is everywhere.
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i za njih je vrijeme posvuda.
07:59
They see no reason to do this.
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Ne vide razlog zašto bi to činili.
08:01
And by the way, you don't need to do it either;
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I, usput budi rečeno, ni vi ne trebate;
08:03
it's just that you've always done it and you carry on doing it.
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radi se samo o tome da ste to uvijek radili i nastavljate to raditi.
08:06
My daughter never wears a watch, my daughter Kate, who's 20.
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Moja kćer, Kate kojoj je 20, nikad ne nosi sat.
08:09
She doesn't see the point.
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Ona ne vidi svrhu.
08:11
As she says, "It's a single function device."
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Kao što kaže; "To je uređaj sa samo jednom funkcijom."
08:14
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:19
"Like, how lame is that?"
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"Kako je to jadno!"
08:22
And I say, "No, no, it tells the date as well."
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A ja kažem, "Ne, ne, pokazuje i datum."
08:24
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:29
"It has multiple functions."
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"Ima više funkcija."
08:32
But, you see, there are things we're enthralled to in education.
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Vidite, ima stvari kojima robujemo u obrazovanju.
08:35
Let me give you a couple of examples.
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Dati ću vam nekoliko primjera.
08:37
One of them is the idea of linearity:
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Jedna od njih je ideja linearnosti,
08:40
that it starts here and you go through a track
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kako počinjemo ovdje, i ako se držimo pravila,
08:43
and if you do everything right, you will end up
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i sve činimo kako treba, završit ćemo,
08:45
set for the rest of your life.
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osigurani za cijeli život.
08:49
Everybody who's spoken at TED has told us implicitly,
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Svi koji su govorili na TEDu, implicitno su nam rekli,
08:51
or sometimes explicitly, a different story:
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a ponekad i eksplicite, sasvim drugačiju priču,
08:54
that life is not linear; it's organic.
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život nije linearan, već organski.
08:57
We create our lives symbiotically
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Svoje živote stvaramo simbiotski
08:59
as we explore our talents
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dok istražujemo svoje talente,
09:01
in relation to the circumstances they help to create for us.
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u odnosu na okolnosti koje nam pomažu stvoriti za nas.
09:04
But, you know, we have become obsessed
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Ali znate, postali smo opsjednuti
09:06
with this linear narrative.
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tom linearnom pripovjetkom.
09:08
And probably the pinnacle for education
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I vjerojatno je vrhunac obrazovanja
09:10
is getting you to college.
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upisati se na fakultet.
09:12
I think we are obsessed with getting people to college.
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Mislim kako smo opsjednuti time da se ljudi upišu na fakultet,
09:15
Certain sorts of college.
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fakultet određene vrste.
09:17
I don't mean you shouldn't go to college, but not everybody needs to go
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Ne želim vam reći kako ne treba ići na fakultet, ali ne trebaju ići svi,
09:19
and not everybody needs to go now.
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i ne trebaju svi ići sada.
09:21
Maybe they go later, not right away.
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Možda će ići kasnije, ali ne odmah.
09:23
And I was up in San Francisco a while ago
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Prije nekog vremena bio sam u San Franciscu
09:25
doing a book signing.
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potpisujući svoju knjigu.
09:27
There was this guy buying a book, he was in his 30s.
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Tamo je jedan čovjek kupovao knjigu, bio je u 30tim.
09:29
And I said, "What do you do?"
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I rekao sam mu: "Čime se bavite?"
09:31
And he said, "I'm a fireman."
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I on je odgovorio: "Ja sam vatrogasac."
09:34
And I said, "How long have you been a fireman?"
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A ja sam pitao: "Koliko ste dugo vatrogasac?"
09:36
He said, "Always. I've always been a fireman."
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Odgovorio je: "Oduvijek, ja sam oduvijek vatrogasac."
09:38
And I said, "Well, when did you decide?"
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A ja sam pitao: "Kad ste to odlučili?"
09:40
He said, "As a kid." He said, "Actually, it was a problem for me at school,
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"Još kao dječak. Zapravo, to mi je bio problem u školi,
09:43
because at school, everybody wanted to be a fireman."
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jer su svi u školi htjeli biti vatrogasci."
09:46
He said, "But I wanted to be a fireman."
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On je rekao: "Ali ja sam zaista htio biti vatrogasac."
09:49
And he said, "When I got to the senior year of school,
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I nastavio, "Kada sam došao u više razrede,
09:52
my teachers didn't take it seriously.
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učitelji me nisu shvaćali ozbiljno.
09:55
This one teacher didn't take it seriously.
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Jedan od učitelj to posebno nije mogao prihvatiti.
09:57
He said I was throwing my life away
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Rekao mi je kako odbacujem svoj život
09:59
if that's all I chose to do with it;
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ako je to sve što želim s njim učiniti,
10:01
that I should go to college, I should become a professional person,
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kako bih trebao ići na fakultet, trebao bih postati profesionalac,
10:04
that I had great potential
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kako imam veliki potencijal,
10:06
and I was wasting my talent to do that."
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i kako ću ga upropastiti."
10:08
And he said, "It was humiliating because
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Rekao mi je: "Bilo je to ponižavajuće jer
10:10
he said it in front of the whole class and I really felt dreadful.
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je to rekao pred cijelim razredom, i stvarno sam se grozno osjećao.
10:12
But it's what I wanted, and as soon as I left school,
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Ali ja sam to htio i čim sam napustio školu,
10:14
I applied to the fire service and I was accepted."
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prijavio sam se u vatrogasce a oni su me primili."
10:17
And he said, "You know, I was thinking about that guy recently,
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Nastavio je, "Znate, nedavno sam razmišljao o tom učitelju,
10:19
just a few minutes ago when you were speaking, about this teacher,"
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prije par minuta dok ste govorili, o tom učitelju,
10:22
he said, "because six months ago,
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jer pije šest mjeseci,
10:24
I saved his life."
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spasio sam mu život."
10:26
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:28
He said, "He was in a car wreck,
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"Bio je u zgnječenom autu
10:30
and I pulled him out, gave him CPR,
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i izvukao sam ga, dao sam mu umjetno disanje,
10:33
and I saved his wife's life as well."
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i spasio sam također život njegove žene."
10:36
He said, "I think he thinks better of me now."
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"Mislim kako sada ima bolje mišljenje o meni."
10:38
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:40
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
10:46
You know, to me,
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Znate, ja mislim kako
10:48
human communities depend upon
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ljudske zajednice ovise o
10:50
a diversity of talent,
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raznolikosti talenata,
10:52
not a singular conception of ability.
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a ne samo o jednoj jedinoj vrsti sposobnosti.
10:55
And at the heart of our challenges --
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A u srcu naših izazova --
10:57
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
10:59
At the heart of the challenge
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U srcu naših izazova
11:01
is to reconstitute our sense of ability
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jest ponovo uspostaviti naš osjećaj za vlastitu sposobnost
11:03
and of intelligence.
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i za našu inteligenciju.
11:05
This linearity thing is a problem.
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Ta linearnost je problem.
11:07
When I arrived in L.A.
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Kada sam stigao u Los Angeles,
11:09
about nine years ago,
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prije devet godina,
11:11
I came across a policy statement --
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naišao sam na izjavu,
11:14
very well-intentioned --
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dobronamjernu izjavu,
11:16
which said, "College begins in kindergarten."
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"Fakultet započinje u vrtiću."
11:21
No, it doesn't.
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Ne, ne počinje.
11:23
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:26
It doesn't.
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Ne počinje.
11:28
If we had time, I could go into this, but we don't.
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Kada bismo imali vremena, ušao bih dublje, ali nemamo.
11:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:33
Kindergarten begins in kindergarten.
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Dječji vrtić počinje u dječjem vrtiću.
11:35
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:37
A friend of mine once said,
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Moj prijatelj je jednom rekao:
11:39
"You know, a three year-old is not half a six year-old."
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"Znaš, trogodišnjak nije pola šestogodišnjaka."
11:42
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:44
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
11:49
They're three.
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Oni imaju tri godine.
11:51
But as we just heard in this last session,
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Ali kao što smo upravu čuli u prošlom predavanju,
11:53
there's such competition now to get into kindergarten --
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postoji konkurencija za upis u dječji vrtić,
11:56
to get to the right kindergarten --
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za upis u pravi dječji vrtić,
11:58
that people are being interviewed for it at three.
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da djecu od tri godine intervjuiraju za upis.
12:03
Kids sitting in front of unimpressed panels,
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Djeca sjede pred namrštenom komisijom,
12:05
you know, with their resumes,
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koja, znate, gleda njihove životopise,
12:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:10
flipping through and saying, "Well, this is it?"
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listaju ih i kažu: "Što, to je sve?"
12:12
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:14
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
12:17
"You've been around for 36 months, and this is it?"
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"Postojiš već 36 mjeseci i to je sve?"
12:20
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:27
"You've achieved nothing -- commit.
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"Ništa nisi postigao, priznaj.
12:30
Spent the first six months breastfeeding, the way I can see it."
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Koliko ja mogu vidjeti, prvih si šest mjeseci samo sisao."
12:33
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:38
See, it's outrageous as a conception, but it [unclear].
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Vidite, to je zgražavajuća zamisao, ali privlači ljude.
12:41
The other big issue is conformity.
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Drugi veliki problem je konformizam.
12:43
We have built our education systems
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Izgradili smo naš obrazovni sustav
12:45
on the model of fast food.
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na modelu brze hrane.
12:47
This is something Jamie Oliver talked about the other day.
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To je nešto o čemu je Jamie Oliver govorio neki dan.
12:50
You know there are two models of quality assurance in catering.
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Znate, postoje dva modela osiguranja kvalitete u opskrbi hranom.
12:52
One is fast food,
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Jedan je brza hrana
12:54
where everything is standardized.
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u kojoj je sve standardizirano.
12:56
The other are things like Zagat and Michelin restaurants,
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Drugi je poput restorana Zagat i Michelin,
12:58
where everything is not standardized,
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u kojima ništa nije standardizirano,
13:00
they're customized to local circumstances.
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oni su prilagođeni lokalnim uvjetima.
13:02
And we have sold ourselves into a fast food model of education,
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A mi smo se prodali modelu brze prehrane u obrazovanju.
13:05
and it's impoverishing our spirit and our energies
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A to osiromašuje naš duh i naše energije
13:08
as much as fast food is depleting our physical bodies.
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jednako brzo kao što brza hrana troši naša fizička tijela.
13:11
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
13:17
I think we have to recognize a couple of things here.
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Mislim kako moramo prepoznati nekoliko stvari ovdje.
13:19
One is that human talent is tremendously diverse.
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Prva je kako je ljudski talent nezamislivo raznolik.
13:22
People have very different aptitudes.
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Ljudi imaju različite sklonosti.
13:24
I worked out recently that
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Nedavno sam shvatio
13:26
I was given a guitar as a kid
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kako sam dobio gitaru kao dijete
13:28
at about the same time that Eric Clapton got his first guitar.
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otprilike istovremeno kada ju je dobio i Eric Clapton.
13:32
You know, it worked out for Eric, that's all I'm saying.
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Vidite, uspjelo je kod Erica, to je ono što vam želim reći.
13:35
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
13:37
In a way, it did not for me.
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Na neki način, nije uspjelo kod mene.
13:39
I could not get this thing to work
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Nisam ju uspio natjerati da radi
13:42
no matter how often or how hard I blew into it.
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bez obzira koliko često i koliko jako sam u nju puhao.
13:44
(Laughter) It just wouldn't work.
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Jednostavno nije išlo.
13:49
But it's not only about that.
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Ali, ne radi se samo o tome.
13:51
It's about passion.
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Radi se o strasti.
13:53
Often, people are good at things they don't really care for.
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Često su ljudi dobri u stvarima do kojih im nije naročito stalo.
13:55
It's about passion,
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Radi se o strasti
13:57
and what excites our spirit and our energy.
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i onome što uzbuđuje naš duh i našu energiju.
14:00
And if you're doing the thing that you love to do, that you're good at,
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I ako radite stvar koju volite raditi, u kojoj ste dobri,
14:03
time takes a different course entirely.
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vrijeme uzima potpuno drugačiji smjer.
14:06
My wife's just finished writing a novel,
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Moja je žena upravo završila pisanje novele,
14:09
and I think it's a great book,
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i ja mislim kako je to sjajna knjiga,
14:11
but she disappears for hours on end.
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ali ona nestane na nekoliko sati.
14:14
You know this, if you're doing something you love,
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Znate to već, ako radite nešto što doista volite,
14:16
an hour feels like five minutes.
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sat se čini kao svega pet minuta.
14:19
If you're doing something that doesn't resonate with your spirit,
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Ako, pak, radite nešto što nije u skladu s vašim duhom,
14:21
five minutes feels like an hour.
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pet minuta se čine kao sat.
14:23
And the reason so many people are opting out of education
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I razlog što toliko mnogo ljudi odustaje od obrazovanja
14:26
is because it doesn't feed their spirit,
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je u tome što ono ne hrani njihov duh,
14:28
it doesn't feed their energy or their passion.
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ne hrani njihovu energiju ili strast
14:31
So I think we have to change metaphors.
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Zato mislim kako moramo promijeniti metafore.
14:34
We have to go from what is essentially an industrial model of education,
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Moramo odustati od onoga što je u osnovi industrijski model obrazovanja,
14:37
a manufacturing model,
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proizvođački model,
14:39
which is based on linearity
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koji se zasniva na linearnosti
14:41
and conformity and batching people.
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prilagođavanju i grupiranju ljudi.
14:44
We have to move to a model
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Treba nam model
14:46
that is based more on principles of agriculture.
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koji se zasniva na načelima poljoprivrede.
14:49
We have to recognize that human flourishing
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Moramo shvatiti kako procvat čovjeka
14:52
is not a mechanical process;
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nije mehanički proces,
14:54
it's an organic process.
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već organski proces.
14:56
And you cannot predict the outcome of human development.
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I da se ne može predvidjeti ishod čovjekovog razvoja;
14:59
All you can do, like a farmer,
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sve što možemo, poput farmera,
15:01
is create the conditions under which
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stvarati uvjete pod kojima
15:03
they will begin to flourish.
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će početi cvjetati.
15:05
So when we look at reforming education and transforming it,
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Dakle, kada razmišljamo o obrazovanju i njegovoj preobrazbi,
15:08
it isn't like cloning a system.
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ne radi se o kloniranju sustava.
15:11
There are great ones, like KIPP's; it's a great system.
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Postoje izvrsni primjeri poput KIPPova, to je sjajan sustav.
15:13
There are many great models.
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Ima mnogo izvrsnih primjera.
15:15
It's about customizing to your circumstances
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Radi se o prilagodbi vašim okolnostima,
15:18
and personalizing education
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i personalizaciji obrazovanja
15:20
to the people you're actually teaching.
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onim ljudima koje poučavate.
15:22
And doing that, I think,
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Mislim kako je upravo to
15:24
is the answer to the future
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odgovor za budućnost
15:26
because it's not about scaling a new solution;
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jer ne radi se o primjeni novog rješenja;
15:29
it's about creating a movement in education
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već stvaranju pokreta u obrazovanju
15:31
in which people develop their own solutions,
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u kojem ljudi stvaraju vlastita rješenja,
15:34
but with external support based on a personalized curriculum.
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s vanjskom podrškom, zasnovanom na prilagođenom planu i programu.
15:37
Now in this room,
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U ovoj dvorani,
15:39
there are people who represent
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ima ljudi koji predstavljaju
15:41
extraordinary resources in business,
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izvanredne resurse u poslovnom svijetu,
15:43
in multimedia, in the Internet.
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multimediji, Internetu.
15:45
These technologies,
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Ove tehnologije,
15:47
combined with the extraordinary talents of teachers,
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u sprezi s izvanrednim talentima učitelja,
15:50
provide an opportunity to revolutionize education.
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daju mogućnost revolucionarne promjene u obrazovanju.
15:53
And I urge you to get involved in it
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I ja vas potičem da se uključite u nju
15:55
because it's vital, not just to ourselves,
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jer je od životne važnosti, ne samo za nas,
15:57
but to the future of our children.
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već i za budućnost naše djece.
15:59
But we have to change from the industrial model
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Ali moramo odustati od industrijskog modela
16:01
to an agricultural model,
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i prijeći na poljoprivredni model
16:03
where each school can be flourishing tomorrow.
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u kojem već sutra svaka škola može procvjetati.
16:06
That's where children experience life.
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To je mjesto na kojem djeca iskušavaju život.
16:08
Or at home, if that's where they choose to be educated
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Ili kod kuće, ako je to gdje žele biti obrazovani
16:10
with their families or their friends.
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u svojim obiteljima ili kod prijatelja.
16:12
There's been a lot of talk about dreams
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Puno se govorilo o snovima
16:14
over the course of this few days.
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u ovih nekoliko dana.
16:17
And I wanted to just very quickly ...
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I htio sam samo nakratko --
16:19
I was very struck by Natalie Merchant's songs last night,
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dojmila me se sinoć pjesma Natalie Merchant,
16:22
recovering old poems.
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obnavljanje starih pjesama.
16:24
I wanted to read you a quick, very short poem
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Htio bih vam brzo pročitati vrlo kratku pjesmu
16:26
from W. B. Yeats, who some of you may know.
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od W. B. Yeatsa, kojeg možda poznajete.
16:29
He wrote this to his love,
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Napisao ju je svojoj ljubavi,
16:31
Maud Gonne,
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Maud Gonne,
16:33
and he was bewailing the fact that
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oplakujući činjenicu što
16:36
he couldn't really give her what he thought she wanted from him.
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joj ne može dati ono što je mislio da ona od njega želi.
16:39
And he says, "I've got something else, but it may not be for you."
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Kaže: "Imam nešto drugo, ali to možda tebi ne treba."
16:42
He says this:
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Kaže:
16:44
"Had I the heavens' embroidered cloths,
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"Da imam tkanje ukrašeno nebesima,
16:47
Enwrought with gold
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obrubljeno zlatom
16:49
and silver light,
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i srebrnim svjetlom,
16:51
The blue and the dim
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plavim i prigušenim
16:53
and the dark cloths
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i tamnu tkaninu
16:55
Of night and light and the half-light,
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noći i svjetla i polusvjetla,
16:58
I would spread the cloths under your feet:
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rasprostro bih ih pred tebe;
17:01
But I, being poor,
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Ali ja jesam siromah,
17:04
have only my dreams;
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samo svoje snove imam;
17:07
I have spread my dreams under your feet;
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pred noge tvoje polažem ih.
17:10
Tread softly
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Nježno gazi,
17:12
because you tread on my dreams."
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jer gaziš po snovima mojim."
17:15
And every day, everywhere,
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I svakoga dana, svugdje,
17:18
our children spread their dreams beneath our feet.
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naša djeca prostiru svoje snove pred nas.
17:21
And we should tread softly.
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I trebali bismo gaziti nježno.
17:24
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
17:26
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
17:43
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam puno.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com